Pretenders to the throne of Parma
Encyclopedia
This is a list of pretenders to the throne of Parma
, which was ruled by the House of Bourbon-Parma
until 1859 when the ducal family escaped after the Italian national insurrection linked to the Second Italian War of Independence
.
Parma
Parma is a city in the Italian region of Emilia-Romagna famous for its ham, its cheese, its architecture and the fine countryside around it. This is the home of the University of Parma, one of the oldest universities in the world....
, which was ruled by the House of Bourbon-Parma
House of Bourbon-Parma
The House of Bourbon-Parma is an Italian cadet branch of the House of Bourbon. It is thus descended from the Capetian dynasty in male line. The name of Bourbon-Parma comes from the main name and the other from the title of Duke of Parma....
until 1859 when the ducal family escaped after the Italian national insurrection linked to the Second Italian War of Independence
Second Italian War of Independence
The Second War of Italian Independence, Franco-Austrian War, Austro-Sardinian War, or Austro-Piedmontese War , was fought by Napoleon III of France and the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia against the Austrian Empire in 1859...
.
| Duke | | Portrait | Birth | | Marriages | | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Robert I, Duke of Parma Robert I, Duke of Parma Robert I was the last sovereign Duke of Parma and Piacenza from 1854 to 1859, when the duchy was annexed to Sardinia-Piedmont during the unification of Italy... 1859–1907 |
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9 July 1848 Florence Florence Florence is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany and of the province of Florence. It is the most populous city in Tuscany, with approximately 370,000 inhabitants, expanding to over 1.5 million in the metropolitan area.... son of Charles III, Duke of Parma Charles III, Duke of Parma -Early life:Charles III was born at the Villa delle Pianore near Lucca, the only son of Charles Louis, Prince of Lucca and his wife Princess Maria-Theresa of Savoy . He was given the baptismal names Ferdinando Carlo Vittorio Giuseppe Maria Baldassarre... and Louise Marie Thérèse of France |
(1) Maria Pia of the Two Sicilies 5 April 1869 12 children (2) Maria Antonia of Portugal Infanta Maria Antonia of Portugal Infanta Maria Antónia of Portugal was a Portuguese infanta, the seventh and last child of Miguel I of Portugal and Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg.-Infanta of... 15 October 1884 12 children |
16 November 1907 Viareggio Viareggio Viareggio is a city and comune located in northern Tuscany, Italy, on the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea. With a population of over 64,000 it is the main centre of the northern Tuscan Riviera known as Versilia, and the second largest city within the Province of Lucca.It is known as a seaside resort... aged 63 |
| Henry of Bourbon-Parma Henry, Duke of Parma Henry, Duke of Parma and Piacenza was the head of the House of Bourbon-Parma and the pretender to the defunct throne of Parma from 1907 to 1939.-Biography:Prince Enrico was born at Wartegg Castle in Rorschach, the second but eldest surviving son of... 1907–1939 |
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13 June 1873 Wartegg son of Robert I, Duke of Parma Robert I, Duke of Parma Robert I was the last sovereign Duke of Parma and Piacenza from 1854 to 1859, when the duchy was annexed to Sardinia-Piedmont during the unification of Italy... and Maria Pia of the Two Sicilies |
never married | 16 November 1939 Pianore Tuscany Tuscany is a region in Italy. It has an area of about 23,000 square kilometres and a population of about 3.75 million inhabitants. The regional capital is Florence .... aged 66 |
| Joseph of Bourbon-Parma Joseph, Duke of Parma Joseph, Duke of Parma and Piacenza was the head of the House of Bourbon-Parma and the pretender to the defunct throne of... 1939–1950 |
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30 June 1875 Biarritz Biarritz Biarritz is a city which lies on the Bay of Biscay, on the Atlantic coast, in south-western France. It is a luxurious seaside town and is popular with tourists and surfers.... son of Robert I, Duke of Parma Robert I, Duke of Parma Robert I was the last sovereign Duke of Parma and Piacenza from 1854 to 1859, when the duchy was annexed to Sardinia-Piedmont during the unification of Italy... and Maria Pia of the Two Sicilies |
never married | 7 January 1950 Pianore Tuscany Tuscany is a region in Italy. It has an area of about 23,000 square kilometres and a population of about 3.75 million inhabitants. The regional capital is Florence .... aged 75 |
| Elias of Bourbon-Parma Elias, Duke of Parma Elias, Duke of Parma and Piacenza was the head of the House of Bourbon-Parma and pretender to the defunct throne of Parma between 1950 and 1959... 1950–1959 |
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23 July 1880 Biarritz Biarritz Biarritz is a city which lies on the Bay of Biscay, on the Atlantic coast, in south-western France. It is a luxurious seaside town and is popular with tourists and surfers.... son of Robert I, Duke of Parma Robert I, Duke of Parma Robert I was the last sovereign Duke of Parma and Piacenza from 1854 to 1859, when the duchy was annexed to Sardinia-Piedmont during the unification of Italy... and Maria Pia of the Two Sicilies |
Maria Anna of Austria Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (1882–1940) Archduchess Maria Anna Isabelle Epiphanie Eugenie Gabriele of Austria, full German name: Maria Anna Isabelle Epiphanie Eugenie Gabriele, Erzherzogin von Österreich was a member of the Teschen branch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and an Archduchess of Austria and... 25 May 1903 Vienna Vienna Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre... 8 children |
27 June 1959 Friedberg aged 79 |
| Robert (II) Hugo of Bourbon-Parma Robert II, Duke of Parma Robert Hugo, Duke of Parma and Piacenza was the head of the House of Bourbon-Parma and the pretender to the defunct throne of the Parma between 1959 and 1974.-Biography:... 1959–1974 |
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7 August 1909 Weilburg Weilburg Weilburg is, with just under 14,000 inhabitants, the third biggest town in Limburg-Weilburg district in Hesse, Germany, after Limburg an der Lahn and Bad Camberg.- Location :... son of Elias of Bourbon-Parma Elias, Duke of Parma Elias, Duke of Parma and Piacenza was the head of the House of Bourbon-Parma and pretender to the defunct throne of Parma between 1950 and 1959... and Maria Anna of Austria Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (1882–1940) Archduchess Maria Anna Isabelle Epiphanie Eugenie Gabriele of Austria, full German name: Maria Anna Isabelle Epiphanie Eugenie Gabriele, Erzherzogin von Österreich was a member of the Teschen branch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and an Archduchess of Austria and... |
never married | 25 November 1974 Vienna Vienna Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre... aged 65 |
| Xavier of Bourbon-Parma Xavier, Duke of Parma Xavier, Duke of Parma and Piacenza, known before 1974 as Prince Xavier of Bourbon-Parma was the head of the ducal House of Bourbon-Parma, pretender to the defunct throne of Parma, and Carlist claimant to the throne of Spain under the name Javier I.-Early life:Xavier... 1974–1977 |
25 May 1889 Viareggio Viareggio Viareggio is a city and comune located in northern Tuscany, Italy, on the coast of the Tyrrhenian Sea. With a population of over 64,000 it is the main centre of the northern Tuscan Riviera known as Versilia, and the second largest city within the Province of Lucca.It is known as a seaside resort... son of Robert I, Duke of Parma Robert I, Duke of Parma Robert I was the last sovereign Duke of Parma and Piacenza from 1854 to 1859, when the duchy was annexed to Sardinia-Piedmont during the unification of Italy... and Infanta Maria Antonia of Portugal |
Madeleine de Bourbon-Busset Madeleine de Bourbon-Busset Madeleine de Bourbon was the Duchess of Parma and was also Carlist queen of Spain by virtue of marriage to Xavier of Parma, the Carlist pretender to the Spanish throne,.... 12 November 1927 Lignières Lignières Lignières may refer to:*in Switzerland:**Lignières, Neuchâtel*in France:**Lignières, Aube**Lignières, Cher**Lignières, Indre et Loire**Lignières, Loir-et-Cher**Lignières, Somme... 6 children |
7 May 1977 Zizers Zizers Zizers is a municipality in the district of Landquart in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. Zita of Bourbon-Parma, Empress of Austria-Hungary died in Zizers.-Geography:... aged 87 |
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| Carlos (IV) Hugo of Bourbon-Parma 1977–2010 |
- | 8 April 1930 Paris Paris Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region... son of Xavier of Bourbon-Parma Xavier, Duke of Parma Xavier, Duke of Parma and Piacenza, known before 1974 as Prince Xavier of Bourbon-Parma was the head of the ducal House of Bourbon-Parma, pretender to the defunct throne of Parma, and Carlist claimant to the throne of Spain under the name Javier I.-Early life:Xavier... and Madeleine de Bourbon-Busset Madeleine de Bourbon-Busset Madeleine de Bourbon was the Duchess of Parma and was also Carlist queen of Spain by virtue of marriage to Xavier of Parma, the Carlist pretender to the Spanish throne,.... |
Princess Irene of the Netherlands Princess Irene of the Netherlands Princess Irene of the Netherlands is the second child of the late Queen Juliana and Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands.-Childhood and ancestry:thumb|left|215px|Princesses Margriet, Irene, and Beatrix in 1944... 29 April 1964 Rome Rome Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half... 4 children |
18 August 2010 Barcelona Barcelona Barcelona is the second largest city in Spain after Madrid, and the capital of Catalonia, with a population of 1,621,537 within its administrative limits on a land area of... aged 80 |
| Carlos (V) of Bourbon-Parma since 2010 |
- | 27 January 1970 Nijmegen son of Carlos Hugo of Bourbon-Parma and Princess Irene of the Netherlands Princess Irene of the Netherlands Princess Irene of the Netherlands is the second child of the late Queen Juliana and Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands.-Childhood and ancestry:thumb|left|215px|Princesses Margriet, Irene, and Beatrix in 1944... |
Annemarie Gualthérie van Weezel 12 June 2010 Wijk bij Duurstede Wijk bij Duurstede - The city of Wijk bij Duurstede :The city is located on the Rhine. At Wijk bij Duurstede, the Kromme Rijn branches off, and the main branch is called Lek River downstream from Wijk bij Duurstede.... (civil) |
incumbent |