Toyota F engine
Encyclopedia
The Toyota F series engine was a series of OHV inline-6 cylinder engines produced by Toyota between 1955-1992. They are known for their high amount of torque at low RPM, massive cast iron blocks and heads and also their high reliability. The F Engine had one of the longest production runs of any Toyota engine. The F engines all incorporate overhead valve
s actuated by pushrods from a gear driven
camshaft
in the lower portion of the engine. The engine was first introduced in the Land Cruiser, and in many countries, was the only engines offered in the Landcruiser until 1993. Although it's commonly badged as the Land Cruiser engine, it was used in a variety of other large truck applications as well, such as in fire trucks and the Toyota FQ15 trucks. It was also used in the Crown based Japanese Police Patrol Cars FH26 and FS20-FS50.
at 2000 RPM; the difference in power and torque is different depending on the export destination. The original design was started in the early 1950s when Toyota had begun to export their vehicles internationally.
The F engine block, crankshaft and lower end assembly is loosely based on the 1939-63 G.M.C. L6 OHV 228 OHV engine but with a taller deck (rather than the similar but smaller Chevrolet 1937-63 Gen-2 L6 OHV engine), and built under license. The cylinder head and combustion chamber is derived from the Chevrolet L6 OHV "stovebolt" engine, slightly scaled up. The general idea was consumers would feel comfortable with the engine since it was a familiar design and had a proven track record. None of the bottom end of the engine is interchangeable with these engines.
The F engine replaced the early 3.4 liter B gasoline engine introduced in 1937 (not to be confused with the 2.9 liter B diesel engine
introduced much later). The early B engine was based on the original 1929-36 Chevrolet Gen-1 207 inline-6
, not the later 1937-63 Gen-2 216, 235 etc. engine.
at 2000 RPM; the major difference between the F and the F.5 is the oiling system. The F.5 (09/1973-12/1974) uses the same oiling set-up and configuration as its successor the 2F.
was increased, allowing a wider powerband which made this engine far more suitable for on-road use.
In 1992, the F series engines, after almost 45 years, finally ceased production. In 1993, the F series was replaced by the dual overhead cam (DOHC) 1FZ-FE
engine.
Due to the slow-revving design of these engines, it is not uncommon to see them reach over 300,000 miles (482,800 km) before needing a major overhaul.
Overhead valve
An overhead valve engine, also informally called pushrod engine or I-head engine, is a type of piston engine that places the camshaft within the cylinder block , and uses pushrods or rods to actuate rocker arms above the cylinder...
s actuated by pushrods from a gear driven
Timing belt
A timing belt, or cam belt , is a part of an internal combustion engine that controls the timing of the engine's valves. Some engines, such as the flat-4 Volkswagen air-cooled engine, and the straight-6 Toyota F engine use timing gears...
camshaft
Camshaft
A camshaft is a shaft to which a cam is fastened or of which a cam forms an integral part.-History:An early cam was built into Hellenistic water-driven automata from the 3rd century BC. The camshaft was later described in Iraq by Al-Jazari in 1206. He employed it as part of his automata,...
in the lower portion of the engine. The engine was first introduced in the Land Cruiser, and in many countries, was the only engines offered in the Landcruiser until 1993. Although it's commonly badged as the Land Cruiser engine, it was used in a variety of other large truck applications as well, such as in fire trucks and the Toyota FQ15 trucks. It was also used in the Crown based Japanese Police Patrol Cars FH26 and FS20-FS50.
F
The F engine is a 3.9 liter, 75/93 kW (105/125 hp), carburated gasoline engine that is capable of 261/289 N·m (189/209 ft·lbf) of torqueTorque
Torque, moment or moment of force , is the tendency of a force to rotate an object about an axis, fulcrum, or pivot. Just as a force is a push or a pull, a torque can be thought of as a twist....
at 2000 RPM; the difference in power and torque is different depending on the export destination. The original design was started in the early 1950s when Toyota had begun to export their vehicles internationally.
The F engine block, crankshaft and lower end assembly is loosely based on the 1939-63 G.M.C. L6 OHV 228 OHV engine but with a taller deck (rather than the similar but smaller Chevrolet 1937-63 Gen-2 L6 OHV engine), and built under license. The cylinder head and combustion chamber is derived from the Chevrolet L6 OHV "stovebolt" engine, slightly scaled up. The general idea was consumers would feel comfortable with the engine since it was a familiar design and had a proven track record. None of the bottom end of the engine is interchangeable with these engines.
The F engine replaced the early 3.4 liter B gasoline engine introduced in 1937 (not to be confused with the 2.9 liter B diesel engine
Toyota B engine
The Toyota B engine family was a series of inline-4 diesel engines.Toyota also had a 3.4 L inline-6 gasoline engine from 1937 to 1947 that was also called the B engine. The earlier engine was used in early Toyota cars and trucks and in the first version of the Land Cruiser when it was known...
introduced much later). The early B engine was based on the original 1929-36 Chevrolet Gen-1 207 inline-6
Chevrolet Straight-6 engine
The Chevrolet inline 6 was Chevy's main engine from 1929 , through 1954, and was the base engine starting in 1955 when they added the small block V8 to the lineup. It had finally been completely phased out by 1990 in North America, but Brazil held on to their fuel-injected straight-6 through the...
, not the later 1937-63 Gen-2 216, 235 etc. engine.
F (9/73-12/1974)
The F (9/73-12/1974) engine is a 3.9 liter, 75/93 kW (105/125 hp), carburated gasoline engine that is capable of 261/289 N·m (189/209 ft·lbf) of torqueTorque
Torque, moment or moment of force , is the tendency of a force to rotate an object about an axis, fulcrum, or pivot. Just as a force is a push or a pull, a torque can be thought of as a twist....
at 2000 RPM; the major difference between the F and the F.5 is the oiling system. The F.5 (09/1973-12/1974) uses the same oiling set-up and configuration as its successor the 2F.
2F
The second version of the engine, called the 2F, was introduced in 1975. There are a few differences between the F and 2F, i.e., a larger bore in the 2F, removing one oil ring and forcing the oil to travel through the oil filter before the engine.3F/3F-E
The 3F-E was designed in 1985 and, in 1988, became the powerhouse for the FJ62 Land Cruiser. It is very similar to the 2F engine except that it is equipped with EFI (electronic fuel injection, carbureted in other countries), a vastly improved emissions system and a smaller displacement. The smaller displacement in the 3F-E was caused by shortening the piston stroke; this also caused the displacement to shrink from 4.2 liters to 4. However, even with this reduction, the engine power increased by 15 kW (20 hp) and 14 N·m (10 ft·lbf) of torque. As a result of these changes to the engine the redlineRedline
Redline refers to the maximum engine speed at which an internal combustion engine or traction motor and its components are designed to operate without causing damage to the components themselves or other parts of the engine...
was increased, allowing a wider powerband which made this engine far more suitable for on-road use.
In 1992, the F series engines, after almost 45 years, finally ceased production. In 1993, the F series was replaced by the dual overhead cam (DOHC) 1FZ-FE
Toyota FZ engine
The Toyota FZ engine was a 24-valve, 4.5L DOHC straight-6 internal combustion engine manufactured by Toyota to replace the F-series engine. It was used primarily in SUV's because of its large displacement, smoothness, ruggedness and torque.-Technical data:...
engine.
Due to the slow-revving design of these engines, it is not uncommon to see them reach over 300,000 miles (482,800 km) before needing a major overhaul.