Unterlunkhofen
Encyclopedia
Unterlunkhofen is a municipality
in the district of Bremgarten
in the canton
of Aargau
in Switzerland
.
Age (Horgen
Culture, ca 2700-2400 BC). There are other significant discoveries from the early Iron Age
(ca 800-4500 BC), including the Bärhau burial site which is the largest of its kind in Switzerland. The area near the municipality also included a Roman era
villa
. In October 1890 the farmer Louis Brumann found a roman wall while planting a tree. Further excavations found a piece of wall with marble facing and a magnificent six-color mosaic floor.
After the immigration of the Alemanni into Switzerland (around 406 AD), the region of Lunchunft is first mentioned in 694. This region included the modern communities of Oberlunkhofen
, Unterlunkhofen, Jonen
, and Arni
-Islisberg
and was administered from Oberlunkhofen. For financial reasons it was sold on 16 April 1291 by the abbot of Murbach
in Alsace
to the Habsburgs. This sale encouraged the three Swiss Forest Cantons to band together in the Eternal Alliance
to stand against the Habsburgs. The Eternal Alliance eventually grew into the modern country of Switzerland.
of the municipal coat of arms
is Barry of Six Argent and Azure and overall a Pale Gules.
The age distribution, , in Unterlunkhofen is; 141 children or 11.2% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 158 teenagers or 12.5% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 149 people or 11.8% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 172 people or 13.6% are between 30 and 39, 249 people or 19.7% are between 40 and 49, and 203 people or 16.1% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 118 people or 9.4% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 56 people or 4.4% are between 70 and 79, there are 12 people or 1.0% who are between 80 and 89,and there are 3 people or 0.2% who are 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.56 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.57 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 68.5% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
or a rent-to-own agreement). , there were 22 homes with 1 or 2 persons in the household, 210 homes with 3 or 4 persons in the household, and 225 homes with 5 or more persons in the household. The average number of people per household was 2.61 individuals. there were 224 single family homes (or 42.1% of the total) out of a total of 532 homes and apartments. There were a total of 8 empty apartments for a 1.5% vacancy rate. , there was no new construction of housing units.
In the 2007 federal election
the most popular party was the SVP
which received 35.4% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP
(22.2%), the SP
(15.7%) and the FDP
(11.9%).
In Unterlunkhofen about 86.4% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule
). Of the school age population , there are 99 students attending primary school in the municipality.
The historical population is given in the following table:
. The Bärhau was discovered and explored from 1865 to 1900 in several stages. Each of the burial mounds (tumuli) are about 1.2 m (3.9 ft) high and have an average diameter of 12 m (39.4 ft) and are located close to each other. In addition to the remains of human skeletons were found grave goods such as bronze jewelry, tools and small weapons. The finds are kept in the National Museum in Zurich and in Vindonissa museum in Brugg. Today, the early Celtic burial mounds are in a forest area and are therefore difficult to detect.
there was a total of 694 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 583 or about 84.0% of the residents worked outside Unterlunkhofen while 120 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 231 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 16.9% used public transportation to get to work, and 60.2% used a private car.
.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
in the district of Bremgarten
Bremgarten (district)
Bremgarten District is a Swiss district in the Canton of Aargau, corresponding to the valleys of the Reuss and Bünz rivers in the area known as the Freiamt.-Geography:...
in the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Aargau
Aargau
Aargau is one of the more northerly cantons of Switzerland. It comprises the lower course of the river Aare, which is why the canton is called Aar-gau .-History:...
in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
.
History
Since pre-Christian times people have inhabited the areas around Unterlunkhofen. Archeological digs document a settlement of the Geisshof area since the NeolithicNeolithic
The Neolithic Age, Era, or Period, or New Stone Age, was a period in the development of human technology, beginning about 9500 BC in some parts of the Middle East, and later in other parts of the world. It is traditionally considered as the last part of the Stone Age...
Age (Horgen
Horgen
Horgen is a village in the district of Horgen in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland.It is one of the larger towns along the south bank of the Lake of Zurich.- History :Horgen is also the type-site of Switzerland's middle Neolithic archaeological culture...
Culture, ca 2700-2400 BC). There are other significant discoveries from the early Iron Age
Iron Age
The Iron Age is the archaeological period generally occurring after the Bronze Age, marked by the prevalent use of iron. The early period of the age is characterized by the widespread use of iron or steel. The adoption of such material coincided with other changes in society, including differing...
(ca 800-4500 BC), including the Bärhau burial site which is the largest of its kind in Switzerland. The area near the municipality also included a Roman era
Switzerland in the Roman era
The history of Switzerland in the Roman era encompasses the roughly six centuries during which the territory of modern Switzerland was a part of the Roman Republic and Empire...
villa
Villa
A villa was originally an ancient Roman upper-class country house. Since its origins in the Roman villa, the idea and function of a villa have evolved considerably. After the fall of the Roman Republic, villas became small farming compounds, which were increasingly fortified in Late Antiquity,...
. In October 1890 the farmer Louis Brumann found a roman wall while planting a tree. Further excavations found a piece of wall with marble facing and a magnificent six-color mosaic floor.
After the immigration of the Alemanni into Switzerland (around 406 AD), the region of Lunchunft is first mentioned in 694. This region included the modern communities of Oberlunkhofen
Oberlunkhofen
Oberlunkhofen is a municipality in the district of Bremgarten, in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.-History:The earliest signs of a settlement in Oberlunkhofen are scattered Bronze Age items. In Schalchmatthau there is the foundation of a rectangular Roman era farm with a portico and flanked by...
, Unterlunkhofen, Jonen
Jonen
Jonen is a municipality in the district of Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.-History:The first traces of a settlement come from an extensive burial ground from the Hallstatt period. There are remains of a Roman estate in Schalchmatthau...
, and Arni
Arni, Aargau
Arni is a municipality in the district of Bremgarten in the Swiss canton of Aargau.-History:Arni is first mentioned in 1184 as Arne. In 1983 the, already independent, village of Islisberg separated from the municipality of Arni-Islisberg to form the municipalities of Arni, AG and...
-Islisberg
Islisberg
Islisberg is a municipality in the district of Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.-History:Islisberg is first mentioned in 1185 as Nidolperhc. In 1305 it was mentioned as Isbolzberg. In the 13th Century it was a Habsburg bailiwick. The main landholders in the village were Muri...
and was administered from Oberlunkhofen. For financial reasons it was sold on 16 April 1291 by the abbot of Murbach
Murbach Abbey
Murbach Abbey was a famous Benedictine monastery in Murbach, southern Alsace, in a valley at the foot of the Grand Ballon in the Vosges.The monastery was founded in 727 by Eberhard, Count of Alsace, and established as a Benedictine house by Saint Pirmin. Its territory once comprised 3 towns and 30...
in Alsace
Alsace
Alsace is the fifth-smallest of the 27 regions of France in land area , and the smallest in metropolitan France. It is also the seventh-most densely populated region in France and third most densely populated region in metropolitan France, with ca. 220 inhabitants per km²...
to the Habsburgs. This sale encouraged the three Swiss Forest Cantons to band together in the Eternal Alliance
Federal Charter of 1291
The Federal Charter or Letter of Alliance documents the Eternal Alliance or League Of The Three Forest Cantons , the union of three cantons in what is now central Switzerland. It is dated in early August, 1291 and initiates the current August 1 national Swiss holiday. This agreement cites a...
to stand against the Habsburgs. The Eternal Alliance eventually grew into the modern country of Switzerland.
Geography
Unterlunkhofen has an area, , of 4.5 square kilometres (1.7 sq mi). Of this area, 51.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while 26.6% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 8.5% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (13.4%) is non-productive (rivers or lakes).Coat of arms
The blazonBlazon
In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image...
of the municipal coat of arms
Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
is Barry of Six Argent and Azure and overall a Pale Gules.
Demographics
Unterlunkhofen has a population (as of ) of . , 10.2% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 23%. Most of the population speaks German (94.6%), with Italian being second most common ( 1.0%) and English being third ( 1.0%).The age distribution, , in Unterlunkhofen is; 141 children or 11.2% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 158 teenagers or 12.5% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 149 people or 11.8% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 172 people or 13.6% are between 30 and 39, 249 people or 19.7% are between 40 and 49, and 203 people or 16.1% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 118 people or 9.4% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 56 people or 4.4% are between 70 and 79, there are 12 people or 1.0% who are between 80 and 89,and there are 3 people or 0.2% who are 90 and older.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.56 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.57 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 68.5% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
or a rent-to-own agreement). , there were 22 homes with 1 or 2 persons in the household, 210 homes with 3 or 4 persons in the household, and 225 homes with 5 or more persons in the household. The average number of people per household was 2.61 individuals. there were 224 single family homes (or 42.1% of the total) out of a total of 532 homes and apartments. There were a total of 8 empty apartments for a 1.5% vacancy rate. , there was no new construction of housing units.
In the 2007 federal election
Swiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the SVP
Swiss People's Party
The Swiss People's Party , also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre , is a conservative political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Toni Brunner, but spearheaded by Christoph Blocher, the party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of...
which received 35.4% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
(22.2%), the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(15.7%) and the FDP
Free Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Free Democratic Party was a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It was one of the major parties in Switzerland until its merger with the smaller classical liberal Liberal Party, to form FDP.The Liberals on 1 January 2009....
(11.9%).
In Unterlunkhofen about 86.4% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule
Fachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
). Of the school age population , there are 99 students attending primary school in the municipality.
The historical population is given in the following table:
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1975 | 399 |
| 1980 | 415 |
| 1990 | 758 |
| 2000 | 1,235 |
Heritage sites of national significance
The Bärhau, an Iron Age burial site, which with 63 graves is the largest of its kind in Switzerland, is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significanceSwiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance
The Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance is a register of some 8,300 items of cultural property in Switzerland...
. The Bärhau was discovered and explored from 1865 to 1900 in several stages. Each of the burial mounds (tumuli) are about 1.2 m (3.9 ft) high and have an average diameter of 12 m (39.4 ft) and are located close to each other. In addition to the remains of human skeletons were found grave goods such as bronze jewelry, tools and small weapons. The finds are kept in the National Museum in Zurich and in Vindonissa museum in Brugg. Today, the early Celtic burial mounds are in a forest area and are therefore difficult to detect.
Economy
, Unterlunkhofen had an unemployment rate of 1.25%. , there were 37 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 17 businesses involved in this sector. 128 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 11 businesses in this sector. 78 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 26 businesses in this sector.there was a total of 694 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 583 or about 84.0% of the residents worked outside Unterlunkhofen while 120 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 231 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 16.9% used public transportation to get to work, and 60.2% used a private car.
Religion
From the , 636 or 51.8% were Roman Catholic, while 377 or 30.7% belonged to the Swiss Reformed ChurchSwiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
.