Java is almost entirely of volcanic origin, and contains numerous volcanoes, 20 of which have been active in recent historical times. As is the case for many other Indonesia

Indonesia

Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...

in islands, volcanoes have played a vital role in the geological and human history of Java. Indeed, land is created on Java as a result of lava flows, ash deposits, and mud flows (lahars). Volcanoes are a major contributor to the immense fertility of Java, as natural erosion transports volcanic material as alluvium

Alluvium

Alluvium is loose, unconsolidated soil or sediments, eroded, deposited, and reshaped by water in some form in a non-marine setting. Alluvium is typically made up of a variety of materials, including fine particles of silt and clay and larger particles of sand and gravel...

 to the island's plains, forming thick layers of fertile sediment. The benefit is not just in the immediate vicinity of the volcano, with fine ash emitted from eruptions being dispersed over wide areas.

Climbing volcanoes (and other mountains) is increasingly popular. Merapi is a famous volcano in Indonesia, located in
Java.

List of Volcanoes

This list is of volcanoes from the west of Java to the east. Local terminology and usage has the word Gunung (mount or mountain) precede the names

West Java

• Pulosari
  Pulosari
  Pulosari is a volcano at the western end of Java, in Indonesia. Although no historic eruptions have been recorded, there are active solfataras on its deep caldera wall.- References :*...
  
    Stratovolcano
• Karang
  Karang
  Mount Karang or Gunung Karang is a volcano at the western most end of West Java, Indonesia.-References:...
  
   Stratovolcano
• Kiaraberes-Gagak
  Kiaraberes-Gagak
  Mount Kiaraberes-Gagak or Mount Perbakti-Gagak is the western most volcano on Java island. It is an eroded stratovolcano with fumarolic areas on its flanks....
  
   Stratovolcano
• Perbakti
  Perbakti
  Perbakti is an eroded stratovolcano at the west of Mount Salak in West Java, Indonesia. The summit is elongated in a northwest-southwest direction, in which Gunung Endut volcano rises above a saddle of Perbakti. Two 2 km wide of depressions on the northern and the southern side has formed two...
  
   Stratovolcano
• Mount Salak
  Mount Salak
  Mount Salak is an eroded volcanic range in West Java, Indonesia. Several satellite cones occur on the southeast flank and on the northern foot. Two craters are found at the summit. Mount Salak has been the site of a geothermal exploration.. The name Salak is come from salak fruit.- See also :*...
  
    Stratovolcano
• Mount Gede
  Mount Gede
  Mount Gede or Gunung Gede is a stratovolcano in West Java, Indonesia. The volcano contains two peaks with Mount Gede as one peak and Mount Pangrango for the other one. Three major cities, Cianjur, Sukabumi and Bogor, are located in the volcano complex at the east, south and northwest, respectively...
  
    Stratovolcano
• Mount Pangrango Stratovolcano
• Mount Patuha
  Mount Patuha
  Mount Patuha is a twin stratovolcano about 50 km to the southwest of Bandung in West Java, Indonesia. It is located in the Bandung District of West Java. It is one of numerous volcanoes in this area; others in the region include Mt Malabar, Mt Wayang, and Mount Papandayan .The summit of Mt Patuha...
  
   Stratovolcano
• Wayang-Windu
  Wayang-Windu
  Wayang-Windu is a twin volcano that consists of Mount Wayang and Mount Windu. They are located just to the east of the town of Pangalengan in the Bandung Regency in West Java, Indonesia, about 40 km south of the city of Bandung. The area has been an active geothermal project...
  
   Lava dome
• Mount Malabar
  Mount Malabar
  Mount Malabar is a stratovolcano, located immediately south of Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. The profile is broad with basaltic andesite type of geological stone....
  
   Stratovolcano
• Tangkuban Parahu Stratovolcano
• Mount Papandayan
  Mount Papandayan
  Mount Papandayan is a complex stratovolcano, located in Garut Regency, to the southeast of the city of Bandung in West Java, Indonesia. It is about 15 km to the southwest of the town of Garut. At the summit, there are four large craters which contain active fumarole fields...
  
   Stratovolcanoes
• Mount Kendang
  Mount Kendang
  Mount Kendang is a stratovolcano in West Java, Indonesia. It contains four fumarole fields including Kawah Manuk, a broad 2.75 km wide of crater. Sulfur sublimation, mud pots and hot springs are found in the volcano....
  
   Stratovolcano
• Kamojang
  Kamojang
  Kamojang, popularly known as Kawah Kamojang or , is a geothermal field and tourist spot in West Java, Indonesia. The crater is located approximately 45 km to the southeast of Bandung through the town of Majalaya...
  
   Stratovolcanoes
• Mount Guntur
  Mount Guntur
  Mount Guntur or Gunung Guntur is an active stratovolcano in western Java. It is part of a complex of several overlapping stratovolcanoes about northwest of the city of Garut. The last eruption was in 1847. At an elevation of , Mount Guntur rises about above the plain of Garut...
  
   Complex volcano
• Mount Tampomas
  Mount Tampomas
  Mount Tampomas is a small andesitic stratovolcano in West Java, Indonesia. A young lava flows are found on the eastern flank of the volcano.The mountain was used as a source of construction rock to build the nearby Mrica Hydroelectric Dam project....
  
   Stratovolcano
• Galunggung
  Galunggung
  Mount Galunggung is an active stratovolcano in West Java, Indonesia, around 80 km southeast of the West Java provincial capital, Bandung...
  
   Stratovolcano
• Talagabodas
  Talagabodas
  Talagabodas or Telagabodas is a stratovolcano in West Java, Indonesia. The volcano is about 25 km to the east of the town of Garut and is built up of andesitic lavas and pyroclastics. Fumaroles, mud pots and hot springs are found around the crater lake...
  
   Stratovolcano
• Karaha Crater
  Karaha Crater
  Karaha Crater or Kawah Karaha is a fumarole field in Java Indonesia. It is an eroded crater from the last eruption in which its date is unknown. The field covers 250 × 80 m area and contains sulfur deposit....
  
   Fumarole field
• Mount Cereme
  Mount Cereme
  Mount Cereme or Mount Ciremai is a symmetrical stratovolcano lies in West Java, Indonesia. A 4.5 × 5 km wide of the Geger Halang caldera is found at the summit. Eruptions are relatively infrequent in historical time, but explosive activity and lahars from the summit have been recorded....
  
   Stratovolcano

Central Java

• Mount Slamet
  Mount Slamet
  Mount Slamet or Gunung Slamet is an active stratovolcano in Central Java, Indonesia. It has a cluster of around three dozens of cinder cones on the lower southeast-northeast flanks and a single cinder cone on the western flank. The volcano is composed by two overlapping edifices. Four craters are...
  
   Stratovolcano
• Dieng Volcanic Complex
  Dieng Volcanic Complex
  Dieng Volcanic Complex is on the Dieng Plateau in the Central Java, Indonesia, as a complex of volcanoes. The volcanic complex consists of two or more of stratovolcanoes, more than 20 small craters and Pleistocene-to-Holocene age volcanic cones...
  
   Complex volcano
• Mount Sundoro
  Mount Sundoro
  Mount Sindara, Mount Sindoro or Mount Sundoro is an active stratovolcano in Central Java, Indonesia. Parasitic craters and cones are found in the northwest-southern flanks; the largest is called Kembang. A small lava dome occupies the volcano's summit. Historical eruptions mostly mild-to-moderate...
  
   Stratovolcano
• Mount Sumbing
  Mount Sumbing
  Mount Sumbing or Gunung Sumbing is an active stratovolcano in Central Java, Indonesia, symmetrical with Sundoro. The only report of historical eruptions is from 1730. It has created a small phreatic crater at the summit....
  
   Stratovolcano
• Mount Ungaran
  Mount Ungaran
  Mount Ungaran is a deeply eroded stratovolcano, located in the south of Semarang, Indonesia. There are no historical records about the mountain activities. Two active fumarole fields are found on the southern flanks....
  
   Stratovolcano
• Mount Telomoyo
  Mount Telomoyo
  Mount Telomoyo is a stratovolcano in Central Java, Indonesia. The volcano was constructed over the southern flank of the eroded Pleistocene-age Soropati volcano, which has a height of . The Soropati volcano collapsed during the Pleistocene, leaving a U-shaped depression. Mount Telomoyo grows on the...
  
   Stratovolcano
• Mount Merbabu
  Mount Merbabu
  Mount Merbabu is a dormant stratovolcano in Central Java province on the Indonesian island of Java. The name Merbabu could be loosely translated as 'Mountain of Ash' from the Javanese combined words; Meru means "mountain" and awu or abu means "ash".The active volcano Mount Merapi is directly...
  
   Stratovolcano
• Mount Merapi
  Mount Merapi
  Mount Merapi, Gunung Merapi , is an active stratovolcano located on the border between Central Java and Yogyakarta, Indonesia. It is the most active volcano in Indonesia and has erupted regularly since 1548...
  
   Stratovolcano
• Mount Muria
  Mount Muria
  Mount Muria or Gunung Muria is a dormant volcano on the north coast of Java, Indonesia.The area is notable for a number of reasons. It is the site of the grave of one of the Wali Sanga of Java - Sunan Muria - one of the Islamic Saints associated with the origins of Islam in Java...
  
   Stratovolcano
• Mount Lawu
  Mount Lawu
  Mount Lawu, or Gunung Lawu, is a massive compound stratovolcano straddling the border between East Java and Central Java, Indonesia. The north side is deeply eroded and the eastern side contains parasitic crater lakes and parasitic cones. A fumarolic area is located on the south flank at 2,550 m...
  
   Stratovolcano
• Mount Wilis
  Mount Wilis
  Mount Wilis is a solitary volcanic massif surrounded by low-elevation plains. It is located in Java island, Indonesia. No confirmed historical eruptions are known from this volcano....
  
   Stratovolcano

East Java

• Kelut
  Kelut
  Kelud is a volcano located in East Java on Java in Indonesia. Like many Indonesian volcanoes and others on the Pacific Ring of Fire, Kelud is known for large explosive eruptions throughout its history...
  
   Stratovolcano
• Kawi-Butak Stratovolcanoes
• Arjuno-Welirang Stratovolcano
• Penanggungan Stratovolcano
• Malang Plain Maars
• Semeru
  Semeru
  Semeru, or Mount Semeru , is a volcano located in East Java, Indonesia. It is the highest mountain on the island of Java...
  
   Stratovolcano
• Mount Bromo
  Mount Bromo
  Mount Bromo , is an active volcano and part of the Tengger massif, in East Java, Indonesia. At it is not the highest peak of the massif, but is the most well known. The massif area is one of the most visited tourist attractions in East Java, Indonesia. The volcano belongs to the Bromo Tengger...
  
  
• Lamongan Stratovolcano
• Lurus Complex volcano Mount Lurus
  Mount Lurus
  Mount Lurus is a complex volcano located along the northern coast of East Java, Indonesia. The volcano has produced leucite-bearing rocks with andesitic and trachytic composition....
  
  
• Iyang-Argapura Complex volcano
• Raung
  Raung
  Raung is one of the most active volcanoes on the island of Java in Indonesia.It is located in the province of East Java and has a wide caldera surrounded by a grayish rim. The difference in color of the rim and the flanks of the volcanoes is caused by the rim’s lack of vegetation compared with the...
  
   Stratovolcano
• Ijen
  Ijen
  The Ijen volcano complex is a group of stratovolcanoes, in East Java, Indonesia. It is inside a larger caldera Ijen, which is about 20 kilometers wide. The Gunung Merapi stratovolcano is the highest point of that complex. The name of this volcano resembles that of a different volcano, Mount...
  
   Stratovolcanoes
• Baluran
  Baluran
  Baluran is a stratovolcano located on the island of Java. It is at the very north east tip of the island and is overshadowed by its much large neighbour Ijen. The mountain has not erupted in historical times, although it is considered to be of Holocene age....
  
  Stratovolcano