Prussian G 12
Encyclopedia
The Prussian G 12 was a 2-10-0
goods train locomotive with the Prussian state railways
(Preußische Staatseisenbahnen).
It was built because it had been shown during the First World War that it was a great disadvantage, from a servicing and maintenance point of view, for each state railway to have its own locomotive classes
with no standardization. In addition, the military railways needed a fast, powerful, goods train locomotive, that did not, however, have a high axle load
.
and a 2-10-0 locomotive built for the Imperial Ottoman Department for Military Railways (Kaiserlich Ottomanische Generaldirektion der Militäreisenbahnen or C.F.O.A.) by Henschel
(see Prussian G 12 (C.F.O.A)).
The locomotives differed in several points from earlier principles for Prussian locomotive design. Firstly they had a continuous bar frame and a wide, outer, Belpaire firebox
located above the frame with a large grate area.
. The Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine
ordered 118, the Grand Duchy of Baden State Railway
88, the Royal Saxon State Railways
42 and the Royal Württemberg State Railways
42 engines. In addition, Baden bought 10 locomotives from the Prussian state railways
. Even the Deutsche Reichsbahn
receive a batch of 20 locomotives in 1924 that, following the Saxon XIII H, were given the numbers 58 443-462.
The Saxon locomotives were, like their predecessors, designated as Class XIII H; Baden and Württemberg took on the Prussian designation of G 12. Only the Bavarian State Railways, the railways of Mecklenburg
and Oldenburg
did not buy any G 12s; as a result the G 12 can be viewed as the precursor to the standard locomotives or Einheitsloks in Germany.
. There they were given the following operating numbers:
Number 58 1001 was not a G 12, rather an engine for the C.F.O.A. left in Germany.
and, after 1945, a number of other engines followed suit, of which 43 remained in service for a long time (up to 1968).
, 58 2144 from Poland
and 58 2145-2148 from Luxembourg
were incorporated.
The Deutsche Bundesbahn
retired their units in 1953. The East German Deutsche Reichsbahn still had 300 machines in service in 1968. On the introduction of EDP numbers in 1970, a '1' was usually prefixed to three-digit operating numbers. The last locomotives were mustered out in 1976. 56 locomotives were converted by the Deutsche Reichsbahn to Class 58.30
Rekoloks between 1958 and 1962.
After World War II, locomotives 58 1669, 1746, 1767, 1904, 1917, 2122 and 2132 remained on Austrian national territory. Number 58 1669 was given back to the DB
in 1949, 58 1904 was paid off in 1951 and 58 1917 ended up in the Soviet Union
in 1949. The remaining four engines formed the Austrian ÖBB Class 658. All the engines were retired by 1966. However at least one example (658.2122) survived longer in use as a heating locomotive and was still at Linz depot in February 1976 albeit dumped and carrying the number 01042.
The locomotives remaining in Poland after 1945 were given the PKP
class Ty1. Those in Yugoslavia became class 36.
s. The Saxon XIII H, on the other hand, generally ran with the somewhat larger Saxon class 3 T 21 tenders, resulting in a greater overall length. Because water tank volume was reduced on conversion to coal dust firing, only large Prussian 2'2' T 31.5 tenders or standard tenders were used after the war.
), and a Prussian original, 58 1616 (formerly used as a steam generator (Dampfspender) (Bw Hermeskeil), remain preserved. See the List of preserved steam locomotives in Germany.
.
2-10-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-10-0 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle, ten powered and coupled driving wheels on five axles, and no trailing wheels...
goods train locomotive with the Prussian state railways
Prussian state railways
The term Prussian state railways encompasses those railway organisations that were owned or managed by the State of Prussia...
(Preußische Staatseisenbahnen).
It was built because it had been shown during the First World War that it was a great disadvantage, from a servicing and maintenance point of view, for each state railway to have its own locomotive classes
Class (locomotive)
Class refers to a group of locomotives built to a common design for a single railroad. Often members of a particular class had detail variations between individual examples, and these could lead to subclasses. Sometimes technical alterations move a locomotive from one class to another...
with no standardization. In addition, the military railways needed a fast, powerful, goods train locomotive, that did not, however, have a high axle load
Axle load
The axle load of a wheeled vehicle is the total weight felt by the roadway for all wheels connected to a given axle. Viewed another way, it is the fraction of total vehicle weight resting on a given axle...
.
Design
The G 12 was based on the Prussian G 12.1Prussian G 12.1
The Prussian G 12.1 was a German steam locomotive built for the Prussian state railways during the First World War and was the largest Prussian freight locomotive with a 2-10-0 wheel arrangement...
and a 2-10-0 locomotive built for the Imperial Ottoman Department for Military Railways (Kaiserlich Ottomanische Generaldirektion der Militäreisenbahnen or C.F.O.A.) by Henschel
Henschel & Son
Henschel & Son was a German company, situated in Kassel, best known during the 20th century as a maker of transportation equipment, including locomotives, trucks, buses and trolleybuses, and armoured fighting vehicles and weapons....
(see Prussian G 12 (C.F.O.A)).
The locomotives differed in several points from earlier principles for Prussian locomotive design. Firstly they had a continuous bar frame and a wide, outer, Belpaire firebox
Belpaire firebox
The Belpaire firebox is a type of firebox used on steam locomotives. It was invented by Alfred Belpaire of Belgium. It has a greater surface area at the top of the firebox, improving heat transfer and steam production...
located above the frame with a large grate area.
Construction
Between August 1917 and 1921, a total of 1,168 G 12s were procured by PrussiaPrussia
Prussia was a German kingdom and historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, successfully expanding its size by way of an unusually well-organized and effective army. Prussia shaped the history...
. The Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine
Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine
The Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine were the first railways owned by the German Empire.They emerged in 1871, after France had ceded the region of Alsace-Lorraine to the German Empire under the terms of the peace treaty following the Franco-Prussian War...
ordered 118, the Grand Duchy of Baden State Railway
Grand Duchy of Baden State Railway
The Grand Duchy of Baden was an independent state in what is now southwestern Germany until the creation of the German Empire in 1871. It had its own state-owned railway company, the Grand Duchy of Baden State Railways , which was founded in 1840...
88, the Royal Saxon State Railways
Royal Saxon State Railways
The Royal Saxon State Railways were the state-owned railways operating in the Kingdom of Saxony from 1869 to 1918...
42 and the Royal Württemberg State Railways
Royal Württemberg State Railways
The Royal Württemberg State Railways were the state railways of the Kingdom of Württemberg between 1843 and 1920...
42 engines. In addition, Baden bought 10 locomotives from the Prussian state railways
Prussian state railways
The term Prussian state railways encompasses those railway organisations that were owned or managed by the State of Prussia...
. Even the Deutsche Reichsbahn
Deutsche Reichsbahn
Deutsche Reichsbahn was the name of the following two companies:* Deutsche Reichsbahn, the German Imperial Railways during the Weimar Republic, the Third Reich and the immediate aftermath...
receive a batch of 20 locomotives in 1924 that, following the Saxon XIII H, were given the numbers 58 443-462.
The Saxon locomotives were, like their predecessors, designated as Class XIII H; Baden and Württemberg took on the Prussian designation of G 12. Only the Bavarian State Railways, the railways of Mecklenburg
Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Friedrich-Franz Railway
The Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Friedrich-Franz Railway was the state railway company in Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Mecklenburg-Strelitz...
and Oldenburg
Grand Duchy of Oldenburg State Railways
The Grand Duchy of Oldenburg Railway was the railway company that was run as a state railway for the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg , part of the German Empire....
did not buy any G 12s; as a result the G 12 can be viewed as the precursor to the standard locomotives or Einheitsloks in Germany.
Deutsche Reichsbahn
The majority of locomotives of this class were taken over by the Deutsche ReichsbahnDeutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft
The Deutsche Reichsbahn – was the name of the German national railway created from the railways of the individual states of the German Empire following the end of World War I....
. There they were given the following operating numbers:
- Baden G 12: 58 201–225, 231–272, 281–303, 311–318
- Saxon XIII H: 58 401–462
- Württemberg G 12: 58 501–543
- Prussian G 12: 58 1002–2148.
Number 58 1001 was not a G 12, rather an engine for the C.F.O.A. left in Germany.
Coal dust firing
Around 1930, six engines were converted to coal dust firingPulverized coal-fired boiler
A pulverized coal-fired boiler is an industrial or utility boiler that generates thermal energy by burning pulverized coal that is blown into the firebox....
and, after 1945, a number of other engines followed suit, of which 43 remained in service for a long time (up to 1968).
World War II
In World War IIWorld War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, 58 2144 from Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
and 58 2145-2148 from Luxembourg
Luxembourg
Luxembourg , officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg , is a landlocked country in western Europe, bordered by Belgium, France, and Germany. It has two principal regions: the Oesling in the North as part of the Ardennes massif, and the Gutland in the south...
were incorporated.
The Deutsche Bundesbahn
Deutsche Bundesbahn
The Deutsche Bundesbahn or DB was formed as the state railway of the newly established Federal Republic of Germany on September 7, 1949 as a successor of the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft '...
retired their units in 1953. The East German Deutsche Reichsbahn still had 300 machines in service in 1968. On the introduction of EDP numbers in 1970, a '1' was usually prefixed to three-digit operating numbers. The last locomotives were mustered out in 1976. 56 locomotives were converted by the Deutsche Reichsbahn to Class 58.30
DR Class 58.30
After the Second World War, the Deutsche Reichsbahn in East Germany had a requirement for powerful goods train locomotives with a 15-18 tonne axle load for routes in the Mittelgebirge mountains. As a result the DR Class 58.30 emerged, as part of the so-called 'reconstruction programme', based on...
Rekoloks between 1958 and 1962.
After World War II, locomotives 58 1669, 1746, 1767, 1904, 1917, 2122 and 2132 remained on Austrian national territory. Number 58 1669 was given back to the DB
Deutsche Bundesbahn
The Deutsche Bundesbahn or DB was formed as the state railway of the newly established Federal Republic of Germany on September 7, 1949 as a successor of the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft '...
in 1949, 58 1904 was paid off in 1951 and 58 1917 ended up in the Soviet Union
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
in 1949. The remaining four engines formed the Austrian ÖBB Class 658. All the engines were retired by 1966. However at least one example (658.2122) survived longer in use as a heating locomotive and was still at Linz depot in February 1976 albeit dumped and carrying the number 01042.
The locomotives remaining in Poland after 1945 were given the PKP
Polskie Koleje Panstwowe
is the dominant railway operator in Poland.The company was founded when the former state-owned operator was divided into several units based on the requirements laid down by the European Union...
class Ty1. Those in Yugoslavia became class 36.
Tenders
The G 12 was mainly equipped with Prussian class 3 T 20 or 2'2' T 31.5 tenderTender locomotive
A tender or coal-car is a special rail vehicle hauled by a steam locomotive containing the locomotive's fuel and water. Steam locomotives consume large quantities of water compared to the quantity of fuel, so tenders are necessary to keep the locomotive running over long distances. A locomotive...
s. The Saxon XIII H, on the other hand, generally ran with the somewhat larger Saxon class 3 T 21 tenders, resulting in a greater overall length. Because water tank volume was reduced on conversion to coal dust firing, only large Prussian 2'2' T 31.5 tenders or standard tenders were used after the war.
Preservation
Today, two former Baden locomotives of the older type, 58 261 (Bw Chemnitz-Hilbersdorf) and 58 311 (EttlingenEttlingen
Ettlingen is a town in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, about south of the city of Karlsruhe. Ettlingen is the second largest town in the district of Karlsruhe, after Bruchsal.-Geography:...
), and a Prussian original, 58 1616 (formerly used as a steam generator (Dampfspender) (Bw Hermeskeil), remain preserved. See the List of preserved steam locomotives in Germany.
.
External links
- Photo of 58 311 (2007 in Frankfurt/M)
- There is a relevant English-language forum at Railways of Germany