Rugby Fives is a handball

Gaelic handball

Gaelic handball is a sport similar to Basque pelota, racquetball, squash and American handball . It is one of the four Gaelic games organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association...

 game

Game

A game is structured playing, usually undertaken for enjoyment and sometimes used as an educational tool. Games are distinct from work, which is usually carried out for remuneration, and from art, which is more often an expression of aesthetic or ideological elements...

, similar to squash

Squash (sport)

Squash is a high-speed racquet sport played by two players in a four-walled court with a small, hollow rubber ball...

, played in an enclosed court. It has similarities with Winchester Fives (a form of Wessex Fives) and Eton Fives

Eton Fives

Eton Fives, one derivative of the British game of Fives, is a hand-ball game, similar to Rugby Fives, played as doubles in a three-sided court. The object is to force the other team to fail to hit the ball 'up' off the front wall, using any variety of wall or ledge combinations as long as the ball...

.

It is most commonly believed to be derived from Wessex Fives, a game played by Thomas Arnold

Thomas Arnold

Dr Thomas Arnold was a British educator and historian. Arnold was an early supporter of the Broad Church Anglican movement...

, famous Headmaster of Rugby School

Rugby School

Rugby School is a co-educational day and boarding school located in the town of Rugby, Warwickshire, England. It is one of the oldest independent schools in Britain.-History:...

, who had played Wessex Fives when a boy at Lord Weymouth's Grammar, now Warminster School

Warminster School

Warminster School, originally called Lord Weymouth's Grammar School, is a co-educational independent day and boarding school at Warminster, Wiltshire, for students aged three to eighteen...

. The open court of Wessex Fives, built in 1787, is still in existence at Warminster School

Warminster School

Warminster School, originally called Lord Weymouth's Grammar School, is a co-educational independent day and boarding school at Warminster, Wiltshire, for students aged three to eighteen...

 although has fallen out of regular use.

An early mention of the game can be found in the novel Tom Brown's School Days(1857) by Thomas Hughes

Thomas Hughes

Thomas Hughes was an English lawyer and author. He is most famous for his novel Tom Brown's Schooldays , a semi-autobiographical work set at Rugby School, which Hughes had attended. It had a lesser-known sequel, Tom Brown at Oxford .- Biography :Hughes was the second son of John Hughes, editor of...

. The author attended Rugby School during the period when Dr. Arnold was Headmaster.

The game is played between two players (singles) or between two teams of two players each (doubles), the aim being to hit the ball above a 'bar' across the front wall in such a way that the opposition cannot return it before a second bounce. The ball is slightly larger than a golf ball

Golf

Golf is a precision club and ball sport, in which competing players use many types of clubs to hit balls into a series of holes on a golf course using the fewest number of strokes....

, leather-coated and hard. Players wear leather padded gloves on both hands, with which they hit the ball.

Court

A rugby fives court is four-walled, with the floor being rectangular in shape. It is 28 feet long by 18 feet wide and the upper limit of the in-court area is 15 feet for the front wall, sloping down the side walls to 6 feet at the back wall. In addition, a wooden bar running across the front wall with an upper height of 2.5 feet marks the lower limit of the in-court area on the front wall - there is no lower limit for the other three walls.

The floor is concrete

Concrete

Concrete is a composite construction material, composed of cement and other cementitious materials such as fly ash and slag cement, aggregate , water and chemical admixtures.The word concrete comes from the Latin word...

 so that the ball will bounce well. The walls may be stone or concrete but covered in a layer of hard-wearing plaster.

Rugby fives courts tend to be somewhat idiosyncratic and the dimensions stated above are not always adhered to exactly.

Service

Usually a 50-50 chance scenario is adopted at the start of a match in order to determine who should serve first (e.g. one player puts the ball behind their back and their opponent guesses which hand it's in). In order to initiate a point, the server must first throw the ball so that it hits the front wall above the bar, then clips the side wall. Once the ball has bounced on the floor, the server hits it so that it hits the side wall followed by the front wall. If, on the hit part of the serve, the ball hits the front wall first then the serve is referred to as a 'blackguard' . The receiver has the option to take a blackguard, as long as they say 'yes' before striking the ball. If three consecutive blackguards are served without being taken then the server is deemed to have lost a rally.

In doubles, only the receiver initially designated to return serve may do so, unless the serve is a blackguard. In this instance, either receiver may choose to say 'yes' and return the ball.

Play

Following the serve, the receiver and server take alternate turns to strike the ball against the front wall. The ball must be struck prior to it bouncing twice and while it may hit any combination of back and side walls on its way to the front wall, it must not hit the floor or an out-of-court area. Failing to validly hit the ball against the front wall loses the rally, which results in the following:

• In singles, the loser of a rally must serve the next point
• In doubles, if the servers lose the rally then the designated server within that team changes. If the receivers lose the rally then
  • if they have lost a previous point since they last served then they must serve the next point
  • if they have not lost a previous point since they last served then the designated receiver within that team changes

Scoring

Points are scored from receiving the serve in Rugby fives, as well as in Winchester fives. Thus, a point is only scored if the receiver wins the rally.

Games are played either to 11 or 15, normally agreed before the game commences. If the score is tied at 1 less than the originally agreed winning total (i.e. 10-10 or 14-14) then the winning total is increased by 1 (12 and 16, respectively) but no further (unlike in tennis where you have to win by 2 points in a tie-break).

The receiver's score is said first, so if the receiver has 10 points, and the server has 5, the score is 10-5. Zero is said as 'love'.

At the start of a game of doubles, the servers only need to win one rally in order to switch so that they are receiving (for the rest of the game the usual two before switching applies). http://www.rfa.org.uk/files/RFA_rules.pdf

Tournaments

Men

Tournament Name	Age Restrictions	Singles	Doubles
National Singles (Jesters' Cup)*	Open	Yes	No
National Doubles (Cyriax Cup)*	Open	No	Yes
West of England	Open	Yes	Yes
South-West Open	Open	Yes	Yes
North of England Open	Open	Yes	Yes
North-West Open	Open	Yes	Yes
Scottish Open	Open	Yes	Yes
London Open	Open	Yes	Yes
Yorkshire Open	Open	No	Yes
National Veterans	Over 45s	Yes	Yes
National Vintage	Over 55s	Yes	Yes
National Masters	Over 65s	No	Yes
National U25s	U25	Yes	Yes
National Student and BUCS Championships	Student (at least part time)	Yes	Yes
National Schools' Championships	U13, U14, U16, U18	Yes	Yes
West of England Schools' Championships	U16, U18	Yes	Yes
Schools' Winchester Fives Tournament	U18	No	Yes
RFA President's Cup	Open (Random Draw)	No	Yes
Winchester Fives Open Doubles	Open	No	Yes
Winchester Fives Northern Doubles	Open	No	Yes

Ladies

Tournament Name	Age Restrictions	Singles	Doubles
National Ladies Singles	Open	Yes	No
National Ladies Doubles	Open	No	Yes
National Ladies Winchester Doubles	Open	No	Yes

Other

Tournament Name	Age Restrictions	Singles	Doubles
National Mixed Doubles	Open	No	Yes
Owers Trophy (Old Boys' Tournament)	Club (Open)	Yes	Yes
National Club Championship	Club (Open)	Yes	Yes

The asterisk indicates that these tournaments have qualification rounds to play in the main knockout. The top 4 players in the singles rankings automatically qualify for singles tournaments, and the similarly the top 4 doubles pairs qualify automatically.

The Rugby Fives Association (RFA)

The RFA is the governing body for the sport of Rugby Fives. The association aims to promote the playing and coaching of Fives at schools, universities and senior level, and throughout the community in general. It does this by organising matches and tournaments throughout the season and advising on – and wherever possible supporting financially – the regeneration of facilities and provision of suitable coaching and equipment to further the game's development across the country.

National singles and doubles champions

The current national singles champion is James Toop (for the fourth time). Toop is also a past Kinnaird Cup champion (Eton Fives

Eton Fives

Eton Fives, one derivative of the British game of Fives, is a hand-ball game, similar to Rugby Fives, played as doubles in a three-sided court. The object is to force the other team to fail to hit the ball 'up' off the front wall, using any variety of wall or ledge combinations as long as the ball...

), and national doubles champions are Hamish Buchanan and Robin Perry (holding for the seventh consecutive year).

External links

• Rugby Fives Association (UK) - Includes information on where Rugby Fives can be played.