Table of pistol and rifle cartridges by year
Encyclopedia
Table of selected handgun, submachine gun, rifle and machine gun cartridges by year.
| Name | Date | Nation | Size Metric |
Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| .22 Short .22 Short .22 Short is a variety of .22 caliber rimfire ammunition. Developed in 1857 for the first Smith and Wesson revolver, the .22 rimfire was the first American metallic cartridge.... |
1857 | USA | Oldest commercial cartridge being loaded today | |
| .577 Snider .577 Snider The .577 Snider cartridge was a British black powder metallic cartridge, which fired a .577" 480gr lead projectile, primarily used in the Snider-Enfield rifle.... |
1866 | England | 14.5x51mm Rimmed | The first black powder cartridge for British military use. |
| .50 Remington (M71 Army) | 1867 | USA | 12.7mm | .508 |
| .450 Boxer/.450 Revolver/.450 Adams Robert Adams of London Robert Adams was a 19th-century British gunsmith who patented the first successful double-action revolver in 1851. His revolvers were used during the Crimean War, the Indian Mutiny, the U.S. Civil War, and the Anglo-Zulu War.-Dean and Adams:... |
1868 | United Kingdom | 10.75x58mm Rimmed | Designed by American inventor/soldier Hiram Berdan, adpopted by Russia in trapdoor 1868 and turnbolt 1870 Berdan Rifles. Also known as the .42 Berdan or 4.2 Line Berdan. |
| .44 S&W .44 S&W American The .44 S&W American is an American centerfire revolver cartridge.Used in the Smith & Wesson Model 3, it was introduced around 1869. Between 1871 and 1873, the .44 Model 3 was used as the standard United States Army sidearm. It was also offered in the Merwin Hulbert & Co... (Smith & Wesson Smith & Wesson Smith & Wesson is the largest manufacturer of handguns in the United States. The corporate headquarters is in Springfield, Massachusetts. Founded in 1852, Smith & Wesson's pistols and revolvers have become standard issue to police and armed forces throughout the world... ) |
1869 | USA | 11.0x29mm Rimmed | |
| .577/450 Martini-Henry .577/450 Martini-Henry The .577/450 Martini-Henry was a black powder, centerfire round used by the British and British Empire militaries prior to the adoption of the .303 calibre cartridge used in the Lee-Metford, Martini-Enfield, and Lee-Enfield series of rifles alongside the Nepalese Bira gun... |
1871 | England | 11.43x60R (61R)mm Rimmed | The second black powder cartridge for British military use. Evolved from the .577 Snider, lengthened and necked down to .45 (nominal) caliber. Used in the Martini rifles from 1871 to the present. |
| 11x60mm Mauser 11x60mm Mauser The 11mm Mauser was a blackpowder cartridge developed for the Mauser Model 1871 rifle, and used later in the 71/84 variant. It is no longer in production, but is available from custom loaders, and dies exist to handload it. It is also known as .43 Mauser.... |
1871 | Germany | 11x60mm Rimmed | The first black powder cartridge adopted in large numbers by the unified German Army, it was used in the 1871 and 1871/84 rifles. |
| .50-90 Sharps .50-90 Sharps The .50-90 Sharps rifle cartridge is a black powder cartridge that was introduced by Sharps Rifle Manufacturing Company in 1872 as a buffalo hunting round... |
1872 | USA | ||
| The mainstay of the American bison Bison Members of the genus Bison are large, even-toed ungulates within the subfamily Bovinae. Two extant and four extinct species are recognized... (buffalo) hunter |
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| .45-70 Government .45-70 The .45-70 rifle cartridge, also known as .45-70 Government, was developed at the U.S. Army's Springfield Armory for use in the Springfield Model 1873... |
1873 | USA | ||
| One of the oldest centerfire cartridges still in commercial production | ||||
| .44-40 Winchester Winchester Repeating Arms Company The Winchester Repeating Arms Company was a prominent American maker of repeating firearms, located in New Haven, Connecticut. The Winchester brand is today used under license by two subsidiaries of the Herstal Group, Fabrique Nationale of Belgium and the Browning Arms Company of Morgan, Utah.-... |
1873 | USA | ||
| .427 | ||||
| .45 Colt .45 Colt The .45 Colt cartridge is a handgun cartridge dating to 1872. It began as a black powder revolver round developed for the Colt Single Action Army revolver, but is offered as a magnum level handgun hunting round in modern usage. This cartridge was adopted by the U.S. Army in 1873 and served as the... |
1873 | USA | 11.58x32mm | Used in both pistol and rifle, sometimes referred to as .45 Long Colt or .45 LC |
| 11mm Gras | 1874 | France | 11x59mm Rimmed | The first French brass cartridge for military use |
| .32 S&W .32 S&W The .32 S&W cartridge was introduced in 1878 for the Smith & Wesson model 1½ revolver. It was originally designed as a black powder cartridge.The .32 S&W was offered to the public as a light, defense cartridge, for "card table" distances.... (Smith & Wesson) |
1878 | USA | ||
| .476 Enfield .476 Enfield The .476 Enfield is a British centrefire black powder revolver cartridge.... |
1880 | United Kingdom | 11.6mm | also known as .476 Eley |
| 11x60mm Murata | 1880 | Japan | 11 x 60mm Rimmed | The first black powder cartridge adopted in large numbers by the Japanese Army, it was used in the Murata Murata In Japanese, Murata means ‘village rice paddy’. It is a surname and also a company name that is found throughout Japan, but not in large numbers... rifle, a hybrid of French Gras and German Mausers 1871 and 1871/84 rifles. |
| .32-20 Winchester .32-20 Winchester The .32-20 Winchester, also known as the .32 WCF , was the first small-game lever-action cartridge thatWinchester produced. It was initially introduced as a blackpowder cartridge in 1882 for small-game, varmint hunting, and deer. Colt produced a single-action pistol chambered for this cartridge a... |
1882 | USA | ||
| .38-55 Winchester .38-55 Winchester The .38-55 Winchester cartridge is named for its approximately .38 caliber bullet and was introduced in 1876 by Ballard which belonged to Marlin Firearms from 1875 on for various single-shot target rifles and in their 1893 lever action. It was later used by Winchester for its Model 1894... |
1884 | USA | ||
| 8x50R mm Lebel | 1886 | France | 8x50mm Rimmed | Adapted from the 11mm Gras. The first smokeless powder cartridge for military use, started the small-bore smokeless revolution |
| 8x53Rmm Murata | 1880 | Japan | 8x53mm Rimmed | A necked-down version of the 11mm Murata cartridge. |
| .30-40 Krag .30-40 Krag The .30-40 Krag was a cartridge developed in the early 1890s to provide the U.S. armed forces with a smokeless powder cartridge suited for use with modern small-bore repeating rifles to be selected in the 1892 small arm trials... |
1892 | USA | .308 7.82mm |
|
| .38 S&W .38 S&W The .38 S&W is a revolver cartridge developed by Smith & Wesson in 1877. Though similar in name, it is not interchangeable with the later .38 Smith and Wesson Special due to a different case shape and slightly larger bullet diameter.... (Smith & Wesson) |
1877 | USA | 4th/5th Oldest commercial cartridge being loaded today | |
| .38 Long Colt .38 Long Colt The .38 Long Colt is a cartridge introduced by Colt's Manufacturing Company in 1875, and was adopted as a standard military pistol cartridge by the United States Army in 1892 for the Colt New Army M1892 Revolver. It is slightly more powerful than the .38 Short Colt, or .38 SC. The .38 Long Colt... |
1877 | USA | 9.65mm | |
| 7.92 x 57 mm Mauser | 1888 | Germany | 7.92x57mm | a.k.a. 8x57mm Mauser and 8mm Mauser |
| .455 Webley .455 Webley .455 Webley is a British handgun cartridge, most commonly used in the Webley top break revolvers Marks I through VI.The .455 cartridge was a service revolver cartridge, featuring a rimmed cartridge firing a .45 bullet at the relatively low velocity of 650 ft/s... |
1889 | United Kingdom | 11.5mm | year of approval |
| 7.5 x 55 Schmidt Rubin 7.5 x 55 Schmidt Rubin The 7.5×55mm Swiss or GP 11 is a cartridge developed for the Swiss Army by Lt. Col. Eduard Rubin for rifles based on Rudolf Schmidt's action design. The ammunition used by the Schmidt-Rubin Model 1889 rifle was one of the first to use 7.5 mm copper jacketed rounds similar to those used today... |
1889 | Switzerland | 7.5x55mm | a.k.a. GP-11 |
| 7.62x54mmR 7.62 x 54 mm R The 7.62×54mmR is a rimmed rifle cartridge developed by the Russian Empire and was introduced as a service cartridge in 1891. Originally designed for the bolt-action Mosin–Nagant rifle, it was used during the late Tsarist era and throughout the Soviet period to the present day... |
1891 | Russia | 7.62x54mm | Oldest cartridge still in official military use, used in SVD Dragunov with Russia and the PSL rifles with many other countries. |
| .303 British .303 British .303 British, or 7.7x56mmR, is a .311 inch calibre rifle and machine gun cartridge first developed in Britain as a blackpowder round put into service in December 1888 for the Lee-Metford rifle, later adapted to use smokeless powders... |
1889 | Britain | 7.7x56mm | |
| 9 x 57 Mauser | 1890s | Germany | 9.06x56.8mm | - |
| 7 x 57 mm Mauser 7 x 57 mm Mauser The 7×57mm cartridge, also known as the 7 mm Mauser, 7×57mm Mauser, 7 mm Spanish Mauser in the USA and .275 Rigby in the United Kingdom, was developed by Paul Mauser of the Mauser company in 1892 and adopted as a military cartridge by Spain in 1893. It was subsequently adopted by several... |
1892 | Germany | 7x57mm | |
| 7.63 x 25 mm Mauser | 1893 | Germany | 7.62x25mm | Based on 7.65x25mm Borchardt 7.65x25mm Borchardt The 7.65×25mm Borchardt cartridge was designed by Hugo Borchardt. It was the ammunition of the Borchardt C-93 pistol. This cartridge provided the basis for the 7.63×25mm Mauser cartridge, which has similar dimensions but a stronger powder charge... ; most famous for use in Mauser C96 Mauser C96 The Mauser C96 is a semi-automatic pistol that was originally produced by German arms manufacturer Mauser from 1896 to 1937... pistol. Basis for 7.62x25mm Tokarev round. |
| 6.5 x 55 mm 6.5 x 55 mm 6.5×55mm or 6.5×55mm SE is a rifle cartridge developed in 1891 for use in the new rifles then under consideration by the Swedish-Norwegian Kingdom. The two nations had independent armies... |
1895 | Union of Sweden and Norway | 6.5x55mm | |
| .30-30 Winchester | 1895 | USA | ||
| First smokeless cartridge designed for big game hunting | ||||
| .450 Nitro Express .450 Nitro Express .450 Nitro Express designed for the purpose of hunting large game such as elephant. This cartridge is used almost exclusively in single shot and double express rifles for hunting at the Tropics or hot climates in general and is a cartridge associated with the Golden Age of African safaris and... |
1895 | United Kingdom | J. Rigby smokeless cartridge based upon .450 Black Powder Express | |
| .32 S&W Long .32 S&W Long The .32 S&W Long is a straight-walled, centerfire, rimmed handgun cartridge, based on the earlier .32 S&W cartridge. It was introduced in 1896 for Smith & Wesson's first-model Hand Ejector revolver... (Smith & Wesson |
1896 | USA | ||
| long .32 S&W | ||||
| 6.5 mm Arisaka | 1897 | Japan | 6.5x50mm | |
| 7.65mm Browning .32 ACP .32 ACP , also known as the .32 Automatic is a pistol cartridge. It is a semi-rimmed, straight-walled cartridge developed by firearms designer John Browning, initially for use in the FN M1900 semi-automatic pistol... |
1899 | Belgium | ||
| .32 ACP | ||||
| 7.65 mm Parabellum | 1900 | Germany | ||
| Also .30 Parabellum or .30 Para and (wrongly) .30 Luger | ||||
| .450 | circa 1900 | United Kingdom | bottle necked cartridge for the Webley-Mars Automatic Pistol Mars Automatic Pistol The Mars Automatic Pistol, also sometimes known as the Webley-Mars, was a semi-automatic pistol developed in 1900 by the Englishman Hugh Gabbet-Fairfax and distributed by the Mars Automatic Pistol Syndicate Ltd. of Birmingham. It was manufactured first by Webley & Scott and later by small gunmakers... |
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| 9x19mm Parabellum | 1902 | Germany | 9x19mm | 9mm Parabellum, 9mm Para, or (incorrectly) 9mm Luger |
| .38 Special .38 Special The .38 Smith & Wesson Special is a rimmed, centerfire cartridge designed by Smith & Wesson. It is most commonly used in revolvers, although some semi-automatic pistols and carbines also use this round... |
1902 | USA | ||
| .600 Nitro Express .600 Nitro Express The .600 Nitro Express is a round in the Nitro Express series which was introduced in 1903. It is the second largest calibre in the Nitro Express line, exceeded only by Holland & Holland's .700 Nitro Express round.-Overview:... |
1903 | United Kingdom | Jeffrey, 900 gr bullet 1950 ft/s (594.4 m/s) at muzzle | |
| .45 ACP .45 ACP The .45 ACP , also known as the .45 Auto by C.I.P., is a cartridge designed by John Browning in 1904, for use in his prototype Colt semi-automatic .45 pistol and eventually the M1911 pistol adopted by the United States Army in 1911.-Design and history:The U.S... |
1905 | USA | 11.43x23mm | Automatic Colt Pistol, first self-loading U.S. Army pistol Pistol When distinguished as a subset of handguns, a pistol is a handgun with a chamber that is integral with the barrel, as opposed to a revolver, wherein the chamber is separate from the barrel as a revolving cylinder. Typically, pistols have an effective range of about 100 feet.-History:The pistol... round |
| 9.3 x 62 mm | 1905 | Germany | Designed by Otto Bock for use in magazine rifles, e.g. Mauser 98, for African game | |
| .32 Winchester Self-Loading .32 Winchester Self-Loading The .32 Winchester Self-Loading is an American rifle cartridge.Winchester introduced the .32SL and .35SL cartridges in the Winchester '05 self-loading rifle, a centerfire version of the Winchester '03... |
1905 | USA | ||
| a.k.a .32 WSL or .32 SL. Only chambered commercially in the Winchester Model 1905 Winchester Model 1905 The Winchester Model 1905 , is a blowback-operated, semi-automatic rifle produced by the Winchester Repeating Arms Company beginning in 1905 and discontinued in 1920. This rifle loads cartridges from a 5 or 10-round capacity, detachable box magazine located immediately forward of the trigger guard... rifle |
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| .35 Winchester Self-Loading .35 Winchester Self-Loading The .35 Winchester Self-Loading is an American rifle cartridge.Winchester introduced the .32SL and .35SL in the Winchester '05 self-loading rifle as a centerfire cartridge version of the Winchester '03... |
1905 | USA | ||
| a.k.a .35 WSL or .35 SL. Only chambered commercially in the Winchester Model 1905 Winchester Model 1905 The Winchester Model 1905 , is a blowback-operated, semi-automatic rifle produced by the Winchester Repeating Arms Company beginning in 1905 and discontinued in 1920. This rifle loads cartridges from a 5 or 10-round capacity, detachable box magazine located immediately forward of the trigger guard... rifle |
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| .351 Winchester Self-Loading .351 Winchester Self-Loading The .351 Winchester Self-Loading is an American rifle cartridge.Winchester introduced the .351SL in the Winchester Model 1907 self-loading rifle as a replacement for the Winchester Model 1905 and the .35SL... |
1906 | USA | ||
| a.k.a. .351 WSL or .351 SL. Only chambered commercially in the Winchester Model 1907 Winchester Model 1907 The Winchester Model 1907 , is a blowback-operated, semi-automatic rifle produced by the Winchester Repeating Arms Company beginning in 1906 with production ending in 1958. It was fed from a 5 or 10-round capacity, detachable box magazine located immediately forward of the trigger guard... rifle |
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| .35 Remington .35 Remington The .35 Remington is the only remaining cartridge from Remington's lineup of medium power rimless cartridges still in commercial production. Introduced in 1906, it was originally chambered for the Remington Model 8 semi-automatic rifle in 1908.-History:... |
1906 | USA | ||
| .25 ACP .25 ACP The .25 ACP centerfire pistol cartridge is a semi-rimmed, straight-walled pistol cartridge introduced by John Browning in 1905 alongside the Fabrique Nationale model 1905 pistol... |
1906 | USA | 6.35mm | |
| .30-06 Springfield .30-06 Springfield The .30-06 Springfield cartridge or 7.62×63mm in metric notation, was introduced to the United States Army in 1906 and standardized, and was in use until the 1960s and early 1970s. It replaced the .30-03, 6 mm Lee Navy, and .30 US Army... |
1906 | USA | 7.62x63mm | |
| .470 Nitro Express .470 Nitro Express The .470 Nitro Express is a cartridge developed in England for very large or dangerous game hunting. This cartridge is used almost exclusively in single shot and double express rifles for hunting in the tropics or hot climate... |
1907 | Britain | ||
| Joseph Lang | ||||
| .44 Special .44 Special The .44 Special or .44 S&W Special is a smokeless powder center fire metallic cartridge developed by Smith & Wesson in 1907 as the standard chambering for their New Century revolver, introduced in 1908.-Development history:... |
1908 | USA | ||
| 2 mm Kolibri 2 mm Kolibri The 2 mm Kolibri is the smallest commercially available centerfire cartridge, patented in 1910 and introduced in 1914 by Franz Pfannl, an Austrian watchmaker, with financial support from Georg Grabner... |
1910 | USA | 2mm | Smallest round ever manufactured |
| .401 Winchester Self-Loading .401 Winchester Self-Loading The .401 Winchester Self-Loading is an American rifle cartridge.Winchester introduced the .401SL in the Winchester '10 self-loading rifle as a supplement to the Winchester '07 and the .351SL in their offering of hi-power, self-loading rifles... |
1910 | USA | 10.31x38mm | a.k.a. .401 WSL or .401 SL. Only chambered commercially in the Winchester Model 1910 Winchester Model 1910 The Winchester Model 1910 is a blowback operated semi-automatic rifle rifle produced by the Winchester Repeating Arms Company beginning in 1910 with production ending in 1936. This rifle is fed from a 4-round capacity, detachable box magazine located immediately forward of the trigger guard... and the Belgian Clement-Neumann rifle |
| 9mm Browning Short .380 ACP The .380 ACP pistol cartridge is a rimless, straight-walled pistol cartridge developed by firearms designer John Browning. The cartridge headspaces on the mouth of the case. It was introduced in 1908 by Colt, and has been a popular self-defense cartridge ever since... |
1912 | Belgium | ||
| also called .380 Automatic & .380 ACP | ||||
| .375 Flanged Holland & Holland | 1912 | England | ||
| Rimmed cartridge for double-guns that became, with addition of a headspacing belt for magazine rifles, the .375 H&H Magnum | ||||
| .250-3000 Savage .250-3000 Savage The .250-3000 Savage is a rifle cartridge created by Charles Newton in 1915 and is also known as the .250 Savage. The name comes from its original manufacturer, Savage Arms and the fact that the original load achieved a 3000 ft/s velocity with an 87 grain bullet.-Background:Charles Newton... |
1915 | USA | ||
| 3000 ft/s (910 m/s) | ||||
| .300 Savage .300 Savage The .300 Savage cartridge is a rimless, .30 caliber rifle cartridge developed by the Savage Arms Company in 1920. It was designed to replace the less powerful .303 Savage in their popular Savage Model 99 lever-action rifle... |
1920 | USA | ||
| - | ||||
| .50 BMG .50 BMG The .50 Browning Machine Gun or 12.7×99mm NATO is a cartridge developed for the Browning .50 caliber machine gun in the late 1910s. Entering service officially in 1921, the round is based on a greatly scaled-up .30-06 cartridge... |
1921 | USA | 12.7x99mm | used in Heavy Machine Guns and anti-materiel rifle Anti-materiel rifle An anti-materiel rifle is a rifle that is designed for use against military equipment rather than against other combatants .... s |
| 7.5×57mm MAS mod. 1924 | 1924 | France | 7.8x57mm | 7.5×54mm French used in fusil-mitrailleur mle 1924 |
| .270 Winchester .270 Winchester The .270 Winchester was developed by Winchester Repeating Arms Company in 1923 and unveiled in 1925 as a chambering for their bolt-action Model 54. The cartridge is based upon the .30-06 Springfield... |
1925 | USA | ||
| .38 Super Auto | 1929 | USA | ||
| a.k.a. .38 Super and .38 Colt Auto | ||||
| .22 Hornet .22 Hornet The .22 Hornet is a low-end vermin, small-game and predator centerfire rifle cartridge. It is considerably more powerful than the .22 WMR and the .17 HMR, achieving higher velocity with a bullet twice the weight. The Hornet also differs very significantly from these in that it is not a rimfire... |
1930 | USA | ||
| First centerfire cartridge widely adapted for varminting | ||||
| 7.92 DS 7.92 DS The 7.92 mm DS was a Polish 7.92 mm anti-tank ammunition designed specifically for use with the karabin przeciwpancerny wz.35 anti-tank rifle... |
1934 | Poland | 7.92x107mm | Used for kbk ppanc wz.35 anti-tank rifle Anti-tank rifle An anti-tank rifle is a rifle designed to penetrate the armour of vehicles, particularly tanks. The usefulness of rifles for this purpose ran from the introduction of tanks in World War I and until the Korean War... |
| .357 Magnum .357 Magnum The .357 S&W Magnum , or simply .357 Magnum, is a revolver cartridge created by Elmer Keith, Phillip B. Sharpe, Colonel D. B. Wesson of firearms manufacturer Smith & Wesson, and Winchester. It is based upon Smith & Wesson's earlier .38 Special cartridge. The .357 Magnum cartridge was introduced in... |
1935 | USA | ||
| Lengthened .38 Special, most powerful handgun round after .44 Walker Walker Colt The Colt Walker is a single action revolver with a revolving cylinder holding six charges of black powder behind six bullets. It was designed in 1846 as a collaboration between Captain Samuel Hamilton Walker and American firearms inventor Samuel Colt.... |
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| .220 Swift .220 Swift The .220 Swift is a semi-rimmed rifle cartridge developed by Winchester and introduced in 1935. It was the first factory loaded rifle cartridge with a muzzle velocity of over... |
1935 | USA | ||
| .348 Winchester .348 Winchester The .348 Winchester is an American rifle cartridge. It was introduced in 1936, and developed for the Winchester Model 71 lever rifle. The .348 was one of the most powerful rimmed rounds ever used in a lever rifle.-Performance:... |
1936 | USA | ||
| One of the most powerful rimmed cartridges ever used in a lever rifle. | ||||
| 7.92mm Kurz | 1938 | Germany | ||
| first assault rifle Assault rifle An assault rifle is a selective fire rifle that uses an intermediate cartridge and a detachable magazine. Assault rifles are the standard infantry weapons in most modern armies... round, used in MKb 42 |
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| 6.5 x 68 | 1939 | Germany | ||
| 8 x 68 S | 1939 | Germany | ||
| .218 Bee .218 Bee The .218 Bee is a .22 caliber centerfire rifle cartridge designed for varmint hunting by Winchester in 1938. The cartridge was originally chambered in lever-action rifles, which may have ultimately led to its lack of popularity... |
1938 | USA | ||
| 7.7mm Arisaka | 1939 | Japan | ||
| .30 Carbine .30 Carbine The .30 Carbine is the cartridge used in the M1 Carbine introduced in the 1940s. It is an intermediate round designed to be fired from the M1 carbine's 18-inch barrel.-History:... |
1940 | USA | 7.62x33mm | |
| 7.62 x 39 mm | 1943 | USSR | ||
| .311, based on 7.92mm Kurz | ||||
| .280 British .280 British The .280 British was an experimental intermediate rifle cartridge. It was later designated 7 mm MK1Z, and has also been known as 7 mm NATO, .280/30, .280 Enfield, .280 NATO, 7 mm FN Short, and 7×43mm. It was designed by the British Army in the late 1940s, with subsequent help from... |
1948 | United Kingdom | 7mm | also known as 7mm FN Short, intermediate round adopted in 1951 |
| .222 Remington .222 Remington The .222 Remington aka the Triple Deuce/Triple Two/Treble Two is a centerfire rifle cartridge introduced in 1950, and was the first commercial rimless .22 cartridge made in the United States... |
1950 | USA | ||
| 7.62x51mm 7.62×51mm NATO The 7.62×51mm NATO is a rifle cartridge developed in the 1950s as a standard for small arms among NATO countries... |
1950 | Belgium/USA | ||
| NATO (1953), T65 .308 | ||||
| .308 Winchester 7.62×51mm NATO The 7.62×51mm NATO is a rifle cartridge developed in the 1950s as a standard for small arms among NATO countries... |
1955 | USA | ||
| Civilian 7.62mm NATO | ||||
| .44 Remington Magnum .44 Magnum The .44 Remington Magnum, or simply .44 Magnum, is a large-bore cartridge originally designed for revolvers. After introduction, it was quickly adopted for carbines and rifles... |
1955 | USA | ||
| Long .44 Special | ||||
| .223 Remington .223 Remington The .223 Remington is a sporting cartridge with almost the same external dimensions as the 5.56×45mm NATO military cartridge. The name is commonly pronounced either two-two-three or two-twenty-three. It is loaded with a diameter, jacketed bullet, with weights ranging from , though the most common... |
1955 | USA | ||
| Long .222 Remington | ||||
| .243 Winchester .243 Winchester The .243 Winchester is a popular sporting rifle cartridge. Initially designed as a varmint round, it is now more frequently used on medium to large game such as whitetail deer, mule deer, pronghorn, wild hogs, and even black bear and caribou... |
1955 | USA | 6x51mm | .308 Winchester .308 Winchester The .308 Winchester is a rifle cartridge and is the commercial cartridge upon which the military 7.62x51mm NATO centerfire cartridge is based. The .308 Winchester was introduced in 1952, two years prior to the NATO adoption of the 7.62x51mm NATO T65... necked down to 6mm |
| .458 Winchester Magnum .458 Winchester Magnum The .458 Winchester Magnum is a belted, straight-taper cased, dangerous game rifle cartridge. It was introduced commercially in 1956 by Winchester and first chambered in the Winchester Model 70 African rifle. It was designed to compete against the .450 Nitro Express and the .470 Nitro Express... |
1956 | USA | ||
| .280 Remington .280 Remington The .280 Remington, also known as the 7 mm Express Remington, was introduced in 1957 for the Remington model 740, 760, 721 and 725 rifles. The .280 is based on the .30-06 Springfield necked down to accept 7 mm bullets, with the neck moved forward .050in... |
1957 | USA | ||
| from .30-06 | ||||
| .460 Weatherby | 1958 | USA | .458 11.63mm |
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| .454 Casull .454 Casull The .454 Casull is a firearm cartridge, developed in 1957 by Dick Casull and Jack Fulmer. It was first announced in November 1959 by Guns & Ammo magazine. The basic design was a lengthened and structurally improved .45 Colt case... |
1959 | USA | ||
| Long .45 Colt, most powerful handgun round until 1990s | ||||
| 5.56 × 45 mm NATO | 1960 | USA | ||
| .256 Winchester Magnum .256 Winchester Magnum The .256 Winchester Magnum was a firearms cartridge developed by Winchester, and was produced by necking-down a .357 Magnum cartridge to .257 diameter. It was designed for shooting small game and varmints. Introduced in 1960, Winchester offered ammo and reloading components into the early 1990s.... |
1962 | USA | ||
| formed from .357 Magnum | ||||
| 7 mm Remington Magnum 7 mm Remington Magnum The 7mm Remington Magnum rifle cartridge was introduced as a commercially available round in 1962, along with the new Remington Model 700 bolt action rifle. It is a member of the belted magnum family that is directly derived from the venerable .375 H&H Magnum... |
1962 | USA | ||
| .300 Winchester Magnum .300 Winchester Magnum The .300 Winchester Magnum is a popular, belted, bottlenecked magnum rifle cartridge that was introduced by Winchester Repeating Arms Company in 1963 as a member of the family of Winchester Magnum cartridges. The .300 Winchester Magnum is a magnum cartridge designed to fit in a standard length... |
1963 | USA | ||
| .41 Remington Magnum .41 Remington Magnum Introduced in 1964 by the Remington Arms Company, the .41 Remington Magnum is a center fire firearms cartridge primarily developed for use in large-frame revolvers intended for hunting and law enforcement purposes.- Development :... |
1964 | USA | ||
| .444 Marlin .444 Marlin The .444 Marlin is a rifle cartridge designed in 1964 by Marlin Firearms and Remington Arms. It was designed to fill in a gap for the older .45-70 at a time when that cartridge was not currently available in any lever action, making it the largest at the time available lever-action cartridge... |
1964 | USA | ||
| long .44 Magnum, actual bore .429 | ||||
| .22-250 Remington .22-250 Remington The .22-250 Remington is a very high-velocity , short action, .22 caliber rifle cartridge primarily used for varmint hunting and small game hunting, though it finds occasional use on deer. This cartridge is also sometimes known as the 22 Varminter or the 22 Wotkyns Original Swift... |
1965 | USA | ||
| Varminter | ||||
| 5 mm Remington Rimfire Magnum 5 mm Remington Rimfire Magnum The 5 mm Remington Rimfire Magnum is an obsolete bottlenecked rimfire cartridge introduced by Remington Arms Company in 1970. Remington chambered it in a pair of bolt-action rifles, the Model 591 and Model 592, but the round never became very popular, and the rifles were discontinued in 1974.... |
1970 | USA | 5mm (.2045) | |
| .44 AMP | 1971 | USA | ||
| .429 | ||||
| .30 Herrett | 1973 | USA | ||
| short .30-30 Winchester | ||||
| 5.45 x 39 mm M74 | 1974 | USSR | ||
| AK-74, .215 | ||||
| .22 PPC .22 PPC .22 PPC is a firearm cartridge used primarily in benchrest shooting. It was designed by Dr. Louis Palmisano and Ferris Pindell in 1974 and was originally a wildcat cartridge until 1987, when SAKO, a Finnish firearms manufacturer, began producing commercial .22 PPC rifles and ammunition... |
1974 | USA | ||
| 6 mm PPC 6 mm PPC The 6 mm PPC , or 6 PPC as it is more often called, is a centerfire rifle cartridge used almost exclusively for benchrest shooting. At distances out to 300 yards, it is one of the most accurate cartridges available... |
1975 | USA | ||
| from .22 PPC, .243 | ||||
| 6.5 mm JDJ | 1978 | USA | ||
| From .225 case | ||||
| .45 Winchester Magnum | 1979 | USA | ||
| long .45 ACP | ||||
| 5.56mm SS–109 | 1979 | Belgium | ||
| NATO (1980), 2nd gen. | ||||
| 7 mm-08 Remington 7 mm-08 Remington The 7mm-08 Remington is a rifle cartridge that is almost a direct copy of a wildcat cartridge developed around 1958 known as the 7mm/308. As these names would suggest, it is the .308 Winchester case necked down to accept 7 mm bullets with a small increase in case length... |
1980 | USA | ||
| .308 Winchester .308 Winchester The .308 Winchester is a rifle cartridge and is the commercial cartridge upon which the military 7.62x51mm NATO centerfire cartridge is based. The .308 Winchester was introduced in 1952, two years prior to the NATO adoption of the 7.62x51mm NATO T65... case necked down to 7mm (.284") |
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| 10 mm Auto 10 mm Auto The 10mm Auto is a semi-automatic pistol cartridge developed by Jeff Cooper and introduced in 1983 for the Bren Ten pistol. It was initially produced by ammunitions manufacturer FFV Norma AB of Åmotfors, Sweden.Although it was selected by the F.B.I. for use in the field following the 1986 F.B.I... |
1983 | Sweden | ||
| .338 Lapua Magnum | 1983 | Finland | 8.6x70mm | Designed for military sniper rifles |
| .32 H&R Magnum .32 H&R Magnum The .32 H&R Magnum is a rimmed cartridge designed for use in revolvers. It was developed in 1984 as a joint venture between Harrington & Richardson and Federal Cartridge... |
1984 | USA | ||
| long .32 S&W Long | ||||
| .41 Action Express .41 Action Express The .41 Action Express is a pistol cartridge developed in the 1980s to reproduce the performance of the .41 Magnum cartridge in semi-automatic pistols.-History:... |
1986 | USA | ||
| Action Express | ||||
| 5.6mm GP 90 | 1987 | Switzerland | 5.6×45mm | for SIG-Sauer 550, 551, and 552 |
| 5.8mm DBP87 | 1987 | China | 5.8×42mm | - |
| .416 Remington Magnum .416 Remington Magnum The .416 Remington Magnum is a .416 caliber of a belted bottle-necked design. The cartridge was intended as a dangerous game hunting cartridge and released to the public in 1989. The cartridge uses the case of the 8 mm Remington Magnum as a parent cartridge. When the cartridge was released in... |
1988 | USA | ||
| .50 AE .50 Action Express The .50 Action Express is a large caliber handgun cartridge. It was developed in 1988 by Evan Whildin of Action Arms. The .50 AE is one of the most powerful pistol cartridges in production.-Overview:... |
1988 | USA | ||
| for IMI Desert Eagle | ||||
| .40 S&W .40 S&W The .40 S&W is a rimless pistol cartridge developed jointly by major American firearms manufacturers Winchester and Smith & Wesson. The .40 S&W was developed from the ground up as a law enforcement cartridge designed to duplicate performance of the FBI's reduced velocity 10mm cartridge which could... |
1990 | USA | ||
| 5.7x28mm | 1990 | Belgium | 5.7x28mm | Bottlenecked high velocity PDW cartridge designed by FN Herstal in conjunction with the FN P90 FN P90 The FN P90 is a selective fire personal defense weapon designed and manufactured by FN Herstal in Belgium. The P90's name is taken from 1990, the year it was introduced... personal defense weapon and FN Five-seven pistol |
| .307 Winchester .307 Winchester The 307 Winchester cartridge was introduced by Winchester in 1982 to meet the demand of .300 Savage performance in a lever-action rifle equipped with a tubular magazine... |
1982 | USA | ||
| Rimmed version of the .308 Winchester .308 Winchester The .308 Winchester is a rifle cartridge and is the commercial cartridge upon which the military 7.62x51mm NATO centerfire cartridge is based. The .308 Winchester was introduced in 1952, two years prior to the NATO adoption of the 7.62x51mm NATO T65... , for use in lever-action rifles |
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| .224 Boz | ||||
| Britain | ||||
| 5.56x23mm, in 10mm case | ||||
| .357 SIG .357 SIG The .357 SIG pistol cartridge is the product of Swiss-German firearms manufacturer SIG-Sauer, in cooperation with the American ammunition manufacturer Federal Cartridge. While it is based on a .40 S&W case necked down to accept bullets, the .357 SIG brass is slightly longer... |
1994 | Germany/USA | ||
| .400 Corbon .400 Corbon The .400 Corbon is an automatic pistol cartridge developed by Cor-Bon in 1997. It was created to mimic the ballistics of the powerful 10 mm Auto cartridge by means of a .45 ACP case, necked down to .40 caliber with a 25 degree shoulder.... |
1997 | USA | ||
| .45ACP necked down to .40 caliber | ||||
| .450 Marlin .450 Marlin The .450 Marlin is a firearms cartridge designed as a modernized equivalent to the venerable .45-70 lever-action cartridge. It was designed by a joint team of Marlin and Hornady engineers headed by Hornady's Mitch Mittelstaedt, and was released in 2000, with cartridges manufactured by Hornady and... |
2000 | USA | ||
| Derived from .45-70 .45-70 The .45-70 rifle cartridge, also known as .45-70 Government, was developed at the U.S. Army's Springfield Armory for use in the Springfield Model 1873... |
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| 4.6x30mm | 2000 | Germany | ||
| Bottlenecked high velocity PDW cartridge designed by Heckler & Koch Heckler & Koch Heckler & Koch GmbH is a German defense manufacturing company that produces various small arms. Some of their products include the SA80, MP5 submachine gun, G3 automatic rifle, the G36 assault rifle, the HK 416, the MP7 personal defense weapon, the USP series of handguns, and the high-precision... in conjunction with the Heckler & Koch MP7 Heckler & Koch MP7 The MP7 is a German submachine gun manufactured by Heckler & Koch and chambered for the 4.6×30mm cartridge. It was designed with the new cartridge to meet NATO requirements published in 1989, as these requirements call for a personal defense weapon class firearm, with a greater ability to defeat... personal defense weapon |
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| .480 Ruger .480 Ruger The .480 Ruger is a revolver cartridge, introduced in 2003 by Sturm, Ruger and Hornady. This was the first new cartridge introduced by Ruger, and was at time of introduction the largest diameter production revolver cartridge, at .-Design:... |
2001 | USA | ||
| Derived from .475 Linebaugh | ||||
| .300 WSM .300 WSM .300 Winchester Short Magnum is a thirty caliber rebated rim bottlenecked centerfire short magnum cartridge that was introduced in 2001 by Winchester. The cartridge overall length is 72.64mm, cartridge case is 53.34mm in length and the bullet diameter is .308 in , which is common to all U.S. .30... |
2001 | USA | ||
| Winchester Short Magnum | ||||
| .408 Chey Tac .408 Chey Tac The .408 Cheyenne Tactical is a specialized rimless, bottlenecked, centerfire cartridge for military long-range sniper rifles that was developed by Dr. John D. Taylor and machinist William O. Wordman... |
2001 | USA | ||
| Used in Cheyanne Tactical's M200 Intervention CheyTac Intervention The CheyTac Intervention is an American bolt action sniper rifle manufactured by CheyTac LLC for long range soft target interdiction. It is fed by a detachable single stack magazine, which holds 7 rounds. It fires .408 CheyTac or .375 CheyTac ammunition... , and M310 rifles |
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| .270 WSM | 2002 | USA | ||
| Winchester Short Magnum | ||||
| 7 mm WSM 7 mm WSM The 7mm Winchester Short Magnum is a centrefire cartridge developed in partnership with Browning Arms Company and Winchester ammunition, making its debut and introduced to the shooting public in 2001.-Specifications:... |
2002 | USA | ||
| Winchester Short Magnum | ||||
| .32 NAA .32 NAA The .32NAA is a cartridge/firearm 'system' designed and developed by the partnership of North American Arms and Cor-bon Ammunition. The cartridge is based on a .380 ACP case, which is necked-down to hold a 32 caliber bullet with the goal being an improvement in ballistic performance over either the... |
2002 | USA | - | North American Arms |
| .400 H&H Magnum .400 H&H Magnum The .400 H&H Magnum also known as the .400 Holland & Holland Belted Rimless or the .400 Holland and Holland Magnum is a .411 caliber belted rimless bottlenecked cartridge introduced in 2003 by Holland & Holland together with the .465 H&H Magnum in 2003... |
2003 | England | - | - |
| .465 H&H Magnum .465 H&H Magnum The .465 Holland & Holland Magnum also known as the .465 Holland & Holland Belted Rimless or more simply as the .465 H&H Magnum, is a modern big bore firearms cartridge introduced by Holland & Holland in 2003 together with the .400 H&H Magnum. The .465 H&H Magnum is a .468 caliber, belted, rimless... |
2003 | England | - | - |
| 6.5 Grendel 6.5 Grendel The 6.5 Grendel is a proprietary intermediate cartridge developed in 2002 by Arne Brennan . This cartridge is an improved version of the PPC cartridge family designed by Dr. Lou Palmisano and Ferris Pindell in 1974. The first 6.5mm member of the PPC cartridge family was created in 1984 by Dr... |
2003 | USA | 6.5x39mm | Developed by Alexander Arms as a "low recoil, high accuracy, long-range cartridge for the AR-15 platform." |
| 6.8 mm Remington SPC 6.8 mm Remington SPC The 6.8 mm Remington SPC is a rifle cartridge that was developed with collaboration from individual members of United States Special Operations Command . Based upon the .30 Remington cartridge, it is midway between the 5.56×45mm NATO and 7.62×51mm NATO in bore diameter and velocity... |
2003 | USA | 6.8x43mm | Developed by Remington with members of 5th Special Forces Group |
| .223 WSSM .223 WSSM The .223 WSSM is a .224 caliber rifle cartridge created by Winchester and Browning based on a shortened version of the Winchester Short Magnum case.- History :... |
2003 | USA | ||
| Winchester Super Short Magnum | ||||
| .243 WSSM .243 WSSM The 243 Winchester Super Short Magnum or 243 WSSM is a rifle cartridge introduced in 2003. It uses a .300 WSM case shortened and necked down to accept a .243in/6mm diameter bullet, and is a high velocity round based on ballistics design philosophies that are intended to produce a high level of... |
2003 | USA | ||
| Winchester Super Short Magnum | ||||
| .45 GAP .45 GAP The .45 G.A.P. pistol cartridge was designed by Ernest Durham, an engineer with CCI/Speer, at the request of firearms manufacturer Glock to provide a cartridge that would equal the power of the .45 ACP but was shorter to fit in a more compact handgun, and with a stronger case head to reduce the... |
2003 | Austria | ||
| Glock Automatic Pistol | ||||
| .500 S&W Magnum .500 S&W Magnum The .500 S&W Magnum is a fifty-caliber semi-rimmed handgun cartridge developed by Cor-Bon in partnership with the Smith & Wesson "X-Gun" engineering team for use in the Smith & Wesson Model 500 X-frame revolver and introduced in February 2003 at the SHOT trade show... |
2003 | USA | ||
| One of the most powerful handgun-specific cartridges. | ||||
| .204 Ruger .204 Ruger The .204 Ruger is a centerfire rifle cartridge developed by Hornady and Ruger. At the time of its introduction in 2004, the .204 Ruger was the highest velocity commercially produced ammunition, and the only cartridge produced commercially for bullets of .204 inch/5 mm caliber.-Characteristics:The... |
2004 | USA | 5.18mm | |
| .25 WSSM .25 WSSM The .25 Winchester Super Short Magnum is a third member of the Winchester Super Short Magnum cartridge family created by Winchester and Browning. It is the largest caliber of the WSSM's and is the most capable of handling large game such as deer and wild boar.It is a necked-up version of the .243... |
2004 | USA | 6.35mm | Winchester Super Short Magnum |
| .325 WSM .325 WSM .325 Winchester Short Magnum is an 8 mm caliber rebated rim bottlenecked centerfire short magnum cartridge that was introduced in 2005 by Winchester... |
2005 | USA | 8x53mm | Winchester Short Magnum |
| .460 S&W Magnum | 2005 | USA | Revolver cartridge for handgun hunting | |
| .416 Barrett .416 Barrett The .416 Barrett or 10.6x83mm centerfire rifle cartridge is a proprietary bottlenecked centrefire rifle cartridge designed in 2005. It is an alternative to the .50 BMG in long-range high-caliber rifles. It was designed in response to a request for a medium/heavy rifle/cartridge combination that was... |
2006 | USA | 10.3mm | Designed as an alternative to the .50BMG for sniper rifles. |
| .308 Marlin Express .308 Marlin Express The .308 Marlin Express is a cartridge developed in 2007 by Marlin Firearms and Hornady. It is based on the .307 Winchester with a goal to duplicate .308 Winchester performance. The cartridge uses a slightly shorter, rimmed case to function in lever action rifles... |
2006 | USA | 7.62x48mm (unofficial) | Based upon a slightly shortened .307 Winchester cases with FTX bullets and special poweder to approach .308 Winchester .308 Winchester The .308 Winchester is a rifle cartridge and is the commercial cartridge upon which the military 7.62x51mm NATO centerfire cartridge is based. The .308 Winchester was introduced in 1952, two years prior to the NATO adoption of the 7.62x51mm NATO T65... ballistics from a Marlin lever action rifle. |
| .700 Hubel Express | 2007 | USA | - | Dangerous game round |
| .17 Remington Fireball .17 Remington Fireball The .17 Remington Fireball was created in 2007 by Remington Arms Company as a response to the popular wildcat round, the .17 Mach IV. Factory loads drive a 20 grain bullet around 4,000 ft/s . Velocity is close to the .17 Remington but with significantly less powder, and therefore less heat and... |
2007 | USA | 4.368 | high-performance approx 4000 ft/s (1,219.2 m/s) in a small case |
| .327 Federal Magnum .327 Federal Magnum The .327 Federal Magnum is a cartridge introduced by Sturm, Ruger and Federal Cartridge, intended to provide the power of a .357 Magnum in six shot, compact revolvers, whose cylinders only hold 5 rounds of the larger .357 Magnum cartridge... |
2008 | USA | 7.9mm | |
| 300 AAC Blackout | 2011 | USA | 7.62x35mm |