Possession and Acquisition Licence
Encyclopedia
A Possession and Acquisition Licence is a licence that allows individuals in Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...

 to possess and acquire firearms as well as ammunition
Ammunition
Ammunition is a generic term derived from the French language la munition which embraced all material used for war , but which in time came to refer specifically to gunpowder and artillery. The collective term for all types of ammunition is munitions...

. Licences are typically valid for five (5) years and must be renewed prior to expiry to maintain all classes. Once licensed, an individual can apply for a firearm transfer; and an Authorization To Transport (ATT) for restricted and prohibited firearms. If an individual possessing a PAL is convicted of certain offences, a PAL can be revoked. If an individual does not renew their PAL prior to its expiration date or if they have their PAL revoked, they must legally dispose of any firearms in their possession. A licence for prohibited firearms can be issued to qualifying businesses, and very rarely to individuals (firearms they own, as the gun laws changed over time.) Previous convictions for serious violent, drug or weapons offences almost invariably result in the denial of the application.

Obtaining/Applying for a PAL

All licensing of firearms in Canada is managed by the RCMP's Canadian Firearms Program (CFP). In the Canadian system, there are three classes of firearms and firearm licences: non-restricted, restricted and prohibited. See Classification of Firearms below for complete details on prohibited, restricted and non-restricted firearms.

Individuals who wish to possess or acquire firearms, and acquire ammunition in Canada, must have a valid Possession and Acquisition Licence. This licence is distributed exclusively by the RCMP and is generally obtained in the following three steps:
  • 1) Safety Training: To be eligible to receive a PAL, all applicants must successfully complete the Canadian Firearms Safety Course (CFSC) for a Non-restricted licence, and the Canadian Restricted Firearms Safety Course (CRFSC) for a restricted licence. In most cases, the Non-restricted class is a prerequisite to obtain the Restricted licence. Information on the locations and availability of these courses can be found here.
  • 2) Applying for a licence: Currently there is only one type of licence available to new applicants, the Possession/Acquisition Licence (PAL). Canadian citizens, as well as non-residents, can request a PAL by filling out form CAFC921
  • 3) Security Screening: Background checks and investigations are performed. All applicants are screened and a mandatory 28-day waiting period is imposed on first-time applicants.


Licences are typically valid for five (5) years and must be renewed prior to expiry to maintain all classes. Once licensed, an individual can apply for a firearm transfer; and an Authorization To Transport (ATT) for restricted firearms.

Classification of firearms

Like licences, firearms are classified into prohibited, restricted and non-restricted categories, as defined by Part III of Criminal Code (R.S., 1985, c. C-46)

Prohibited firearms include:
  • Handguns with a barrel that is 105 millimetres (4.1 in) or less in length
  • Handguns that are designed to discharge .25 or .32 calibre ammunition (unless stated in the Regulations Prescribing Exclusions from Certain Definitions of the Criminal Code International Sporting Competition Handguns)
  • Rifles and shotguns that have been altered by sawing, cutting or any other means, so that their barrel length be less than 457 millimetres (18 in) or their overall length less than 660 millimetres (26 in)
  • Automatic firearms, whether or not they have been altered to discharge only one projectile with one pressure of the trigger
  • Firearms prescribed as prohibited by the Regulations Prescribing Certain Firearms and other Weapons, Components and Parts of Weapons, Accessories, Cartridge Magazines, Ammunition and Projectiles as Prohibited or Restricted (SOR/98-462):
  • Firearm capable of discharging dart or other object carrying electrical current or substance, including Taser
    Taser
    A Taser is an electroshock weapon that uses electrical current to disrupt voluntary control of muscles. Its manufacturer, Taser International, calls the effects "neuromuscular incapacitation" and the devices' mechanism "Electro-Muscular Disruption technology"...

     Public Defender and any variant or modified version of it
  • Firearm known as SSS-1 Stinger and any similar firearm designed or of a size to fit in the palm of the hand
  • Carbines, rifles and shotguns of designs commonly known as, including any variants or modified versions of them:
  • A.A. Arms AR9 semi-auto rifle and AR-9 carbine
  • AK-47
    AK-47
    The AK-47 is a selective-fire, gas-operated 7.62×39mm assault rifle, first developed in the Soviet Union by Mikhail Kalashnikov. It is officially known as Avtomat Kalashnikova . It is also known as a Kalashnikov, an "AK", or in Russian slang, Kalash.Design work on the AK-47 began in the last year...

     rifle and all variants, including AK Hunter, AKM
    AKM
    The AKM is a 7.62mm assault rifle designed by Mikhail Kalashnikov. It is an upgraded version of the AK-47 rifle and was developed in the 1950s....

    , AKM-63, AKS-56S, AKS-56S-1/2, AKS-74
    AK-74
    The AK-74 is an assault rifle developed in the early 1970s in the Soviet Union as the replacement for the earlier AKM...

    , AKS84S-1, AMD-65, AR Model .223, Dragunov, Galil
    IMI Galil
    The Galil is a family of Israeli small arms designed by Yisrael Galil and Yaacov Lior in the late 1960s and produced by Israel Military Industries Ltd of Ramat HaSharon...

    , KKMPi69, M60, M62, M70B1, M70AB2, M76, M77B1, M78, M80, M80A, MAK90, MPiK, MPiKM, MPiKMS-72, MPiKS, PKM
    PK machine gun
    The PK is a 7.62 mm general-purpose machine gun designed in the Soviet Union and currently in production in Russia. The PK machine gun was introduced in the 1960s and replaced the SGM and RPD machine guns in Soviet service...

    , PKM-DGN-60, PMKM, RPK
    RPK
    The RPK is a 7.62x39mm light machine gun of Soviet design, developed by Mikhail Kalashnikov in the late 1950s, parallel with the AKM assault/battle rifle...

    , RPK-74, RPK-87S, Type 56
    Type 56 Assault Rifle
    The Type 56 assault rifle is a Chinese copy of the Kalashnikov AK-47 assault rifle, which has been manufactured since 1956. It was produced by State Factory 66 from 1956-73, then by Norinco from 1973 onwards.-Service history:...

    , 56-1, 56-2, 56-3, 56-4, Type 68
    Type 68
    Type 68 can refer to several national variants of the AK-47 rifle:*Chinese Type 68 rifle*North Korean Type 68 rifle*North Korean Type 68 pistol...

    , Type 79
    Type 79 submachine gun
    The Type 79 but more commonly known is the first generation indigenous submachine gun used by the Chinese military, security, and police forces. The submachine gun was type classified in 1979 and entered mass production in 1983....

    , American Arms AKY39, AKF39, AKC47 and AKF47, MAM70WS762, Mitchell AK-22, AK-47 and Heavy Barrel AK-47, Norinco 84S, 84S AK, 56, 56-1/2/3/4, Poly Technologies Inc. AK-47/S, AKS-47/S and AKS-762, Valmet M76
    Valmet M76
    The RK 62 76, also known as the Valmet M76 is a gas operated assault rifle of Finnish origin, which was also made in semi-automatic version for civilian market. Based on the earlier Rk 62 , it is a modified AK-47. The gun was in production from 1976 to 1986...

    , M76 carbine, M78/A2, M78 LMG, M82
    Valmet M82
    The Valmet M82 is a bullpup assault rifle with a Valmet M76 internal design created by Finnish company Valmet.-History:The M82 was introduced in Finland in 1978 and discontinued production in 1986....

     and M82 Bullpup, except: Valmet Hunter, Hunter Auto and M78
  • American 180 auto-carbine, including AM-180 and Illinois Arms Co. Model 180 auto-carbines
  • Armalite AR-180 Sporter carbine
  • Barrett "Light 50" Model 82A1 & Model 90
    Barrett M90
    The Barrett M90 is a bolt-action, bullpup sniper rifle, chambered in .50 BMG , and designed by Barrett Firearms Company.-Overview:...

     rifles
  • Benelli M1 Super 90 and M3 Super 90
    Benelli M3
    The Benelli M3 is a dual-mode shotgun designed and manufactured by Italian firearms manufacturer Benelli. The M3 holds a maximum of seven rounds and uses the proprietary Benelli semi-automatic system first showcased in the M1. The M3 is notable for allowing the user the choice of semi-automatic...

     shotguns, except: M1 Super 90 (Field/Sporting Special), Montefeltro Super 90 (Standard Hunter/Left Hand/Turkey/Uplander/Slug/20 Gauge), Black Eagle (Limited Ed./Competition/Slug Gun), Super Black Eagle (Custom Slug)
  • Beretta AR70 assault rifle
  • Bernardelli B4 and B4/B shotguns
  • BM 59 rifle, including: Beretta BM 59
    Beretta BM59
    The Beretta BM59 is an Italian-made rifle based on the M1 Garand rifle, but chambered in 7.62x51 mm NATO, and modified to use a detachable magazine. Later revisions incorporated other features common to more modern rifles.-Development:...

    , BM 59R, BM 59GL, BM 59D, BM 59 MkE, BM 59 MkI/MkII/MkIII, BM 59 Mk Ital/Ital TA/TP/Para and BM 60CB, as well as Springfield Armory BM 59 Alpine, BM 59 Alpine Paratrooper and BM 59 Nigerian MkIV
  • Bushmaster auto-rifle
  • Calico M-900 rifle, including M-951, M-100
    Calico M100
    The M100 is a blowback-operated semi-automatic rifle chambered in .22 LR or 9x19mm Parabellum, manufactured by Calico Light Weapons Systems in Hillsboro, Oregon, USA and possessing a unique 100-round helical-fed magazine mounted on top of the weapon...

     and M-105 carbines
  • Cetme Sport auto-rifle
  • Claridge HI-TEC
    Claridge Hi-Tec/Goncz Pistol
    The Claridge Hi-Tec and its antecedent the Goncz High-Tech Long Pistol are semi-automatic pistols designed by the Hungarian inventor/engineer Lajos John Goncz. This unique firearm features a telescopic bolt design encased in a tubular upper receiver with a forged steel frame, button rifled match...

     C, LEC, ZLEC-9 carbines
  • Daewoo K1
    Daewoo K1
    Daewoo Precision Industries K1/K1A assault carbine is the first modern firearm developed by Agency for Defense Development and manufactured by Daewoo Precision Industries, and entered service in Republic of Korea Armed Forces in 1981.-Development:...

    , K1A1, K2, Max1, Max2, AR-100, AR-110C, MAXI-II and KC-20 rifles
  • Demro TAC-1M and XF-7 Wasp carbines
  • Eagle Apache carbine
  • Encom MK-IV, MP-9 and MP-45 carbines
  • FAMAS
    FAMAS
    The FAMAS is a bullpup-styled assault rifle designed and manufactured in France by MAS located in Saint-Étienne, which is now a member of the French government-owned Nexter group...

     rifle, including MAS223, FAMAS Export, FAMAS Civil and Mitchell MAS/22
  • Feather AT-9 semi-auto carbine and AT-22 auto-carbine
  • Federal XC-900, XC-220 rifles and XC-450 auto-rifle
  • Fabrique Nationale FN FNC
    FN FNC
    The FNC is a 5.56mm assault rifle developed by the Belgian arms manufacturer Fabrique Nationale of Herstal and introduced in the late 1970s.-Development:...

    , FNC-11, FNC-22, FNC-33, FNC Auto and FNC Auto Paratrooper rifles, as well as FN FAL
    FN FAL
    The Fusil Automatique Léger or FAL is a self-loading, selective fire battle rifle produced by the Belgian armaments manufacturer Fabrique Nationale de Herstal . During the Cold War it was adopted by many North Atlantic Treaty Organization countries, with the notable exception of the United States...

    , FN 308 Model44, FAL Competition Auto, FAL Heavy Barrel 308 Match, FAL Paratrooper 308 Match 50-64 and FN 308 Model 50-63
  • Franchi SPAS 12, LAW 12 shotguns
  • Franchi SPAS 15 shotgun
  • Galil
    IMI Galil
    The Galil is a family of Israeli small arms designed by Yisrael Galil and Yaacov Lior in the late 1960s and produced by Israel Military Industries Ltd of Ramat HaSharon...

     assault rifle, including AP-84, ARM, AR, SAR, 332 and Mitchell Galil/22 auto-rifle
  • Gepard anti-materiel rifle
    Gepard anti-materiel rifle
    The Gepárd anti-materiel rifles are a family of Hungarian weapons designed to destroy unarmored and lightly armored targets. These long range, large caliber rifles have high accuracy as well as high muzzle velocity. The Gepárds originate from World War I anti-tank rifles developed by the Germans to...

  • Goncz High-Tech carbine
    Claridge Hi-Tec/Goncz Pistol
    The Claridge Hi-Tec and its antecedent the Goncz High-Tech Long Pistol are semi-automatic pistols designed by the Hungarian inventor/engineer Lajos John Goncz. This unique firearm features a telescopic bolt design encased in a tubular upper receiver with a forged steel frame, button rifled match...

  • Grendel R-31 auto-carbine
  • Heckler&Koch G3
    Heckler & Koch G3
    The G3 is a 7.62mm battle rifle developed in the 1950s by the German armament manufacturer Heckler & Koch GmbH in collaboration with the Spanish state-owned design and development agency CETME ....

    , G3A3, G3A3ZF, G3A4, G3SG/1, G11
    Heckler & Koch G11
    The Heckler & Koch G11 is a non-production prototype assault rifle developed during the late 1960s, 1970s and 1980s by Gesellschaft für Hülsenlose Gewehrsysteme , a conglomeration of companies headed by firearm manufacturer Heckler & Koch , Dynamit Nobel The Heckler & Koch G11 is a non-production...

    , HK33, 33A2, 33A3, 33KA1, HK91, 91A2, 91A3, 93, 93A2, 93A3, 94, 94A2, 94A3 and PSG-1 rifles, as well as: MP5, MP5A2, MP5A3, MP5K, MP5SD, MP5SD1, MP5SD2, MP5SD3 submachine guns
  • Iver Johnson AMAC long-range rifle and Plainfield Super Enforcer carbine
  • J&R Eng M-68, PJK M-68 and Wilkinson Terry carbines
  • Kimel Industries AR-9 rifle/carbine
  • Leader Mark Series auto-rifle
  • Maadi Griffin rifle/carbine
  • McMillan M87, M87R rifles and M88 carbine
  • Pauza Specialties P50
    Pauza P-50
    The Pauza P-50 was a semi-automatic rifle developed by Robert Pauza. It was manufactured between 1991 and 1997, and sold by Pauza Specialties of Baytown, TX and later versions were produced by , a company from Texas City, Texas...

     rifle and P50 carbine
  • PE57 rifle
  • Research Armament Industries Model 500 rifle
  • SIG AMT, SG-550
    SIG SG 550
    The SG 550 is an assault rifle manufactured by Swiss Arms AG of Neuhausen, Switzerland...

     rifles and SG-551 carbine
  • Spectre
    Spectre M4
    The Spectre is an Italian submachine gun that was produced by the SITES factory in Turin. It was designed by Roberto Teppa and Claudio Gritti in the mid-1980s. Production in Italy ceased in the year 1997, with the closure of SITES, but proceeded in very small numbers in Switzerland through Greco...

     auto-carbine
  • Springfield Armory SAR-48, SAR-48 Bush/Heavy Barrel/Para/22
  • Steyr AUG
    Steyr AUG
    The AUG is an Austrian bullpup 5.56mm assault rifle, designed in the early 1970s by Steyr Mannlicher GmbH & Co KG . The AUG was adopted by the Austrian Army as the StG 77 in 1977, where it replaced the 7.62mm StG 58 automatic rifle...

     rifle
  • Striker, Striker 12 and Streetsweeper shotguns
  • Thompson submachine gun
    Thompson submachine gun
    The Thompson is an American submachine gun, invented by John T. Thompson in 1919, that became infamous during the Prohibition era. It was a common sight in the media of the time, being used by both law enforcement officers and criminals...

     including: Model 1921, 1927, 1928, M1, Auto-Ordnance M27A-1, M27A-1 Deluxe, M1927A-3/A-5, Commando Arms MkI, MkII, MkIII, Mk9, Mk45
  • Universal Enforcer Model 3000 auto-carbine and Model 3010N, 3015G, 3020TRB and 3025TCO carbines
  • US Arms PMAI assault rifle
  • USAS-12
    USAS-12
    The Daewoo Precision Industries USAS-12 is an automatic shotgun designed as a combat shotgun manufactured in South Korea by Daewoo Precision Industries during the 1980s.- Design :...

     auto-shotgun
  • UZI, Mini-UZI and Model A carbines
  • Weaver Arms Nighthawk carbine
    • Pistols, revolvers and other handguns of designs commonly known as, including any variants or modified versions of them:
  • AA Arms AP-9 auto-pistol and AP-9, Target AP-9 and Mini AP-9 pistols
  • Bushmaster auto-pistol
  • Calico M-950 auto-pistol and M-110 pistol
  • Claridge Hi-Tec Models S, L, T, ZL-9 and ZT-9 pistols
  • Cobray M10, M11, and RPB M10/M11/SM10/SM11 and SWD M10/M11/SM10/SM11 pistols
  • CZ
    Ceská Zbrojovka Uhersky Brod
    Česká zbrojovka a.s. Uherský Brod is a Czech firearms manufacturer.-History:CZUB was established in 1936 as a branch of the Česká zbrojovka armament firm in the small Moravian town of Uherský Brod in Czechoslovakia, now in the Czech Republic....

     Skorpion auto-pistol
  • Encom MK-IV, MP-9 and MP-45 assault pistols, including MP-9, MP-45 mini pistols
  • Federal XP-450, XP-900 auto-pistols
  • Goncz High-Tech long pistol
  • Grendel P-30, P-30M, P-30L and P-31 pistols
  • Heckler&Koch SP89 auto-pistol
  • Ingram M10
    MAC-10
    The MAC-10 is a highly compact, blowback operated machine pistol developed by Gordon B. Ingram in 1964.-Design:The M-10 was built predominantly from steel stampings...

    , M11
    MAC-11
    The Ingram MAC-11 is a machine pistol developed by American gun designer Gordon Ingram at the Military Armament Corporation during the 1970s...

     pistols
  • Interdynamics KG-99 assault pistol
  • Intratec Tec-9, Tec-9S, Tec-9M and Tec-9MS auto-pistols (as well as any semi-automatic variant including Tec-DC9, Tec-DC9M, Tec-9A, Tec-Scorpion, Tec-22T and Tec-22TN)
  • Iver Johnson Enforcer Model 3000 auto-pistol
  • Kimel Industries AP-9 pistol
  • Leader Mark5 auto-pistol
  • Maadi Griffin pistol
  • OA-93
    Olympic Arms OA-93
    The OA-93 is an AR-10 derivative carbine manufactured by Olympic Arms. Unlike most AR-10 derivatives, the OA-93 lacks the rear spring buffer but one installed overhead....

     assault pistol
  • Patriot pistol
  • Partisan Avenger auto-pistol
  • Spectre
    Spectre M4
    The Spectre is an Italian submachine gun that was produced by the SITES factory in Turin. It was designed by Roberto Teppa and Claudio Gritti in the mid-1980s. Production in Italy ceased in the year 1997, with the closure of SITES, but proceeded in very small numbers in Switzerland through Greco...

     auto-pistol
  • Sterling MK6 carbine
  • Steyr SPP
    Steyr TMP
    The Steyr TMP is a select-fire 9x19mm Parabellum caliber machine pistol manufactured by Steyr Mannlicher of Austria. The Magazines come in 15, 20, or 30 round detachable box types. A suppressor can also be fitted...

     auto-pistol
  • Sterling Mk7, Mk7 C4 and Mk7 C8 pistols
  • US Arms PMAIP assault pistol
  • UZI, Micro-UZI pistols
  • XM231S pistol and A1, A2, A3 Flattop pistols


Restricted firearms are:
  • Handguns that are not prohibited
  • Firearms with a barrel shorter than 470 millimetres (18.5 in)
  • Rifles and shotguns that can be fired when their overall length has been reduced by folding, telescoping or other means to less than 660 millimetres (26 in)
  • Firearms prescribed as restricted by the Regulations Prescribing Certain Firearms and other Weapons, Components and Parts of Weapons, Accessories, Cartridge Magazines, Ammunition and Projectiles as Prohibited or Restricted (SOR/98-462), and any variant or modified version of them:
  • High Standard Model 10 Series A & Series B
  • M-16 rifle, including Colt AR-15, AR-15 SPI/Sporter/Collapsible Stock Model/A2/A2 Carbine/A2 Government Model Rifle/A2 Government Model Target Rifle/A2 Government Model Carbine/A2 Sporter II/A2 H-BAR/A2 Delta H-BAR/A2 Delta H-Bar Match/9mm Carbine, Armalite AR-15, AAI M15, AP74, EAC J-15, PWA Commando, SGW XM15A and CAR-AR, SWD AR-15, as well as any .22 calibre rimfire variant of it including Mitchell M16A-1/22, M-16/22, CAR-15/22, AP74 Auto Rifle


Non-restricted firearms are:
  • ordinary rifles and shotguns, other than those referred to above.

History

PALs were introduced in Canada in 1995 as part of Bill C-68 as a replacement for the FAC (Firearms Acquisition Certificate) system. Whereas the FAC was only required to acquire a firearm, a PAL is required to both acquire and possess firearms and to acquire ammunition. A PAL for non-restricted firearms allows its holders to acquire and possess any non-restricted firearm, while a PAL for restricted firearms (which also covers prohibited firearms to those eligible) allows the holder to acquire and possess restricted firearms.

When first implemented, the PAL also allowed the holder to acquire a cross-bow, although no licence was required to possess one. There is no longer a licensing requirement for cross-bows.

Transportation of firearms

The transportation regulations are broken down into two divisions: those for non-restricted firearms and those for restricted or prohibited firearms. These rules are laid out in the Storage, Display, Transportation and Handling of Firearms by Individuals Regulations.
A non restricted firearm may be transported so long as it is unloaded. Such a firearm does not need to be encased or trigger lock
Trigger lock
A trigger lock is a device designed to prevent a firearm from being discharged while the device is in place. Generally, two pieces come together from either side behind the trigger and are locked in place, which can be unlocked with a key or combination. This physically prevents the trigger from...

ed.

A restricted firearm must be disabled by use of a trigger, cable, or other locking device and locked in an opaque case.
An unattended non-restricted firearm left in a vehicle must be locked in the trunk or other compartment, if one is available. In order to transport restricted or prohibited firearms, an individual must obtain an Authorization to Transport
Authorization to Transport
An Authorization to Transport is a permit issued by the Canadian Firearms Program allowing holders of Restricted and Prohibited class firearms to transport them in Canada...

. An ATT is generally approved only for individuals to transport a restricted or prohibited firearm to a shooting range for target practice, gun show for sale, to a gunsmith or gun shop or for a competition (e.g.: IPSC).

An Authorization to Carry
Authorization to Carry
An Authorization to Carry is a permit issued by the government of Canada allowing holders of Restricted and Prohibited class firearms to carry them in Canada...

 (ATC) allows a person to carry a restricted firearm or prohibited handgun concealed (if specified as a condition of carry) and loaded. An ATC for open carry is usually only issued to employees of armoured car companies or for other limited employment reasons. In very rare situations, an ATC may be issued for protection of life, which would allow the holder to have a loaded handgun with them, or at home, without violating safe storage rules that usually require an unloaded firearm to be trigger locked and secured.

See also

  • Canadian Firearms Registry
  • Dominion of Canada Rifle Association
    Dominion of Canada Rifle Association
    The Dominion of Canada Rifle Association ' was founded in 1868 and incorporated by an Act of Parliament 63-64 Victoria Chapter 99, assented to July 7, 1890, to promote and encourage the training of marksmanship throughout Canada.-Mission:...

  • Gun politics in Canada
    Gun politics in Canada
    Gun politics in Canada is largely polarized between two groups with opposing views. One group includes those who object to the registration of personal firearms...


External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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