Richard Haddock
Encyclopedia
Sir Richard Haddock was an officer of the Royal Navy
. He served during the Anglo-Dutch Wars
, eventually rising to the rank of Admiral
in August 1690.
Navy. He served in the First Anglo–Dutch War and saw action in 1653. For his services he was awarded a gold medal. William initially lived in Deptford
, but subsequently moved to Kent
. He had a number of children, several of whom followed him into the navy, including his son Richard.
Richard Haddock had command of from 1656 to 1660, but was then unemployed until 1666 when he took command of the 50-gun on 14 June 1666. During this period, he was given command of one of the companies involved in the attacks on Ulie and Schelling
in August 1666. He relinquished command of the Portland on 9 November 1667.
Prior to the outbreak of the Third Anglo-Dutch War
in 1672 Haddock became captain of the 100-gun on 18 January of that year; he was her captain at the Battle of Solebay
on 28 May. The Royal James was the flagship
of Admiral Sir Edward Montagu, 1st Earl of Sandwich
. The Royal James led the van of the Blue Squadron, and attacked Willem Joseph van Ghent
's ship. She was then engaged by a number of other Dutch warships and fireships. Despite fighting several of them off and forcing Rear-Admiral Jan van Brakel
's ship to disengage, the Royal James was set on fire by the Dutch. Haddock was wounded in the foot, and on seeing that the ship was doomed, attempted to persuade the Earl to abandon ship. Montagu refused, and Haddock jumped overboard. He survived to be picked up and transferred to another English warship. Montagu was killed in the wreck.
Haddock returned to London and attended a meeting with King Charles II
. There the King bestowed a mark of favour on Haddock for his actions during the battle, taking a satin cap from his head and placing it upon Haddock's. The cap was kept in the family for many years, with a note describing
Haddock assumed command of the Third rate on 7 November 1672, and remained with her until the following 1 February. He was then given command on 2 February 1673 of the brand new First rate , flagship of Prince Rupert of the Rhine
. He fought at the Battles of Schooneveld
on 28 May and 4 June 1673 (Old Style; 7 June and 14 June New Style). Immediately following this second action, on 5 June 1673 he was switched to command HMS Royal Sovereign
, but relinquished command of the Royal Sovereign on 30 June, and was quickly appointed to be an Extra Commissioner of the Navy on 18 August 1673.
He was knight
ed on 3 July 1675. Haddock was appointed Comptroller of the Navy
on 2 February 1682, an appointment he retained until 17 April 1686. He also became commander of on 3 June 1682, but this last sea command only lasted 18 days, ending on 21 June.
. He became the representative for New Shoreham
in 1685, and just before the accession of King William III
he again became Controller of the Navy
on 12 October 1688, a post he held until his death on 29 January 1714. He was appointed joint Commander-in-Chief of the fleet sent to Ireland in 1690
, alongside Vice Admiral Henry Killigrew and Sir John Ashby. They commanded the fleet from the third rate . They remained in command until the winter when the fleet returned to Britain. They resigned their commissions and were replaced by Admiral Edward Russell
. Haddock went into retirement from active service, dying in London on 26 January 1714 at the age of 85. He was buried at the family seat of Leigh-on-Sea
in St Clement Churchyard on 6 February.
. They had three children, Jeane (married John Greene in 1672), John (who went to America), and Richard. Sir Richard married (2) Elizabeth Hurleston, daughter of Adm. Nicholas Hurleston and Anna Moyer, on 24 July 1671 at St Botolph-without-Bishopsgate
and had seven children; Martha who married Dennis Lyddoll; Capt. Richard b. abt 1673 - 21 Apr 1751; William; Elizabeth; Capt. Joseph Haddock; Adm. of the Blue Nicholas Haddock
(1685–1746); Lydia.
Sir Richard's nephew, also named Richard, served in the Navy and commanded the fireship Anne and Christopher at the Battle of Solebay, being commended for his bravery. Sir Richard's brother, Joseph Haddock, also had a naval career as a Lieutenant during the Third Anglo-Dutch War, later commanding HMS Swallow in 1678. Sir Richard's eldest son (by his second wife), another Richard
, followed his father into the Navy and in April 1734 was appointed to his father's old post of Controller of the Navy. Sir Richard's third son, Nicholas
, ended a distinguished naval career with the rank of Admiral of the Blue.
Royal Navy
The Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...
. He served during the Anglo-Dutch Wars
Anglo-Dutch Wars
The Anglo–Dutch Wars were a series of wars fought between the English and the Dutch in the 17th and 18th centuries for control over the seas and trade routes. The first war took place during the English Interregnum, and was fought between the Commonwealth of England and the Dutch Republic...
, eventually rising to the rank of Admiral
Admiral (United Kingdom)
Admiral is a senior rank of the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom, which equates to the NATO rank code OF-9, outranked only by the rank Admiral of the Fleet...
in August 1690.
Family and early life
Haddock was born into a distinguished navy family. His grandfather, also Richard Haddock, had been rewarded by the government in 1652, having held commands under both Charles I and subsequently the Parliamentary regime; he commanded the Victory in 1642, the Antelope in 1643-44, the John in 1644 and the Unicorn in 1648. In 1652 he served as Vice-Admiral commanding the Vanguard. His father, William Haddock, also commanded trading vessels, and was appointed on 14 March 1651 to command the America, a ship hired by the Commonwealth of EnglandCommonwealth of England
The Commonwealth of England was the republic which ruled first England, and then Ireland and Scotland from 1649 to 1660. Between 1653–1659 it was known as the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland...
Navy. He served in the First Anglo–Dutch War and saw action in 1653. For his services he was awarded a gold medal. William initially lived in Deptford
Deptford
Deptford is a district of south London, England, located on the south bank of the River Thames. It is named after a ford of the River Ravensbourne, and from the mid 16th century to the late 19th was home to Deptford Dockyard, the first of the Royal Navy Dockyards.Deptford and the docks are...
, but subsequently moved to Kent
Kent
Kent is a county in southeast England, and is one of the home counties. It borders East Sussex, Surrey and Greater London and has a defined boundary with Essex in the middle of the Thames Estuary. The ceremonial county boundaries of Kent include the shire county of Kent and the unitary borough of...
. He had a number of children, several of whom followed him into the navy, including his son Richard.
Command
Holmes's Bonfire
Holmes's Bonfire was a raid on the Vlie estuary in the Netherlands, executed by the Royal Navy during the Second Anglo-Dutch War on 19 and 20 August 1666 . The attack, named after the commander of the landing force, Rear-Admiral Robert Holmes, was successful in destroying by fire a large merchant...
in August 1666. He relinquished command of the Portland on 9 November 1667.
Prior to the outbreak of the Third Anglo-Dutch War
Third Anglo-Dutch War
The Third Anglo–Dutch War or Third Dutch War was a military conflict between England and the Dutch Republic lasting from 1672 to 1674. It was part of the larger Franco-Dutch War...
in 1672 Haddock became captain of the 100-gun on 18 January of that year; he was her captain at the Battle of Solebay
Battle of Solebay
The naval Battle of Solebay took place on 28 May Old Style, 7 June New Style 1672 and was the first naval battle of the Third Anglo-Dutch War.-The battle:...
on 28 May. The Royal James was the flagship
Flagship
A flagship is a vessel used by the commanding officer of a group of naval ships, reflecting the custom of its commander, characteristically a flag officer, flying a distinguishing flag...
of Admiral Sir Edward Montagu, 1st Earl of Sandwich
Edward Montagu, 1st Earl of Sandwich
Edward Montagu, 1st Earl of Sandwich, KG was an English Infantry officer who later became a naval officer. He was the only surviving son of Sir Sidney Montagu, and was brought up at Hinchingbrooke House....
. The Royal James led the van of the Blue Squadron, and attacked Willem Joseph van Ghent
Willem Joseph van Ghent
Willem Joseph baron van Ghent tot Drakenburgh was a 17th-century Dutch admiral. His surname is also sometimes rendered Gendt or Gent.-Early career:...
's ship. She was then engaged by a number of other Dutch warships and fireships. Despite fighting several of them off and forcing Rear-Admiral Jan van Brakel
Jan van Brakel
Jan van Brakel was a Dutch Rear Admiral who distinguished himself on many occasions during the Second and Third Anglo-Dutch wars and the Nine Years War. Almost nothing is known about Van Brakels early career; we know neither his year of birth nor his backgrounds...
's ship to disengage, the Royal James was set on fire by the Dutch. Haddock was wounded in the foot, and on seeing that the ship was doomed, attempted to persuade the Earl to abandon ship. Montagu refused, and Haddock jumped overboard. He survived to be picked up and transferred to another English warship. Montagu was killed in the wreck.
Haddock returned to London and attended a meeting with King Charles II
Charles II of England
Charles II was monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland.Charles II's father, King Charles I, was executed at Whitehall on 30 January 1649, at the climax of the English Civil War...
. There the King bestowed a mark of favour on Haddock for his actions during the battle, taking a satin cap from his head and placing it upon Haddock's. The cap was kept in the family for many years, with a note describing
This satin cap was given by King Charles the second, in the year 1672, to Sir Richard Haddock, after the English battle with the Dutch, when he had been captain of the Royal James, under the command of the Earl of Sandwich, which ship was burnt, and Sir Richard had been wounded. Given him on his return to London.
Haddock assumed command of the Third rate on 7 November 1672, and remained with her until the following 1 February. He was then given command on 2 February 1673 of the brand new First rate , flagship of Prince Rupert of the Rhine
Prince Rupert of the Rhine
Rupert, Count Palatine of the Rhine, Duke of Bavaria, 1st Duke of Cumberland, 1st Earl of Holderness , commonly called Prince Rupert of the Rhine, KG, FRS was a noted soldier, admiral, scientist, sportsman, colonial governor and amateur artist during the 17th century...
. He fought at the Battles of Schooneveld
Battle of Schooneveld
The Battles of Schooneveld were two naval battles of the Franco-Dutch War, fought off the coast of the Netherlands on 7 June and 14 June 1673 between an allied Anglo-French fleet commanded by Prince Rupert of the Rhine, and the fleet of the United Provinces, commanded by Michiel de Ruyter.The...
on 28 May and 4 June 1673 (Old Style; 7 June and 14 June New Style). Immediately following this second action, on 5 June 1673 he was switched to command HMS Royal Sovereign
HMS Sovereign of the Seas
Sovereign of the Seas was a 17th century warship of the English Navy. She was ordered as a 90-gun first-rate ship of the line of the English Royal Navy, but at launch was armed with 102 bronze guns, at the insistence of the king...
, but relinquished command of the Royal Sovereign on 30 June, and was quickly appointed to be an Extra Commissioner of the Navy on 18 August 1673.
He was knight
Knight
A knight was a member of a class of lower nobility in the High Middle Ages.By the Late Middle Ages, the rank had become associated with the ideals of chivalry, a code of conduct for the perfect courtly Christian warrior....
ed on 3 July 1675. Haddock was appointed Comptroller of the Navy
Third Sea Lord
The Third Sea Lord and Controller of the Navy was formerly the Naval Lord and member of the Board of Admiralty responsible for procurement and matériel in the British Royal Navy...
on 2 February 1682, an appointment he retained until 17 April 1686. He also became commander of on 3 June 1682, but this last sea command only lasted 18 days, ending on 21 June.
Political life and later offices
In 1683 he was appointed first Commissioner of the Victualling Office, a post he held until 1690. He entered politics in 1678, being elected to represent AldeburghAldeburgh (UK Parliament constituency)
Aldeburgh was a parliamentary borough represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and its predecessor bodies.The town was enfranchised in 1571 as a borough constituency...
. He became the representative for New Shoreham
New Shoreham (UK Parliament constituency)
New Shoreham, sometimes simply called Shoreham, was a parliamentary borough centred on the town of Shoreham-by-Sea in what is now West Sussex...
in 1685, and just before the accession of King William III
William III of England
William III & II was a sovereign Prince of Orange of the House of Orange-Nassau by birth. From 1672 he governed as Stadtholder William III of Orange over Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders, and Overijssel of the Dutch Republic. From 1689 he reigned as William III over England and Ireland...
he again became Controller of the Navy
Third Sea Lord
The Third Sea Lord and Controller of the Navy was formerly the Naval Lord and member of the Board of Admiralty responsible for procurement and matériel in the British Royal Navy...
on 12 October 1688, a post he held until his death on 29 January 1714. He was appointed joint Commander-in-Chief of the fleet sent to Ireland in 1690
Williamite war in Ireland
The Williamite War in Ireland—also called the Jacobite War in Ireland, the Williamite-Jacobite War in Ireland and in Irish as Cogadh an Dá Rí —was a conflict between Catholic King James II and Protestant King William of Orange over who would be King of England, Scotland and Ireland...
, alongside Vice Admiral Henry Killigrew and Sir John Ashby. They commanded the fleet from the third rate . They remained in command until the winter when the fleet returned to Britain. They resigned their commissions and were replaced by Admiral Edward Russell
Edward Russell, 1st Earl of Orford
Admiral of the Fleet Edward Russell, 1st Earl of Orford, PC was the First Lord of the Admiralty under King William III.-Naval career:...
. Haddock went into retirement from active service, dying in London on 26 January 1714 at the age of 85. He was buried at the family seat of Leigh-on-Sea
Leigh-on-Sea
Leigh-on-Sea , sometimes called Leigh, is a civil parish in Essex, England. It is part of Southend-on-Sea for administrative purposes. It became a civil parish in 1996. The council tax was increased to support it. A town council was formed. Leigh is the only parish in Southend...
in St Clement Churchyard on 6 February.
Relations
Sir Richard married (1) Elizabeth "Lydia" Wilkinson, daughter of Henry Wilkinson and Joane Cannon, on 13 February 1648 at St Katharine's by the TowerSt Katharine's by the Tower
St Katharine's by the Tower--full name Royal Hospital and Collegiate Church of St. Katharine by the Tower--was a medieval church and hospital next to the Tower of London. The establishment was founded in 1148 and the buildings demolished in 1825 to build St Katharine Docks, which takes its name...
. They had three children, Jeane (married John Greene in 1672), John (who went to America), and Richard. Sir Richard married (2) Elizabeth Hurleston, daughter of Adm. Nicholas Hurleston and Anna Moyer, on 24 July 1671 at St Botolph-without-Bishopsgate
St Botolph-without-Bishopsgate
St Botolph-without-Bishopsgate is a Church of England church in the City of London, first mentioned in 1212 and dedicated to St Botolph.The nearest London Underground station is Liverpool Street.-History:...
and had seven children; Martha who married Dennis Lyddoll; Capt. Richard b. abt 1673 - 21 Apr 1751; William; Elizabeth; Capt. Joseph Haddock; Adm. of the Blue Nicholas Haddock
Nicholas Haddock
Nicholas Haddock was an admiral in the British Royal Navy and a Member of Parliament .Haddock, the second son of Admiral Sir Richard Haddock, was destined for a naval career from childhood and first distinguished himself at the age of 16 as a midshipman at the Battle of Vigo in 1702...
(1685–1746); Lydia.
Sir Richard's nephew, also named Richard, served in the Navy and commanded the fireship Anne and Christopher at the Battle of Solebay, being commended for his bravery. Sir Richard's brother, Joseph Haddock, also had a naval career as a Lieutenant during the Third Anglo-Dutch War, later commanding HMS Swallow in 1678. Sir Richard's eldest son (by his second wife), another Richard
Richard Haddock (1673-1751)
Captain Richard Haddock was a Royal Navy officer who went on to be Comptroller of the Navy.-Naval career:Born the son of Admiral Sir Richard Haddock, Haddock Junior was given command of HMS Resolution in 1708. He became Comptroller of the Navy in 1734...
, followed his father into the Navy and in April 1734 was appointed to his father's old post of Controller of the Navy. Sir Richard's third son, Nicholas
Nicholas Haddock
Nicholas Haddock was an admiral in the British Royal Navy and a Member of Parliament .Haddock, the second son of Admiral Sir Richard Haddock, was destined for a naval career from childhood and first distinguished himself at the age of 16 as a midshipman at the Battle of Vigo in 1702...
, ended a distinguished naval career with the rank of Admiral of the Blue.