The Travuniidae are a small family of harvestman with little more than ten described species, within the suborder Laniatores

Laniatores

Laniatores is the largest suborder of the arachnid order Opiliones with over 4,000 described species worldwide. The majority of the species are highly dependent on humid environments and usually correlated with tropical and temperate forest habitats....

.

Description

Travuniidae are at the most three millimeters long, with slender, unarmed legs and robust, strongly spined pedipalp

Pedipalp

Pedipalps , are the second pair of appendages of the prosoma in the subphylum Chelicerata. They are traditionally thought to be homologous with mandibles in Crustacea and insects, although more recent studies Pedipalps (commonly shortened to palps or palpi), are the second pair of appendages of the...

s.

Distribution

Travuniidae have been found in Europe

Europe

Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...

, Japan

Japan

Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...

 and the USA. Although some were described from Slovenia

Slovenia

Slovenia , officially the Republic of Slovenia , is a country in Central and Southeastern Europe touching the Alps and bordering the Mediterranean. Slovenia borders Italy to the west, Croatia to the south and east, Hungary to the northeast, and Austria to the north, and also has a small portion of...

, these records proved to be erroneous.

Relationships

Travuniidae are most closely related to Cladonychiidae

Cladonychiidae

The Cladonychiidae are a small family of harvestman with less than twenty described species, within the suborder Laniatores.-Description:Members of this family range from less than two to about four millimeters in body length, with robust, spined pedipalps and rather short legs, although the second...

; it is even possible that Travuniidae is paraphyletic in respect to this family.

Name

The name of the type genus is derived from the Latin

Latin

Latin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...

 name of Trebinje

Trebinje

Trebinje is the southernmost municipality and town in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is administratively part of the Republika Srpska entity and is located in southeastern Herzegovina, some from the Adriatic Sea....

, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bosnia and Herzegovina , sometimes called Bosnia-Herzegovina or simply Bosnia, is a country in Southern Europe, on the Balkan Peninsula. Bordered by Croatia to the north, west and south, Serbia to the east, and Montenegro to the southeast, Bosnia and Herzegovina is almost landlocked, except for the...

.

Peltonychiinae

Peltonychiinae Kratochvíl, Balat & Pelikan, 1958

• Peltonychia Roewer, 1935
• Peltonychia leprieurii (Lucas, 1860) — Buco Dell'Orso (cave, northern Italy
  Italy
  Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
  
  )
• Peltonychia posteumicola (Roewer, 1935)
• Peltonychia gabria Roewer, 1935
• Peltonychia tenuis Roewer, 1935

Travuniinae

Travuniinae Absolon & Kratochvíl, 1932

• Abasola Strand, 1928
• Abasola troglodytes (Roewer, 1915) — Dalmatia
  Dalmatia
  Dalmatia is a historical region on the eastern coast of the Adriatic Sea. It stretches from the island of Rab in the northwest to the Bay of Kotor in the southeast. The hinterland, the Dalmatian Zagora, ranges from fifty kilometers in width in the north to just a few kilometers in the south....
  
  
• Abasola sarea Roewer, 1935 — Pyrenees
  Pyrenees
  The Pyrenees is a range of mountains in southwest Europe that forms a natural border between France and Spain...
  
  
• Abasola hofferi Silhavy, 1937 — Yugoslavia

• Arbasus Roewer, 1935
• Arbasus caecus (Simon, 1911) — southern France
  France
  The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
  
  

• Dinaria Hadzi, 1932 — palearctic

• Kratochvíliola Roewer, 1935 — palearctic
• Kratochvíliola navarica Roewer, 1935

• Speleonychia Briggs, 1974
• Speleonychia sengeri Briggs, 1974 — Washington

• Travunia Absolon & Kratochvíl, 1932
• Travunia jandai Kratochvíl, 1938 — Yugoslavia
  Yugoslavia
  Yugoslavia refers to three political entities that existed successively on the western part of the Balkans during most of the 20th century....
  
  

incertae sedis

• Yuria Suzuki, 1964 — Japan
  Japan
  Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
  
  
• Yuria pulcra Suzuki, 1964

• Yuria pulcra pulcra Suzuki, 1964
• Yuria pulcra briggsi Suzuki, 1975

• Buemarinoa Roewer, 1956
• Buemarinoa patrizii Roewer, 1956 — Sardinia
  Sardinia
  Sardinia is the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea . It is an autonomous region of Italy, and the nearest land masses are the French island of Corsica, the Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Tunisia and the Spanish Balearic Islands.The name Sardinia is from the pre-Roman noun *sard[],...