United States Ambassador to Portugal

This is a list of Ambassadors of the United States to Portugal

Portugal

Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic is a country situated in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe, and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and South and by Spain to the North and East. The Atlantic archipelagos of the...

.

Bilateral diplomatic relations between the United States and Portugal date from the earliest years of the United States. Following the Revolutionary War

American Revolutionary War

The American Revolutionary War , the American War of Independence, or simply the Revolutionary War, began as a war between the Kingdom of Great Britain and thirteen British colonies in North America, and ended in a global war between several European great powers.The war was the result of the...

, Portugal was the first neutral country to recognize

Diplomatic recognition

Diplomatic recognition in international law is a unilateral political act with domestic and international legal consequences, whereby a state acknowledges an act or status of another state or government in control of a state...

the United States. On February 21, 1791, President George Washington

George Washington

George Washington was the dominant military and political leader of the new United States of America from 1775 to 1799. He led the American victory over Great Britain in the American Revolutionary War as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army from 1775 to 1783, and presided over the writing of...

opened formal diplomatic relations, naming Col. David Humphreys

David Humphreys (soldier)

David Humphreys was a American Revolutionary War colonel and aide de camp to George Washington, American minister to Portugal and then to Spain, entrepreneur who brought Merino sheep to America and member of the Connecticut state legislature...

as U.S. Minister Resident. Subsequent envoys were given the title Minister Plenipotentiary.

Ambassadors

David Humphreys
David Humphreys (soldier)
David Humphreys was a American Revolutionary War colonel and aide de camp to George Washington, American minister to Portugal and then to Spain, entrepreneur who brought Merino sheep to America and member of the Connecticut state legislature...
- Title: Minister Resident
- Appointed: February 21, 1791
- Presented credentials: May 13, 1791
- Terminated mission: Presented recall, July 25, 1797

John Quincy Adams
John Quincy Adams
John Quincy Adams was the sixth President of the United States . He served as an American diplomat, Senator, and Congressional representative. He was a member of the Federalist, Democratic-Republican, National Republican, and later Anti-Masonic and Whig parties. Adams was the son of former...
- Title: Minister Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: May 30, 1796
- Presented credentials: —
- Terminated mission: —

William L. Smith
William Loughton Smith
William Loughton Smith was an American lawyer from Charleston, South Carolina. He represented South Carolina in the U.S. House from 1789 until 1797 and served as the U.S...
- Title: Minister Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: July 10, 1797
- Presented credentials: September 8, 1797
- Terminated mission: Presented recall, September 9, 1801
Note: There was no U.S. minister representing the U.S. from 1801–1807.
Thomas Sumter, Jr.
- Title: Minister Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: March 7, 1809
- Presented credentials: June 7, 1810
- Terminated mission: Presented recall, July 24, 1819

John Graham
- Title: Minister Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: January 6, 1819
- Presented credentials: June 24, 1819
- Terminated mission: Left Rio de Janeiro, June 13, 1820

John James Appleton
John James Appleton
John James Appleton was a diplomat for the United States. His father was John Appleton, some time U. S. consul at Calais. John James studied at Phillips Andover Academy, and was graduated at Harvard in 1813...
- Title: Chargé d'Affaires
- Appointed: Not commissioned
- Presented credentials: —
- Terminated mission: His last dispatch was dated July 12, 1821.

Henry Dearborn, Sr.
Henry Dearborn
Henry Dearborn was an American physician, a statesman and a veteran of both the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. Born to Simon Dearborn and Sarah Marston in North Hampton, New Hampshire, he spent much of his youth in Epping, where he attended public schools...
- Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: May 7, 1822
- Presented credentials: Unknown
- Terminated mission: Had farewell audience, June 30, 1824

Note: Between 1824 and 1854 there was no minister representing the U.S. in Lisbon. A series of chargés d’affaires acted as chief of mission.

Thomas L.L. Brent
- Title: Chargé d'Affaires
- Appointed: March 9, 1825
- Presented credentials: June 24, 1825
- Terminated mission: Left post on or soon after November 28, 1834

Edward Kavanagh
Edward Kavanagh
Edward Kavanagh was a United States Representative and the 17th Governor of Maine. Born in Newcastle, Maine, he attended Montreal Seminary and Georgetown College, He graduated from St. Mary's College in 1813. He studied law, was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Damariscotta, Maine...
- Title: Chargé d'Affaires
- Appointed: March 3, 1835
- Presented credentials: July 25, 1835
- Terminated mission: Relinquished charge, April 19, 1841

Washington Barrow
Washington Barrow
Washington Barrow was an American politician and a member of the United States House of Representatives for Tennessee's 8th congressional district.-Biography:...
- Title: Chargé d'Affaires
- Appointed: August 16, 1841
- Presented credentials: December 28, 1841
- Terminated mission: Presented recall, February 24, 1844

Abraham Rencher
Abraham Rencher
Abraham Rencher was a Congressional Representative from North Carolina; born near Raleigh, North Carolina, August 12, 1798; tutored at home and attended the common schools and Pittsboro Academy; graduated from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1822; studied law; was admitted to...
- Title: Chargé d'Affaires
- Appointed: September 22, 1843
- Presented credentials: February 24, 1844
- Terminated mission: Presented recall, November 4, 1847

George W. Hopkins
George Washington Hopkins
George Washington Hopkins was a nineteenth century United States politician, diplomat, lawyer, judge and teacher....
- Title: Chargé d'Affaires
- Appointed: March 3, 1847
- Presented credentials: November 4, 1847
- Terminated mission: Presented recall, October 18, 1849

James Brown Clay
James Brown Clay
James Brown Clay was a Democratic Party member of the United States House of Representatives from Kentucky....
- Title: Chargé d'Affaires
- Appointed: August 1, 1849
- Presented credentials: October 18, 1849
- Terminated mission: Left post August 19, 1850

Charles B. Haddock
- Title: Chargé d'Affaires
- Appointed: December 10, 1850
- Presented credentials: June 17, 1851
- Terminated mission: Presented recall, June 16, 1854

John L. O'Sullivan
John L. O'Sullivan
John Louis O'Sullivan was an American columnist and editor who used the term "Manifest Destiny" in 1845 to promote the annexation of Texas and the Oregon Country to the United States. O'Sullivan was an influential political writer and advocate for the Democratic Party at that time, but he faded...
- Title: Chargé d'Affaires
- Appointed: February 16, 1854
- Presented credentials: June 16, 1854
- Terminated mission: Promoted to Minister Resident June 29, 1854

John L. O'Sullivan
John L. O'Sullivan
John Louis O'Sullivan was an American columnist and editor who used the term "Manifest Destiny" in 1845 to promote the annexation of Texas and the Oregon Country to the United States. O'Sullivan was an influential political writer and advocate for the Democratic Party at that time, but he faded...
- Title: Minister Resident
- Appointed: June 29, 1854
- Presented credentials: October 19, 1854
- Terminated mission: Presented recall, July 15, 1858

George W. Morgan
George W. Morgan
George Washington Morgan was an American soldier, lawyer, politician, and diplomat. He fought in the Texas Revolution and the Mexican-American War, and was a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War...
- Title: Minister Resident
- Appointed: May 11, 1858
- Presented credentials: July 15, 1858
- Terminated mission: Presented recall, July 19, 1861

James E. Harvey
- Title: Minister Resident
- Appointed: March 28, 1861
- Presented credentials: July 19, 1861
- Terminated mission: Presented recall, July 15, 1869

Samuel Shellabarger
Samuel Shellabarger (congressman)
Samuel Shellabarger was a U.S. Representative from Ohio.Born near Enon, Ohio, Shellabarger attended the county schools and was graduated from Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, in 1841.He studied law....
- Title: Minister Resident
- Appointed: April 21, 1869
- Presented credentials: July 15, 1869
- Terminated mission: Relinquished charge, January 1, 1870

William Cumback
William Cumback
William Cumback was a U.S. Representative from Indiana.Born near Mount Carmel, Indiana, Cumback attended the common schools and was graduated from Miami University, Oxford, Ohio.He taught school two years....
- Title: Minister Resident
- Appointed: January 28, 1870
- Presented credentials: —
- Terminated mission: —

Charles H. Lewis
- Title: Minister Resident
- Appointed: March 15, 1870
- Presented credentials: June 15, 1870
- Terminated mission: Presented recall, April 8, 1875

Benjamin Moran
Benjamin Moran
Benjamin Moran worked at the United States Legation in London from 1853 to 1874.Moran first visited England in 1851...
- Title: Minister Resident
- Appointed: December 15, 1874
- Presented credentials: April 8, 1875
- Terminated mission: Presented recall, November 9, 1876

Benjamin Moran
Benjamin Moran
Benjamin Moran worked at the United States Legation in London from 1853 to 1874.Moran first visited England in 1851...
- Title: Chargé d'Affaires
- Appointed: August 15, 1876
- Presented credentials: November 15, 1876
- Terminated mission: Recall presented by successor, September 27, 1882

John M. Francis
- Title: Chargé d'Affaires
- Appointed: April 28, 1882
- Presented credentials: —
- Terminated mission: —

John M. Francis
- Title: Minister Resident/Consul General
- Appointed: July 7, 1882
- Presented credentials: October 5, 1882
- Terminated mission: Left post August 25, 1884

Lewis Richmond
- Title: Minister Resident/Consul General
- Appointed: July 4, 1884
- Presented credentials: October 23, 1884
- Terminated mission: Presented recall, May 7, 1885

Edward Parke Custis Lewis
Edward Parke Custis Lewis
Edward Parke Custis Lewis was a Confederate Army colonel, lawyer, legislator, and diplomat who served as United States Minister to Portugal from 1885 to 1889.-Biography:...
- Title: Minister Resident/Consul General
- Appointed: April 2, 1885
- Presented credentials: June 18, 1885
- Terminated mission: Presented recall, June 14, 1889

George B. Loring
George B. Loring
George Bailey Loring was a Member of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts.He attended Franklin Academy at Andover, Massachusetts and later briefly taught school. He graduated from Harvard University in 1838 and from the Harvard medical school in 1842. He practiced medicine...
- Title: Minister Resident/Consul General
- Appointed: March 30, 1889
- Presented credentials: August 29, 1889
- Terminated mission: Left post May 31, 1890

George S. Batcheller
- Title: Minister Resident/Consul General
- Appointed: October 1, 1890
- Presented credentials: December 30, 1890
- Terminated mission: Left post August 17, 1892

Gilbert A. Pierce
Gilbert A. Pierce
Gilbert Ashville Pierce was an author, journalist, playwright, and a member of the Indiana state legislature, the eighth Governor of Dakota Territory, and representative for North Dakota in the United States Senate....
- Title: Minister Resident/Consul General
- Appointed: January 6, 1893
- Presented credentials: March 20, 1893
- Terminated mission: Presented recall, May 24, 1893

Note: In 1893 the rank of the U.S. representative in Lisbon was raised to Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary.

George William Caruth
- Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: April 25, 1893
- Presented credentials: June 30, 1893
- Terminated mission: Presented recall, July 24, 1897

Lawrence Townsend
Lawrence Townsend
Lawrence Townsend was an American diplomat and later in life, after his retirement from government service, a business executive in Washington, DC....
- Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: June 9, 1897
- Presented credentials: August 18, 1897
- Terminated mission: Presented recall, May 29, 1899

John N. Irwin
John N. Irwin
John Nichol Irwin was an American businessman, politician and diplomat. Among the positions he held were Mayor of Keokuk, Iowa, Governor of Idaho Territory, Governor of Arizona Territory, and U.S...
- Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: April 12, 1899
- Presented credentials: December 26, 1899
- Terminated mission: Left post May 15, 1900

Francis B. Loomis
Francis B. Loomis
Francis Butler Loomis began his career as a newspaperman in his hometown of Marietta, Ohio, editing the Marietta Leader while a student at Marietta College. A year following his graduation in 1883, Loomis became a reporter for the New York Tribune and later assumed a campaign press relations...
- Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: June 17, 1901
- Presented credentials: August 14, 1901
- Terminated mission: Left post September 16, 1902

Charles Page Bryan
Charles Page Bryan
Charles Page Bryan was an American lawyer and diplomat.Bryan was born in Chicago, Illinois, on October 2, 1856. He received his preparatory education in that city, subsequently becoming a student at the University of Virginia and later taking his degree in law at Columbian University , Washington,...
- Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: January 7, 1903
- Presented credentials: April 25, 1903
- Terminated mission: Left post January 16, 1910

Henry T. Gage
- Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: December 21, 1909
- Presented credentials: June 11, 1910
- Terminated mission: Left post November 19, 1910

Henry S. Boutell
- Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: March 2, 1911
- Presented credentials: —
- Terminated mission: —

Edwin V. Morgan
- Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: May 24, 1911
- Presented credentials: August 3, 1911
- Terminated mission: Left post February 11, 1912

Cyrus E. Woods
- Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: January 25, 1912
- Presented credentials: March 20, 1912
- Terminated mission: Presented recall, August 19, 1913

Meredith Nicholson
Meredith Nicholson
Meredith Nicholson was a best-selling author from Indiana, United States, a politician, and a diplomat.-Biography:...
- Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: Not commissioned
- Presented credentials: —
- Terminated mission: —

Thomas H. Birch – Political appointee
- Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: September 10, 1913
- Presented credentials: December 15, 1913
- Terminated mission: Left post March 15, 1922

Fred Morris Dearing
Fred Morris Dearing
Fred Morris Dearing was a United States diplomat.-Biography:Fred Morris Dearing was born in Columbia, Missouri on November 19, 1879....

– Career FSO
- Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: February 10, 1922
- Presented credentials: June 6, 1922
- Terminated mission: Relinquished charge, February 28, 1930

John Glover South – Political appointee
- Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: December 16, 1929
- Presented credentials: March 26, 1930
- Terminated mission: Left post July 28, 1933

Robert Granville Caldwell – Political appointee
- Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: June 13, 1933
- Presented credentials: August 21, 1933
- Terminated mission: Left post May 28, 1937

Herbert Claiborne Pell
Herbert Pell
Herbert Claiborne Pell, Jr. was a United States Representative from New York, U.S. Minister to Portugal, U.S. Minister to Hungary, and an instigator and member of the United Nations War Crimes Commission....

– Political appointee
- Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: May 27, 1937
- Presented credentials: July 31, 1937
- Terminated mission: Left post February 3, 1941

Bert Fish
Bert Fish
Bert Fish was an American judge, real-estate operator, finance director, philanthropist, and ambassador.-Early life:Fish originally hailed from Bedford, Indiana, but moved to Volusia County, Florida in 1881...

– Political appointee
- Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: February 11, 1941
- Presented credentials: March 26, 1941
- Terminated mission: Died at post July 21, 1943

R. Henry Norweb – Career FSO
- Title: Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: November 15, 1943
- Presented credentials: December 3, 1943
- Terminated mission: Promoted to Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary May 4, 1944

Note: In May 1944 the rank of the envoy to Portugal was raised to Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary.

R. Henry Norweb – Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: May 4, 1944
- Presented credentials: June 20, 1944
- Terminated mission: Left post February 15, 1945

Herman B. Baruch – Political appointee
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: February 9, 1945
- Presented credentials: April 12, 1945
- Terminated mission: Left post March 9, 1947

John C. Wiley – Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: April 10, 1947
- Presented credentials: June 18, 1947
- Terminated mission: Left post March 15, 1948

Lincoln MacVeagh
Lincoln MacVeagh
Lincoln MacVeagh was a distinguished United States soldier, diplomat, businessman, and archaeologist. He served a long career as the United States ambassador to several countries during difficult times.-MacVeagh family:...

– Political appointee
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: April 8, 1948
- Presented credentials: June 9, 1948
- Terminated mission: Left post February 26, 1952

Cavendish W. Cannon
Cavendish W. Cannon
Cavendish Wells Cannon was a long-time United States foreign service officer and diplomat.During World War II Cavendish served as the Assistant Chief of the State Department's Division of Southern European Affairs. For a time Cannon's work took him to Syria.He served as U.S...

– Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: March 13, 1952
- Presented credentials: June 2, 1952
- Terminated mission: Left post August 1, 1953

M. Robert Guggenheim – Political appointee
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: June 24, 1953
- Presented credentials: August 12, 1953
- Terminated mission: Left post September 19, 1954

James C. H. Bonbright – Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: January 24, 1955
- Presented credentials: February 18, 1955
- Terminated mission: Left post November 27, 1958

C. Burke Elbrick
Charles Burke Elbrick
Charles Burke Elbrick, , was a United States diplomat and career foreign service officer. During his career, he served three ambassadorships in various parts of the world, in addition to many other minor postings.Elbrick was the son of Charles Elbrick and his Irish wife, Lillian Burke...

– Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: October 29, 1958
- Presented credentials: January 13, 1959
- Terminated mission: Left post August 31, 1963

George W. Anderson, Jr. – Political appointee
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: August 1, 1963
- Presented credentials: October 22, 1963
- Terminated mission: Left post June 1, 1966

W. Tapley Bennett, Jr. – Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: May 10, 1966
- Presented credentials: July 20, 1966
- Terminated mission: Left post July 21, 1969

Ridgway B. Knight
Ridgway B. Knight
Ridgway Brewster Knight was an American diplomat who served as Ambassador to Syria , Belgium and Portugal ....

– Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: July 8, 1969
- Presented credentials: July 30, 1969
- Terminated mission: Left post February 24, 1973

Stuart Nash Scott
Stuart Nash Scott
For the sportscaster, see Stuart Scott. For the aviator, see Blanche Stuart Scott.Stuart Nash Scott was United States Ambassador to Portugal from 1973 to 1975.-Biography:...

– Political appointee
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: December 19, 1973
- Presented credentials: January 23, 1974
- Terminated mission: Left post January 12, 1975

Frank C. Carlucci – Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: December 9, 1974
- Presented credentials: January 24, 1975
- Terminated mission: Left post February 5, 1978

Richard J. Bloomfield – Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: February 3, 1978
- Presented credentials: March 10, 1978
- Terminated mission: Left post June 10, 1982

Henry Allen Holmes – Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: September 23, 1982
- Presented credentials: October 15, 1982
- Terminated mission: Left post June 26, 1985

Frank Shakespeare
Frank Shakespeare
Francis J. Shakespeare is a former American diplomat and media executive. He was the president of CBS Television before entering public service. He served as the United States Ambassador to Portugal from 1985 to 1986 and the United States Ambassador to the Holy See from 1986 to 1989...

– Political appointee
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: August 2, 1985
- Presented credentials: October 16, 1985
- Terminated mission: Left post October 4, 1986

Richard N. Viets
Richard Noyes Viets
Richard Noyes Viets represented the United States as Ambassador to Tanzania in 1979, Jordan in 1981, and Jordan in 1997.-External links:**...

– Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: Not commissioned
- Presented credentials: —
- Terminated mission: —

Note: Between December 1986 and January 1988, the following two persons acted as Chargé d'Affaires ad interim at the embassy in Lisbon:
- Alan Flanigan (December 1986–August 1987)
- Wesley W. Egan (August 1987–January 1988)

Edward Morgan Rowell – Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: January 19, 1988
- Presented credentials: January 29, 1988
- Terminated mission: Left post March 30, 1990

Everett Ellis Briggs
Everett Ellis Briggs
Everett Ellis Briggs is a United States diplomat.Briggs was born in Havana, Cuba in 1934. He is an alumnus of Dartmouth College....

– Career FSO
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: April 1, 1990
- Presented credentials: May 25, 1990
- Terminated mission: Left post September 3, 1993

Note: Sharon P. Wilkinson served as Chargé d'Affaires ad interim, September 1993–September 1994.

Elizabeth Frawley Bagley
Elizabeth Frawley Bagley
Elizabeth Frawley Bagley is an attorney specializing in trade and international law, a diplomat, and a major Democratic party donor and fundraiser.-Life:...

– Political appointee
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: July 5, 1994
- Presented credentials: September 21, 1994
- Terminated mission: Left post October 3, 1997

Gerald S. McGowan
Gerald S. McGowan
Gerald Stephen "Jerry" McGowan is an American lawyer, and diplomat. He was appointed United States Ambassador to Portugal on November 10, 1997, and was sworn in by Vice President Al Gore. He presented his credentials in Lisbon, Portugal on March 19, 1998 and left his post on July 3, 2001...

– Political appointee
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: November 10, 1997
- Presented credentials: March 10, 1998
- Terminated mission: Left post July 3, 2001

John N. Palmer – Political appointee
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: November 5, 2001
- Presented credentials: November 28, 2001
- Terminated mission: Left post September 25, 2004

Alfred Hoffman, Jr. – Political appointee
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: October 12, 2005
- Presented credentials: November 30, 2005
- Terminated mission: Left post, September 15, 2007

Thomas F. Stephenson – Political appointee
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: October 29, 2007
- Presented credentials: February 8, 2008
- Terminated mission: June 2009

Allan J. Katz – Political appointee
- Title: Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary
- Appointed: March 26, 2010
- Presented credentials: April 28, 2010
- Terminated mission: Incumbent

External links

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Ambassadors

See also

External links