Transport in Romania
Encyclopedia
All transportation infrastructure in Romania is the property of the state, and is administered by the Ministry of Transports, Constructions and Tourism, except when operated as a concession, in which case the concessions are made by the Ministry of Administration and Interior.
According to CIA Factbook, Romania total road network is estimated to be 198,817 km long, out of which 60,043 km are paved and 138,774 km (2004) are unpaved. The World Bank
estimates that the road network that is outside of cities and communes (i.e. excluding streets and village roads) is about 78,000 km long.
to Oradea
(near the Hungarian border). This project is expected to be completed by 2018.This project has been renegociated with Behtel which will finish a remaining 64 km that were started. The rest will be reauctioned and as a result of renegociations with the EU, the remaining segments will receive funds from the EU. This is due to the cancelation of the Behtel contract which was extremely expensive.
Other motorways projects under construction include: Cernavodă
–Medgidia
(19 km) and Medgidia–Constanța
(32 km), part of the A2 (Autostrada Soarelui) motorway.
Timişoara
–Arad
(32 km) and Arad's ring-road (12 km), part of the A1 motorway (Bucharest–Nădlac
) are another projects estimated to be completed in 2011.In the same year, Constanța's ring-road should be ready.
In order to complete another 100 km of motorway by end of 2010, Romanian Government
struggled to allocate the necessary funds for 55 km motorway, part of the Bucharest–Ploieşti
motorway (from a total of 62 km). The newest motorways that have been opened are Sibiu
ring road (17,5 km) and another 27.4 km from Autostrada Transilvania
.
In 2010, an estimated 4,3 million cars existed in Romania.
railway system, comprising both the Bucharest Metro
and the light rail
system Regia Autonomă de Transport Bucureşti
. Although construction was planned to begin in 1941, due to geo-political factors, the Bucharest Metro was only opened in 1979. Now it is one of the most accessed systems of the Bucharest public transport network
with an average of 800,000 passengers during the workweek
. In total, the network is 67 km long and has 49 stations.
Some proposals have been made about building a metro networks in some of the other largest cities in the country, such as one in Cluj-Napoca
, and in Brașov
.
and Negru Vodă
. Daily passenger service to Sofia
and beyond (Athens
and Istanbul
) from Bucharest. No voltage issues (crossings are not electrified). Hungary - yes - Multiple crossings (from North to South - Carei, Valea lui Mihai
, Episcopia Bihor, Salonta
, Curtici
). Multiple daily passenger frequencies to Budapest
and beyond (Vienna
, Prague
) from Bucharest, Ploiești
and from many cities within Transylvania
. No voltage issues, both railroad systems electrified at 25 kV
, 50 Hz
AC
(electrified crossing at Curtici/Lokoshaza
only). Serbia - yes - crossings at Jimbolia
and Stamora Moraviţa. Daily service from Bucharest to Belgrade
via Timişoara
. No voltage issues (crossings are not electrified). Moldova - yes - Break-of-gauge /. Crossings and bogie changers
exist at Ungheni
–Prut
and Galaţi
–Reni
. No voltage issues (None of the tracks of the Moldovan Railways are electrified). Daily passenger service to Chişinău
from Bucharest. Multiple daily services from Iași
. Ukraine - yes - Break-of-gauge
/. Crossings at Vicşani, Valea Vişeului and Câmpulung-la-Tisa (including bogie conversion systems
). Dual gauge
track exists between Tereseva (Ukraine)/Câmpulung-la-Tisa - Sighetu Marmaţiei
- Valea Vişeului, going back into Ukraine
. Ukrainian trains (both freight and passenger services) occasionally use this route without stopping within Romania. International passenger services exists between Bucharest and Kiev
(and onwards to Moscow) via Vicşani (operated by CFR
, with UZ
and RZD cars) and between Sighetu Marmaţiei and Tereseva (operated by UZ). No voltage issues (crossings are not electrified).
(http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page?_pageid=1996,45323734&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL&screen=welcomeref&open=/&product=REF_TB_aviation&depth=2), 6,908,599 passengers were transported by commercial aircraft in 2007, an increase of 41% from 2006.
See also: Romanian river ports
In 2004, according to europaworld.com, 19 million passenger-km and 4 billion ton-km were carried through these waterways.
These include: 13 cargo ship
s, 1 passenger ship
, 2 passenger/cargo ships, 2 petroleum tankers
, 1 roll-on/roll-off.
50 other ships are registered in other countries: Cambodia 1, Georgia 15, North Korea 6, Malta 10, Marshall Islands 1, Panama 8, Sierra Leone 2, St Kitts and Nevis 1, St Vincent and The Grenadines 1, Syria 4, Tuvalu 1, unknown 4.
Roads and automotive transport
World Bank
The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans to developing countries for capital programmes.The World Bank's official goal is the reduction of poverty...
estimates that the road network that is outside of cities and communes (i.e. excluding streets and village roads) is about 78,000 km long.
Motorways
As of September 31st 2011, 357 km are already in use.The construction of an extensive motorway network is among the top priorities for the government. At present 434 km of motorways are under construction with an estimated timetable in 2013-2016. Currently under construction is A1 Motorway part of the Pan European IV Coridor. Also under construction are parts of A3 - Autostrada Transilvania, which is the largest motorway project in Europe with a length of 588 km from BucharestBucharest
Bucharest is the capital municipality, cultural, industrial, and financial centre of Romania. It is the largest city in Romania, located in the southeast of the country, at , and lies on the banks of the Dâmbovița River....
to Oradea
Oradea
Oradea is the capital city of Bihor County, in the Crișana region of north-western Romania. The city has a population of 204,477, according to the 2009 estimates. The wider Oradea metropolitan area has a total population of 245,832.-Geography:...
(near the Hungarian border). This project is expected to be completed by 2018.This project has been renegociated with Behtel which will finish a remaining 64 km that were started. The rest will be reauctioned and as a result of renegociations with the EU, the remaining segments will receive funds from the EU. This is due to the cancelation of the Behtel contract which was extremely expensive.
Other motorways projects under construction include: Cernavodă
Cernavoda
Cernavodă is a town in Constanţa County, Dobrogea, Romania with a population of 20,514.The town's name is derived from the Slavic černa voda , meaning "black water". This name is regarded by some scholars as a calque of the earlier Thracian name Axíopa, from IE *n.ksei "dark" and upā "water"...
–Medgidia
Medgidia
-History:Archaeological findings show that Dobruja was inhabited since the Neolithic period. Starting with 46 BC the region was administered by the Roman Empire. A castrum was built in the Carasu Valley, becoming the cradle of the settlement....
(19 km) and Medgidia–Constanța
Constanta
Constanța is the oldest extant city in Romania, founded around 600 BC. The city is located in the Dobruja region of Romania, on the Black Sea coast. It is the capital of Constanța County and the largest city in the region....
(32 km), part of the A2 (Autostrada Soarelui) motorway.
Timişoara
Timisoara
Timișoara is the capital city of Timiș County, in western Romania. One of the largest Romanian cities, with an estimated population of 311,586 inhabitants , and considered the informal capital city of the historical region of Banat, Timișoara is the main social, economic and cultural center in the...
–Arad
Arad, Romania
Arad is the capital city of Arad County, in western Romania, in the Crişana region, on the river Mureş.An important industrial center and transportation hub, Arad is also the seat of a Romanian Orthodox archbishop and features two universities, a Romanian Orthodox theological seminary, a training...
(32 km) and Arad's ring-road (12 km), part of the A1 motorway (Bucharest–Nădlac
Nadlac
Nădlac is a town in western Romania, Arad County. A former part of the town lies across the border with Hungary; this village is called Nagylak. An international border town, Nădlac is the main border crossing into western Romania from Hungary. It is also a centre of the Lutheran Slovakian...
) are another projects estimated to be completed in 2011.In the same year, Constanța's ring-road should be ready.
In order to complete another 100 km of motorway by end of 2010, Romanian Government
Government of Romania
The Government of Romania forms one half of the country's executive branch . It is headed by the Prime-Minister, and consists of the Ministries, various subordinated institutions and agencies, and the 42 Prefectures...
struggled to allocate the necessary funds for 55 km motorway, part of the Bucharest–Ploieşti
Ploiesti
Ploiești is the county seat of Prahova County and lies in the historical region of Wallachia in Romania. The city is located north of Bucharest....
motorway (from a total of 62 km). The newest motorways that have been opened are Sibiu
Sibiu
Sibiu is a city in Transylvania, Romania with a population of 154,548. Located some 282 km north-west of Bucharest, the city straddles the Cibin River, a tributary of the river Olt...
ring road (17,5 km) and another 27.4 km from Autostrada Transilvania
A3 (Romania)
A3 Transylvania Motorway or Autostrada Transilvania is a motorway currently being constructed in Romania. It will be a four-lane, 588-kilometer motorway, stretching northwest from Bucharest to Oradea. The motorway will connect the cities of Bucharest, Ploieşti, Braşov, Făgăraş, Sighişoara, Târgu...
.
Road traffic
According to europaworld.com, in 2004 in Romania there were:- 3,225,000 automobiles
- 43,000 buses and coaches
- 482,000 lorries and vans
- 235,000 motorcycles and mopeds
In 2010, an estimated 4,3 million cars existed in Romania.
Rail transport
Metro
Bucharest is known to be the only city in Romania which as of 2009 has an undergroundRapid transit
A rapid transit, underground, subway, elevated railway, metro or metropolitan railway system is an electric passenger railway in an urban area with a high capacity and frequency, and grade separation from other traffic. Rapid transit systems are typically located either in underground tunnels or on...
railway system, comprising both the Bucharest Metro
Bucharest Metro
The Bucharest Metro is an underground urban railway network that serves the capital of Romania, Bucharest. The network is run by Metrorex. It is one of the most accessed systems of the Bucharest public transport network with a ridership of 177.23 million passengers in 2010...
and the light rail
Light rail
Light rail or light rail transit is a form of urban rail public transportation that generally has a lower capacity and lower speed than heavy rail and metro systems, but higher capacity and higher speed than traditional street-running tram systems...
system Regia Autonomă de Transport Bucureşti
Regia Autonoma de Transport Bucuresti
Regia Autonomă de Transport Bucureşti is a public transport operator in Bucharest, Romania. It operates a complex network of buses, trams and trolleybuses – in fact, all public transport except the Bucharest Metro, which is managed by Metrorex...
. Although construction was planned to begin in 1941, due to geo-political factors, the Bucharest Metro was only opened in 1979. Now it is one of the most accessed systems of the Bucharest public transport network
Transport in Bucharest
Bucharest has the largest transport network in Romania, and one of the largest in Europe. The Bucharest transport network is made up of a metro network and a surface transport network...
with an average of 800,000 passengers during the workweek
Workweek
The workweek and weekend are those complementary parts of the week devoted to labour and rest respectively. The legal working week , or workweek , is the part of the seven-day week devoted to labor. In most Western countries it is Monday to Friday. The weekend comprises the two traditionally...
. In total, the network is 67 km long and has 49 stations.
Some proposals have been made about building a metro networks in some of the other largest cities in the country, such as one in Cluj-Napoca
Cluj-Napoca
Cluj-Napoca , commonly known as Cluj, is the fourth most populous city in Romania and the seat of Cluj County in the northwestern part of the country. Geographically, it is roughly equidistant from Bucharest , Budapest and Belgrade...
, and in Brașov
Brasov
Brașov is a city in Romania and the capital of Brașov County.According to the last Romanian census, from 2002, there were 284,596 people living within the city of Brașov, making it the 8th most populated city in Romania....
.
Rail links with adjacent countries
Bulgaria - yes - crossings at GiurgiuGiurgiu
Giurgiu is the capital city of Giurgiu County, Romania, in the Greater Wallachia. It is situated amid mud-flats and marshes on the left bank of the Danube facing the Bulgarian city of Rousse on the opposite bank. Three small islands face the city, and a larger one shelters its port, Smarda...
and Negru Vodă
Negru Voda
Negru Vodă is a town in Constanţa County, Dobruja, south-eastern Romania.The name is probably derived from the legendary Radu Negru , founder and ruler of Wallachia.It has an area of .-Villages:...
. Daily passenger service to Sofia
Sofia
Sofia is the capital and largest city of Bulgaria and the 12th largest city in the European Union with a population of 1.27 million people. It is located in western Bulgaria, at the foot of Mount Vitosha and approximately at the centre of the Balkan Peninsula.Prehistoric settlements were excavated...
and beyond (Athens
Athens
Athens , is the capital and largest city of Greece. Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, as its recorded history spans around 3,400 years. Classical Athens was a powerful city-state...
and Istanbul
Istanbul
Istanbul , historically known as Byzantium and Constantinople , is the largest city of Turkey. Istanbul metropolitan province had 13.26 million people living in it as of December, 2010, which is 18% of Turkey's population and the 3rd largest metropolitan area in Europe after London and...
) from Bucharest. No voltage issues (crossings are not electrified). Hungary - yes - Multiple crossings (from North to South - Carei, Valea lui Mihai
Valea lui Mihai
Valea lui Mihai is a town in Romania.-Geography:It is located around 66 km north-east of Oradea, 9 km from the Hungarian border in Bihor County, western Transylvania, Romania.-History:...
, Episcopia Bihor, Salonta
Salonta
Salonta is a city in Bihor County, Transylvania, Romania, near the Hungarian border.-Population:According to the last Romanian census from 2002, the city has a population of 18,074, made up of Hungarians , Romanians , Roma , and others .In terms of religion, 51.12% are Reformed , 36.46% Romanian...
, Curtici
Curtici
Curtici is a town located in Arad County, far western Romania. The town is situated at a 21 km distance from the county capital Arad, in the western part of Arad County. It is the most important railway meeting point of Central Europe with the western part of Romania...
). Multiple daily passenger frequencies to Budapest
Budapest
Budapest is the capital of Hungary. As the largest city of Hungary, it is the country's principal political, cultural, commercial, industrial, and transportation centre. In 2011, Budapest had 1,733,685 inhabitants, down from its 1989 peak of 2,113,645 due to suburbanization. The Budapest Commuter...
and beyond (Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
, Prague
Prague
Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million...
) from Bucharest, Ploiești
Ploiesti
Ploiești is the county seat of Prahova County and lies in the historical region of Wallachia in Romania. The city is located north of Bucharest....
and from many cities within Transylvania
Transylvania
Transylvania is a historical region in the central part of Romania. Bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountain range, historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains; however, the term sometimes encompasses not only Transylvania proper, but also the historical...
. No voltage issues, both railroad systems electrified at 25 kV
Volt
The volt is the SI derived unit for electric potential, electric potential difference, and electromotive force. The volt is named in honor of the Italian physicist Alessandro Volta , who invented the voltaic pile, possibly the first chemical battery.- Definition :A single volt is defined as the...
, 50 Hz
Hertz
The hertz is the SI unit of frequency defined as the number of cycles per second of a periodic phenomenon. One of its most common uses is the description of the sine wave, particularly those used in radio and audio applications....
AC
Alternating current
In alternating current the movement of electric charge periodically reverses direction. In direct current , the flow of electric charge is only in one direction....
(electrified crossing at Curtici/Lokoshaza
Lokösháza
Lőkösháza is a village in Békés County, in the Southern Great Plain region of southeast Hungary.-Geography:It covers an area of and has a population of 2044 ....
only). Serbia - yes - crossings at Jimbolia
Jimbolia
Jimbolia is a town in Timiş county, Romania. In 2004, it had a population of 11,605.-History:The earliest record of a community in this location is a place identified as Chumbul in a papal tax record in 1333. This place came under Turkish administration in 1552. As a result of the Treaty of...
and Stamora Moraviţa. Daily service from Bucharest to Belgrade
Belgrade
Belgrade is the capital and largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers, where the Pannonian Plain meets the Balkans. According to official results of Census 2011, the city has a population of 1,639,121. It is one of the 15 largest cities in Europe...
via Timişoara
Timisoara
Timișoara is the capital city of Timiș County, in western Romania. One of the largest Romanian cities, with an estimated population of 311,586 inhabitants , and considered the informal capital city of the historical region of Banat, Timișoara is the main social, economic and cultural center in the...
. No voltage issues (crossings are not electrified). Moldova - yes - Break-of-gauge /. Crossings and bogie changers
Bogie exchange
Bogie exchange is a system for operating railway wagons on two or more gauges to overcome difference in the track gauge. To perform a bogie exchange, a car is converted from one gauge to another by removing the chassis containing the wheels and axles of the car, and installing a new chassis with...
exist at Ungheni
Ungheni
----Ungheni is the seventh largest city in Moldova and, since 2003, the seat of Ungheni District.There is a bridge across the Prut and a border checkpoint to Romania. There is another border town with the same name in Romania , on the other side of the Prut River.- History :The first historical...
–Prut
Prut
The Prut is a long river in Eastern Europe. In part of its course it forms the border between Romania and Moldova.-Overview:...
and Galaţi
Galati
Galați is a city and municipality in Romania, the capital of Galați County. Located in the historical region of Moldavia, in the close vicinity of Brăila, Galați is the largest port and sea port on the Danube River and the second largest Romanian port....
–Reni
Reni
-People:* Guido Reni , Italian Baroque painter* Alan Wren , nicknamed Reni, drummer for The Stone Roses* Reni Mimura, a Japanese pop singer who is known for using cosplay in her performances....
. No voltage issues (None of the tracks of the Moldovan Railways are electrified). Daily passenger service to Chişinău
Chisinau
Chișinău is the capital and largest municipality of Moldova. It is also its main industrial and commercial centre and is located in the middle of the country, on the river Bîc...
from Bucharest. Multiple daily services from Iași
Iasi
Iași is the second most populous city and a municipality in Romania. Located in the historical Moldavia region, Iași has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Romanian social, cultural, academic and artistic life...
. Ukraine - yes - Break-of-gauge
Break-of-gauge
With railways, a break-of-gauge occurs where a line of one gauge meets a line of a different gauge. Trains and rolling stock cannot run through without some form of conversion between gauges, and freight and passengers must otherwise be transloaded...
/. Crossings at Vicşani, Valea Vişeului and Câmpulung-la-Tisa (including bogie conversion systems
Bogie exchange
Bogie exchange is a system for operating railway wagons on two or more gauges to overcome difference in the track gauge. To perform a bogie exchange, a car is converted from one gauge to another by removing the chassis containing the wheels and axles of the car, and installing a new chassis with...
). Dual gauge
Dual gauge
A dual-gauge or mixed-gauge railway has railway track that allows trains of different gauges to use the same track. Generally, a dual-gauge railway consists of three rails, rather than the standard two rails. The two outer rails give the wider gauge, while one of the outer rails and the inner rail...
track exists between Tereseva (Ukraine)/Câmpulung-la-Tisa - Sighetu Marmaţiei
Sighetu Marmatiei
Sighetu Marmației , formerly Sighet, is a city in Maramureş County near the Iza River, in north-western Romania. It administers five villages: Iapa, Lazu Baciului, Șugău, Valea Cufundoasă and Valea Hotarului.-Geography:...
- Valea Vişeului, going back into Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
. Ukrainian trains (both freight and passenger services) occasionally use this route without stopping within Romania. International passenger services exists between Bucharest and Kiev
Kiev
Kiev or Kyiv is the capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River. The population as of the 2001 census was 2,611,300. However, higher numbers have been cited in the press....
(and onwards to Moscow) via Vicşani (operated by CFR
Caile Ferate Române
Căile Ferate Române is the official designation of the state railway carrier of Romania. Romania has a railway network of of which are electrified and the total track length is . The network is significantly interconnected with other European railway networks, providing pan-European passenger...
, with UZ
Ukrzaliznytsia
Ukrzaliznytsia , also known as Ukrainian Railways, is the State Administration of Railroad Transportation in Ukraine, monopoly that controls vast majority of the railroad transportation in the country with a combined total length of track of over 23,000 km, which makes Ukrainian railroad...
and RZD cars) and between Sighetu Marmaţiei and Tereseva (operated by UZ). No voltage issues (crossings are not electrified).
Air transport
According to EurostatEurostat
Eurostat is a Directorate-General of the European Commission located in Luxembourg. Its main responsibilities are to provide the European Union with statistical information at European level and to promote the integration of statistical methods across the Member States of the European Union,...
(http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page?_pageid=1996,45323734&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL&screen=welcomeref&open=/&product=REF_TB_aviation&depth=2), 6,908,599 passengers were transported by commercial aircraft in 2007, an increase of 41% from 2006.
Airports
There are 61 airports in Romania (estimated as of 2006).- Airports - with paved runwayRunwayAccording to ICAO a runway is a "defined rectangular area on a land aerodrome prepared for the landing and take-off of aircraft." Runways may be a man-made surface or a natural surface .- Orientation and dimensions :Runways are named by a number between 01 and 36, which is generally one tenth...
s : 25- Runways over 3,047 m: 5
- Runways from 2,438 to 3,047 m: 8
- Runways from 1,524 to 2,437 m: 12
- Airports - with unpaved runways : 36
- Runways from 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2
- Runways from 914 to 1,523 m: 11
- Runways under 914 m: 23
- HeliportHeliportA heliport is a small airport suitable only for use by helicopters. Heliports typically contain one or more helipads and may have limited facilities such as fuel, lighting, a windsock, or even hangars...
s 1 (2006)
Ports
- with terminals
- Port of ConstanțaPort of ConstantaThe Port of Constanța is located in Constanța, Romania, on the western coast of the Black Sea, from the Bosphorus Strait and from the Sulina Branch, through which the Danube river flows into the sea. It covers , of which is land and the rest, , is water. The two breakwaters located northwards...
(the largest port and shipyard in the Black SeaBlack SeaThe Black Sea is bounded by Europe, Anatolia and the Caucasus and is ultimately connected to the Atlantic Ocean via the Mediterranean and the Aegean seas and various straits. The Bosphorus strait connects it to the Sea of Marmara, and the strait of the Dardanelles connects that sea to the Aegean...
and one of the busiest ports in Europe) - Port of GalaţiPort of GalatiThe Port of Galaţi is the largest Romanian river port. Located in the city of Galaţi on the Danube river, the port is an important source of revenue for the city because many large international companies have established there....
(on the DanubeDanubeThe Danube is a river in the Central Europe and the Europe's second longest river after the Volga. It is classified as an international waterway....
) - BrăilaBrailaBrăila is a city in Muntenia, eastern Romania, a port on the Danube and the capital of Brăila County, in the close vicinity of Galaţi.According to the 2002 Romanian census there were 216,292 people living within the city of Brăila, making it the 10th most populous city in Romania.-History:A...
(on the Danube) - TulceaTulceaTulcea is a city in Dobrogea, Romania. It is the administrative center of Tulcea county, and has a population of 92,379 as of 2007. One village, Tudor Vladimirescu, is administered by the city.- History :...
(on the Danube)
- Port of Constanța
- Other Black Sea ports:
- MangaliaMangaliaMangalia , is a city and a port on the coast of the Black Sea in the south-east of Constanţa County, Romania.The municipality of Mangalia also administers several summer time seaside resorts: Cap Aurora, Jupiter, Neptun, Olimp, Saturn, Venus.-History:...
- SulinaSulinaSulina is a town and free port in Tulcea County, Romania, at the mouth of the Sulina branch of the Danube. It is the easternmost point of Romania and of the continental European Union.-History:...
- NăvodariNavodariNăvodari is a town in Constanţa County, region of Dobrogea, Romania, with a population of 32,400.-History:The settlement was mentioned for the first time in 1421 under the name Kara Koyun , to be renamed later on Karaköy or Carachioi...
- Mangalia
- Other ports on the Danube:
- GiurgiuGiurgiuGiurgiu is the capital city of Giurgiu County, Romania, in the Greater Wallachia. It is situated amid mud-flats and marshes on the left bank of the Danube facing the Bulgarian city of Rousse on the opposite bank. Three small islands face the city, and a larger one shelters its port, Smarda...
- Drobeta-Turnu SeverinDrobeta-Turnu SeverinDrobeta-Turnu Severin is a city in Mehedinţi County, Oltenia, Romania, on the left bank of the Danube, below the Iron Gates.The city administers three villages: Dudaşu Schelei, Gura Văii, and Schela Cladovei...
- OlteniţaOltenitaOlteniţa is a city in Romania in the Călăraşi County on the left bank of the Argeş River where its waters reach the Danube through a network of streams and marshes.Oltenita stands just across the Danube from the Bulgarian city of Tutrakan.-History:...
- Giurgiu
- Ports on the Danube-Black Sea CanalDanube-Black Sea CanalThe Danube – Black Sea Canal is a canal in Romania which runs from Cernavodă on the Danube to Agigea and Năvodari on the Black Sea...
:- CernavodăCernavodaCernavodă is a town in Constanţa County, Dobrogea, Romania with a population of 20,514.The town's name is derived from the Slavic černa voda , meaning "black water". This name is regarded by some scholars as a calque of the earlier Thracian name Axíopa, from IE *n.ksei "dark" and upā "water"...
- Poarta AlbăPoarta AlbaPoarta Albă is a commune in Constanţa County, Romania. It has a population of 4,790, according to the 2002 census, of which 97% Romanians and most of the rest Turks and Tatars...
- Constanța Sud
- AgigeaAgigeaAgigea is a commune in Constanţa County, Romania. The commune includes two villages: Agigea and Lazu ....
- Cernavodă
See also: Romanian river ports
Romanian river ports
-Orşova:*performing capacity: 1.200.000 to/year*Quay length – 500 linear meters – 5 anchording place-Calafat:*performing capacity: 350.000 to/year*Quay length – 100 linear meters –1 anchoring place-Hârşova:*performing capacity: 70.000 to/year...
Waterways
As of 2006, there are 1,731 km of navigable waterways of which:- 1,075 km on Danube River
- 524 km on secondary branches
- 132 km on canals
In 2004, according to europaworld.com, 19 million passenger-km and 4 billion ton-km were carried through these waterways.
Merchant fleet
The merchant marine has seen a dramatic drop in capacity over the past decade:- from 142 ships ( or over) totaling / 1999
- to 19 ships ( or over) / in 2007.
These include: 13 cargo ship
Cargo ship
A cargo ship or freighter is any sort of ship or vessel that carries cargo, goods, and materials from one port to another. Thousands of cargo carriers ply the world's seas and oceans each year; they handle the bulk of international trade...
s, 1 passenger ship
Passenger ship
A passenger ship is a ship whose primary function is to carry passengers. The category does not include cargo vessels which have accommodations for limited numbers of passengers, such as the ubiquitous twelve-passenger freighters once common on the seas in which the transport of passengers is...
, 2 passenger/cargo ships, 2 petroleum tankers
Oil tanker
An oil tanker, also known as a petroleum tanker, is a merchant ship designed for the bulk transport of oil. There are two basic types of oil tankers: the crude tanker and the product tanker. Crude tankers move large quantities of unrefined crude oil from its point of extraction to refineries...
, 1 roll-on/roll-off.
50 other ships are registered in other countries: Cambodia 1, Georgia 15, North Korea 6, Malta 10, Marshall Islands 1, Panama 8, Sierra Leone 2, St Kitts and Nevis 1, St Vincent and The Grenadines 1, Syria 4, Tuvalu 1, unknown 4.
International sea-borne freight traffic
- goods loaded: 18.2 million tons
- goods unloaded: 22.3 million tons (2004)