Tsentralna Rada
Encyclopedia
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
. According to the Soviet encyclopedia it was a counter-revolutionary united body of bourgeoisie and minor-bourgeoisie nationalistic parties in Ukraine from 1917-1918.
Overview
From its beginning the council directed the Ukrainian national movement and with its four Universals led the country from autonomy to full sovereignty. During its brief existence from 1917 to 1918, the Central Rada, which was headed by the Ukrainian historian and ethnologist Mykhailo HrushevskyMykhailo Hrushevsky
Mykhailo Serhiyovych Hrushevsky was a Ukrainian academician, politician, historian, and statesman, one of the most important figures of the Ukrainian national revival of the early 20th century...
, evolved into the fundamental governing institution of the Ukrainian People's Republic and set precedents in parliamentary democracy and national independence
Independence
Independence is a condition of a nation, country, or state in which its residents and population, or some portion thereof, exercise self-government, and usually sovereignty, over its territory....
that were never completely forgotten during Soviet times and are still remembered today.
Establishment
The Central Rada was founded in KievKiev
Kiev or Kyiv is the capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River. The population as of the 2001 census was 2,611,300. However, higher numbers have been cited in the press....
on March 17 (old style 4), 1917 by the initiative of the Society of Ukrainian Progressionists with participation of various Ukrainian political parties, Ukrainian military activists, workers, religious activists, students, entrepreneurs, public and cultural organizations such as the Ukrainian Science Association, the Ukrainian Pedagogic Association, the Association of Ukrainian Technicians and Agriculturists, etc. M. Hrushevsky
Mykhailo Hrushevsky
Mykhailo Serhiyovych Hrushevsky was a Ukrainian academician, politician, historian, and statesman, one of the most important figures of the Ukrainian national revival of the early 20th century...
was elected as the Head of the Rada while V.Naumenko, Dmytro Doroshenko
Dmytro Doroshenko
Dmytro Doroshenko was a prominent Ukrainian political figure during the revolution of 1917-1918 and a leading Ukrainian emigre historian during the inter-war period.-Political career:...
, and Dmytro Antonovych
Dmytro Antonovych
Dmytro Antonovych was a Ukrainian politician and art historian.Professor Dmytro Antonovych was the son of a Ukrainian historian Volodymyr Antonovych, the husband of Kateryna Antonovych, the father of Marko Antonovych and Mykhailo Antonovych.In 1900–1905, he was one of the founders and leaders of...
were appointed as his deputies. On March 22, 1917 the Rada published its first declaration To the Ukrainian people for the support of the Russian Provisional Government
Russian Provisional Government
The Russian Provisional Government was the short-lived administrative body which sought to govern Russia immediately following the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II . On September 14, the State Duma of the Russian Empire was officially dissolved by the newly created Directorate, and the country was...
. When M. Hrushevsky
Mykhailo Hrushevsky
Mykhailo Serhiyovych Hrushevsky was a Ukrainian academician, politician, historian, and statesman, one of the most important figures of the Ukrainian national revival of the early 20th century...
assumed his duties on March 27, 1917, the Rada became an acting center of the Ukrainian national movement. But straight after the convocation of the All-Ukrainian National Congress, the Rada transformed into a sort of parliament that consisted of 150 people elected from the Ukrainian political parties, professional and cultural organizations and delegates from guberniya
Guberniya
A guberniya was a major administrative subdivision of the Russian Empire usually translated as government, governorate, or province. Such administrative division was preserved for sometime upon the collapse of the empire in 1917. A guberniya was ruled by a governor , a word borrowed from Latin ,...
's. During the national congress Hrushevsky was reelected as the chairman of the Rada, while the leaders of the most popular political parties Serhiy Yefremov
Serhiy Yefremov
Serhiy Yefremov was a Ukrainian literary journalist, historian, critic, political activist, statesman, and academician. He was a member of the Ukrainian Academy of Science and Shevchenko Scientific Society in Lviv...
and Volodymyr Vynnychenko
Volodymyr Vynnychenko
Volodymyr Kyrylovych Vynnychenko - Biography :Vynnychenko was born in Yelisavetgrad , the Kherson Governorate of the Russian Empire in a family of peasants. His father Kyrylo Vasyliovych Vynnychenko earlier in his life was a peasant-serf has moved from a village to the city of Yelisavetgrad where...
were appointed as his deputies.
During its lifetime there were nine plenary session
Plenary session
Plenary session is a term often used in conferences to define the part of the conference when all members of all parties are to attend.These sessions may contain a broad range of content from keynotes to panel discussions and are not necessarily related to a specific style of delivery.The term has...
s of the Central Rada: eight in 1917, one in 1918, and one extended session of the Mala Rada. Already prior to the First Ukrainian Universal the Central Rada was increased by 130 representatives that were delegated by II Military Congress (June 23, 1917) and 133 members of the Peasants' Deputies Council that were elected at the I All-Ukrainian Peasant's Congress (June 15, 1917).
Mala Rada
Mala Rada, or the Small Council, was the Central Executive Committee of the Cetral Rada. It was created in June 1917 and consisted of 30 members the members of the council's presidium, secretaries of the Rada, and two representatives from each political block. The Chairman of that council was elected Mykhailo HrushevskyMykhailo Hrushevsky
Mykhailo Serhiyovych Hrushevsky was a Ukrainian academician, politician, historian, and statesman, one of the most important figures of the Ukrainian national revival of the early 20th century...
who also held the position of the Chairman of the Central Rada. His deputies became Volodymyr Vynnychenko
Volodymyr Vynnychenko
Volodymyr Kyrylovych Vynnychenko - Biography :Vynnychenko was born in Yelisavetgrad , the Kherson Governorate of the Russian Empire in a family of peasants. His father Kyrylo Vasyliovych Vynnychenko earlier in his life was a peasant-serf has moved from a village to the city of Yelisavetgrad where...
and Serhiy Yefremov
Serhiy Yefremov
Serhiy Yefremov was a Ukrainian literary journalist, historian, critic, political activist, statesman, and academician. He was a member of the Ukrainian Academy of Science and Shevchenko Scientific Society in Lviv...
.
All important matters were addressed at meetings of the Mala Rada in the first place and later the designed projects were ratified at the plenum
Plenary session
Plenary session is a term often used in conferences to define the part of the conference when all members of all parties are to attend.These sessions may contain a broad range of content from keynotes to panel discussions and are not necessarily related to a specific style of delivery.The term has...
of the Central Rada.
First and Second Universals
After the declaration of autonomy (First Ukrainian Universal, 10 June 1917) the Central Rada elected the General SecretariatGeneral Secretariat of Ukraine
The General Secretariat of Ukraine was the main executive institution of the Ukrainian People's Republic from June 28, 1917 to January 22, 1918.It closely related to the today's Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine...
, autonomous government of Ukraine consisting of eight secretariats. The Soviet Encyclopedia clearly points to the fact that the autonomy was declared in spite of the Provisional Government and then the Central Rada changed its mind and went on a compromise and postponement the declaration until the Constituent Assembly convention. The Soviet Encyclopedia did not disclose the details and the factors that took place at that particular time and accused the Rada in deception. While in fact the Russian Provisional Government
Russian Provisional Government
The Russian Provisional Government was the short-lived administrative body which sought to govern Russia immediately following the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II . On September 14, the State Duma of the Russian Empire was officially dissolved by the newly created Directorate, and the country was...
and Alexander Kerensky
Alexander Kerensky
Alexander Fyodorovich Kerensky was a major political leader before and during the Russian Revolutions of 1917.Kerensky served as the second Prime Minister of the Russian Provisional Government until Vladimir Lenin was elected by the All-Russian Congress of Soviets following the October Revolution...
, in particular, issued Instruktsiya on July 16, 1917 in which it was recognizing the regional autonomy and the General Secretariat
General Secretariat of Ukraine
The General Secretariat of Ukraine was the main executive institution of the Ukrainian People's Republic from June 28, 1917 to January 22, 1918.It closely related to the today's Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine...
although made substantial changes to the Rada's proposition and decided: "appoint as the supreme body of government of regional affairs in Ukraine a separate body, the General Secretariat
General Secretariat of Ukraine
The General Secretariat of Ukraine was the main executive institution of the Ukrainian People's Republic from June 28, 1917 to January 22, 1918.It closely related to the today's Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine...
, the composition of which will be determined in agreement with the Central Rada". According to the instruction the Secretariat was to be the representative body of the Provisional Government. Such respond really disappointed Volodymyr Vynnychenko
Volodymyr Vynnychenko
Volodymyr Kyrylovych Vynnychenko - Biography :Vynnychenko was born in Yelisavetgrad , the Kherson Governorate of the Russian Empire in a family of peasants. His father Kyrylo Vasyliovych Vynnychenko earlier in his life was a peasant-serf has moved from a village to the city of Yelisavetgrad where...
who protested it and dissolved his cabinet. After the acknowledgment by the Central Rada of the Provisional Government
Russian Provisional Government
The Russian Provisional Government was the short-lived administrative body which sought to govern Russia immediately following the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II . On September 14, the State Duma of the Russian Empire was officially dissolved by the newly created Directorate, and the country was...
Instruktsiya, the Rada issued its Second Universal confirming the agreement between both governments. The composition of the Rada also was increased by 100 representatives elected at the I All-Ukrainian Workers' Congress (July 24–27, 1917) and other representatives of minorities.
Texts of the Tsentralna Rada UniversalsText of the I Universal (author V.Vynnychenko
Volodymyr Vynnychenko
Volodymyr Kyrylovych Vynnychenko - Biography :Vynnychenko was born in Yelisavetgrad , the Kherson Governorate of the Russian Empire in a family of peasants. His father Kyrylo Vasyliovych Vynnychenko earlier in his life was a peasant-serf has moved from a village to the city of Yelisavetgrad where...
)Text of the II Universal
Soviet Encyclopedia outlook
The Soviet Encyclopedia also claims that the Rada took an aggressive opposition against the October Revolution
October Revolution
The October Revolution , also known as the Great October Socialist Revolution , Red October, the October Uprising or the Bolshevik Revolution, was a political revolution and a part of the Russian Revolution of 1917...
as well as the Kiev Bolshevik Uprising
Kiev Bolshevik Uprising
The Kiev Bolshevik Uprising was a military struggle for power in Kiev after the fall of the Russian Provisional Government due to the October Revolution, that ended with a victory for the Kievan Committee of the Bolshevik Party and the Central Rada.-Chronology of activities:On November 7, 1917...
. Then the Rada by pulling towards Kiev
Kiev
Kiev or Kyiv is the capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River. The population as of the 2001 census was 2,611,300. However, higher numbers have been cited in the press....
the nationalistic military units overtook the government and on November 13, occupied the city. Later in a week it declared itself the supreme government of the UNR (the Soviet Encyclopedia here used the words so called) and established the strict terrorist regime. December 25, 1917 the All-Ukrainian Congress of the Soviet Ukraine declared the Rada out of law while its participants organized the opposition government to the Rada.
The Soviet Encyclopedia failed to add the fact that the Kiev Uprising took place in the collaboration of the Bolshevik
Bolshevik
The Bolsheviks, originally also Bolshevists , derived from bol'shinstvo, "majority") were a faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party which split apart from the Menshevik faction at the Second Party Congress in 1903....
s and other parties that all were part of the Rada as well as what really happened on November 13 and then November 16.
Staff
By the end of July 1917 the Central Rada had formally 822 deputies (according to Pavlo KhrystiukPavlo Khrystiuk
Pavlo Khrystiuk was a Ukrainian cooperator, historian, journalist, political activist, and statesman.- Biography :...
). The members of it belonged to the following parties:
- All-Ukrainian Peasants' Deputies Council - 212
- All-Ukrainian Military Deputies Council - 158
- All-Ukrainian Workers' Deputies Council - 100
- Representatives of non-Ukrainian Workers' and Military Deputies Councils - 50
- Ukrainian Socialist Party - 20
- Russian Socialist Party - 40
- Jewish Socialist Parties FareynikteUnited Jewish Socialist Workers PartyUnited Jewish Socialist Workers Party was a political party in Poland and certain regions of the Russian Empire . Its followers were generally known simply for the first portion of the name Fareynikte - 'United'. Politically the party favored national personal autonomy for the Jewish community...
, Bundists, Poalei ZionistsJewish Social Democratic Labour Party (Poalei Zion)The Jewish Social Democratic Labour Party was a Zionist socialist political party in the Russian Empire. The party was founded in 1906. It was part of the international Poalei Zion movement. The party was illegal until 1917....
- 35 - Polish Socialist PartyPolish Socialist PartyThe Polish Socialist Party was one of the most important Polish left-wing political parties from its inception in 1892 until 1948...
- 15 - Representatives of cities and gubernias - 84
- Representatives of professional, educational, economical, public organizations, and other national minorities - 108
Out of these 822 people the Mala Rada was elected with 58 member including 18 members of various national minorities. From the initiative of the Central Rada in Kiev took place the congress of Russian nationalities 21–28 September 1917.
Fate of the Central Council members
All members of the council were proclaimed outlaws by the Soviet government of Ukraine in December 1917 as part of a national-bourgeois government. On January 29 1918 Bolshevist troops entered KievKiev
Kiev or Kyiv is the capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River. The population as of the 2001 census was 2,611,300. However, higher numbers have been cited in the press....
and declared a Soviet Coup d'etat. The Kiev garrison joined with the Soviets and deposed the Rada. Odoevsky
Alexander Odoevsky
Alexander Ivanovich Odoevsky was a Russian poet and playwright, one of the leading figures of the 1825 Decembrist revolt...
attempted to form a new government but was arrested. The Bolshevik
Bolshevik
The Bolsheviks, originally also Bolshevists , derived from bol'shinstvo, "majority") were a faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party which split apart from the Menshevik faction at the Second Party Congress in 1903....
s established Kharkov as the capital of the Soviets of the Ukraine.
Emigration
- Volodymyr VynnychenkoVolodymyr VynnychenkoVolodymyr Kyrylovych Vynnychenko - Biography :Vynnychenko was born in Yelisavetgrad , the Kherson Governorate of the Russian Empire in a family of peasants. His father Kyrylo Vasyliovych Vynnychenko earlier in his life was a peasant-serf has moved from a village to the city of Yelisavetgrad where...
, died in France - Khrystofor BaranovskyKhrystofor BaranovskyKhrystofor Baranovsky was born in the village of Nemyryntsi, Berdychiv uyezd, in the Kiev Governorate of the Russian Empire . Baranovsky held the chair of the General Secretariat together with Volodymyr Vynnychenko . He did not have any political affiliation...
, died in Brazil - Borys Martos, died in the United States
- Moishe Zilberfarb, died in Poland
- Mieczysław MickiewiczMieczysław MickiewiczMieczysław Mickiewicz was a Polish-Ukrainian politician.Mieczysław Mickiewicz served as the Deputy-Secretary of Polish Affairs in several cabinets of the Ukrainian People's Republic, also translated as the Ukrainian National Republic , headed by Volodymyr Vynnychenko .Then he served as voivode of...
, died in Poland - Oleksander Lototsky, died in Poland
- Oleksander Shulhyn, died in France
- Ivan Mirny, died in Czechoslovakia
- Mykola Porsh, died in Germany
- Mykola Kovalevsky, died in Austria
- Mykyta Shapoval, died in Czechoslovakia
- Dmytro AntonovychDmytro AntonovychDmytro Antonovych was a Ukrainian politician and art historian.Professor Dmytro Antonovych was the son of a Ukrainian historian Volodymyr Antonovych, the husband of Kateryna Antonovych, the father of Marko Antonovych and Mykhailo Antonovych.In 1900–1905, he was one of the founders and leaders of...
, died in Czechoslovakia - Nykyfor Hryhoriiv-Nash, died in the United States
- Mykhailo Yeremiiv, died in Switzerland
- Pavlo Zaitsev, died in Germany
- Volodymyr Kedrovsky, died in the United States
- Andri Livytsky, died in Germany
- Dmytro Chyzhevsky, died in Germany
- Yevhen Onatsky, died in Argentina
- Oleksander Slyvynsky, died in Canada
- Levko Chykalenko, died in the United States
- Andri Yakovliv, died in the United States
- Solomon Goldelman, died in Israel
- Kornel (Korni) Nishchemenko, died in the United States
- Viktor Prykhodko, died in the United States
- Kost Turkalo, died in the United States
- Panas Fedenko, died in Germany
- Dmytro Isayevych, died in Poland
- Metropolitan Ilarion (Ivan Ohienko)Metropolitan Ilarion (Ivan Ohienko)Metropolitan Ilarion was a Ukrainian Orthodox cleric, linguist, church historian, and historian of Ukrainian culture. In 1940 he was Archimandrite of the St...
, died in Canada - Vyacheslav ProkopovychVyacheslav ProkopovychVyacheslav Prokopovych was a Ukrainian politician and historian.Since 1905, he was a politician of the Ukrainian Democratic-Radical Party , established in Kiev. At the end of World War I, he was a member of the Ukrainian Party of Socialists-Federalists and Central Rada...
, died in France - Fedir Shvets, died in Czechoslovakia
- Valeria O'Connor-Vilinska, died in Czechoslovakia
- Sofia Rusova (Lindfors), died in Czechoslovakia
- Fedir Shtaingel (Theodor Steingel), died in Germany
- Yuri Tyshchenko, died in the United States
- Oleksander Salikovsky, died in Poland
- Zinaida Mirna (Khylchevska), died in Czechoslovakia
- Oleksander Vilinsky, died in Czechoslovakia
- Dmytro DoroshenkoDmytro DoroshenkoDmytro Doroshenko was a prominent Ukrainian political figure during the revolution of 1917-1918 and a leading Ukrainian emigre historian during the inter-war period.-Political career:...
, died in Germany - Mykhailo Korchynsky, died in Poland
GULAG (imprisonment)
- Pavlo KhrystiukPavlo KhrystiukPavlo Khrystiuk was a Ukrainian cooperator, historian, journalist, political activist, and statesman.- Biography :...
, died in SevvostlagSevvostlagSevvostlag was a system of forced labor camps set up to satisfy the workforce requirements of the Dalstroy construction trust in the Kolyma region in April 1932. Organizationally being part of Dalstroy and under the management of the Labor and Defence Council of Sovnarkom, these camps were... - Serhiy YefremovSerhiy YefremovSerhiy Yefremov was a Ukrainian literary journalist, historian, critic, political activist, statesman, and academician. He was a member of the Ukrainian Academy of Science and Shevchenko Scientific Society in Lviv...
, died in Vladimir city prison - Valentyn Sadovsky, died in Lukyanivska PrisonLukyanivska PrisonLukyanivska Prison , officially SIZO#13, is a famous historical prison in the Ukrainian capital Kiev, located in the central Lukyanivka neighborhood of the city. Though the facility is now functioning as a pre-conviction detention center it is still colloquially called a "prison"...
- Vsevolod HolubovychVsevolod HolubovychVsevolod Oleksandrovych Holubovych was born in the village of Poltavka, Balta uyezd, Podolie Governorate. Holubovych was the Prime Minister of the Ukrainian People's Republic from January to March.-Early period:...
, died in YaroslavlYaroslavlYaroslavl is a city and the administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located northeast of Moscow. The historical part of the city, a World Heritage Site, is located at the confluence of the Volga and the Kotorosl Rivers. It is one of the Golden Ring cities, a group of historic cities...
city prison - Vasyl Mazurenko, died near AlmatyAlmatyAlmaty , also known by its former names Verny and Alma-Ata , is the former capital of Kazakhstan and the nation's largest city, with a population of 1,348,500...
- Illya Shrag, died in Chernihiv (under house arrest)
- Kuzma Korzh, died in Kiev - shot by Cheka
- Kostyantyn Vasylenko, died in Vinnytsia - shot by Cheka
- Hryhori Holoskevych, died in Tomsk - suicide
- Anatoli Pisotsky, died in Mykolaiv Oblast
- Mykola (Hryhorovych) Levytsky, died in Krasnoyarsky Krai
- Mykola Chechel, died in Suzdal
- Arkadi Stepanenko, died in Kiev
- Mykola Tkachenko, died in Moscow
- Yuri Tyutyunyk, died in Moscow
- Fedir Kryzhanivsky, died in Kiev
- Mykhailo Poloz, died at Solovki
- Oleksander Shumsky, died at Solovki
- Mykola Vorony, died in Odessa
- Yuri Shapoval, died at Solovki
- Ivan Feshchenko-Chopivsky, died in Kozhvinski Raion (Komi Republic)
- Mykola Galagan, died in Lukyanivska PrisonLukyanivska PrisonLukyanivska Prison , officially SIZO#13, is a famous historical prison in the Ukrainian capital Kiev, located in the central Lukyanivka neighborhood of the city. Though the facility is now functioning as a pre-conviction detention center it is still colloquially called a "prison"...
- Maksym Slavinsky, died in Kiev Oblast NKVD prison #1
- Mykola Lyubynsky, died at Solovki
- Lyudmyla Starytska-Chernyakhivska, died in transit to Kazakhstan
- Mykola Simashkevych, died in Kiev
- Yevtykhi (Yavtukh) Harmash, died in Poltava
- Antin Drahomyretsky, died in Kharkiv
Assassinated (or killed in action)
- Symon Petliura, killed in Paris (1926)
- Ivan SteshenkoIvan SteshenkoIvan Steshenko was a Ukrainian civic and political activist, writer, translator, member of the Ukrainian government, and member of the Shevchenko Scientific Society. He had several pen-surnames: Serdeshny, Sichovyk, Svitlenko, and Stepura.Steshenko had a wife Oksana Steshenko, a daughter and a...
, killed in Poltava (1918) - Oleksander-Bohdan Zarudny, killed in Kiev (1918)
- Loenard Bochkovsky, killed in Kiev (1918)
- Ivan Lutsenko, killed near Starokostyantyniv (1919)
- Mykola Mikhnovsky, killed at home (1924)
- Isaak Puhach, killed in Kiev (1918)
Fate unknown
- Mykola Stasiuk, worked as an editor of a local newspaper in MariupolMariupolMariupol , formerly known as Zhdanov , is a port city in southeastern Ukraine. It is located on the coast of the Azov Sea, at the mouth of the Kalmius River. Mariupol is the largest city in Priazovye - a geographical region around Azov Sea, divided by Russia and Ukraine - and is also a popular sea...
during the World War IIWorld War IIWorld War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis... - Moisei RafesMoisei RafesMoisei Grigorevich Rafes was a prominent politician of the Ukrainian People's Republic as the Bundist representative...
, died in 1942 - Aleksandr ZarubinAleksandr ZarubinAleksandr Zarubin was a Russian politician, statesman, and diplomat.There is a little or no information of Zarubin. He was a secretary of the Ukrainian government, however he held a position that was assigned to the Russian minority representative...
- Mykhailo Savchenko-Bilsky
- Aleksandr Zolotarev
- Zinovi Vysotsky
- Prokip Ponyatenko
- Oleksander Zhukovsky
- Yosyp Mayevsky
- Viktor Poplavko
- Volodymyr Naumenko, died in Ukraine (Kiev?) - shot by Cheka
- Petro Artemenko
- Mykola Herasymenko
- Andriy Nikovsky, was looking for a job in Leningrad before the World War IIWorld War IIWorld War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
- Oleksander Stepanenko, died in Siberia in 1924
- Serhi Vikul
- Yevhen Kasianenko
- Oleksander Yanko
- Oleksander Zhukivsky
- Andri Likhnyakevych, emigration
- Tymish Olesiyuk, emigration
- Antin Postolovsky, emigration
- Pavlo Pohorilko, the archbishop of All Ukraine was arrested in Kharkiv in 1929 - his farther fate is unknown
Natural causes
- Myhaylo Tuhan-Baranovsky, 1919 (heart-attack)
- Petro Stebnytsky, 1923 (hunger)
- Mykola Vasylenko, 1935
- Viktor Pavlenko, 1932 (hunger)
- Stepan Erastov, 1933 (hunger)
- Mykhailo HrushevskyMykhailo HrushevskyMykhailo Serhiyovych Hrushevsky was a Ukrainian academician, politician, historian, and statesman, one of the most important figures of the Ukrainian national revival of the early 20th century...
, 1934 (medical mistreatment) - Mykola Bilyashivsky, 1926 (hunger)
- Oleksander Voloshyn, 1933 (hunger)
- Volodymyr Shemet, 1933 (hunger)
- Mykola (Vasylyovych) Levytsky, 1936 (hunger)
- Mykola Shrag, 1970
- Serhi Kolos, 1969
- Lyubov Yanovska (Shcherbachova), 1933
- Fedir Matushevsky, 1919
- Lev Han, 1919 (typhus)
- Andri Viazlov, 1919 (typhus)
Other vicitms and related people
- wife of Mykhailo Hrushevsky, Maria-Ivanna Sylvestrivna Hrushevska (Voyakovska), died soon after was brutally robbed in 1948
- daughter of Mykhailo Hrushevsky, Kateryna Mykhailivna Hrushevska, died in Temlag in 1943 being in a custody since 1938
- brother of Mykhailo Hrushevsky, Oleksandr Serhiyovych Hrushevsky, was arrested soon after the death of Mykhailo - his farther fate is unknown.
- Arystarkh Ternychenko, was a member of government (not mentioned as the member of Central Rada)- fate unknown
- Serhi Ostapenko, was a member of government (not mentioned as the member of Central Rada)- fate unknown
- Ovksenti Korchak-Chepurivsky, was a member of government (not mentioned as the member of Central Rada) - died from natural causes in 1947
- Volodymyr Oskilko, a member of opposition to Martos government (not mentioned as the member of Central Rada) - assassinated by Cheka in 1926
- Isaak MazepaIsaak MazepaIsaak Prokhorovych Mazepa was a Ukrainian politician.-References:...
, was a member of government (not mentioned as the member of Central Rada)- died in Germany
See also
- Verkhovna RadaVerkhovna RadaThe Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine is Ukraine's parliament. The Verkhovna Rada is a unicameral parliament composed of 450 deputies, which is presided over by a chairman...
- Cabinet of Ministers of UkraineCabinet of Ministers of UkraineThe Cabinet of Ukraine is the highest body of state executive power in Ukraine also referred to as the Government of Ukraine...
- Kiev Bolshevik UprisingKiev Bolshevik UprisingThe Kiev Bolshevik Uprising was a military struggle for power in Kiev after the fall of the Russian Provisional Government due to the October Revolution, that ended with a victory for the Kievan Committee of the Bolshevik Party and the Central Rada.-Chronology of activities:On November 7, 1917...
- Central Executive Committee of UkraineCentral Executive Committee of UkraineCentral Executive Committee of Ukraine was a representative body of the All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets. It was the supreme legislative, administrative, executive controlling state power of the Soviet Ukraine between the sessions of the Congress of Soviets that acted between 1917 until 1938...