Renal compensation
Encyclopedia
Renal compensation is a mechanism by which the kidneys can regulate the plasma
pH
. It is slower than respiratory compensation
, but has a greater ability to restore normal values.
In respiratory acidosis
, the kidney produces and excretes ammonium
(NH4+) and monophosphate, generating bicarbonate
in the process while clearing acid.
In respiratory alkalosis
, less HCO3− is reabsorbed, thus lowering the pH.
Blood plasma
Blood plasma is the straw-colored liquid component of blood in which the blood cells in whole blood are normally suspended. It makes up about 55% of the total blood volume. It is the intravascular fluid part of extracellular fluid...
pH
PH
In chemistry, pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. Pure water is said to be neutral, with a pH close to 7.0 at . Solutions with a pH less than 7 are said to be acidic and solutions with a pH greater than 7 are basic or alkaline...
. It is slower than respiratory compensation
Respiratory compensation
Respiratory compensation is a mechanism by which plasma pH can be altered by varying the respiratory rate. It is faster than renal compensation, but has less ability to restore normal values....
, but has a greater ability to restore normal values.
In respiratory acidosis
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory acidosis is a medical condition in which decreased ventilation causes increased blood carbon dioxide concentration and decreased pH ....
, the kidney produces and excretes ammonium
Ammonium
The ammonium cation is a positively charged polyatomic cation with the chemical formula NH. It is formed by the protonation of ammonia...
(NH4+) and monophosphate, generating bicarbonate
Bicarbonate
In inorganic chemistry, bicarbonate is an intermediate form in the deprotonation of carbonic acid...
in the process while clearing acid.
In respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis is a medical condition in which increased respiration elevates the blood pH...
, less HCO3− is reabsorbed, thus lowering the pH.