The Republic of Ararat or Kurdish Republic of Ararat was a self-proclaimed Kurdish

Kurdish people

The Kurdish people, or Kurds , are an Iranian people native to the Middle East, mostly inhabiting a region known as Kurdistan, which includes adjacent parts of Iran, Iraq, Syria, and Turkey...

 state. It was located in the northeasten part of modern Turkey

Turkey

Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...

, being centered on Karaköse Province

Agri Province

The Ağrı Province is a province in eastern Turkey, bordering Iran to the east, Kars to the North, Erzurum to the Northwest, Muş and Bitlis to the Southwest, Van to the south, and Iğdır to the northeast. Area 11,376 km². Population 542,022 ....

. Agirî is the Kurdish name for Ararat.

History

The Republic of Ararat led by the central committee of Xoybûn

Xoybûn

Xoybûn or Khoyboun , meaning oneself/being oneself in Kurdish language, was a Kurdish nationalist organization that is known with Ararat rebellion commanded by Ihsan Nuri.-Establishment:...

 party (founded by Kurds and Armenians) declared independence on October 28, 1927 or 1928, during a wave of rebellion among Kurds in southeastern Turkey.

The Ararat rebellion was led by General Ihsan Nuri Pasha

Ihsan Nuri Pasha

Ihsan Nuri, also known as Ihsan Nuri Pasha was a Kurdish soldier and politician. Former officer of the Ottoman and Turkish Army. One of leaders of the Ararat rebellion as the generalissimo of the Kurdish National Forces.-Early life:Ihsan Nuri was born in the house of his father Elî Qulî in Bitlis...

. In October 1927, Kurd Ava or Kurdava, a village near Mount Ararat

Mount Ararat

Mount Ararat is a snow-capped, dormant volcanic cone in Turkey. It has two peaks: Greater Ararat and Lesser Ararat .The Ararat massif is about in diameter...

 was designated as the provisional capital of Kurdistan. Xoybûn made appeals to the Great Powers and the League of Nations

League of Nations

The League of Nations was an intergovernmental organization founded as a result of the Paris Peace Conference that ended the First World War. It was the first permanent international organization whose principal mission was to maintain world peace...

, and also sent messages to other Kurds in Iraq

Iraq

Iraq ; officially the Republic of Iraq is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert....

 and Syria

Syria

Syria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest....

 to ask for co-operation.

Third Ararat Operation and the fall of the republic

The Turkish military subsequently crushed the Republic of Ararat in September 1930.

Aftermath

See also

• List of Kurdish dynasties and countries