United Nations Security Council Resolution 2000
Encyclopedia
United Nations
Security Council Resolution
2000, adopted unanimously on July 27, 2011, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in Côte d'Ivoire
(Ivory Coast), including resolutions 1933
(2010), 1942
(2010), 1951
(2010), 1962
(2010), 1967
(2011), 1968
(2011), 1975
(2011), 1980
(2011), 1981
(2011) and 1992
(2011), and Resolution 1938
(2010) on the situation in Liberia
, the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Operation in Côte d'Ivoire
(UNOCI) until July 31, 2012.
The decision to extend UNOCI's mandate was taken in light of the political crisis in 2010-2011
.
wished to open an investigation into possible war crime
s and crimes against humanity in Côte d'Ivoire since November 28, 2010. Furthermore, the establishment of the Forces républicaines de Côte d'Ivoire (FRCI) replacing the Forces de sécurité et de défense de Côte d’Ivoire (FDSCI) was acknowledged, in addition to the establishment of a Dialogue, Truth and Reconciliation Commission.
Meanwhile, Council members were aware that there was a high risk of violence against the civilian population, notably by former members of the Republican Guard, militas, mercenaries
, escaped prisoners and others. In this context, all violations of human rights
and international humanitarian law
were condemned.
, the mandate
of UNOCI–at its current size of 9,792 troops, 1,350 police and customs officers–was extended until the end of July 2012, along with that of the supporting French
forces. The number of police personnel was increased by 205 advisors. The Council stated that such measures were necessary for the "stabilisation of Côte d'Ivoire".
The resolution then address the mandate of UNOCI, which included references to:
UNOCI was given "all necessary means" to carry out its mandate.
The remainder of the resolution called for further reform and to ensure that the detention of former President Laurent Gbagbo
and others was in line with international law
. Finally, the Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon
was requested to provide reports on the situation in Côte d'Ivoire.
United Nations
The United Nations is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and achievement of world peace...
Security Council Resolution
United Nations Security Council Resolution
A United Nations Security Council resolution is a UN resolution adopted by the fifteen members of the Security Council; the UN body charged with "primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security"....
2000, adopted unanimously on July 27, 2011, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in Côte d'Ivoire
Côte d'Ivoire
The Republic of Côte d'Ivoire or Ivory Coast is a country in West Africa. It has an area of , and borders the countries Liberia, Guinea, Mali, Burkina Faso and Ghana; its southern boundary is along the Gulf of Guinea. The country's population was 15,366,672 in 1998 and was estimated to be...
(Ivory Coast), including resolutions 1933
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1933
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1933, adopted unanimously on June 30, 2010, after reaffirming resolutions 1893 , 1911 and 1924 on the situation in Côte d'Ivoire and Resolution 1885 on the situation in Liberia, the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Operation in Côte...
(2010), 1942
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1942
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1942, adopted unanimously on September 29, 2010, after recalling Resolution 1933 on the situation in Côte d'Ivoire , the Council increased the military and police contingents of the United Nations Operation in Côte d'Ivoire .The Security Council recalled...
(2010), 1951
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1951
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1951, adopted unanimously on November 24, 2010, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in Côte d'Ivoire and the subregion, the Council authorised a temporary re-deployment of support from the United Nations Mission in Liberia to the United...
(2010), 1962
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1962
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1962, adopted unanimously on December 20, 2010, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in Côte d'Ivoire , including resolutions 1893 , 1911 , 1924 , 1933 , 1942 , 1946 and 1951 , the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations...
(2010), 1967
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1967
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1967, adopted unanimously on January 19, 2011, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in Côte d'Ivoire , including resolutions 1933 , 1942 , 1946 , 1951 and 1962 , the Council increased the number of forces in the United Nations Operation...
(2011), 1968
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1968
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1968, adopted unanimously on February 16, 2011, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in Côte d'Ivoire , including resolutions 1933 , 1942 , 1946 , 1951 , 1962 and 1967 , the Council extended the deployment of troops from the United...
(2011), 1975
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1975
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1975, adopted unanimously on March 30, 2011, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in Côte d'Ivoire , including resolutions 1572 , 1893 , 1911 , 1924 , 1933 , 1942 , 1946 , 1951 , 1962 , 1967 and 1968 , the Council demanded that Laurent...
(2011), 1980
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1980
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1980, adopted unanimously on April 28, 2011, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in Côte d'Ivoire , including resolutions 1880 , 1893 , 1911 , 1933 , 1946 , 1962 and 1975 , the Council extended an arms embargo, ban on the trade of...
(2011), 1981
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1981
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1981, adopted unanimously on May 13, 2011, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in Côte d'Ivoire , including resolutions 1933 , 1942 , 1946 , 1951 , 1962 , 1967 , 1968 , 1975 and 1980 , the Council extended the mandate of the United...
(2011) and 1992
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1992
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1992, adopted unanimously on June 29, 2011, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in Côte d'Ivoire , including resolutions 1933 , 1942 , 1951 , 1962 , 1967 , 1968 , 1975 , 1980 and 1981 , the Council extended the temporary re-deployment of...
(2011), and Resolution 1938
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1938
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1938, adopted unanimously on September 15, 2010, after recalling previous resolutions on the situation in Liberia, including resolutions 1509 , 1626 , 1836 and 1885 , the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in Liberia for a further...
(2010) on the situation in Liberia
Liberia
Liberia , officially the Republic of Liberia, is a country in West Africa. It is bordered by Sierra Leone on the west, Guinea on the north and Côte d'Ivoire on the east. Liberia's coastline is composed of mostly mangrove forests while the more sparsely populated inland consists of forests that open...
, the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Operation in Côte d'Ivoire
United Nations Operation in Côte d'Ivoire
The United Nations Operation in Côte d'Ivoire is a peacekeeping mission whose objective is "to facilitate the implementation by the Ivorian parties of the peace agreement signed by them in January 2003"...
(UNOCI) until July 31, 2012.
The decision to extend UNOCI's mandate was taken in light of the political crisis in 2010-2011
2010–2011 Ivorian crisis
The 2010–11 Ivorian crisis was a political crisis in Côte d'Ivoire which began after Laurent Gbagbo, the President of Côte d'Ivoire since 2000, was proclaimed the winner of the Ivorian election of 2010, the first election in the country in 10 years...
.
Observations
The preamble of the resolution noted that the International Criminal CourtInternational Criminal Court
The International Criminal Court is a permanent tribunal to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression .It came into being on 1 July 2002—the date its founding treaty, the Rome Statute of the...
wished to open an investigation into possible war crime
War crime
War crimes are serious violations of the laws applicable in armed conflict giving rise to individual criminal responsibility...
s and crimes against humanity in Côte d'Ivoire since November 28, 2010. Furthermore, the establishment of the Forces républicaines de Côte d'Ivoire (FRCI) replacing the Forces de sécurité et de défense de Côte d’Ivoire (FDSCI) was acknowledged, in addition to the establishment of a Dialogue, Truth and Reconciliation Commission.
Meanwhile, Council members were aware that there was a high risk of violence against the civilian population, notably by former members of the Republican Guard, militas, mercenaries
Mercenary
A mercenary, is a person who takes part in an armed conflict based on the promise of material compensation rather than having a direct interest in, or a legal obligation to, the conflict itself. A non-conscript professional member of a regular army is not considered to be a mercenary although he...
, escaped prisoners and others. In this context, all violations of human rights
Human rights
Human rights are "commonly understood as inalienable fundamental rights to which a person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being." Human rights are thus conceived as universal and egalitarian . These rights may exist as natural rights or as legal rights, in both national...
and international humanitarian law
International humanitarian law
International humanitarian law , often referred to as the laws of war, the laws and customs of war or the law of armed conflict, is the legal corpus that comprises "the Geneva Conventions and the Hague Conventions, as well as subsequent treaties, case law, and customary international law." It...
were condemned.
Acts
Acting under Chapter VII of the United Nations CharterChapter VII of the United Nations Charter
Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter sets out the UN Security Council's powers to maintain peace. It allows the Council to "determine the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression" and to take military and nonmilitary action to "restore international peace...
, the mandate
Mandate (international law)
In international law, a mandate is a binding obligation issued from an inter-governmental organization like the United Nations to a country which is bound to follow the instructions of the organization....
of UNOCI–at its current size of 9,792 troops, 1,350 police and customs officers–was extended until the end of July 2012, along with that of the supporting French
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
forces. The number of police personnel was increased by 205 advisors. The Council stated that such measures were necessary for the "stabilisation of Côte d'Ivoire".
The resolution then address the mandate of UNOCI, which included references to:
- the protection of civilians;
- addressing security and border threats;
- monitoring the arms embargoArms embargoAn arms embargo is an embargo that applies to weaponry. It may also include "dual use" items. An arms embargo may serve one or more purposes:# to signal disapproval of behavior by a certain actor,# to maintain neutral standing in an ongoing conflict, or...
against the country; - collecting weaponWeaponA weapon, arm, or armament is a tool or instrument used with the aim of causing damage or harm to living beings or artificial structures or systems...
s; - assisting with the disarmamentDisarmamentDisarmament is the act of reducing, limiting, or abolishing weapons. Disarmament generally refers to a country's military or specific type of weaponry. Disarmament is often taken to mean total elimination of weapons of mass destruction, such as nuclear arms...
, demobilisation and reintegrationSocial integrationSocial integration, in sociology and other social sciences, is the movement of minority groups such as ethnic minorities, refugees and underprivileged sections of a society into the mainstream of societies...
programme; - reform of the security and rule of lawRule of lawThe rule of law, sometimes called supremacy of law, is a legal maxim that says that governmental decisions should be made by applying known principles or laws with minimal discretion in their application...
institutions; - promoting human rightsHuman rightsHuman rights are "commonly understood as inalienable fundamental rights to which a person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being." Human rights are thus conceived as universal and egalitarian . These rights may exist as natural rights or as legal rights, in both national...
; - supporting humanitarian assistance;
- supporting electionsElections in Côte d'Ivoire2000 Elections in Côte d'Ivoire gives information on election and election results in Côte d'Ivoire.Côte d'Ivoire elects on national level a head of state - the president - and a legislature. The president is elected for a five year term by the people...
; - public information;
- extending the authority of the state throughout the country;
- implementation of the peace process;
- protecting United Nations personnel.
UNOCI was given "all necessary means" to carry out its mandate.
The remainder of the resolution called for further reform and to ensure that the detention of former President Laurent Gbagbo
Laurent Gbagbo
Laurent Koudou Gbagbo served as the fourth President of Côte d'Ivoire from 2000 until his arrest in April 2011. A historian by profession, he is also an amateur chemist and physicist....
and others was in line with international law
International law
Public international law concerns the structure and conduct of sovereign states; analogous entities, such as the Holy See; and intergovernmental organizations. To a lesser degree, international law also may affect multinational corporations and individuals, an impact increasingly evolving beyond...
. Finally, the Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon
Ban Ki-moon
Ban Ki-moon is the eighth and current Secretary-General of the United Nations, after succeeding Kofi Annan in 2007. Before going on to be Secretary-General, Ban was a career diplomat in South Korea's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and in the United Nations. He entered diplomatic service the year he...
was requested to provide reports on the situation in Côte d'Ivoire.
See also
- 2010–2011 Ivorian crisis2010–2011 Ivorian crisisThe 2010–11 Ivorian crisis was a political crisis in Côte d'Ivoire which began after Laurent Gbagbo, the President of Côte d'Ivoire since 2000, was proclaimed the winner of the Ivorian election of 2010, the first election in the country in 10 years...
- First Ivorian Civil War
- Ivorian parliamentary election, 2011
- Ivorian presidential election, 2010
- List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1901 to 2000 (2009 – 2011)
- Operation Unicorn
- Second Ivorian Civil WarSecond Ivorian Civil WarThe Second Ivorian Civil War broke out in March 2011 when the crisis in Côte d'Ivoire escalated into full-scale military conflict between forces loyal to Laurent Gbagbo, the President of Côte d'Ivoire since 2000, and supporters of the internationally recognised president-elect Alassane Ouattara...