Senerchia
Encyclopedia
Senerchia is an Italian municipality of 1370 registered voters, but with only 1036 inhabitants, of province of Avellino
, located in High Valley Sele in Campania
.
, is surrounded by Picentini
mountains. Its main road links it to Quaglietta
, onto the exit "Senerchia-Quaglietta" of the Lioni
-Contursi
rapid road.
Senerchia borders with the municipalities of Acerno (SA), Campagna (SA), Oliveto Citra (SA), Valva (SA)
and Calabritto
, the only one in its same province.
The village is located 600 meters above sea level, in High Sele Valley, in a hilly area on the eastern side of the mountain group Picentini, at the foot of the steep slopes of Mount Boschetiello. The territory is composed of more than half of the mountains and forested including many peaks with elevations over 1500 meters above sea level including: Mount Boschetiello 1574 m, Mount Croce 1533 m, Raia della Volpe 1631 m, Sierro dei Cuoppi 1683 m, Sierro della Pica 1536 m, Raia del Pastore 1524m.. While the hilly terrain, starts from 600m and down the country, up 161 meters above sea level, on the right bank of the river Sele
. The territory is full of springs, although the main sources were picked from the aqueduct ASIS (formerly Montestella), the soil is highly landslide. In addition to the Sele, which skirts the municipal area, the other waterways are: Vallone Forma, Piceglia, Fiumicello Rovivo, Pozzo San Nicola and Acquabianca.
Following the Irpinia earthquake of 1980, Senerchia has undergone a radical urban transformation, the village was completely destroyed. The old part has been abandoned and dangerous buildings are clearly visible. Where stood the main square and the mother church, as a result of a landslide, there is now a green area. The buildings have been reconstructed on the sidelines of the old site, with a new urbanization and wide streets.
That this hill, and a spur of Mount Boschetiello, overlooks and has views across the High Sele Valley.
Senerchia name derives from Sena Herclae in archaic Latin means Sine of Hercules. This suggests that Senerchia has had a rich and interesting past. Based on the etymology of the word we can infer that Senerchia was once strong and powerful. The ruins of the castle are located in the upper part of the old village, near 'the church of the patron Saint Michael the Archangel, remind us that in ancient times' and during feudalism, Senerchia was a powerful feudal lord of the castle and the important to a feudal lord.
(Others say the name recalls the names of local silerchia northern Tuscany, silerchie which require a "silercula" from the Latin Siler-eris plant that grows in places full of water).
in 71 BC took place on the present territory of Senerchia on the right bank of the river Sele in the area that includes the border with Oliveto Citra up to those of Calabritto, near the village of Quaglietta, in High Sele Valley, which territory at that time was part of Lucania
. In this area, in the past decades, there have been finds of armor, armor and swords of the Roman era.
Spartacus with his army of slaves, herdsmen, shepherds, people young and robust, it diregeva toward Apulia, according to some of there because he wanted to set sail for Thrace. Then Crassus, who was the head of a Roman army very numerous and well armed, attacked him from behind. Spartacus, also because of the weariness of his men, he wanted to move the battle to the Romans. Spartacus killed his horse, saying that if he won he would have all the horses he wanted, but if he lost would not be tempted to run away, Spartacus, threw himself on the first against the Roman army, and after killing some Roman soldiers was so riddled with so many hits that his body could not be found. Some detachments of his army fled and scattered over the surrounding mountains.
About Senerchia, Scipione Ammirato
(1531-1601) writes, "is a castle in the Principality of Salerno
of 160 fires, which has given the name at the family that are over three hundred years sure who owns it," referring to the family Sinerchia saw its history closely linked to that of the small town of Campania
. The Sinerchia, were an ancient noble family of Norman origin, derived from Filangieri, and had many feuds between Campania, Basilicata and Puglia, and lived mainly between Senerchia and Naples until the fifteenth century. The Sinerchia, transplanted later in the Basilicata
region were honored with the title of Count in the fifteenth century, following the conspiracy of the barons assumed the surname Scardaccione. Amelio Senerchia Baron of Rapone and Castelgrande, participated in the conspiracy of the Barons hatched in the Castle of Malconsiglio in Miglionico
in 1481. Orlando Sinerchia Scardaccione Earl of St. Andrew, when he moved to Power, together with his cousin Amelio was deprived of possessions as a result of events related to the Conspiracy of the Barons in the Castle of Malconsiglio in Miglionico in 1481.
). Strengthened under the control of the Byzantines in the final war against the Goths
. Then with the Lombards
were changed fortification and made further extensions. In the Angevin period of Senerchia Nicholas was keeper in 1271, commissioned by Charles I of Anjou. The keep, with its west front of the well-preserved, is one of the few survivors of the ancient fortified complex from which searches a vast panorama overlooking the High Sele Valley.
Province of Avellino
The Province of Avellino is a province in the Campania region of Italy. The area is typified by many small towns and villages scattered across the province; in fact only two towns have a population over 20,000; its capital city Avellino and Ariano Irpino....
, located in High Valley Sele in Campania
Campania
Campania is a region in southern Italy. The region has a population of around 5.8 million people, making it the second-most-populous region of Italy; its total area of 13,590 km² makes it the most densely populated region in the country...
.
Geography
Senerchia, bordering mainly with the Province of SalernoProvince of Salerno
The Province of Salerno is a province in the Campania region of Italy.-Geography:The largest towns in the province are: Salerno, the capital, which has a population of 139,579; Cava de' Tirreni with a population of 53,488; Battipaglia with a population of 51,115; and Nocera Inferiore which has a...
, is surrounded by Picentini
Monti Picentini
thumb|300px|Rocky limestone landscape in the monti Picentini.The Monti Picentini is a mountain range and national park in southern Italy, part of the Apennines, traditionally part in the Campanian Apennines...
mountains. Its main road links it to Quaglietta
Quaglietta
Quaglietta is an Italian hamlet situated in the municipality of Calabritto, Province of Avellino, Campania. As of 2009 its population was of 465 .-History:...
, onto the exit "Senerchia-Quaglietta" of the Lioni
Lioni
Lioni is a town and comune in the province of Avellino, Campania, Italy. Its population was, in 2008, of 6,390 .-History:The town's name appears for the first time in a deed of gift dated 883, with which the Lombard prince Sicardo granted the abbess of S...
-Contursi
Contursi Terme
Contursi Terme is a village and comune in the province of Salerno in the Campania region of south-western Italy.-Early history:No secure identification of Contursi Terme, where ancient remains confirm a settlement at the confluence of the Tanagro with the Sele, is likely...
rapid road.
Senerchia borders with the municipalities of Acerno (SA), Campagna (SA), Oliveto Citra (SA), Valva (SA)
Valva (SA)
Valva is an Italian town and municipality in the Province of Salerno in the south-western region of Campania. As of 2009 its population was of 1,784.-Geography:...
and Calabritto
Calabritto
Calabritto is an Italian town and a commune in the province of Avellino, Campania, Italy. As of 2009 its population was of 2,567.-History:The town was struck by the 1980 Irpinia earthquake on November 23. The town had to be rebuilt after the serious damage that was inflicted. It is in the...
, the only one in its same province.
The village is located 600 meters above sea level, in High Sele Valley, in a hilly area on the eastern side of the mountain group Picentini, at the foot of the steep slopes of Mount Boschetiello. The territory is composed of more than half of the mountains and forested including many peaks with elevations over 1500 meters above sea level including: Mount Boschetiello 1574 m, Mount Croce 1533 m, Raia della Volpe 1631 m, Sierro dei Cuoppi 1683 m, Sierro della Pica 1536 m, Raia del Pastore 1524m.. While the hilly terrain, starts from 600m and down the country, up 161 meters above sea level, on the right bank of the river Sele
Sele
Sele may refer to:In places:*Sele, Norway, two villages with this name in Øygarden, Norway*Sele, West Sussex, an English hamlet*Sele Priory, a Benedictine monastery in modern day Upper Beeding, West Sussex...
. The territory is full of springs, although the main sources were picked from the aqueduct ASIS (formerly Montestella), the soil is highly landslide. In addition to the Sele, which skirts the municipal area, the other waterways are: Vallone Forma, Piceglia, Fiumicello Rovivo, Pozzo San Nicola and Acquabianca.
Following the Irpinia earthquake of 1980, Senerchia has undergone a radical urban transformation, the village was completely destroyed. The old part has been abandoned and dangerous buildings are clearly visible. Where stood the main square and the mother church, as a result of a landslide, there is now a green area. The buildings have been reconstructed on the sidelines of the old site, with a new urbanization and wide streets.
Origins
The origins of Senerchia are many remote, already pre-Roman settlement, the first settlement is positioned sull'altura where currently there are the ruins of the castle in the area, with evident morphology of natural defense, almost forming a fortified town.That this hill, and a spur of Mount Boschetiello, overlooks and has views across the High Sele Valley.
Senerchia name derives from Sena Herclae in archaic Latin means Sine of Hercules. This suggests that Senerchia has had a rich and interesting past. Based on the etymology of the word we can infer that Senerchia was once strong and powerful. The ruins of the castle are located in the upper part of the old village, near 'the church of the patron Saint Michael the Archangel, remind us that in ancient times' and during feudalism, Senerchia was a powerful feudal lord of the castle and the important to a feudal lord.
(Others say the name recalls the names of local silerchia northern Tuscany, silerchie which require a "silercula" from the Latin Siler-eris plant that grows in places full of water).
Spartacus
The final battle that saw the defeat and death of SpartacusSpartacus
Spartacus was a famous leader of the slaves in the Third Servile War, a major slave uprising against the Roman Republic. Little is known about Spartacus beyond the events of the war, and surviving historical accounts are sometimes contradictory and may not always be reliable...
in 71 BC took place on the present territory of Senerchia on the right bank of the river Sele in the area that includes the border with Oliveto Citra up to those of Calabritto, near the village of Quaglietta, in High Sele Valley, which territory at that time was part of Lucania
Lucania
Lucania was an ancient district of southern Italy, extending from the Tyrrhenian Sea to the Gulf of Taranto. To the north it adjoined Campania, Samnium and Apulia, and to the south it was separated by a narrow isthmus from the district of Bruttium...
. In this area, in the past decades, there have been finds of armor, armor and swords of the Roman era.
Spartacus with his army of slaves, herdsmen, shepherds, people young and robust, it diregeva toward Apulia, according to some of there because he wanted to set sail for Thrace. Then Crassus, who was the head of a Roman army very numerous and well armed, attacked him from behind. Spartacus, also because of the weariness of his men, he wanted to move the battle to the Romans. Spartacus killed his horse, saying that if he won he would have all the horses he wanted, but if he lost would not be tempted to run away, Spartacus, threw himself on the first against the Roman army, and after killing some Roman soldiers was so riddled with so many hits that his body could not be found. Some detachments of his army fled and scattered over the surrounding mountains.
The family of Sinerchia
Mentioned as Sinerchia in the Baronum Catalogus of 1150-1168.About Senerchia, Scipione Ammirato
Scipione Ammirato
Scipione Ammirato was an Italian historian.Ammirato was born at Lecce, in the kingdom of Naples. His father, intending him for the profession of law, sent him to study at Naples, but his own decided preference for literature prevented him from fulfilling his father's wishes...
(1531-1601) writes, "is a castle in the Principality of Salerno
Principality of Salerno
The Lombard Principality of Salerno was a South Italian state, centered on the port city of Salerno, formed in 851 out of the Principality of Benevento after a decade-long civil war....
of 160 fires, which has given the name at the family that are over three hundred years sure who owns it," referring to the family Sinerchia saw its history closely linked to that of the small town of Campania
Campania
Campania is a region in southern Italy. The region has a population of around 5.8 million people, making it the second-most-populous region of Italy; its total area of 13,590 km² makes it the most densely populated region in the country...
. The Sinerchia, were an ancient noble family of Norman origin, derived from Filangieri, and had many feuds between Campania, Basilicata and Puglia, and lived mainly between Senerchia and Naples until the fifteenth century. The Sinerchia, transplanted later in the Basilicata
Basilicata
Basilicata , also known as Lucania, is a region in the south of Italy, bordering on Campania to the west, Apulia to the north and east, and Calabria to the south, having one short southwestern coastline on the Tyrrhenian Sea between Campania in the northwest and Calabria in the southwest, and a...
region were honored with the title of Count in the fifteenth century, following the conspiracy of the barons assumed the surname Scardaccione. Amelio Senerchia Baron of Rapone and Castelgrande, participated in the conspiracy of the Barons hatched in the Castle of Malconsiglio in Miglionico
Miglionico
Miglionico is a town and comune in the province of Matera, in Basilicata, southern Italy.Miglionico was also used by kings and queens to show royalty, the last name is considered good luck by many in Italy.-Main sights:...
in 1481. Orlando Sinerchia Scardaccione Earl of St. Andrew, when he moved to Power, together with his cousin Amelio was deprived of possessions as a result of events related to the Conspiracy of the Barons in the Castle of Malconsiglio in Miglionico in 1481.
The castle SENA HERCLEA
The origin of the castle of Senerchia is ancient, perhaps already, defensive garrison of Irpini and the Romans probably had to work hard to assoggiettarlo, hence the Latin name Sena Herclea (which means Sine of HerculesHercules
Hercules is the Roman name for Greek demigod Heracles, son of Zeus , and the mortal Alcmene...
). Strengthened under the control of the Byzantines in the final war against the Goths
Goths
The Goths were an East Germanic tribe of Scandinavian origin whose two branches, the Visigoths and the Ostrogoths, played an important role in the fall of the Roman Empire and the emergence of Medieval Europe....
. Then with the Lombards
Lombards
The Lombards , also referred to as Longobards, were a Germanic tribe of Scandinavian origin, who from 568 to 774 ruled a Kingdom in Italy...
were changed fortification and made further extensions. In the Angevin period of Senerchia Nicholas was keeper in 1271, commissioned by Charles I of Anjou. The keep, with its west front of the well-preserved, is one of the few survivors of the ancient fortified complex from which searches a vast panorama overlooking the High Sele Valley.