Vladimir Teplyakov
Encyclopedia
Vladimir Aleksandrovich Teplyakov (November 6, 1925 – December 10, 2009) was a Russia
n physicist
best known for his work on particle accelerator
s. He, working with I.M. Kapchinsky, invented the principle of the radio frequency quadrupole
(RFQ), which revolutionized the acceleration of low energy ion beams.
, Russian SFSR
, USSR
, on November 6, 1925. He was drafted into the Red Army
in January 1943 to fight in the Second World War
, serving as part of the 3rd Ukrainian Front
, and participated in the Vienna Offensive
. After the war, he graduated from the All-Union Correspondence Polytechnic Institute in Moscow
and got a job at the Institute of Chemical Physics
of the Soviet Academy of Sciences
. From 1959 to 1966 he worked at Chelyabinsk-70
, where he studied high-current proton linear accelerators. In 1966, he and his colleagues were transferred to the Institute of High Energy Physics
in Protvino
, where he was in charge of the I-100, a 100 MeV Alvarez drift-tube linac, which was an injector to the U-70 synchrotron, a 70 GeV proton synchrotron
, the world's largest particle accelerator at that time.
In 1969, while working at IHEP, Teplyakov and Kapchinsky developed the concept of the radio frequency quadrupole. This concept creates a "double gap" using an intermediate electrode, creating separate accelerating and focusing parts. This allows for the dimensions of drift tubes to decrease and switch to small cavities, which are more cost-effective at low ion velocities. Teplyakov subsequently developed several RFQ drift-tube structures and RF cavities to drive them.
For the rest of his life, Teplyakov continued to work at IHEP, continuing his work on particle accelerators. Teplyakov eventually became Deputy Director of Science at IHEP. He died on December 10, 2009 in Protvino. He is the author of more than 100 scientific papers and inventions, and is the co-author of the book Linear Accelerators of Ions.
in 1988 for the development of the RFQ. For his work in the field of physics, Teplyakov also received the Order of Lenin
and the Order of the October Revolution
. During World War II, Teplyakov was awarded the Order of Glory
, 3rd class, the Order of the Patriotic War
, 2nd class, the Medal of Valour, and the medal for the Capture of Vienna. In 2006, The European Physical Society Accelerator Group awarded him the prize "for outstanding work in the accelerator field with no age limit". Teplyakov was one of the first to receive the title "Veteran of Atomic Energy and Industry" and also received the title "Honored Worker of Science and Technology".
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
n physicist
Physicist
A physicist is a scientist who studies or practices physics. Physicists study a wide range of physical phenomena in many branches of physics spanning all length scales: from sub-atomic particles of which all ordinary matter is made to the behavior of the material Universe as a whole...
best known for his work on particle accelerator
Particle accelerator
A particle accelerator is a device that uses electromagnetic fields to propel charged particles to high speeds and to contain them in well-defined beams. An ordinary CRT television set is a simple form of accelerator. There are two basic types: electrostatic and oscillating field accelerators.In...
s. He, working with I.M. Kapchinsky, invented the principle of the radio frequency quadrupole
Radio Frequency Quadrupole
A radio frequency quadrupole is a linear accelerator component generally used at low beam energies, roughly 50keV to 3MeV...
(RFQ), which revolutionized the acceleration of low energy ion beams.
Biography
V.A. Teplyakov was born in TambovTambov
Tambov is a city and the administrative center of Tambov Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Tsna and Studenets Rivers southeast of Moscow...
, Russian SFSR
Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic , commonly referred to as Soviet Russia, Bolshevik Russia, or simply Russia, was the largest, most populous and economically developed republic in the former Soviet Union....
, USSR
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
, on November 6, 1925. He was drafted into the Red Army
Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army started out as the Soviet Union's revolutionary communist combat groups during the Russian Civil War of 1918-1922. It grew into the national army of the Soviet Union. By the 1930s the Red Army was among the largest armies in history.The "Red Army" name refers to...
in January 1943 to fight in the Second World War
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, serving as part of the 3rd Ukrainian Front
3rd Ukrainian Front
3rd Ukrainian Front was a Front of the Red Army during World War II.It was founded on 20 October 1943, on the basis of a Stavka order of October 16, 1943, by renaming the Southwestern Front. It included 1st Guards Army, 8th Guards Army, 6th, 12th, and 46th Armies and 17th Air Army...
, and participated in the Vienna Offensive
Vienna Offensive
The Vienna Offensive was launched by the Soviet 3rd Ukrainian Front in order to capture Vienna, Austria. The offensive lasted from 2–13 April 1945...
. After the war, he graduated from the All-Union Correspondence Polytechnic Institute in Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
and got a job at the Institute of Chemical Physics
Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics
The Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences is the largest Institute of the research center in Chernogolovka. The Institute consists of 10 scientific departments, about 100 laboratories and independent research groups. The staff of the Institute counts ca...
of the Soviet Academy of Sciences
Russian Academy of Sciences
The Russian Academy of Sciences consists of the national academy of Russia and a network of scientific research institutes from across the Russian Federation as well as auxiliary scientific and social units like libraries, publishers and hospitals....
. From 1959 to 1966 he worked at Chelyabinsk-70
Snezhinsk
Snezhinsk is a closed town in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia. Population: It was founded in 1957, and was known as Chelyabinsk-70 until 1991...
, where he studied high-current proton linear accelerators. In 1966, he and his colleagues were transferred to the Institute of High Energy Physics
Institute of High Energy Physics
The Institute of High Energy Physics is the biggest and comprehensive fundamental research center in China. The major research fields of IHEP are particle physics, accelerator physics and technologies, radiation technologies and application....
in Protvino
Protvino
Protvino is a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located about south of Moscow and west of Serpukhov, on the left bank of the Protva River. Population: -History:...
, where he was in charge of the I-100, a 100 MeV Alvarez drift-tube linac, which was an injector to the U-70 synchrotron, a 70 GeV proton synchrotron
Synchrotron
A synchrotron is a particular type of cyclic particle accelerator in which the magnetic field and the electric field are carefully synchronised with the travelling particle beam. The proton synchrotron was originally conceived by Sir Marcus Oliphant...
, the world's largest particle accelerator at that time.
In 1969, while working at IHEP, Teplyakov and Kapchinsky developed the concept of the radio frequency quadrupole. This concept creates a "double gap" using an intermediate electrode, creating separate accelerating and focusing parts. This allows for the dimensions of drift tubes to decrease and switch to small cavities, which are more cost-effective at low ion velocities. Teplyakov subsequently developed several RFQ drift-tube structures and RF cavities to drive them.
For the rest of his life, Teplyakov continued to work at IHEP, continuing his work on particle accelerators. Teplyakov eventually became Deputy Director of Science at IHEP. He died on December 10, 2009 in Protvino. He is the author of more than 100 scientific papers and inventions, and is the co-author of the book Linear Accelerators of Ions.
Honours and awards
Teplyakov and Kapchinsky were awarded the Lenin PrizeLenin Prize
The Lenin Prize was one of the most prestigious awards of the USSR, presented to individuals for accomplishments relating to science, literature, arts, architecture, and technology. It was created on June 23, 1925 and was awarded until 1934. During the period from 1935 to 1956, the Lenin Prize was...
in 1988 for the development of the RFQ. For his work in the field of physics, Teplyakov also received the Order of Lenin
Order of Lenin
The Order of Lenin , named after the leader of the Russian October Revolution, was the highest decoration bestowed by the Soviet Union...
and the Order of the October Revolution
Order of the October Revolution
The Order of the October Revolution was instituted on October 31, 1967, in time for the 50th anniversary of the October Revolution. It was awarded to individuals or groups for services furthering communism or the state, or in enhancing the defenses of the Soviet Union, military and civil...
. During World War II, Teplyakov was awarded the Order of Glory
Order of Glory
Established on 8 November 1943, the Order of Glory was an Order of the Soviet Union. It was awarded to non-commissioned officers and rank-and-file of the armed forces, as well as junior lieutenants of the air force, for bravery in the face of the enemy.The Order of Glory, which was modelled...
, 3rd class, the Order of the Patriotic War
Order of the Patriotic War
The Order of the Patriotic War is a Soviet military decoration that was awarded to all soldiers in the Soviet armed forces, security troops, and to partisans for heroic deeds during the German-Soviet War, known by the former-Soviet Union as the Great Patriotic War.- History :The Order was...
, 2nd class, the Medal of Valour, and the medal for the Capture of Vienna. In 2006, The European Physical Society Accelerator Group awarded him the prize "for outstanding work in the accelerator field with no age limit". Teplyakov was one of the first to receive the title "Veteran of Atomic Energy and Industry" and also received the title "Honored Worker of Science and Technology".