Tangail District
Encyclopedia
Tangail is a district
District
Districts are a type of administrative division, in some countries managed by a local government. They vary greatly in size, spanning entire regions or counties, several municipalities, or subdivisions of municipalities.-Austria:...

 (zilla) in central region of Bangladesh
Bangladesh
Bangladesh , officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh is a sovereign state located in South Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides except for a small border with Burma to the far southeast and by the Bay of Bengal to the south...

. It is a part of the Dhaka division. The population of Tangail zilla is about 3.2 million and its surface area is 3,414.39 km². The main town of Tangail District is the district town Tangail
Tangail
Tangail is a town in Tangail District located in central region of Bangladesh. It consists of 5 corporations, 8 municipalities, 72 wards, 211 mahallas. It is located on the banks of Louhajang River, and is part of the Dhaka Division.-Education:...

. It is surrounded by the several districts, such as Jamalpur district
Jamalpur District
Jamalpur is a district in Dhaka Division, Bangladesh. The main Jamalpur town consists of 12 wards and 80 mahallas. The municipality was established in 1869. The area of the town is 53.28 km². The town has a population of 116754; male 51.06%, female 48.94%. Density of population is 2191 per...

 on the north, the Dhaka
Dhaka
Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh and the principal city of Dhaka Division. Dhaka is a megacity and one of the major cities of South Asia. Located on the banks of the Buriganga River, Dhaka, along with its metropolitan area, had a population of over 15 million in 2010, making it the largest city...

 and Manikganj districts
Manikganj District
The district of Manikganj consists 3575 mosques, 160 temples, 10 churches, five Buddhist temples and a pagoda.-Literacy and education:Literacy and educational institutions Average literacy 26.9%; male 33.7%, female 20.1%...

 on the south, the Mymensingh
Mymensingh
Mymensingh , pronounced moy-mon-shing-haw, is a city of Bangladesh situated on the river Brahmaputra. It is the headquarters of the administrative unit Mymensingh District. Mymensingh is the anglicized pronunciation of the original name Momenshahi, referring to a ruler called Momen Shah. The cadet...

 and Gazipur districts
Gazipur District
Gazipur District is a district of Dhaka Division, it has an area of 1741.53 km2 and is bounded by Mymensingh and Kishoreganj districts on the north, Dhaka, Narayanganj and Narsingdi districts on the south, Narsingdi on the east, Dhaka and Tangail districts on the west. Annual average...

 on the east, and the Sirajganj district
Sirajganj
Sirajganj is a town in central Bangladesh, lying just west of the Brahmaputra River and about 70 mi. northwest of Dhaka.- Overview :...

 on the west. The main rivers that cross the Tangail district are the Jamuna, Dhaleshwari, Jhenai, Bangshi, Louhajang
Louhajang River
Louhajang River is located in central Bangladesh. It branches out from the Jamuna at Baisnabbari in Tangail District. Thereafter it splits into two parts before the parts meet up again...

, Langulia, Elongjani, Jugni, Fotikjani and the Turag.

Subdivisions

The subdivision of Tangail was established in 1870. It was turned into a district on December 1, 1969. The district consists of 5 corporations, 8 municipalities, 72 wards, 211 mahallas, 103 union parishads and 2431 villages. Tangail is subdivided into 12 subdistricts (upazila/thana
Administrative divisions of Bangladesh
Bangladesh is divided as follows#divisions 7 #districts 64 #subdistricts #Union ParishadsDhaka City has 90 wards and 725 mahallas.-Former regions:...

). The name of the upuzilas are: Tangail Sadar, Sakhipur, Basail, Madhupur, Ghatail, Kalihati, Nagarpur, Mirzapur, Gopalpur, Delduar, Bhuapur and Dhanbari.

History

The famous Kagmari Conference (1957), Sannyasi revolt (1850) and Peasant revolt (1858) were originated from this district. In 1996, a devastating tornado caused heavy damage to a few villages of Tangail.

River System

The newly formed Tangail district is flanked on the west by
the mighty river Jamuna
Jamuna
Jamuna may refer to:* Jamuna , Telugu film actress* Jamuna Baruah, Assamese actress* Jamuna River in Bangladesh * Jamuna Bridge in Bangladesh...

, which is no where less than 4 miles
wide during the rainy season. The Dhaleswari, first an old
channel of the Ganges and then of the Brahmaputra, cuts
across the south-western comer of the district on its powerful
sweep to join the Meghna near Narayanganj. The old, name of
Dhaleswari was "Gajghata". It used to flow afterwards by the
Salimabad Channel and then at last by Porabari Channell.
A part of the eastern boundary of the district runs close to
the Banar river. The river Bangshi flows almost down the
middle of the district, branching out from the old Brahmaputta
to the north from near Jamalpur
Jamalpur
Jamalpur may refer to:Bangladesh* Jamalpur District* Jamalpur Sadar UpazilaIndia* Jamalpur, Munger, Bihar* Jamalpur, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh* Jamalpur , West Bengal...

. Bangshi falls into Dhaleswari
near Savar, in Dhaka
Dhaka
Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh and the principal city of Dhaka Division. Dhaka is a megacity and one of the major cities of South Asia. Located on the banks of the Buriganga River, Dhaka, along with its metropolitan area, had a population of over 15 million in 2010, making it the largest city...

 district. The Bangshi forms a natural
barrier to the Madhupur Jungle on the Tangail side, all the
way from Madhupur to Mirzapur
Mirzapur
Mirzapur is a city in the heart of North India, nearly 650 km between Delhi and Kolkata and also equidistant from Allahabad and Varanasi. Located in the state of Uttar Pradesh, Mirzapur has a population of a little over 205,264 and is renowned for its famous carpet and brassware industry...

. It is only fordable at
two or three places near Basail on its my to river Meghna.
Dhaleswari itself however takes out from the Jamuna from
inside Tangail district.

Among otter important rivers of the district, Lohajang is
worth mentioning. It flows past the district Headquarters of
Tangail and is almost dead at present (in moribwid conwtion),
Other rivers are Khiru, Nanglai Nadi, Atai, and Jhinai, The
old Brahmaputra's most important off-shoot is the Jhinai;
striking off near Jamalpur it rejoins the Jamuna north of
Sarishabari, while another branch flows past Gopalpur. Now
these Sub-systems of rivers, viz, Bangshi and Banar, and the
Lohajang, Khiru, Nangtai Nadi, Atia and Jhinai are all dying
out because of the shift of the old Brahmaputra river from its
former channel to the present Jamuna channel.

The most important question in connection with the river
system of Tangail vis-a-vis Mymensingh district, is, when and
why, the Bmbmaputra river changed its main old channel
During the last 150 years or so, this diversion of the old
Brahmaputra to its present Jamuna channel, has considerably
prompted the geographers and the geologists as well to enquire
deep into it. Two theories are advanced. As explanation of
the diversion, one theory describes the gradua1 uplift of the
Madhupur
Madhupur
Madhupur is a city and a municipality in Deoghar district in the Indian state of JharkhandIt has a crockery factory named La Opala.Ltd which is only one of it's own types in India .-Geography:Madhupur is located at . It has an average elevation of...

 Tract and a final trigger action of the Teesta diversion in 1787 as the chief factor; and the other theory states
that the Brahmaputra diversion resulted directly from a major
increase in its volume of water due to beheading of the Tsangpo
river of Tibet by Dihang, a tributary of the then small Brahmaputral. It has now been proved that the great Tibetan river
Tsangpo joined the Brahmaputra about 1780 and this accession
was more important than the Teesta floods in deciding the
Brahmaputra to try a shorter way to the sea.
With the help of Major James Rennel's maps (1764 to 1773)
and of the Revenue Survey it is possible to reconstruct the
history of the Bengal Delta and its river systems. It was Rennel
who carried out the first ever accurate cadestral surveys and
laid the basis for the geographical study of Bengal.
At the end of the 18th century probably as a result of the
great Tista floods in 1787, the Brahmaputra changed its course
and joined the Padma at Goulundo. It should be noted here
that no piece-meal study of an intricate river system is possible,
without distortion and inadequacy.


Even though we assume that the change in the course of
the main waters of the old Brahmaputra took place suddenly
in 1787, the year of the famous flooding of the Teesta river, it
should be taken note of, that the Teesta has been always
a wandering river, sometimes joining the Ganges, sometimes being
shifted oastwards by the superior strength of the river Ganges
and forced. to join the Brahmaputra at last.


Whatever might have been the cause, it is obvious that by
1830, the diversion of old Brahmaputra was complete, ushering
in a gradual but radical change in the river system of the
Tangail district. The old channel of the Brahmaputra had been
reduced to its present insignificance1.


In 1850 Sir Joseph Hooker wrote "we are surprised to hear
that within the last 20 years the main channel of Brahmaputra
had shifted its course westwards, its eastern channel silted up
so rapidly that the Jamuna eventually became the principal
stream.

Religion

In Tangail District there are 3865 mosques, 735 temples, 44 churches and two Buddhist temples, one place of pilgrimage and four tombs.

Education

In Tangail, the average literacy is 29.6%; male 36.1%, female 22.4%. Before the Liberation War
Bangladesh Liberation War
The Bangladesh Liberation War was an armed conflict pitting East Pakistan and India against West Pakistan. The war resulted in the secession of East Pakistan, which became the independent nation of Bangladesh....

, some educational institutions were established by notable persons in Tangail.B.B.Govt Boys' High School was Established In 1880 and B.B.Govt Girls' High School was Established In 1882.Both are Located In Main Town. These are nationally Rewarded Double Shift School. In 1926, the Government Saadat College
Government Saadat College
Government Saadat College is a public college in Bangladesh. It is often referred to as Karatia College. It was established in July 1926...

 was established by Wazed Ali Khan Panni, a zamindar
Zamindar
A Zamindar or zemindar , was an aristocrat, typically hereditary, who held enormous tracts of land and ruled over and taxed the bhikaaris who lived on batavaslam. Over time, they took princely and royal titles such as Maharaja , Raja , Nawab , and Mirza , Chowdhury , among others...

 and educationalist of Tangail. He named it after the name of his grandfather Saadat Ali Khan Panni. Govt. M.M.Ali College established by Maulana Abdul Hamid Khan Bhasani at Kagmari (1 km away from main city) is one of the topmost colleges in Bangladesh. Kumudini College established in 1943 by Ranada Prasad Saha (R.P.Saha), philanthropist
Philanthropist
A philanthropist is someone who engages in philanthropy; that is, someone who donates his or her time, money, and/or reputation to charitable causes...

 of Tangail. He named it after the name of his mother Kumudini. Later the college was converted into Kumudini Government Women's College. He also established Bharateswari Homes in 1945 at Mirzapur. He named it after his grandmother Bharateswari Devi. Mirzapur Cadet College
Mirzapur Cadet College
Mirzapur Cadet College is the third oldest and one of the very best cadet colleges of Bangladesh. Like other cadet colleges it follows the national curriculum prescribed by the National Curriculum and Textbook Board and gives special emphasis on extracurricular and co-curricular...

, the third cadet college of Bangladesh established in 1963. The then president of Pakistan
Pakistan
Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...

 Field Marshal
Field Marshal
Field Marshal is a military rank. Traditionally, it is the highest military rank in an army.-Etymology:The origin of the rank of field marshal dates to the early Middle Ages, originally meaning the keeper of the king's horses , from the time of the early Frankish kings.-Usage and hierarchical...

 Ayub Khan took initiatives to establish this cadet college. Ex-President Major General Ziaur Rahman was the 1st Cadet and 1st college prefect of this Cadet College.

Currently, there are 5 Government high schools in the city
City
A city is a relatively large and permanent settlement. Although there is no agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town within general English language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local law.For example, in the U.S...

. Among these schools, Bindu Basini Govt. Boys’ High School
Bindu Basini Govt. Boys’ High School
Bindu Basini Govt. Boys’ High School , commonly referred to as Bindu Basini Boys or B. B. Boys, is a public boys' high school in Tangail, Bangladesh. The school was established in 1880 as a minor school, patronized and endowed majorly by Rani Bindubasini Chowdhurany and named after her as Bindu...

 (1880) and Bindu Basini Govt. Girls’ High School
Bindu Basini Govt. Girls’ High School
Bindu Basini Govt. Girls’ High School is a girls school in Tangail, Bangladesh....

 (1882) were established by a zamindar of Santosh the famous Roy Chowdhury family who also are co-founder of East Bengal club of Calcutta, the Shibnath High School, the Ramkrishna Mission School are old schools and M.A.Karim High School established by Mr. Karim (Silimpur). Tangail has 341 non-government high schools, 86 satellite schools, 4 government colleges, 48 non-government colleges, 3 university colleges, 1 law college, 1 homeopathy college, 1 polytechnic institution, 1 medical assistant training school, 2 nursing institutes, 1 police academy, 202 madrasas, 40 junior schools, 937 government primary schools, 395 non-government primary schools, 1 teachers' training school, 146 community primary schools and 1304 NGO operated schools. There is also a science and technology university named Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University
Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University
Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University is a government financed public university of Bangladesh. It is named after the charismatic, legendary political leader of the country Maulana Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani. This University is the first of its kind among the public universities in...

 located at Santosh, Tangail. Tangail can boast of two of its sons, the Legendary Magician JaduSamrat P.C.Sarkar & First President of Swadhin (independent) Bangladesh Late Abu Syed Chowdhury son of Abdul Hamid Chowdhury.

Economy

Agriculture is the main occupation of the Tangail district. About 49.53% people are involved with agricultural activities. Its main agricultural products are paddy
Rice
Rice is the seed of the monocot plants Oryza sativa or Oryza glaberrima . As a cereal grain, it is the most important staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, the Middle East, and the West Indies...

, potato
Potato
The potato is a starchy, tuberous crop from the perennial Solanum tuberosum of the Solanaceae family . The word potato may refer to the plant itself as well as the edible tuber. In the region of the Andes, there are some other closely related cultivated potato species...

, jute
Jute
Jute is a long, soft, shiny vegetable fibre that can be spun into coarse, strong threads. It is produced from plants in the genus Corchorus, which has been classified in the family Tiliaceae, or more recently in Malvaceae....

, sugarcane
Sugarcane
Sugarcane refers to any of six to 37 species of tall perennial grasses of the genus Saccharum . Native to the warm temperate to tropical regions of South Asia, they have stout, jointed, fibrous stalks that are rich in sugar, and measure two to six metres tall...

, sesame
Sesame
Sesame is a flowering plant in the genus Sesamum. Numerous wild relatives occur in Africa and a smaller number in India. It is widely naturalized in tropical regions around the world and is cultivated for its edible seeds, which grow in pods....

, linseed, wheat
Wheat
Wheat is a cereal grain, originally from the Levant region of the Near East, but now cultivated worldwide. In 2007 world production of wheat was 607 million tons, making it the third most-produced cereal after maize and rice...

, mustard seed
Mustard seed
Mustard seeds are the small round seeds of various mustard plants. The seeds are usually about 1 or 2 mm in diameter. Mustard seeds may be colored from yellowish white to black. They are important spices in many regional foods. The seeds can come from three different plants: black mustard , brown...

 and pulse
Pulse
In medicine, one's pulse represents the tactile arterial palpation of the heartbeat by trained fingertips. The pulse may be palpated in any place that allows an artery to be compressed against a bone, such as at the neck , at the wrist , behind the knee , on the inside of the elbow , and near the...

. About 3,386.53 km² cultivable lands are available in Tangail. The main fruit products are mangos, jackfruit
Jackfruit
The jackfruit is a species of tree in the Artocarpus genus of the mulberry family . It is native to parts of Southern and Southeast Asia. It is the national fruit of Bangladesh, . The jackfruit tree is believed to be indigenous to the southwestern rain forests of India...

, banana
Banana
Banana is the common name for herbaceous plants of the genus Musa and for the fruit they produce. Bananas come in a variety of sizes and colors when ripe, including yellow, purple, and red....

s, litchis, and pineapples. Other sectors, such as fisheries (446), diaries
Diaries
As a proper noun, Diaries, the plural of diary, can refer to:*Diaries: 1971-1976, an 1981 documentary by Ed Pincus*Diaries 1969–1979: The Python Years, a 2006 book by Michael Palin...

 (189), industries, weaving
Weaving
Weaving is a method of fabric production in which two distinct sets of yarns or threads are interlaced at right angles to form a fabric or cloth. The other methods are knitting, lace making and felting. The longitudinal threads are called the warp and the lateral threads are the weft or filling...

 and poultry farms (538) are also developing in the Tangail district. Tangail is the home of the weavers of world famous "Tangail Saree" a handloom saree made of both cotton and silk thread having handworked butti design or all over flowery design or contemporary art motiff appreciated, bought, and used by women's & girls of Bangladesh and Indian origin living all over the world. Tangail Saree is the most popular among all sarees. Some of the Weavers have migrated to India after partition in 1947. Haridas Basak a leading Saree merchant in Tangail who helped the weavers to settledown at Fulia, Samudragarh and Dhatrigram in west Bengal his Saree shop is still in Tangail.

Transport

Tangail has a station on a new broad gauge
Broad gauge
Broad-gauge railways use a track gauge greater than the standard gauge of .- List :For list see: List of broad gauges, by gauge and country- History :...

 line of Bangladesh Railway
Bangladesh Railway
Bangladesh Railway is the state-owned rail transport agency of Bangladesh. It operates and maintains the entire railway network of the country...

s which connects the western and eastern systems.And by road via Tangail with north bengal.Ricksha and van is popular Vehicle in Tangail city.It is very easy to transport from the district city to other six district city. By bus to all district or by train communication with 4 districts.

Heritage of Tangail

  • Porabari Cham-Cham
  • Tangail Tanter Saree
  • Household utensils made of bell metal
  • Madhupur Pineapple
    Pineapple
    Pineapple is the common name for a tropical plant and its edible fruit, which is actually a multiple fruit consisting of coalesced berries. It was given the name pineapple due to its resemblance to a pine cone. The pineapple is by far the most economically important plant in the Bromeliaceae...

  • Seetal Pati (Hinganagar Village)
  • Bananas (Modhupur gor)
  • Jackfruit(Modhupur,Ghatail)
  • An old tree named Tomal at Gupta Brindaban,Ghatail.

See also

  • One of the most important union is Warshi paik para in Mirzapur,tangail.there are many schools and colleges.But there is no well prepared road(Mirzapur to warshi).So as a member of warshi union,we want to help from our Govt.
  • In Warshi Union in Mirzapur there is a oldest High School (Maishamura Basanto Kumari Highshcool est. 1924) held clebrating 90 years.
  • Districts of Bangladesh.
  • Dhaka Division.
  • Tangail Airdrop.

  • Ghatail(Shahid Salauddin)Cantonment, Tangail.
  • Kumudini Hospital,Founder: Ranoda Proshad Shaha, Mirzapur, Tangail.
  • Mirzapur cadet collage, Tangail.
  • Mohera police training center, Mirzapur, Tangail.
  • Dhanbari sweets
  • Education welfare Trust, Nordahi,Kalihati,Tangail. It is a service institution.

Footnotes

Books:
1.
2.History of Rowha, a small village of Ghatail: Kamruzzaman Mihir.
3.What you should know to be healthy: Kamruzzaman Mihir.
4.Collection of poems: Kamruzzaman Mihir.
5.Jhinai Parer Kotha: Kamruzzaman Mihir.
6.Kajol Beeler Kabbo: Kamruzzaman Mihir.
7.Sriety education family tangail.
8.Education welfare Trust, Nordahi,Kalihati,Tangail. It is a service institution.

External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
x
OK