Stabilimento Tecnico Triestino
Encyclopedia
Stabilimento Tecnico Triestino (STT) (Technical Establishment of Trieste) was a private shipbuilding
company based in Trieste
from the mid-19th to early 20th century, and the most important naval shipbuilding firm of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
After World War I
, Trieste
was ceded to Italy
and the firm built naval and commercial vessels for its new host country. STT was merged with another Italian shipbuilding firm, Cantiere Navale Triestino
, in 1929 to form Cantieri Riuniti dell' Adriatico
(CRDA). As CRDA Trieste its shipyards remained active well into the postwar period, becoming part of the Fincantieri
group in 1984.
Stabilimento Tecnico Triestino had its origins in a private shipyard founded by Giuseppe Tonello at San Marco, on the coastline west of Trieste, in 1838. In 1857, the shipyard was merged with a local manufacturer of marine engine
s to become STT. A second shipyard was also acquired, at San Rocco near the town of Muggia
just south of Trieste.
STT was the largest and most important shipbuilder in the Austrian Empire
and its successor state, the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The company built most of the Austro-Hungarian Navy
's capital ship
s, as well as many merchant vessel
s. In the 1860s and 1870s, STT built five of the Austro-Hungarian Navy's seven centre-battery ship
s (a forerunner of the battleship
), as well as a number of ironclads, cruiser
s, frigate
s and corvette
s. Between 1884 and 1914, the company built 13 of the Austro-Hungarian Navy's 16 battleships, including all three battleships of the Habsburg class, all three of the Erzherzog Franz Ferdinand class, and three of the four Tegetthoff class. It also built the three coastal defence battleship
s of the Monarch class.
By 1914, the San Rocco shipyard had five slipway
s of between 350 and 500 feet (three of which served to construct battleships) as well as a 350 foot dry dock
and a 400 foot floating dock. The company had its own plant in Muggia for the manufacturer of engines and boilers, and a licence from the United Kingdom
to produce Parsons
steam turbine
s. In the years prior to World War I, the company's workforce had been gradually expanded from 2,700 to approximately 3,200.
Following Italy's entry into World War I against the Central Powers
(which included Austria-Hungary), STT was stripped of its Italian name and given the patriotic German name Austriawerft. Austriawerft was contracted to build two new battleships during the war, but these were cancelled in 1915, probably due to the company's loss of skilled workers, most of whom were Italian. Two submarines
contracted to the company later in the war also had to be cancelled due to the lack of experienced submarine technicians.
, the region of Trieste was ceded to Italy and Austriawerft became an Italian firm, whereupon its original name, Stabilimento Tecnico Triestino, was restored. During the 1920s, STT built the heavy cruiser Trieste for the Italian navy, and the luxury commercial liner
.
In 1929, STT merged with another Italian company, Cantieri Navale Triestino based at Monfalcone
, to form Cantieri Riuniti dell' Adriatico
(CRDA) (United Shipbuilders of the Adriatic), and the STT component was named CRDA Trieste. CRDA Trieste built a number of light
and heavy cruiser
s for the Regia Marina Italia
(Royal Italian Navy) between the wars, as well as some 27 submarines. The ocean liner Conte di Savoia
was also constructed in 1932.
During the Second World War, CRDA Trieste built two battleships for the Regia Marina, Vittorio Veneto
and Roma
. CRDA Trieste survived the postwar shakeup in the shipbuilding industry and went on to build several more commercial liners in the 1950s and 1960s, as well as a few naval vessels. In 1984, CRDA was sold to the Fincantieri Group
, and its Trieste shipyards were no longer considered important ship construction or repair facilities. However, as of 2000, the shipyards still retained three dry docks capable of serving ships up to 25,000, 35,000 and 170,000 tons respectively.
. An asterisk denotes a unique ship.
References: Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships, 1860-1905, Historical Handbook of World Navies website, Naval History Flixco website
Reference: Winklareth p. 292
Reference: Winklareth p. 292-293
Shipbuilding
Shipbuilding is the construction of ships and floating vessels. It normally takes place in a specialized facility known as a shipyard. Shipbuilders, also called shipwrights, follow a specialized occupation that traces its roots to before recorded history.Shipbuilding and ship repairs, both...
company based in Trieste
Trieste
Trieste is a city and seaport in northeastern Italy. It is situated towards the end of a narrow strip of land lying between the Adriatic Sea and Italy's border with Slovenia, which lies almost immediately south and east of the city...
from the mid-19th to early 20th century, and the most important naval shipbuilding firm of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
After World War I
World War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, Trieste
Trieste
Trieste is a city and seaport in northeastern Italy. It is situated towards the end of a narrow strip of land lying between the Adriatic Sea and Italy's border with Slovenia, which lies almost immediately south and east of the city...
was ceded to Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
and the firm built naval and commercial vessels for its new host country. STT was merged with another Italian shipbuilding firm, Cantiere Navale Triestino
Cantiere Navale Triestino
CANT was an Italian aviation company which originally specialised in building naval aircraft, formed in 1923 as part of the CNT...
, in 1929 to form Cantieri Riuniti dell' Adriatico
Cantieri Riuniti dell' Adriatico
Cantieri Riuniti dell'Adriatico was an Italian manufacturer in the sea and air industry which was active from 1930 to 1966. This shipyard is now owned by Fincantieri....
(CRDA). As CRDA Trieste its shipyards remained active well into the postwar period, becoming part of the Fincantieri
Fincantieri
Fincantieri - Cantieri Navali Italiani S.p.A. is a shipbuilding company based in Trieste, Italy. It was formed in 1959 and is the largest shipbuilder in the Mediterranean, and one of the largest in Europe...
group in 1984.
Austro-Hungarian ownership
Marine steam engine
A marine steam engine is a reciprocating steam engine that is used to power a ship or boat. Steam turbines and diesel engines largely replaced reciprocating steam engines in marine applications during the 20th century, so this article describes the more common types of marine steam engine in use...
s to become STT. A second shipyard was also acquired, at San Rocco near the town of Muggia
Muggia
Muggia is a small Italian comune in the extreme south-east of Trieste lying on the border with Slovenia.Muggia is the last and only flap of Istria still in Italian territory, after the dissolution of the Free Territory of Trieste in 1954....
just south of Trieste.
STT was the largest and most important shipbuilder in the Austrian Empire
Austrian Empire
The Austrian Empire was a modern era successor empire, which was centered on what is today's Austria and which officially lasted from 1804 to 1867. It was followed by the Empire of Austria-Hungary, whose proclamation was a diplomatic move that elevated Hungary's status within the Austrian Empire...
and its successor state, the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The company built most of the Austro-Hungarian Navy
Austro-Hungarian Navy
The Austro-Hungarian Navy was the naval force of Austria-Hungary. Its official name in German was Kaiserliche und Königliche Kriegsmarine , abbreviated as k.u.k. Kriegsmarine....
's capital ship
Capital ship
The capital ships of a navy are its most important warships; they generally possess the heaviest firepower and armor and are traditionally much larger than other naval vessels...
s, as well as many merchant vessel
Merchant vessel
A merchant vessel is a ship that transports cargo or passengers. The closely related term commercial vessel is defined by the United States Coast Guard as any vessel engaged in commercial trade or that carries passengers for hire...
s. In the 1860s and 1870s, STT built five of the Austro-Hungarian Navy's seven centre-battery ship
Centre-battery ship
The centre battery ship or casemate ship was a development of the broadside ironclad of the 1860s. The central battery ships had their main guns concentrated to the middle of the ship in an armoured citadel. The concentration of armament amidships meant the ship could be shorter and handier...
s (a forerunner of the battleship
Battleship
A battleship is a large armored warship with a main battery consisting of heavy caliber guns. Battleships were larger, better armed and armored than cruisers and destroyers. As the largest armed ships in a fleet, battleships were used to attain command of the sea and represented the apex of a...
), as well as a number of ironclads, cruiser
Cruiser
A cruiser is a type of warship. The term has been in use for several hundreds of years, and has had different meanings throughout this period...
s, frigate
Frigate
A frigate is any of several types of warship, the term having been used for ships of various sizes and roles over the last few centuries.In the 17th century, the term was used for any warship built for speed and maneuverability, the description often used being "frigate-built"...
s and corvette
Corvette
A corvette is a small, maneuverable, lightly armed warship, originally smaller than a frigate and larger than a coastal patrol craft or fast attack craft , although many recent designs resemble frigates in size and role...
s. Between 1884 and 1914, the company built 13 of the Austro-Hungarian Navy's 16 battleships, including all three battleships of the Habsburg class, all three of the Erzherzog Franz Ferdinand class, and three of the four Tegetthoff class. It also built the three coastal defence battleship
Coastal defence ship
Coastal defence ships were warships built for the purpose of coastal defence, mostly during the period from 1860 to 1920. They were small, often cruiser-sized warships that sacrificed speed and range for armour and armament...
s of the Monarch class.
By 1914, the San Rocco shipyard had five slipway
Slipway
A slipway, boat slip or just a slip, is a ramp on the shore by which ships or boats can be moved to and from the water. They are used for building and repairing ships and boats. They are also used for launching and retrieving small boats on trailers and flying boats on their undercarriage. The...
s of between 350 and 500 feet (three of which served to construct battleships) as well as a 350 foot dry dock
Dry dock
A drydock is a narrow basin or vessel that can be flooded to allow a load to be floated in, then drained to allow that load to come to rest on a dry platform...
and a 400 foot floating dock. The company had its own plant in Muggia for the manufacturer of engines and boilers, and a licence from the United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
to produce Parsons
Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Company
Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Company was a British engineering company based in Wallsend, North England, on the River Tyne.-History:The company was founded by Charles Algernon Parsons in 1897 with £500,000 of capital, and specialised in building the steam turbine engines that he had invented for...
steam turbine
Steam turbine
A steam turbine is a mechanical device that extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam, and converts it into rotary motion. Its modern manifestation was invented by Sir Charles Parsons in 1884....
s. In the years prior to World War I, the company's workforce had been gradually expanded from 2,700 to approximately 3,200.
Following Italy's entry into World War I against the Central Powers
Central Powers
The Central Powers were one of the two warring factions in World War I , composed of the German Empire, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Ottoman Empire, and the Kingdom of Bulgaria...
(which included Austria-Hungary), STT was stripped of its Italian name and given the patriotic German name Austriawerft. Austriawerft was contracted to build two new battleships during the war, but these were cancelled in 1915, probably due to the company's loss of skilled workers, most of whom were Italian. Two submarines
U-52 class submarine
The U-52 class was a class of four ocean-going submarines or U-boats planned for the Austro-Hungarian Navy during World War I. The submarine design was based on the A 6 proposal submitted by Stabilimento Tecnico Triestino as part of a Navy design competition...
contracted to the company later in the war also had to be cancelled due to the lack of experienced submarine technicians.
Italian ownership
After the Austro-Hungarian Empire broke up at the close of World War IWorld War I
World War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
, the region of Trieste was ceded to Italy and Austriawerft became an Italian firm, whereupon its original name, Stabilimento Tecnico Triestino, was restored. During the 1920s, STT built the heavy cruiser Trieste for the Italian navy, and the luxury commercial liner
Ocean liner
An ocean liner is a ship designed to transport people from one seaport to another along regular long-distance maritime routes according to a schedule. Liners may also carry cargo or mail, and may sometimes be used for other purposes .Cargo vessels running to a schedule are sometimes referred to as...
.
In 1929, STT merged with another Italian company, Cantieri Navale Triestino based at Monfalcone
Monfalcone
Monfalcone is a town and comune of the province of Gorizia , located on the coast of the Gulf of Trieste. Monfalcone means "Mount of Falcon" in Italian....
, to form Cantieri Riuniti dell' Adriatico
Cantieri Riuniti dell' Adriatico
Cantieri Riuniti dell'Adriatico was an Italian manufacturer in the sea and air industry which was active from 1930 to 1966. This shipyard is now owned by Fincantieri....
(CRDA) (United Shipbuilders of the Adriatic), and the STT component was named CRDA Trieste. CRDA Trieste built a number of light
Light cruiser
A light cruiser is a type of small- or medium-sized warship. The term is a shortening of the phrase "light armored cruiser", describing a small ship that carried armor in the same way as an armored cruiser: a protective belt and deck...
and heavy cruiser
Heavy cruiser
The heavy cruiser was a type of cruiser, a naval warship designed for long range, high speed and an armament of naval guns roughly 203mm calibre . The heavy cruiser can be seen as a lineage of ship design from 1915 until 1945, although the term 'heavy cruiser' only came into formal use in 1930...
s for the Regia Marina Italia
Regia Marina
The Regia Marina dates from the proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy in 1861 after Italian unification...
(Royal Italian Navy) between the wars, as well as some 27 submarines. The ocean liner Conte di Savoia
SS Conte di Savoia
SS Conte di Savoia was an Italian ocean liner built in 1932 at the Cantieri Riuniti dell'Adriatico, Trieste.Conte di Savoia was originally ordered for the Lloyd Sabaudo line, however, after a merger with the Navigazione Generale Italiana, the ship was completed for the newly formed Italia Flotte...
was also constructed in 1932.
During the Second World War, CRDA Trieste built two battleships for the Regia Marina, Vittorio Veneto
Italian battleship Vittorio Veneto
Vittorio Veneto was the lead ship of her class of battleships that served in the Regia Marina during World War II. She was named after the Italian victory at Vittorio Veneto, during World War I.-Construction:...
and Roma
Italian battleship Roma (1940)
Roma, named after two previous ships and the city of Rome, was the fourth Vittorio Veneto-class battleship of Italy's Regia Marina...
. CRDA Trieste survived the postwar shakeup in the shipbuilding industry and went on to build several more commercial liners in the 1950s and 1960s, as well as a few naval vessels. In 1984, CRDA was sold to the Fincantieri Group
Fincantieri
Fincantieri - Cantieri Navali Italiani S.p.A. is a shipbuilding company based in Trieste, Italy. It was formed in 1959 and is the largest shipbuilder in the Mediterranean, and one of the largest in Europe...
, and its Trieste shipyards were no longer considered important ship construction or repair facilities. However, as of 2000, the shipyards still retained three dry docks capable of serving ships up to 25,000, 35,000 and 170,000 tons respectively.
STT (Austria-Hungary)
The following table lists the capital ships built for the Austro-Hungarian NavyAustro-Hungarian Navy
The Austro-Hungarian Navy was the naval force of Austria-Hungary. Its official name in German was Kaiserliche und Königliche Kriegsmarine , abbreviated as k.u.k. Kriegsmarine....
. An asterisk denotes a unique ship.
| Ship | Type | Class | Built | Disp. | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Erzherzog Ferdinand Max | Ironclad | Erzherzog Ferdinand Max | 1866 | N/A | Scrapped 1917 |
| Habsburg | Ironclad | Erzherzog Ferdinand Max | 1866 | N/A | Scrapped 1900 |
| Vasilissa Olga Greek battleship Vasilissa Olga The ironclad steam-powered battleship Vasilissa Olga , named for Queen Olga of Greece, served in the Royal Hellenic Navy from 1869 to 1925... |
Ironclad | * | 1869 | 2,000 | Built for Greek Navy, scrapped 1925 |
| Zrinyi (or Niclas Zrinyi) | Screw Propeller A propeller is a type of fan that transmits power by converting rotational motion into thrust. A pressure difference is produced between the forward and rear surfaces of the airfoil-shaped blade, and a fluid is accelerated behind the blade. Propeller dynamics can be modeled by both Bernoulli's... corvette Corvette A corvette is a small, maneuverable, lightly armed warship, originally smaller than a frigate and larger than a coastal patrol craft or fast attack craft , although many recent designs resemble frigates in size and role... |
Zrinyi | 1871 | 1,450 | Scrapped after 1920 |
| Lissa | Centre-battery Centre-battery ship The centre battery ship or casemate ship was a development of the broadside ironclad of the 1860s. The central battery ships had their main guns concentrated to the middle of the ship in an armoured citadel. The concentration of armament amidships meant the ship could be shorter and handier... |
* | 1871 | 7,178 | Scrapped 1895 |
| Radetzky | Screw frigate Frigate A frigate is any of several types of warship, the term having been used for ships of various sizes and roles over the last few centuries.In the 17th century, the term was used for any warship built for speed and maneuverability, the description often used being "frigate-built"... |
Radetzky | 1873 | 4,000 | To Italy in 1919, scrapped 1921 |
| Erzherzog Albrecht | Centre-battery | * | 1874 | 6,500 | To Italy in 1920, scrapped 1955 |
| Laudon | Screw frigate | Radetzky | 1875 | 4,000 | To SHS 1919, to Italy in 1921, scrapped 1924 |
| Custoza | Centre-battery | * | 1875 | 7,700 | To Italy in 1919, scrapped after collision, 1925 |
| Don Juan d'Austria | Centre-battery | Kaiser Max | 1876 | 4,000 | Sunk, 1919 |
| Kaiser Max | Centre-battery | Kaiser Max | 1878 | 4,000 | To Serbo-Croatia 1920, sunk as breakwater, 1945 |
| Tegetthoff | Centre-battery | Tegetthoff | 1881 | 8,000 | To Italy in 1919, scrapped after 1921 |
| Kronprinzessin Erzherzogin Stephanie | Battleship Battleship A battleship is a large armored warship with a main battery consisting of heavy caliber guns. Battleships were larger, better armed and armored than cruisers and destroyers. As the largest armed ships in a fleet, battleships were used to attain command of the sea and represented the apex of a... |
* | 1887 | 5,631 | To Italy in 1919, scrapped 1926 |
| Torpedo Torpedo The modern torpedo is a self-propelled missile weapon with an explosive warhead, launched above or below the water surface, propelled underwater towards a target, and designed to detonate either on contact with it or in proximity to it.The term torpedo was originally employed for... cruiser Cruiser A cruiser is a type of warship. The term has been in use for several hundreds of years, and has had different meanings throughout this period... |
* | 1888 | 1,683 | To Italy in 1919, scrapped 1920 | |
| Torpedo/ram cruiser | Kaiser Franz Joseph I | 1890 | 4,500 | Capsized and sank, Oct 1919 | |
| Torpedo/ram cruiser | Kaiser Franz Joseph I | 1892 | 4,500 | Scuttled Nov 1914 at Tsingtao, China | |
| Armoured cruiser | * | 1895 | 6,000 | To United Kingdom in 1919, scrapped 1921 | |
| Monarch | Coastal defence Coastal defence ship Coastal defence ships were warships built for the purpose of coastal defence, mostly during the period from 1860 to 1920. They were small, often cruiser-sized warships that sacrificed speed and range for armour and armament... |
1898 | 5,878 | To United Kingdom in 1919, scrapped 1921 | |
| Wien | Coastal defence | 1898 | 5,878 | Torpedoed 1916, salvaged 1925, fate unknown | |
| Budapest | Coastal defence | 1898 | 5,878 | To United Kingdom in 1919, scrapped 1921 | |
| Kaiser Karl VI | Armoured cruiser | * | 1900 | 7,000 | To United Kingdom in 1919, scrapped 1922 |
| Habsburg | Battleship | 1902 | N/A | To United Kingdom in 1919, scrapped 1922 | |
| Árpád | Battleship | 1903 | N/A | To United Kingdom in 1919, scrapped 1922 | |
| Babenburg | Battleship | 1904 | N/A | To United Kingdom in 1919, scrapped 1922 | |
| Erzherzog Karl | Battleship | 1906 | 11,000 | To France in 1919, scrapped 1921 | |
| Erzherzog Friedrich | Battleship | 1907 | 11,000 | To France in 1919, scrapped 1921 | |
| Erzherzog Ferdinand Max | Battleship | 1907 | 11,000 | To United Kingdom in 1919, scrapped 1921 | |
| Erzherzog Franz Ferdinand | Battleship | 1908 | 15,000 | To Italy in 1918, scrapped 1922 | |
| Radetzky | Battleship | 1911 | 16,000 | To South Slavic 1918, scrapped 1922 | |
| Battleship | 1911 | 16,000 | To South Slavic 1918, scrapped 1922 | ||
| Battleship | 1913 | 21,000 | To South Slavic in 1918, to Italy in 1918, scrapped in 1924 | ||
| Battleship | 1912 | 21,000 | To South Slavic in 1918, scrapped 1920-1922 | ||
| Battleship | 1914 | 21,000 | To South Slavic in 1918, to Italy in 1919, to France in 1920, sunk as target 1922 | ||
| Ersatz Monarch | Battleship | N/A | 25,000 | Cancelled 1915 | |
| Ersatz Budapest | Battleship | N/A | 25,000 | Cancelled 1915 | |
References: Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships, 1860-1905, Historical Handbook of World Navies website, Naval History Flixco website
STT (Italy)
The following table lists ships built by STT after the Italian takeover.| Ship | Type | Class | Built | Disp. | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trieste | Cruiser Cruiser A cruiser is a type of warship. The term has been in use for several hundreds of years, and has had different meanings throughout this period... |
Trento | 1926 | 13,545 | Sunk by bombing, 1943 |
| Conte Grande SS Conte Grande The SS Conte Grande was a Lloyd Sabaudo Line ocean liner built in 1927 by Stabilimento Tecnico Triestino in Trieste, Italy, to service the transatlantic passenger line between Genoa, Italy, and New York City. Launched on 29 June 1927, her maiden voyage was from Genoa to Naples to New York City,... |
Ocean liner Ocean liner An ocean liner is a ship designed to transport people from one seaport to another along regular long-distance maritime routes according to a schedule. Liners may also carry cargo or mail, and may sometimes be used for other purposes .Cargo vessels running to a schedule are sometimes referred to as... |
N/A | 1928 | 25,661 | Scrapped 1961 |
Reference: Winklareth p. 292
CRDA Trieste
The following table lists ships built at the former STT shipyards after the company's 1929 merger with Cantieri Navale Triestino to form CRDA.| Ship | Type | Class | Built | Disp. | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Various | Submarines | N/A | 1931-40 | N/A | 27 submarines |
| Cruiser | 1931 | 14,530 | Sunk 1941 | ||
| Luigi Cadorna Italian cruiser Luigi Cadorna Luigi Cadorna was an Italian light cruiser, which served in the Regia Marina during World War II. She was launched on 30 September 1931. This ship was named after Italian Field Marshal Luigi Cadorna who was commander in Chief of the Italian Army during World War I.During her early service she did... |
Lt. cruiser | 1931 | 7,113 | Scrapped, 1951 | |
| Conte di Savoia SS Conte di Savoia SS Conte di Savoia was an Italian ocean liner built in 1932 at the Cantieri Riuniti dell'Adriatico, Trieste.Conte di Savoia was originally ordered for the Lloyd Sabaudo line, however, after a merger with the Navigazione Generale Italiana, the ship was completed for the newly formed Italia Flotte... |
Ocean liner | N/A | 1932 | 48,502 | Scuttled 1943 |
| Muzio Attendolo Italian cruiser Muzio Attendolo Muzio Attendolo was a light cruiser of the Italian Regia Marina, which fought in World War II. She was sunk in Naples by bombers of the United States Army Air Forces on 4 December 1942... |
Light cruiser | 1935 | 8,994 | Sunk by bombing, 1942 | |
| Light cruiser | 1937 | 11,735 | Converted to guided missile cruiser, 1957, scrapped 1972 | ||
| Vittorio Veneto Italian battleship Vittorio Veneto Vittorio Veneto was the lead ship of her class of battleships that served in the Regia Marina during World War II. She was named after the Italian victory at Vittorio Veneto, during World War I.-Construction:... |
Battleship | 1940 | 45,752 | Scrapped 1946? | |
| Roma Italian battleship Roma Roma was the name of three battleships of the Regia Marina , and may refer to:, a broadside ironclad, the lead ship of the Roma class, completed in 1869 and stricken in 1895, a predreadnought battleship of the Regina Elena class completed in 1908 and stricken in 1927, a dreadnought battleship of... |
Battleship | 1942 | 45,752 | Sunk by bombing, 1943 | |
| Donizetti | Ocean liner | N/A | 1951 | N/A | N/A |
| Rossini | Ocean liner | N/A | 1951 | N/A | N/A |
| Verdi | Ocean liner | N/A | 1951 | N/A | N/A |
| Augustus MS Augustus (1952) MS Augustus is a 27,090 GRT, luxurious ocean liner built in 1950 for Italian Line. She was the sister ship to MS Giulio Cesare that was launched in the same year. These two ships were built to the same design, with similar specifications. After the Augustus was sold to Hong Kong, she sailed under... |
Ocean liner | N/A | 1952 | 27,090 | Still operating as restaurant ship, MS Philippines, in 1999 |
| Raffaello | Ocean liner | N/A | 1965 | 45,933 | Sold to Iran and converted as floating barracks, 1977, sunk by bombing in 1983 |
| N/A | Frigate | N/A | 1969 | N/A | N/A |
| N/A | Submarine | N/A | 1969 | N/A | N/A |
| N/A | Corvette | N/A | 1979 | N/A | N/A |
Reference: Winklareth p. 292-293