St Bartholomew's Church, Great Harwood
Encyclopedia
St Bartholomew's Church is an Anglican
church in the town of Great Harwood
in Lancashire
, England. It is an active parish church in the Diocese of Blackburn
. It has been designated a Grade II* listed building by English Heritage
.
of Great Harwood was part of the ecclesiastical parish of Blackburn. There is mention of a parochial chapel of ease
dedicated to St Lawrence at Great Harwood in sources from 1389. A chantry
to St Lawrence's was later formed by Thomas Hesketh of Martholme
, and dedicated to St Batholomew. The dedication of the chapel was subsequently changed to St Bartholomew.
The tower of the present building probably dates from the 15th century. Most of the rest of the church appears to date from the 16th century and may have been rebuilt by Thomas Hesketh of Martholme, who made additions to his home at that time. Lancaster based architecture firm Paley and Austin added a chancel
to the church in 1886.
on 11 July 1966. The Grade II* designation—the second highest of the three grades—is for "particularly important buildings of more than special interest".
An active parish church
in the Church of England
, St Batholomew's is part of the diocese of Blackburn
, which is in the Province of York
. It is in the archdeaconry of Blackburn and the Deanery
of Whalley.
Its plan consists of a nave with a west tower, aisle
s and a chancel to the east. There is a porch to the south and a vestry
to the north. The tower has four stages and diagonal buttress
es. There is a stair turret
at the south east corner, and a crenellated
parapet
. There is a three-light west window under a pointed arch head, with a moulding
. There are two-light belfry
louvres
with moulding.
The nave and aisles have three-light windows with stone mullion
s In the south wall of the chancel there are two two-light windows. The east window has four lights and Perpendicular-style tracery
.
ed orders.
There is a 19th-century reredos
, now in the tower, that depicts the Annunciation
. There is 17th-century octagonal baptismal font
. Stained glass
in the church includes work by Henry Holiday
, Ballantine & Gardner and A. Seward & Co.
Anglicanism
Anglicanism is a tradition within Christianity comprising churches with historical connections to the Church of England or similar beliefs, worship and church structures. The word Anglican originates in ecclesia anglicana, a medieval Latin phrase dating to at least 1246 that means the English...
church in the town of Great Harwood
Great Harwood
Great Harwood is a small town in the Hyndburn district of Lancashire, England, north-east of Blackburn.-History:Great Harwood is a town with a industrial heritage. The Mercer Hall Leisure Centre in Queen Street and the town clock pay tribute to John Mercer , the 'father' of Great Harwood, who...
in Lancashire
Lancashire
Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England. It takes its name from the city of Lancaster, and is sometimes known as the County of Lancaster. Although Lancaster is still considered to be the county town, Lancashire County Council is based in Preston...
, England. It is an active parish church in the Diocese of Blackburn
Diocese of Blackburn
The Diocese of Blackburn is a Church of England diocese, covering much of Lancashire, created in 1926 from part of the Diocese of Manchester. The Diocese includes the towns of Blackburn, Blackpool, Burnley, and the cities of Lancaster, and Preston, as well as a large part of the Ribble Valley...
. It has been designated a Grade II* listed building by English Heritage
English Heritage
English Heritage . is an executive non-departmental public body of the British Government sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport...
.
History
Historically, the townshipTownship (England)
In England, a township is a local division or district of a large parish containing a village or small town usually having its own church...
of Great Harwood was part of the ecclesiastical parish of Blackburn. There is mention of a parochial chapel of ease
Chapel of ease
A chapel of ease is a church building other than the parish church, built within the bounds of a parish for the attendance of those who cannot reach the parish church conveniently....
dedicated to St Lawrence at Great Harwood in sources from 1389. A chantry
Chantry
Chantry is the English term for a fund established to pay for a priest to celebrate sung Masses for a specified purpose, generally for the soul of the deceased donor. Chantries were endowed with lands given by donors, the income from which maintained the chantry priest...
to St Lawrence's was later formed by Thomas Hesketh of Martholme
Martholme
Martholme is a Medieval manor house in Great Harwood, Lancashire, England. It has been designated a Grade I listed building by English Heritage.-History:...
, and dedicated to St Batholomew. The dedication of the chapel was subsequently changed to St Bartholomew.
The tower of the present building probably dates from the 15th century. Most of the rest of the church appears to date from the 16th century and may have been rebuilt by Thomas Hesketh of Martholme, who made additions to his home at that time. Lancaster based architecture firm Paley and Austin added a chancel
Chancel
In church architecture, the chancel is the space around the altar in the sanctuary at the liturgical east end of a traditional Christian church building...
to the church in 1886.
Assessment and administration
St Bartholomew's was designated a Grade II* listed building by English HeritageEnglish Heritage
English Heritage . is an executive non-departmental public body of the British Government sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport...
on 11 July 1966. The Grade II* designation—the second highest of the three grades—is for "particularly important buildings of more than special interest".
An active parish church
Church of England parish church
A parish church in the Church of England is the church which acts as the religious centre for the people within the smallest and most basic Church of England administrative region, known as a parish.-Parishes in England:...
in the Church of England
Church of England
The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England and the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican Communion. The church considers itself within the tradition of Western Christianity and dates its formal establishment principally to the mission to England by St...
, St Batholomew's is part of the diocese of Blackburn
Diocese of Blackburn
The Diocese of Blackburn is a Church of England diocese, covering much of Lancashire, created in 1926 from part of the Diocese of Manchester. The Diocese includes the towns of Blackburn, Blackpool, Burnley, and the cities of Lancaster, and Preston, as well as a large part of the Ribble Valley...
, which is in the Province of York
Province of York
The Province of York is one of two ecclesiastical provinces making up the Church of England, and consists of 14 dioceses which cover the northern third of England and the Isle of Man. York was elevated to an Archbishopric in 735 AD: Ecgbert of York was the first archbishop...
. It is in the archdeaconry of Blackburn and the Deanery
Deanery
A Deanery is an ecclesiastical entity in both the Roman Catholic Church and the Church of England. A deanery is either the jurisdiction or residence of a Dean.- Catholic usage :...
of Whalley.
Exterior
St Bartholomew's is built in the Perpendicular style of coursed rubble, with roofs of stone slate.Its plan consists of a nave with a west tower, aisle
Aisle
An aisle is, in general, a space for walking with rows of seats on both sides or with rows of seats on one side and a wall on the other...
s and a chancel to the east. There is a porch to the south and a vestry
Vestry
A vestry is a room in or attached to a church or synagogue in which the vestments, vessels, records, etc., are kept , and in which the clergy and choir robe or don their vestments for divine service....
to the north. The tower has four stages and diagonal buttress
Buttress
A buttress is an architectural structure built against or projecting from a wall which serves to support or reinforce the wall...
es. There is a stair turret
Turret
In architecture, a turret is a small tower that projects vertically from the wall of a building such as a medieval castle. Turrets were used to provide a projecting defensive position allowing covering fire to the adjacent wall in the days of military fortification...
at the south east corner, and a crenellated
Battlement
A battlement in defensive architecture, such as that of city walls or castles, comprises a parapet , in which portions have been cut out at intervals to allow the discharge of arrows or other missiles. These cut-out portions form crenels...
parapet
Parapet
A parapet is a wall-like barrier at the edge of a roof, terrace, balcony or other structure. Where extending above a roof, it may simply be the portion of an exterior wall that continues above the line of the roof surface, or may be a continuation of a vertical feature beneath the roof such as a...
. There is a three-light west window under a pointed arch head, with a moulding
Crown molding
Crown molding encapsulates a large family of moldings which are designed to gracefully flare out to a finished top edge. Crown molding is generally used for capping walls, pilasters, and cabinets, and is used extensively in the creation of interior and exterior cornice assemblies and door and...
. There are two-light belfry
Bell tower
A bell tower is a tower which contains one or more bells, or which is designed to hold bells, even if it has none. In the European tradition, such a tower most commonly serves as part of a church and contains church bells. When attached to a city hall or other civic building, especially in...
louvres
Lover
Lover may refer to:* A person who loves* A sexual partner outside of a committed relationship-Music:* "Lover" , by Rodgers and Hart* "Lover" * "Lovers" , by The Tears* Lovers...
with moulding.
The nave and aisles have three-light windows with stone mullion
Mullion
A mullion is a vertical structural element which divides adjacent window units. The primary purpose of the mullion is as a structural support to an arch or lintel above the window opening. Its secondary purpose may be as a rigid support to the glazing of the window...
s In the south wall of the chancel there are two two-light windows. The east window has four lights and Perpendicular-style tracery
Tracery
In architecture, Tracery is the stonework elements that support the glass in a Gothic window. The term probably derives from the 'tracing floors' on which the complex patterns of late Gothic windows were laid out.-Plate tracery:...
.
Interior and fittings
Internally, the tower measures 9 feet (2.7 m) by 10 feet (3 m). The nave measures 66 inch by 15 inch and is accessed from the tower through a high arch with chamferChamfer
A chamfer is a beveled edge connecting two surfaces. If the surfaces are at right angles, the chamfer will typically be symmetrical at 45 degrees. A fillet is the rounding off of an interior corner. A rounding of an exterior corner is called a "round" or a "radius"."Chamfer" is a term commonly...
ed orders.
There is a 19th-century reredos
Reredos
thumb|300px|right|An altar and reredos from [[St. Josaphat's Roman Catholic Church|St. Josaphat Catholic Church]] in [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]]. This would be called a [[retable]] in many other languages and countries....
, now in the tower, that depicts the Annunciation
Annunciation
The Annunciation, also referred to as the Annunciation to the Blessed Virgin Mary or Annunciation of the Lord, is the Christian celebration of the announcement by the angel Gabriel to Virgin Mary, that she would conceive and become the mother of Jesus the Son of God. Gabriel told Mary to name her...
. There is 17th-century octagonal baptismal font
Baptismal font
A baptismal font is an article of church furniture or a fixture used for the baptism of children and adults.-Aspersion and affusion fonts:...
. Stained glass
Stained glass
The term stained glass can refer to coloured glass as a material or to works produced from it. Throughout its thousand-year history, the term has been applied almost exclusively to the windows of churches and other significant buildings...
in the church includes work by Henry Holiday
Henry Holiday
Henry Holiday was an English historical genre and landscape painter, stained glass designer, illustrator and sculptor. He is considered to be a member of the Pre-Raphaelite school of art.-Early years and training:...
, Ballantine & Gardner and A. Seward & Co.