Peter Oborne
Encyclopedia
Peter Oborne is a British journalist and political commentator. He was educated at Sherborne School
and The University of Cambridge. He is a Daily Mail
and Daily Telegraph columnist, author of The Rise of Political Lying and The Triumph of the Political Class, and, with Frances Weaver, the pamphlet Guilty Men. Oborne is particularly known for acerbic commentary on the hypocrisy
and apparent mendacity of contemporary politicians. Oborne describes himself as a "regular Anglican churchgoer".Oborne's wife, Martine, is curate at St Mary's Church, Islington.
, taking a BA
degree in 1978.
He is the author of a highly critical biography of Tony Blair
's former spin doctor Alastair Campbell
and, in a different vein and contrast, a generous biography of the cricketer Basil D'Oliveira
(for which he won the William Hill Sports Book of the Year
in 2004) whose selection for England to tour South Africa in 1968 caused that country's apartheid regime to cancel the tour. He is also a vocal critic of the Zimbabwean president, Robert Mugabe
and author of a pamphlet, published by the Centre for Policy Studies
about the situation in the country entitled A moral duty to act there.
As a television journalist he began by making three polemical documentaries with filmmaker Paul Yule
- "Mugabe's Secret Famine" (2003), "Afghanistan - Here's One We Invaded Earlier" (2004), and "Not Cricket - The Basil D'Oliveira Conspiracy" (2004). In April 2005 he presented the Channel 4
programme in the Election Unspun series, Why Politicians Can't Tell The Truth, examining how the major political parties
in Britain allegedly pursue an agenda designed to appeal only to a narrow band of floating voters expected to be decisive in the UK General Elections
of 2005. In May 2007 he presented a Dispatches
programme on Channel 4 called Gordon Brown: Fit for Office?
On Monday 20 June 2005 he wrote an article for London's Evening Standard
with the title "Why the US is now our great enemy". In this article he argues how, although he and his generation were brought up to love the US, today they are the greatest threat to world civilisation. Global warming
is the hinge point he describes around which this ally has turned into 'the biggest threat'.
In April 2006, it was announced that Oborne was taking up a new position at the Daily Mail
as a political columnist, while retaining his connection with The Spectator
as a contributing editor. Fraser Nelson
of The Scotsman
replaced Oborne as the Spectator's political editor.
On Monday 7 July 2008, Oborne presented a Dispatches
programme on Channel 4 called It Shouldn't Happen to a Muslim. In this film and the accompanying leaflet Muslims Under Siege co-written with television journalist James Jones, it was argued that the demonisation of Muslims has become widespread in British media and politics. The pamphlet was serialised in the The Independent
and prompted heated debate in the following weeks.
In February 2009, Oborne renewed his attack on MPs for alleged abuses of the 'additional costs allowance' (ACA).
Oborne's extensive contacts on the right of British politics mean he is now generally regarded as one of the foremost conservative
commentators in the country. He is regularly lampooned in the satirical magazine Private Eye
as 'Peter O'Bore'.
In 2009 he also contributed to Charlie Brooker's Newswipe on BBC Four
. Most of a segment, discussing cross-party collusion and corruption, had to be removed due to its potentially libellous nature. Peter Oborne was on the Orwell Prize
's Journalism shortlist for 2009.
Again in collaboration with James Jones, Oborne penned the pamphlet, THE PRO-ISRAEL LOBBY IN BRITAIN, which outlined the influence enjoyed by pro-Israeli lobbyists on media and politics in the United Kingdom. The article asserts that while the lobbying efforts of groups such as Conservative Friends of Israel
(CFI), Labour Friends of Israel
, and the Britain Israel Communications and Research Centre
(BICOM) are not illegal, their funding is untraceable, their operations are not transparent, and media seldom declare the influence of junkets arranged by these pro-Israeli entities on the tenor of their writing. Oborne and Jones conclude that changes are needed "because politics in a democracy should never take place behind closed doors. It should be out in the open and there for all to see." He also presented the Channel 4
Programme Dispatches
Inside Britain's Israel Lobby
In collaboration with Conservative Member of Parliament for Hereford & South Herefordshire Jesse Norman
, Oborne produced the pamphlet Churchill's Legacy - the Conservative case for the Human Rights Act in the summer of 2009. Published by Liberty
, the book shows how 'the Act is not a charter for socialism but contains the most basic rights from 900 years of British history.'
In September 2011, Oborne and Frances Weaver authored the pamphlet 'Guilty Men' for the Centre for Policy Studies
. The report sought to identify the politicians, institutions and commentators who the authors felt had tried to take Britain into the European Single Currency
and claims to expose the "often unscrupulous and vicious personal attacks" carried out by the Euro
supporters. Oborne particularly identifies William Hague
, Iain Duncan Smith
and Lord Owen
as three voices of opposition to early Euro
entry that suffered personal attacks from these sources.
Oborne has been both lambasted and lauded for his particularly frank public comments in the 28 September 2011 edition of the BBC programme Newsnight
. In the debate about the crisis of sovereign debt in the so-called Eurozone
, he referred to Amadeu Altafaj Tardio, speaking from a television studio in Brussels
and spokesman for European Union
economic and monetary affairs commissioner Olli Rehn
, as "that idiot in Brussels" multiple times eventually resulting in Tardio's walking out of the studio. Oborne was 'chided' by Jeremy Paxman
, chief Newsnight anchor, for 'gratuituous rudeness' after he himself, given Oborne's 'pace-setting,' and before Tardio's walk-out, had asked for a response from, 'Mr. Idiot in Brussels.'
. Truth gives way to (mere) credibility
. Commensurate with the evaporation of truth is the condensation of narrative
as a setting for events. This worldview is then put to use in legitimating claims of acting in 'good-faith' or within/according to 'The rules' (said 'rules,' of necessity, formulated, accidentally or otherwise, to admit more than one interpretation) when such actions are confronted by moral challenge.
He cited New Labour as a 'front-wave' with the architects of this 'new reality' such as Peter Mandelson
. (Oborne's 4 March 2009 Keith Joseph
Memorial Lecture at the Center for Policy Studies was built upon this theme).
He has underlined, strongly, the 'capturing' of the 'independent' institutions of mainstream media
(MSM) in the implementation.
Criticism
Sherborne School
Sherborne School is a British independent school for boys, located in the town of Sherborne in north-west Dorset, England. It is one of the original member schools of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference....
and The University of Cambridge. He is a Daily Mail
Daily Mail
The Daily Mail is a British daily middle-market tabloid newspaper owned by the Daily Mail and General Trust. First published in 1896 by Lord Northcliffe, it is the United Kingdom's second biggest-selling daily newspaper after The Sun. Its sister paper The Mail on Sunday was launched in 1982...
and Daily Telegraph columnist, author of The Rise of Political Lying and The Triumph of the Political Class, and, with Frances Weaver, the pamphlet Guilty Men. Oborne is particularly known for acerbic commentary on the hypocrisy
Hypocrisy
Hypocrisy is the state of pretending to have virtues, moral or religious beliefs, principles, etc., that one does not actually have. Hypocrisy involves the deception of others and is thus a kind of lie....
and apparent mendacity of contemporary politicians. Oborne describes himself as a "regular Anglican churchgoer".Oborne's wife, Martine, is curate at St Mary's Church, Islington.
Career
Oborne read history at Christ's College, CambridgeChrist's College, Cambridge
Christ's College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge.With a reputation for high academic standards, Christ's College averaged top place in the Tompkins Table from 1980-2000 . In 2011, Christ's was placed sixth.-College history:...
, taking a BA
Bachelor of Arts
A Bachelor of Arts , from the Latin artium baccalaureus, is a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate course or program in either the liberal arts, the sciences, or both...
degree in 1978.
He is the author of a highly critical biography of Tony Blair
Tony Blair
Anthony Charles Lynton Blair is a former British Labour Party politician who served as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2 May 1997 to 27 June 2007. He was the Member of Parliament for Sedgefield from 1983 to 2007 and Leader of the Labour Party from 1994 to 2007...
's former spin doctor Alastair Campbell
Alastair Campbell
Alastair John Campbell is a British journalist, broadcaster, political aide and author, best known for his work as Director of Communications and Strategy for Prime Minister Tony Blair between 1997 and 2003, having first started working for Blair in 1994...
and, in a different vein and contrast, a generous biography of the cricketer Basil D'Oliveira
Basil D'Oliveira
Basil Lewis D'Oliveira CBE , known affectionately around the world as "Dolly", was a South African-born English cricketer. D'Oliveira was classified as 'coloured' under the apartheid regime, and hence barred from first-class cricket, resulting in his emigration to England...
(for which he won the William Hill Sports Book of the Year
William Hill Sports Book of the Year
The William Hill Sports Book of the Year is an annual British literary award sponsored by bookmakers William Hill. It claims to be "the world's richest sports book prize" at £22,000...
in 2004) whose selection for England to tour South Africa in 1968 caused that country's apartheid regime to cancel the tour. He is also a vocal critic of the Zimbabwean president, Robert Mugabe
Robert Mugabe
Robert Gabriel Mugabe is the President of Zimbabwe. As one of the leaders of the liberation movement against white-minority rule, he was elected into power in 1980...
and author of a pamphlet, published by the Centre for Policy Studies
Centre for Policy Studies
The Centre for Policy Studies is a British right wing policy think tank whose goal is to promote coherent and practical public policy, to roll back the state, reform public services, support communities, and challenge threats to Britain’s independence...
about the situation in the country entitled A moral duty to act there.
As a television journalist he began by making three polemical documentaries with filmmaker Paul Yule
Paul Yule
Paul Harris Yule is a photographer and film maker.Born in South Africa his family emigrated to England when he was 8 years old. After studying at Aldenham School and Oxford University he became an acclaimed photojournalist and documentary film maker, founding Berwick Universal Pictures in London in...
- "Mugabe's Secret Famine" (2003), "Afghanistan - Here's One We Invaded Earlier" (2004), and "Not Cricket - The Basil D'Oliveira Conspiracy" (2004). In April 2005 he presented the Channel 4
Channel 4
Channel 4 is a British public-service television broadcaster which began working on 2 November 1982. Although largely commercially self-funded, it is ultimately publicly owned; originally a subsidiary of the Independent Broadcasting Authority , the station is now owned and operated by the Channel...
programme in the Election Unspun series, Why Politicians Can't Tell The Truth, examining how the major political parties
Political Parties
Political Parties: A Sociological Study of the Oligarchical Tendencies of Modern Democracy is a book by sociologist Robert Michels, published in 1911 , and first introducing the concept of iron law of oligarchy...
in Britain allegedly pursue an agenda designed to appeal only to a narrow band of floating voters expected to be decisive in the UK General Elections
United Kingdom general election, 2005
The United Kingdom general election of 2005 was held on Thursday, 5 May 2005 to elect 646 members to the British House of Commons. The Labour Party under Tony Blair won its third consecutive victory, but with a majority of 66, reduced from 160....
of 2005. In May 2007 he presented a Dispatches
Dispatches (TV series)
Dispatches is the British television current affairs documentary series on Channel 4, first transmitted in 1987. The programme covers issues about British society, politics, health, religion, international current affairs and the environment, usually featuring a mole in an organisation.-Awards:*...
programme on Channel 4 called Gordon Brown: Fit for Office?
On Monday 20 June 2005 he wrote an article for London's Evening Standard
Evening Standard
The Evening Standard, now styled the London Evening Standard, is a free local daily newspaper, published Monday–Friday in tabloid format in London. It is the dominant regional evening paper for London and the surrounding area, with coverage of national and international news and City of London...
with the title "Why the US is now our great enemy". In this article he argues how, although he and his generation were brought up to love the US, today they are the greatest threat to world civilisation. Global warming
Global warming
Global warming refers to the rising average temperature of Earth's atmosphere and oceans and its projected continuation. In the last 100 years, Earth's average surface temperature increased by about with about two thirds of the increase occurring over just the last three decades...
is the hinge point he describes around which this ally has turned into 'the biggest threat'.
In April 2006, it was announced that Oborne was taking up a new position at the Daily Mail
Daily Mail
The Daily Mail is a British daily middle-market tabloid newspaper owned by the Daily Mail and General Trust. First published in 1896 by Lord Northcliffe, it is the United Kingdom's second biggest-selling daily newspaper after The Sun. Its sister paper The Mail on Sunday was launched in 1982...
as a political columnist, while retaining his connection with The Spectator
The Spectator
The Spectator is a weekly British magazine first published on 6 July 1828. It is currently owned by David and Frederick Barclay, who also owns The Daily Telegraph. Its principal subject areas are politics and culture...
as a contributing editor. Fraser Nelson
Fraser Nelson
Fraser Nelson is a British political journalist and editor of The Spectator magazine.-Early life:Educated at Nairn Academy and Dollar Academy, Nelson went on to study History at the University of Glasgow and Journalism at City University, London....
of The Scotsman
The Scotsman
The Scotsman is a British newspaper, published in Edinburgh.As of August 2011 it had an audited circulation of 38,423, down from about 100,000 in the 1980s....
replaced Oborne as the Spectator's political editor.
On Monday 7 July 2008, Oborne presented a Dispatches
Dispatches (TV series)
Dispatches is the British television current affairs documentary series on Channel 4, first transmitted in 1987. The programme covers issues about British society, politics, health, religion, international current affairs and the environment, usually featuring a mole in an organisation.-Awards:*...
programme on Channel 4 called It Shouldn't Happen to a Muslim. In this film and the accompanying leaflet Muslims Under Siege co-written with television journalist James Jones, it was argued that the demonisation of Muslims has become widespread in British media and politics. The pamphlet was serialised in the The Independent
The Independent
The Independent is a British national morning newspaper published in London by Independent Print Limited, owned by Alexander Lebedev since 2010. It is nicknamed the Indy, while the Sunday edition, The Independent on Sunday, is the Sindy. Launched in 1986, it is one of the youngest UK national daily...
and prompted heated debate in the following weeks.
In February 2009, Oborne renewed his attack on MPs for alleged abuses of the 'additional costs allowance' (ACA).
Oborne's extensive contacts on the right of British politics mean he is now generally regarded as one of the foremost conservative
Conservatism
Conservatism is a political and social philosophy that promotes the maintenance of traditional institutions and supports, at the most, minimal and gradual change in society. Some conservatives seek to preserve things as they are, emphasizing stability and continuity, while others oppose modernism...
commentators in the country. He is regularly lampooned in the satirical magazine Private Eye
Private Eye
Private Eye is a fortnightly British satirical and current affairs magazine, edited by Ian Hislop.Since its first publication in 1961, Private Eye has been a prominent critic and lampooner of public figures and entities that it deemed guilty of any of the sins of incompetence, inefficiency,...
as 'Peter O'Bore'.
In 2009 he also contributed to Charlie Brooker's Newswipe on BBC Four
BBC Four
BBC Four is a British television network operated by the British Broadcasting Corporation and available to digital television viewers on Freeview, IPTV, satellite and cable....
. Most of a segment, discussing cross-party collusion and corruption, had to be removed due to its potentially libellous nature. Peter Oborne was on the Orwell Prize
Orwell Prize
The Orwell Prize used to be regarded as the pre-eminent British prize for political writing.Three prizes are awarded each year: one for a book, one for journalism and another for blogging...
's Journalism shortlist for 2009.
Again in collaboration with James Jones, Oborne penned the pamphlet, THE PRO-ISRAEL LOBBY IN BRITAIN, which outlined the influence enjoyed by pro-Israeli lobbyists on media and politics in the United Kingdom. The article asserts that while the lobbying efforts of groups such as Conservative Friends of Israel
Conservative Friends of Israel
Conservative Friends of Israel, abbreviated to CFI, is a British parliamentary group affiliated to the Conservative Party and dedicated to strengthening business, cultural and political ties between the United Kingdom and Israel. CFI is an unincorporated associationIt was founded by the late...
(CFI), Labour Friends of Israel
Labour Friends of Israel
Labour Friends of Israel is a lobby group promoting support within the British Labour Party for a strong bilateral relationship between Britain and Israel. It also seeks to strengthen ties between the British and the Israeli Labour party...
, and the Britain Israel Communications and Research Centre
Britain Israel Communications and Research Centre
The Britain Israel Communications and Research Centre is a United Kingdom based organisation which claims to act to create a more supportive environment for Israel in the UK...
(BICOM) are not illegal, their funding is untraceable, their operations are not transparent, and media seldom declare the influence of junkets arranged by these pro-Israeli entities on the tenor of their writing. Oborne and Jones conclude that changes are needed "because politics in a democracy should never take place behind closed doors. It should be out in the open and there for all to see." He also presented the Channel 4
Channel 4
Channel 4 is a British public-service television broadcaster which began working on 2 November 1982. Although largely commercially self-funded, it is ultimately publicly owned; originally a subsidiary of the Independent Broadcasting Authority , the station is now owned and operated by the Channel...
Programme Dispatches
Dispatches (TV series)
Dispatches is the British television current affairs documentary series on Channel 4, first transmitted in 1987. The programme covers issues about British society, politics, health, religion, international current affairs and the environment, usually featuring a mole in an organisation.-Awards:*...
Inside Britain's Israel Lobby
In collaboration with Conservative Member of Parliament for Hereford & South Herefordshire Jesse Norman
Jesse Norman
Alexander Jesse Norman a British Conservative politician who is the Member of Parliament for Hereford and South Herefordshire. He was selected at an open primary in December 2006. He was a director at Barclays before leaving the City in 1997 to research and teach at University College...
, Oborne produced the pamphlet Churchill's Legacy - the Conservative case for the Human Rights Act in the summer of 2009. Published by Liberty
Liberty (pressure group)
Liberty is a pressure group based in the United Kingdom. Its formal name is the National Council for Civil Liberties . Founded in 1934 by Ronald Kidd and Sylvia Crowther-Smith , the group campaigns to protect civil liberties and promote human rights...
, the book shows how 'the Act is not a charter for socialism but contains the most basic rights from 900 years of British history.'
In September 2011, Oborne and Frances Weaver authored the pamphlet 'Guilty Men' for the Centre for Policy Studies
Centre for Policy Studies
The Centre for Policy Studies is a British right wing policy think tank whose goal is to promote coherent and practical public policy, to roll back the state, reform public services, support communities, and challenge threats to Britain’s independence...
. The report sought to identify the politicians, institutions and commentators who the authors felt had tried to take Britain into the European Single Currency
Euro
The euro is the official currency of the eurozone: 17 of the 27 member states of the European Union. It is also the currency used by the Institutions of the European Union. The eurozone consists of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,...
and claims to expose the "often unscrupulous and vicious personal attacks" carried out by the Euro
Euro
The euro is the official currency of the eurozone: 17 of the 27 member states of the European Union. It is also the currency used by the Institutions of the European Union. The eurozone consists of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,...
supporters. Oborne particularly identifies William Hague
William Hague
William Jefferson Hague is the British Foreign Secretary and First Secretary of State. He served as Leader of the Conservative Party from June 1997 to September 2001...
, Iain Duncan Smith
Iain Duncan Smith
George Iain Duncan Smith is a British Conservative politician. He is currently the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions and was previously leader of the Conservative Party from September 2001 to October 2003...
and Lord Owen
David Owen
David Anthony Llewellyn Owen, Baron Owen CH PC FRCP is a British politician.Owen served as British Foreign Secretary from 1977 to 1979, the youngest person in over forty years to hold the post; he co-authored the failed Vance-Owen and Owen-Stoltenberg peace plans offered during the Bosnian War...
as three voices of opposition to early Euro
Euro
The euro is the official currency of the eurozone: 17 of the 27 member states of the European Union. It is also the currency used by the Institutions of the European Union. The eurozone consists of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,...
entry that suffered personal attacks from these sources.
Oborne has been both lambasted and lauded for his particularly frank public comments in the 28 September 2011 edition of the BBC programme Newsnight
Newsnight
Newsnight is a BBC Television current affairs programme noted for its in-depth analysis and often robust cross-examination of senior politicians. Jeremy Paxman has been its main presenter for over two decades....
. In the debate about the crisis of sovereign debt in the so-called Eurozone
Eurozone
The eurozone , officially called the euro area, is an economic and monetary union of seventeen European Union member states that have adopted the euro as their common currency and sole legal tender...
, he referred to Amadeu Altafaj Tardio, speaking from a television studio in Brussels
Brussels
Brussels , officially the Brussels Region or Brussels-Capital Region , is the capital of Belgium and the de facto capital of the European Union...
and spokesman for European Union
European Union
The European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community , formed by six countries in 1958...
economic and monetary affairs commissioner Olli Rehn
Olli Rehn
Olli Ilmari Rehn is a Finnish politician, currently serving as European Commissioner for Economic and Financial Affairs. He had previously served as Commissioner for Enlargement...
, as "that idiot in Brussels" multiple times eventually resulting in Tardio's walking out of the studio. Oborne was 'chided' by Jeremy Paxman
Jeremy Paxman
Jeremy Dickson Paxman is a British journalist, author and television presenter. He has worked for the BBC since 1977. He is noted for a forthright and abrasive interviewing style, particularly when interrogating politicians...
, chief Newsnight anchor, for 'gratuituous rudeness' after he himself, given Oborne's 'pace-setting,' and before Tardio's walk-out, had asked for a response from, 'Mr. Idiot in Brussels.'
Postmodernism
Oborne has argued that much of late 20th/early 21st century disenchantment with politics is due to a postmodern design of political agendas and programmes with subsequent implementation that denies the existence of an 'independent reality'. That is, that there is something that is called truthTruth
Truth has a variety of meanings, such as the state of being in accord with fact or reality. It can also mean having fidelity to an original or to a standard or ideal. In a common usage, it also means constancy or sincerity in action or character...
. Truth gives way to (mere) credibility
Credibility
Credibility refers to the objective and subjective components of the believability of a source or message.Traditionally, modern, credibility has two key components: trustworthiness and expertise, which both have objective and subjective components. Trustworthiness is based more on subjective...
. Commensurate with the evaporation of truth is the condensation of narrative
Narrative
A narrative is a constructive format that describes a sequence of non-fictional or fictional events. The word derives from the Latin verb narrare, "to recount", and is related to the adjective gnarus, "knowing" or "skilled"...
as a setting for events. This worldview is then put to use in legitimating claims of acting in 'good-faith' or within/according to 'The rules' (said 'rules,' of necessity, formulated, accidentally or otherwise, to admit more than one interpretation) when such actions are confronted by moral challenge.
He cited New Labour as a 'front-wave' with the architects of this 'new reality' such as Peter Mandelson
Peter Mandelson
Peter Benjamin Mandelson, Baron Mandelson, PC is a British Labour Party politician, who was the Member of Parliament for Hartlepool from 1992 to 2004, served in a number of Cabinet positions under both Tony Blair and Gordon Brown, and was a European Commissioner...
. (Oborne's 4 March 2009 Keith Joseph
Keith Joseph
Keith St John Joseph, Baron Joseph, Bt, CH, PC , was a British barrister and politician. A member of the Conservative Party, he served in the Cabinet under three Prime Ministers , and is widely regarded to have been the "power behind the throne" in the creation of what came to be known as...
Memorial Lecture at the Center for Policy Studies was built upon this theme).
He has underlined, strongly, the 'capturing' of the 'independent' institutions of mainstream media
Mainstream media
Mainstream media are those media disseminated via the largest distribution channels, which therefore represent what the majority of media consumers are likely to encounter...
(MSM) in the implementation.
Works
- Alastair Campbell: New Labour and the Rise of the Media Class. Aurum, 1999. ISBN 978-1854106476
- A moral duty to act there. Centre for Policy Studies, 2003. ISBN 978-1903219515
- The Rise of Political Lying. Free Press, 2005. ISBN 978-0743275606
- Basil D'Oliviera: Cricket and Conspiracy : the Untold Story. Time Warner, 2005. ISBN 978-0751534887
- The Triumph of the Political Class. Simon and Schuster, 2007. ISBN 978-0743295277
External links
- Oborne's Daily Telegraph column
Criticism
- Charlie WhelanCharlie WhelanCharles Alexander James Whelan is former political director of the British trade union Unite. He rose to prominence as spokesman for Labour politician Gordon Brown from 1992 to 1999.-Early life and career:...
. Poison Pen New StatesmanNew StatesmanNew Statesman is a British centre-left political and cultural magazine published weekly in London. Founded in 1913, and connected with leading members of the Fabian Society, the magazine reached a circulation peak in the late 1960s....
. October 1999 - Shepherd, R. Another Vast Jewish Conspiracy http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704204304574543671980025770.html Wall Street Journal November 2009