Reinhart Dozy
Encyclopedia
Reinhart Pieter Anne Dozy (Leiden, Netherlands
, 21 February 1820 – Alexandria
, Egypt
, 29 April May 1883) was a Dutch
scholar of French (Huguenot
) origin, who was born in Leiden. He was a scholar of Arabic language, history and literature.
, but some of the former appear to have settled in the Netherlands
as early as 1647. Dozy studied at the University of Leiden, obtained the degree of doctor in 1844, was appointed an extraordinary professor of history in 1850, and professor in 1857.
The first results of his extensive studies in Oriental literature, Arabic language
and history, manifested themselves in 1847, when he published a translation from Abdelwahid al-Marrakushi, born 1185, resident in South Spain
between 1208 and 1217, leaving then for Egypt
and visisiting Meca
in 1221, dated 1224, Kitab al-mujib fi talkhis akhbar ahl al-Maghrib under the title , The history of the Almohads, preceded by a sketch of the history of Spain
from the time of the conquest till the reign of Yusuf ibn Tashfin
, and of the history of the Almoravids
, printed again in 1881 and reprinted in 1968.
His other works include:
His most famous work was:
As an Arabic scholar Dozy wrote :
Dozy also edited:
and
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, 21 February 1820 – Alexandria
Alexandria
Alexandria is the second-largest city of Egypt, with a population of 4.1 million, extending about along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea in the north central part of the country; it is also the largest city lying directly on the Mediterranean coast. It is Egypt's largest seaport, serving...
, Egypt
Egypt
Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...
, 29 April May 1883) was a Dutch
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
scholar of French (Huguenot
Huguenot
The Huguenots were members of the Protestant Reformed Church of France during the 16th and 17th centuries. Since the 17th century, people who formerly would have been called Huguenots have instead simply been called French Protestants, a title suggested by their German co-religionists, the...
) origin, who was born in Leiden. He was a scholar of Arabic language, history and literature.
Biography
The Dozys, like so other contemporary French families, emigrated to the Low Countries after the revocation of the edict of NantesEdict of Nantes
The Edict of Nantes, issued on 13 April 1598, by Henry IV of France, granted the Calvinist Protestants of France substantial rights in a nation still considered essentially Catholic. In the Edict, Henry aimed primarily to promote civil unity...
, but some of the former appear to have settled in the Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
as early as 1647. Dozy studied at the University of Leiden, obtained the degree of doctor in 1844, was appointed an extraordinary professor of history in 1850, and professor in 1857.
The first results of his extensive studies in Oriental literature, Arabic language
Arabic language
Arabic is a name applied to the descendants of the Classical Arabic language of the 6th century AD, used most prominently in the Quran, the Islamic Holy Book...
and history, manifested themselves in 1847, when he published a translation from Abdelwahid al-Marrakushi, born 1185, resident in South Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
between 1208 and 1217, leaving then for Egypt
Egypt
Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...
and visisiting Meca
MECA
Meca or MECA may refer to:* Maine College of Art* Marriage Equality California* MECA CLUB, students' Mechanical Electrical Civil Architecture group of Ain Shams University Faculty of Engineering, Cairo, Egypt...
in 1221, dated 1224, Kitab al-mujib fi talkhis akhbar ahl al-Maghrib under the title , The history of the Almohads, preceded by a sketch of the history of Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
from the time of the conquest till the reign of Yusuf ibn Tashfin
Yusuf ibn Tashfin
Yusef ibn Tashfin also, Tashafin, or Teshufin; or Yusuf; was a king of the Almoravid empire, he founded the city of Marrakech and led the Muslim forces in the Battle of Zallaqa....
, and of the history of the Almoravids
Almoravids
The Almoravids were a Berber dynasty of Morocco, who formed an empire in the 11th-century that stretched over the western Maghreb and Al-Andalus. Their capital was Marrakesh, a city which they founded in 1062 C.E...
, printed again in 1881 and reprinted in 1968.
His other works include:
- Scriptorum Arabum loci de Abbaditis (1846-1863, 3 vols.),
- His edition of XIII Century MarrakechMarrakechMarrakech or Marrakesh , known as the "Ochre city", is the most important former imperial city in Morocco's history...
historian Ibn IdhariIbn IdhariAbū al-Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Idhāri al-Marrākushi who lived in the late 13th and the early 14th century, was the author of an important medieval text on the history of the Maghreb and Iberia written in 1312.Little is known about the life of this author, who was born in Al-Andalus and...
' s , a.k.a. Abū al-Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Idhāri al-Marrākushi (Arabic: أبو العباس أحمد ابن عذاري المراكشي History of Africa and Spain (1848-1852, 3 vols.), translation of a Leiden library manuscript purchased at MoroccoMoroccoMorocco , officially the Kingdom of Morocco , is a country located in North Africa. It has a population of more than 32 million and an area of 710,850 km², and also primarily administers the disputed region of the Western Sahara...
in the XVII Century titled Al-Bayan al-MughribAl-Bayan al-MughribKitāb al-bayān al-mughrib fī ākhbār mulūk al-andalus wa'l-maghrib is an important medieval text on the history of the Maghreb and Iberia, written in Arabic in Marrakech in about the year 1312 by Ibn Idhari...
.
- Of Ibn-Badrun's Historical Commentary on the Poem of Ibn-Abdun (1848), and
- His Dictionnaire détaillé des noms des vêtements chez les Arabes (1845), a work crowned by the Dutch Institute.
His most famous work was:
- Histoire des Mussulmans d'Espagne, jusqu'à la conquête de l'Andalousie par les Almoravides, 711-1110 (1861; 2nd ed., 1881), a graphically written account of MoorishMoorsThe description Moors has referred to several historic and modern populations of the Maghreb region who are predominately of Berber and Arab descent. They came to conquer and rule the Iberian Peninsula for nearly 800 years. At that time they were Muslim, although earlier the people had followed...
dominion in Spain, which shed new light on many obscure points.
- Recherches sur l'histoire et la littérature de l'Espagne pendant le moyen âge (2 vols., 1849; 2nd and 3rd ed., completely recast in 1860 and 1881) form a supplement to his Histoire des Mussulmans, in which he exposes the many tricks and falsehoods of the monks in their chronicles, and effectively demolishes a good part of the CidCidCid may refer to:* Cid , a series of fictional characters in the Final Fantasy series of computer role-playing games* Cid Corman, a poet* Cid, a slang term for Lysergic acid diethylamide...
legends.
As an Arabic scholar Dozy wrote :
- Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes (1877-1881, 2 volumes) and
- Glossaire des mots espagnols et portugais, dérivés de l'arabe, edited with W. H. Engelmann of Leipzig (1861; 2nd ed., 1869), and a similar list of Dutch words derived from the Arabic.
Dozy also edited:
- Ahmed Mohammed al-Maqqari's Analectes sur l'histoire et la littérature des Arabes d'Espagne (1855-1861, 2 vols.), and, in conjunction with his friend and successor, Michael Jan de GoejeMichael Jan de GoejeMichael Jan de Goeje was a Dutch orientalist.Michael Jan de Goeje was born in Dronrijp, Friesland. He devoted himself at an early age to the study of oriental languages and became especially proficient in Arabic, under the guidance of Reinhart Dozy and Theodor Juynboll, to whom he was afterwards...
, at Leiden:
- al-Idrisi's Description de l'Afrique et de l'Espagne (1866), i.e. Abu Abd Allah Muhammad al-Idrisi al-Qurtubi al-Hasani al-Sabti or simply Al Idrisi (Arabic: أبو عبد الله محمد الإدريسي) (CeutaCeutaCeuta is an autonomous city of Spain and an exclave located on the north coast of North Africa surrounded by Morocco. Separated from the Iberian peninsula by the Strait of Gibraltar, Ceuta lies on the border of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. Ceuta along with the other Spanish...
, 1099 – SicilySicilySicily is a region of Italy, and is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea. Along with the surrounding minor islands, it constitutes an autonomous region of Italy, the Regione Autonoma Siciliana Sicily has a rich and unique culture, especially with regard to the arts, music, literature,...
island, 1165 or 1166).
- Calendrier de Cordoue de l'année 961; texte arabe et ancienne traduction latine (1874).
- Het Islamisme (Islamism; 1863, 2nd ed., 1880; French translation) is a popular exposition of IslamIslamIslam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
, of a more controversial character; and
- De Israelieten te Mekka ("The Israelites at Mecca", 1864) became the subject of a rather heated discussion in Jewish circles.