United Nations Security Council Resolution 1345
Encyclopedia
United Nations Security Council resolution
1345, adopted unanimously on 21 March 2001, after reaffirming resolutions 1160
(1998), 1199
(1998), 1203
(2000), 1239
(1999) and 1244
(1999) on the situation in the former Yugoslavia
, the Council condemned exteremist violence and terrorist activities in parts of Macedonia
and southern Serbia
and called upon Kosovo Albanian
leaders to condemn the violence.
The Security Council welcomed steps taken by the Government of Macedonia to consolidate a multiethnic society
within its borders. It also welcomed plans by the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro
) to peacefully resolve the crisis in southern Serbia. Furthermore, the efforts of both governments, the European Union
, NATO, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
(OSCE), the Kosovo Force (KFOR) and United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo
(UNMIK) to prevent the escalation of ethnic tensions and manage the security situation in the region were welcomed.
The resolution, initiated by Russia
, condemned exteremist violence and terrorist activities in Macedonia and southern Serbia and noted that it had support from ethnic Albanian extremists outside these areas. It demanded all individuals engaged in armed actions against authorities in these states immediately disarm
and all differences had to be resolved through dialogue. All parties had to act with restraint with respect for human rights and in accordance with international humanitarian law
.
The Council appreciated efforts by Albania
to promote peace in the region and isolate extremists
. Kosovo Albanian political leaders and ethnic Albanian leaders elsewhere were called upon to publicly condemn violence and ethnic hatred
. The efforts of KFOR to implement its mandate
were welcomed and the international community
was called upon to consider ways in which they could help efforts in the region. Finally, all states were asked to respect the sovereignty
and territorial integrity
of other states in the region.
United Nations Security Council Resolution
A United Nations Security Council resolution is a UN resolution adopted by the fifteen members of the Security Council; the UN body charged with "primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security"....
1345, adopted unanimously on 21 March 2001, after reaffirming resolutions 1160
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1160
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1160, adopted on March 31, 1998, after noting the situation in Kosovo, the Council, acting under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, imposed an arms embargo on the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia .Some countries had suggested a comprehensive arms...
(1998), 1199
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1199
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1199, adopted on September 23, 1998, after recalling Resolution 1160 , the Council demanded that the Albanian and Yugoslav parties in Kosovo end hostilities and observe a ceasefire....
(1998), 1203
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1203
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1203, adopted on October 24, 1998, after recalling resolutions 1160 and 1199 on Kosovo, the Council demanded that the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia comply with previous Security Council resolutions and co-operate with the NATO and Organization for...
(2000), 1239
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1239
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1239, adopted on May 14, 1999, after recalling resolutions 1160 , 1199 and 1203 , the Council called for access for the United Nations and other humanitarian personnel operating in Kosovo to other parts of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia .The Security...
(1999) and 1244
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244, adopted on June 10, 1999, after recalling resolutions 1160 , 1199 , 1203 and 1239 , authorised an international civil and military presence in Kosovo ) and established the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo .Resolution...
(1999) on the situation in the former Yugoslavia
Former Yugoslavia
The former Yugoslavia is a term used to describe the present day states which succeeded the collapse of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia....
, the Council condemned exteremist violence and terrorist activities in parts of Macedonia
Republic of Macedonia
Macedonia , officially the Republic of Macedonia , is a country located in the central Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. It is one of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, from which it declared independence in 1991...
and southern Serbia
Serbia
Serbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, covering the southern part of the Carpathian basin and the central part of the Balkans...
and called upon Kosovo Albanian
Albanians in Kosovo
Albanians are the largest ethnic group in Kosovo . According to the 1991 Serbian census, boycotted by Albanians, there were 1,596,072 ethnic Albanians in Kosovo or 81.6% of population...
leaders to condemn the violence.
The Security Council welcomed steps taken by the Government of Macedonia to consolidate a multiethnic society
Multiethnic society
A multiethnic society is one with members belonging to more than one ethnic group, in contrast to societies which are ethnically homogenous. In practice, virtually all contemporary national societies are multiethnic...
within its borders. It also welcomed plans by the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro
Serbia and Montenegro
Serbia and Montenegro was a country in southeastern Europe, formed from two former republics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia : Serbia and Montenegro. Following the breakup of Yugoslavia, it was established in 1992 as a federation called the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia...
) to peacefully resolve the crisis in southern Serbia. Furthermore, the efforts of both governments, the European Union
European Union
The European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community , formed by six countries in 1958...
, NATO, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe is the world's largest security-oriented intergovernmental organization. Its mandate includes issues such as arms control, human rights, freedom of the press and fair elections...
(OSCE), the Kosovo Force (KFOR) and United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo
United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo
The United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo or UNMIK is the interim civilian administration in Kosovo, under the authority of the United Nations. The mission was established on 10 June 1999 by Security Council Resolution 1244...
(UNMIK) to prevent the escalation of ethnic tensions and manage the security situation in the region were welcomed.
The resolution, initiated by Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, condemned exteremist violence and terrorist activities in Macedonia and southern Serbia and noted that it had support from ethnic Albanian extremists outside these areas. It demanded all individuals engaged in armed actions against authorities in these states immediately disarm
Disarmament
Disarmament is the act of reducing, limiting, or abolishing weapons. Disarmament generally refers to a country's military or specific type of weaponry. Disarmament is often taken to mean total elimination of weapons of mass destruction, such as nuclear arms...
and all differences had to be resolved through dialogue. All parties had to act with restraint with respect for human rights and in accordance with international humanitarian law
International humanitarian law
International humanitarian law , often referred to as the laws of war, the laws and customs of war or the law of armed conflict, is the legal corpus that comprises "the Geneva Conventions and the Hague Conventions, as well as subsequent treaties, case law, and customary international law." It...
.
The Council appreciated efforts by Albania
Albania
Albania , officially known as the Republic of Albania , is a country in Southeastern Europe, in the Balkans region. It is bordered by Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, the Republic of Macedonia to the east and Greece to the south and southeast. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea...
to promote peace in the region and isolate extremists
Extremism
Extremism is any ideology or political act far outside the perceived political center of a society; or otherwise claimed to violate common moral standards...
. Kosovo Albanian political leaders and ethnic Albanian leaders elsewhere were called upon to publicly condemn violence and ethnic hatred
Ethnic hatred
Ethnic hatred, inter-ethnic hatred, racial hatred, or ethnic tension refers to feelings and acts of prejudice and hostility towards an ethnic group in various degrees. See list of anti-ethnic and anti-national terms for specific cases....
. The efforts of KFOR to implement its mandate
Mandate (international law)
In international law, a mandate is a binding obligation issued from an inter-governmental organization like the United Nations to a country which is bound to follow the instructions of the organization....
were welcomed and the international community
International community
The international community is a term used in international relations to refer to all peoples, cultures and governments of the world or to a group of them. The term is used to imply the existence of common duties and obligations between them...
was called upon to consider ways in which they could help efforts in the region. Finally, all states were asked to respect the sovereignty
Sovereignty
Sovereignty is the quality of having supreme, independent authority over a geographic area, such as a territory. It can be found in a power to rule and make law that rests on a political fact for which no purely legal explanation can be provided...
and territorial integrity
Territorial integrity
Territorial integrity is the principle under international law that nation-states should not attempt to promote secessionist movements or to promote border changes in other nation-states...
of other states in the region.
See also
- Kosovo WarKosovo WarThe term Kosovo War or Kosovo conflict was two sequential, and at times parallel, armed conflicts in Kosovo province, then part of FR Yugoslav Republic of Serbia; from early 1998 to 1999, there was an armed conflict initiated by the ethnic Albanian "Kosovo Liberation Army" , who sought independence...
- List of United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1301 to 1400 (2000–2002)
- National Liberation Army