Shelburne Museum
Encyclopedia
Shelburne Museum is a museum
Museum
A museum is an institution that cares for a collection of artifacts and other objects of scientific, artistic, cultural, or historical importance and makes them available for public viewing through exhibits that may be permanent or temporary. Most large museums are located in major cities...

 of art and Americana
Americana
Americana refers to artifacts, or a collection of artifacts, related to the history, geography, folklore and cultural heritage of the United States. Many kinds of material fall within the definition of Americana: paintings, prints and drawings; license plates or entire vehicles, household objects,...

 located in Shelburne
Shelburne, Vermont
Shelburne is a town in southwestern Chittenden County, Vermont, United States, along the shores of Lake Champlain. The population was 7,144 at the 2010 census.-History:...

, Vermont
Vermont
Vermont is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The state ranks 43rd in land area, , and 45th in total area. Its population according to the 2010 census, 630,337, is the second smallest in the country, larger only than Wyoming. It is the only New England...

, United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

. Over 150,000 works are exhibited in 39 exhibition buildings, 25 of which are historic and were relocated to the Museum grounds. It is located on 45 acres (18.2 ha) near Lake Champlain
Lake Champlain
Lake Champlain is a natural, freshwater lake in North America, located mainly within the borders of the United States but partially situated across the Canada—United States border in the Canadian province of Quebec.The New York portion of the Champlain Valley includes the eastern portions of...

.

Impressionist paintings, folk art
Folk art
Folk art encompasses art produced from an indigenous culture or by peasants or other laboring tradespeople. In contrast to fine art, folk art is primarily utilitarian and decorative rather than purely aesthetic....

, quilts and textiles, decorative arts, furniture, American paintings, and an array of 17th- to 20th-century artifacts are on view. Shelburne is home to collections of 19th-century American folk art, quilts, 19th- and 20th-century decoys (see Waterfowl decoy collecting), and carriages.

Electra Havemeyer Webb
Electra Havemeyer Webb
Electra Havemeyer Webb was a collector of American antiques and founder of the Shelburne Museum.-Biography:Electra Havemeyer was born on August 16, 1888 to Henry O. Havemeyer and Louisine Elder, their youngest child...

 was a pioneering collector of American folk art and founded Shelburne Museum in 1947. The daughter of Henry Osborne Havemeyer and Louisine Elder Havemeyer, important collectors of Impressionism, European and Asian art, she exercised an independent eye and passion for art, artifacts, and architecture celebrating a distinctly American aesthetic.

When creating the Museum she took the step of collecting 18th and 19th century buildings from New England
New England
New England is a region in the northeastern corner of the United States consisting of the six states of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut...

 and New York in which to display the Museum's holdings, relocating 20 historic structures to Shelburne. These include houses, barns, a meeting house, a one-room schoolhouse, a lighthouse, a jail, a general store, a covered bridge, and the 220-foot steamboat Ticonderoga.

In Shelburne Mrs. Webb sought to create "an educational project, varied and alive." Shelburne's collections are exhibited in a village-like setting of historic New England architecture, accented by a landscape that includes over 400 lilacs, a circular formal garden, herb and heirloom vegetable gardens, and perennial gardens.

History

The museum's collection was begun by Electra Havemeyer Webb
Electra Havemeyer Webb
Electra Havemeyer Webb was a collector of American antiques and founder of the Shelburne Museum.-Biography:Electra Havemeyer was born on August 16, 1888 to Henry O. Havemeyer and Louisine Elder, their youngest child...

, one of the first people to recognize the applied and decorative arts of rural America as collectible. Webb was an avid collector of American folk art
Folk art
Folk art encompasses art produced from an indigenous culture or by peasants or other laboring tradespeople. In contrast to fine art, folk art is primarily utilitarian and decorative rather than purely aesthetic....

 and founded the Museum in 1947. She took the step of relocating historic buildings from New England
New England
New England is a region in the northeastern corner of the United States consisting of the six states of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut...

 and New York to Shelburne, Vermont
Shelburne, Vermont
Shelburne is a town in southwestern Chittenden County, Vermont, United States, along the shores of Lake Champlain. The population was 7,144 at the 2010 census.-History:...

 in which to display the Museum's holdings.

The museum has lost money and is said to have had a deficit of more than $300,000 in 1994. In 2009, the museum received the Award for Outstanding Commitment to the Care and Preservation of Collections from Heritage Preservation and the American Institute for Conservation
American Institute for Conservation
The American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works supports the conservation professionals who preserve our cultural heritage...

.

Collections

The core of the collection was formed by Electra Havemeyer Webb, a pioneering collector of American folk art
Folk art
Folk art encompasses art produced from an indigenous culture or by peasants or other laboring tradespeople. In contrast to fine art, folk art is primarily utilitarian and decorative rather than purely aesthetic....

 who founded Shelburne Museum. Mrs. Webb exchanged ideas with other major early collectors, including Katherine Prentis Murphy, Henry and Helen Flynnt and Henry Francis du Pont (who founded Winterthur Museum and credited Mrs. Webb with inspiring him to collect American decorative arts).

Since Mrs. Webb’s death in 1960, the collections have developed with an emphasis on folk art
Folk art
Folk art encompasses art produced from an indigenous culture or by peasants or other laboring tradespeople. In contrast to fine art, folk art is primarily utilitarian and decorative rather than purely aesthetic....

 and the cultural and creative heritage of New England and Vermont. artifacts
Cultural artifact
A cultural artifact is a term used in the social sciences, particularly anthropology, ethnology, and sociology for anything created by humans which gives information about the culture of its creator and users...

 provide insight into the craftsmanship and artistic quality of objects made and used by three centuries of Americans. Visitors experience these objects in galleries and period rooms and through interactive exhibitions and demonstrations. Transportation, farming and trade artifacts illustrate America’s industrial development from the 18th to the early 20th centuries. These collections are increasingly relevant to regional audiences from varied backgrounds as the economic base of the community shifts away from farming and small-scale production.

Shelburne Museum’s purpose is to enrich people’s lives through art, history and culture. The collection of approximately 150,000 objects is one of the most extensive and varied collections in the US and is notable for its great range, quality and depth. The outstanding collections of fine, folk and decorative art celebrate American ingenuity, creativity and craftsmanship.

Shelburne’s folk art
Folk art
Folk art encompasses art produced from an indigenous culture or by peasants or other laboring tradespeople. In contrast to fine art, folk art is primarily utilitarian and decorative rather than purely aesthetic....

 collection includes 1,400 wildfowl decoys and miniature carvings, 150 trade figures and signs, 120 weathervanes and 50 carousel figures, including all 40 animals from an early Dentzel carousel. The circus collection includes 600 historic posters, letters and memorabilia from P.T. Barnum and the hand-carved 4,000 piece Kirk Brothers Miniature Circus. The Roy Arnold Circus Parade recreates in miniature 112 attractions from the Buffalo Bill Wild West Show, Barnum & Bailey, Ringling Bros. and Robinson circuses in 525 linear feet of a special exhibition building.

Textiles include 770 bed coverings (including 500 quilts), 400 hooked and sewn rugs, early household textiles (1,800 samplers, laces and linens) and 2,800 costumes and accessories. The decorative arts collection has 6,650 pieces, including glass, ceramics, pewter, metalwork, scrimshaw and one of the country’s best regional collections of 18th- and 19th-century painted furniture. Over 1,000 dolls, 27 dollhouses and 1,200 doll accessories echo in miniature the museum’s collections of ceramics, furniture
Furniture
Furniture is the mass noun for the movable objects intended to support various human activities such as seating and sleeping in beds, to hold objects at a convenient height for work using horizontal surfaces above the ground, or to store things...

 and other household furnishings. A major reinterpretation and related publication of the doll collection was completed in 2004. The collection of American and European toys dates from the beginning of the 19th century.

At the museum there are some 3,200 American prints, paintings, drawings and graphics that relate to daily life. American paintings
Visual arts of the United States
American art encompasses the history of painting and visual art in the United States. In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, artists primarily painted landscapes and portraits in a realistic style. A parallel development taking shape in rural America was the American craft movement,...

 include works by Bierstadt, Church, Mary Cassatt
Mary Cassatt
Mary Stevenson Cassatt was an American painter and printmaker. She lived much of her adult life in France, where she first befriended Edgar Degas and later exhibited among the Impressionists...

, Copley, Daubigny, Field, Heade, Hicks, Homer, Lane, Grandma Moses
Grandma Moses
Anna Mary Robertson Moses , better known as "Grandma Moses", was a renowned American folk artist. She is often cited as an example of an individual successfully beginning a career in the arts at an advanced age. Although her family and friends called her either "Mother Moses" or "Grandma Moses,"...

, Peto and Andrew Wyeth
Andrew Wyeth
Andrew Newell Wyeth was a visual artist, primarily a realist painter, working predominantly in a regionalist style. He was one of the best-known U.S. artists of the middle 20th century....

. A significant group of European paintings and pastels from the renowned Havemeyer collection includes works by Corot, Degas, Manet and Claude Monet
Claude Monet
Claude Monet was a founder of French impressionist painting, and the most consistent and prolific practitioner of the movement's philosophy of expressing one's perceptions before nature, especially as applied to plein-air landscape painting. . Retrieved 6 January 2007...

; they are exhibited in furnished rooms re-created from the Webbs’ New York apartment, c.1930, and are the only Impressionism pictures on public view in Vermont.

Collections also include 225 horse-drawn vehicles (described as one of the best in the nation by Merri Ferrell, formerly curator of vehicles at The Long Island Museum of Art, History and Carriages); 1,000 farming implements; and 5,000 hand tools that document woodworking, metalsmithing, coopering, weaving and spinning, leatherworking and woodcarving trades. Craftspeople staff working exhibits of woodworking, blacksmithing, printing, spinning and weaving. An apothecary shop/physician’s office displays 2,000 patent medicines and turn-of-the-century medical instruments.
The collections are exhibited in a setting of 39 exhibition buildings, 25 of which were relocated to the Museum ; the 1871 Colchester Reef Light
Colchester Reef Light
The Colchester Reef Light in Vermont was a lighthouse off Colchester Point in Lake Champlain. It was moved to the Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont in 1956....

, ; 3 historic and 3 replica barns, including a 1901 Vermont round barn; a vintage operating carousel; blacksmith and wheelwright shops; a weaving shop with an operating Jacquard loom; a working exhibit of late 19th-century printing equipment; an 1840 one-room schoolhouse; an 1890 Vermont slate jail; an 1840 general store; a rare 18th-century up-and-down sawmill; a 19th-century covered bridge
Covered bridge
A covered bridge is a bridge with enclosed sides and a roof, often accommodating only a single lane of traffic. Most covered bridges are wooden; some newer ones are concrete or metal with glass sides...

 with 2 lanes and a footpath; general store
General store
A general store, general merchandise store, or village shop is a rural or small town store that carries a general line of merchandise. It carries a broad selection of merchandise, sometimes in a small space, where people from the town and surrounding rural areas come to purchase all their general...

; the reconstructed doctor's office of noted Vermont physician D. C. Jarvis
D. C. Jarvis
DeForest Clinton Jarvis was an American physician from Vermont. He is best known for his writings on the subject of folk medicine. He recommended a mixture of whole apple cider vinegar and honey that have variously been called switchel or honegar, as a health tonic...

; an 1890 railroad station; a 1914 steam locomotive and 1890 private rail car; and the 1906 220-foot steamboat
Steamboat
A steamboat or steamship, sometimes called a steamer, is a ship in which the primary method of propulsion is steam power, typically driving propellers or paddlewheels...

 Ticonderoga
Ticonderoga (steamboat)
The steamboat Ticonderoga is America’s last remaining side-paddle-wheel passenger steamer with a vertical beam engine of the type that provided freight and passenger service on America’s lakes and rivers from the early 19th to the mid-20th centuries...

, which is a U.S. National Historic Landmark
National Historic Landmark
A National Historic Landmark is a building, site, structure, object, or district, that is officially recognized by the United States government for its historical significance...

.

The annual exhibition of contemporary art and design is housed in the Kalkin House, a wing constructed out of steel shipping container
Shipping container
A shipping container is a container with strength suitable to withstand shipment, storage, and handling. Shipping containers range from large reusable steel boxes used for intermodal shipments to the ubiquitous corrugated boxes...

s.

Sale of art

In 1996 the museum sold $30 million of its art to pay expenses. J. Watson Webb, Jr.
J. Watson Webb, Jr.
James Watson Webb, Jr. was an American film editor and heir to both the Havemeyer and Vanderbilt families.-Biography:...

, the son of Electra Havemeyer Webb
Electra Havemeyer Webb
Electra Havemeyer Webb was a collector of American antiques and founder of the Shelburne Museum.-Biography:Electra Havemeyer was born on August 16, 1888 to Henry O. Havemeyer and Louisine Elder, their youngest child...

, resigned in protest. Webb believed that the sale violated the code of ethics of the American Association of Museums
American Association of Museums
The American Association of Museums is a non-profit association that has brought museums together since its founding in 1906, helping develop standards and best practices, gathering and sharing knowledge, and advocating on issues of concern to the museum community...

, which forbids the selling of artworks for purposes other than acquiring more art. The funds from the sale were used to establish a Collections Care Endowment which is used to support the on-going remedial and preventative conservation, storage and management of the Museum's collection.

Buildings

  • 1950s House
    1950s House
    The 1950s House is a hands-on exhibit building at Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont. The exhibit is designed to allow museum visitors to experience everyday life in 1950s Vermont....

  • Apothecary Shop
    Apothecary Shop
    The Apothecary Shop is a building at the Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont that exhibits objects salvaged from New England pharmacies that were closing in the early decades of the 20th century...

  • Beach Lodge and Gallery
    Beach Lodge and Gallery
    The Beach Gallery and Beach Lodge are two exhibit buildings at the Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont. They are both made from logs and are designed to resemble an Adirondack hunting camp...

  • Brick House
  • The Blacksmith Shop
    The Blacksmith Shop
    The Blacksmith Shop is an exhibit building and a live-demonstration site at Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont. The Blacksmith Shop, a one-room brick structure built about 1800, and its later frame addition, originally stood near the railroad tracks in the village of Shelburne,...

  • Circus building
    Circus Building
    The Circus Building is an exhibit building at Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont. It houses a collection of circus posters, Gustav A. Dentzel Carousel animals, and elaborately carved miniature circuses, including those by Roy Arnold and Edgar Kirk....

  • The Covered Bridge, Shelburne
  • Diamond Barn
  • The Dorset House
    The Dorset House
    The Dorset House is an exhibit building at Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont; it houses the museum's collection of 900 wildfowl decoys.In 1953, Shelburne Museum purchased Dorset House, dismantled it, and reconstructed it on the Museum grounds to house the collection of decoys, punt guns, and...

  • Dutton House
    Dutton House
    The Dutton House is an exhibit building at Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont; it is also known as the Salmon Dutton House.Dutton House constitutes the first dwelling brought to Museum property. In order to relocate the structure to Museum grounds, builders dismantled the house. Museum workers...

  • Electra Havemeyer Webb Memorial Building
    Electra Havemeyer Webb Memorial Building
    The Electra Havemeyer Webb Memorial Building is an exhibit building located at the Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont.It was built as a memorial to the Museum's founder, Electra Havemeyer Webb, and her husband, James Watson Webb. It is home to the Museum's European Paintings Collection. The...

  • The General Store, Shelburne
    The General Store, Shelburne
    The General Store, constructed in 1840 in Shelburne, Vermont, originally operated as the village post office. Its front-gable orientation, accentuated with a multi-paned, triangular pedimental window, reflects the popular Greek Revival style. -History:...

  • Hat and Fragrance Textile Gallery
    Hat and Fragrance Textile Gallery
    The Hat and Fragrance Textile Gallery is an exhibit space at Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont which houses quilts, hatboxes, and various other textiles....

  • Horseshoe Barn and Annex
    Horseshoe Barn and Annex
    The Horseshoe Barn and Horseshoe Barn Annex are two exhibit buildings located at Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont. Both buildings exhibit a variety of Horse-drawn vehicles, including carriages, trade wagons, stagecoaches, and sleighs.-History:...

  • Castleton Jail
    Castleton Jail
    The Castleton Jail is an exhibit building located at the Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont. Constructed entirely of slate, it was originally built in 1890 in Castleton, Vermont, where it operated for over fifty years.-Castleton:...

  • Kalkin House
    Kalkin House (Shelburne Museum)
    The Kalkin House is an exhibition building at Shelburne Museum, Shelburne, Vermont. Designed by New Jersey-based architect and artist Adam Kalkin, it opened in June 1, 2001. The prefabricated building is made of three trans-oceanic shipping containers housed within a commercially-produced metal...

  • Colchester Reef Light
    Colchester Reef Light
    The Colchester Reef Light in Vermont was a lighthouse off Colchester Point in Lake Champlain. It was moved to the Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont in 1956....

    house
  • The Charlotte Meeting House
    The Charlotte Meeting House
    The Charlotte Meeting House was built in 1840 by the Methodist Congregation of Charlotte, Vermont. In 1952 it was moved to the Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont...

  • Pleissner Gallery
    Pleissner Gallery
    Pleissner Gallery is an exhibit building located at the Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont.-History:In 1986 the Museum erected Pleissner Gallery to house the estate of Ogden Minton Pleissner , which he bequeathed to the Museum...

  • Prentis House
    Prentis House
    The Prentis House, built in 1773 in Hadley, Massachusetts by the Dickenson family, is typical of the indigenous style of Saltbox architecture that developed in New England during the Colonial period and remained in use, particularly in rural areas, through the Revolution...

  • Ben Lane Print Shop
    Ben Lane Print Shop
    Ben Lane Print Shop is a demonstration site at Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont in the United States.-History:In 1955 the Museum constructed the Ben Lane Printing Shop as a working exhibit. A variety of presses and other equipment demonstrate daily the printing process...

  • Rail Car Grand Isle
    Rail Car Grand Isle
    The Rail Car "Grand Isle" is an exhibition building at Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont.-History:The Wagner Palace Car Company fabricated the rail car "Grand Isle" about 1890 as a gift, presented by Dr. William Seward Webb, president of the company, to Vermont Governor Edward C. Smith...

  • Rail Locomotive No. 220
    Rail Locomotive No. 220
    Rail Locomotive No. 220 is an exhibition building at Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont.-Background:In 1915 the American Locomotive Company of Schenectady, New York built the Rail Locomotive No. 220, the last coal-burning, ten-wheeler steam engine used on the Central Vermont Railway...

  • Shelburne Railroad Station and Freight Shed
    Shelburne Railroad Station and Freight Shed
    The Shelburne Railroad Station and Freight Shed are two exhibit buildings at Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont.In 1890 Rutland Railroad Station President Dr...

  • Shelburne Museum Round Barn
    Shelburne Museum Round Barn
    The Round Barn serves as a gallery space for special exhibitions at Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont.-History:Fred “Silo” Quimbly constructed the Round Barn, a three-story building measuring eighty feet in diameter, in 1901 in East Passumpsic, Vermont. Round barns enjoyed a brief period of...

  • Vergennes Schoolhouse
    Vergennes Schoolhouse
    The Schoolhouse is an exhibit building at Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont. It was originally located in Vergennes, Vermont.-History:The town of Vergennes, Vermont built the Schoolhouse about 1840 on land leased from General Samuel Strong, a Revolutionary War officer and descendant of one of...

  • Settlers' House
  • Shaker Shed
    Shaker Shed
    Shaker Shed is an exhibit building at Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont. It exhibits the Museum's collection of hand-tools and household equipment.-Background:...

  • Stagecoach Inn (Vermont)
    Stagecoach Inn (Vermont)
    The Stagecoach Inn is an exhibit building located at Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont.-History:Hezekiah Barnes built Stagecoach Inn in Charlotte, Vermont in 1783...

  • Stencil House
    Stencil House
    Stencil House, built in 1804 on one hundred-acre farm in Columbus, New York, was modeled after a Capen house, a small, side-gabled structure prevalent throughout the colonies in the 17th and 18th centuries...

  • Stone Cottage and Smokehouse
    Stone Cottage and Smokehouse
    Stone Cottage and The Smokehouse are two exhibit buildings at Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont.-Stone Cottage:Built about 1840 in South Burlington, Vermont, Stone Cottage originally functioned as home to a family of five, including two children and an elderly parent. In later years the...

  • Ticonderoga (steamboat)
    Ticonderoga (steamboat)
    The steamboat Ticonderoga is America’s last remaining side-paddle-wheel passenger steamer with a vertical beam engine of the type that provided freight and passenger service on America’s lakes and rivers from the early 19th to the mid-20th centuries...

  • The Toy Shop
    The Toy Shop
    The Toy Shop is an exhibit building at Shelburne Museum, which is located in Shelburne, Vermont. Toy Shop houses 19th- and early 20th-century playthings, including miniature transportation toys, penny banks, and music boxes.-History:...

  • Variety Unit
    Variety Unit
    Variety Unit is an exhibit building at Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont.-History:Variety Unit is the only structure at Shelburne Museum that is original to the site...

  • Shelburne Museum Vermont House
    Shelburne Museum Vermont House
    The Vermont House is an exhibit building at Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont. It features rotating exhibits, which change yearly.-History:...

  • Weaving Shop
  • Webb Gallery
    Webb Gallery
    The Webb Gallery is an exhibit building located at the Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont. Webb Gallery is the Museum's primary showcase for American art and serves as a gallery for special exhibitions.-History:...


Further reading

  • Hill, Ralph Nading and Lilian Baker Carlisle. The Story of The Shelburne Museum. 1955.
  • Shelburne Museum. 1993. Shelburne Museum: A Guide to the Collections. Shelburne: Shelburne Museum, Inc.ISBN 9780939384198

External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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