Periclimenes dardanicola
Encyclopedia
Periclimenes dardanicola is a species of shrimp
found in the western Pacific Ocean
. It lives in association with sea anemone
s that live on the gastropod shell
s carried by hermit crab
s. It was first named by Alexander J. Bruce and Junji Okuno in 2006. It is mainly white, and grows up to a carapace length of 4 mm (0.15748031496063 in).
length of 2–4 mm (0.078740157480315–0.15748031496063 ), and can be distinguished from related species, including the similar Periclimenes parvus by the form of the carapace, and by the relative lengths of the parts of the first pereiopod. The animal is chiefly white, with red along the edges of the carapace and the abdominal
somite
s. The legs are transparent yellow, with red bands.
.jpg)
P. dardanicola is associated with the sea anemone
Calliactis
, which is carried by hermit crab
s of the genus Dardanus
, including Dardanus arrosor, D. crassimanus, D. lagopodes and D. pedunculatus
. This is one of the few examples of ecological associations between two species of decapod crustaceans
.
, namely Suruga Bay
(Japan
), Vietnam
, and Borneo
(Indonesia
).
books from 1986 onwards. Its members were formerly considered part of Periclimenes parvus, which is now considered to only occur at its type locality, off the island of New Britain
, Papua New Guinea
.
The specific epithet dardanicola refers to the species' association with members of the genus Dardanus, with "dardani-" referring to the genus, and "cola" being the Latin word for "dweller".
Shrimp
Shrimp are swimming, decapod crustaceans classified in the infraorder Caridea, found widely around the world in both fresh and salt water. Adult shrimp are filter feeding benthic animals living close to the bottom. They can live in schools and can swim rapidly backwards. Shrimp are an important...
found in the western Pacific Ocean
Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth's oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic in the north to the Southern Ocean in the south, bounded by Asia and Australia in the west, and the Americas in the east.At 165.2 million square kilometres in area, this largest division of the World...
. It lives in association with sea anemone
Sea anemone
Sea anemones are a group of water-dwelling, predatory animals of the order Actiniaria; they are named after the anemone, a terrestrial flower. Sea anemones are classified in the phylum Cnidaria, class Anthozoa, subclass Zoantharia. Anthozoa often have large polyps that allow for digestion of larger...
s that live on the gastropod shell
Gastropod shell
The gastropod shell is a shell which is part of the body of a gastropod or snail, one kind of mollusc. The gastropod shell is an external skeleton or exoskeleton, which serves not only for muscle attachment, but also for protection from predators and from mechanical damage...
s carried by hermit crab
Hermit crab
Hermit crabs are decapod crustaceans of the superfamily Paguroidea. Most of the 1100 species possess an asymmetrical abdomen which is concealed in an empty gastropod shell that is carried around by the hermit crab.-Description:...
s. It was first named by Alexander J. Bruce and Junji Okuno in 2006. It is mainly white, and grows up to a carapace length of 4 mm (0.15748031496063 in).
Description
P. dardanicola grows to a carapaceCarapace
A carapace is a dorsal section of the exoskeleton or shell in a number of animal groups, including arthropods such as crustaceans and arachnids, as well as vertebrates such as turtles and tortoises. In turtles and tortoises, the underside is called the plastron.-Crustaceans:In crustaceans, the...
length of 2–4 mm (0.078740157480315–0.15748031496063 ), and can be distinguished from related species, including the similar Periclimenes parvus by the form of the carapace, and by the relative lengths of the parts of the first pereiopod. The animal is chiefly white, with red along the edges of the carapace and the abdominal
Abdomen
In vertebrates such as mammals the abdomen constitutes the part of the body between the thorax and pelvis. The region enclosed by the abdomen is termed the abdominal cavity...
somite
Somite
A somite is a division of the body of an animal. In vertebrates this is mainly discernible in the embryo stage; in arthropods it is a characteristic of a hypothetical ancestor.- In vertebrates :...
s. The legs are transparent yellow, with red bands.
Ecology
Sea anemone
Sea anemones are a group of water-dwelling, predatory animals of the order Actiniaria; they are named after the anemone, a terrestrial flower. Sea anemones are classified in the phylum Cnidaria, class Anthozoa, subclass Zoantharia. Anthozoa often have large polyps that allow for digestion of larger...
Calliactis
Calliactis
Calliactis is a genus of sea anemones. Species in this genus are mutually symbiotic with hermit crabs. The anemone gets a place to live and discarded scraps of the crab's food in exchange for its help in defending the crab.-Species:...
, which is carried by hermit crab
Hermit crab
Hermit crabs are decapod crustaceans of the superfamily Paguroidea. Most of the 1100 species possess an asymmetrical abdomen which is concealed in an empty gastropod shell that is carried around by the hermit crab.-Description:...
s of the genus Dardanus
Dardanus (genus)
Dardanus is a genus of hermit crabs belonging to the Diogenidae family, containing the following species:*Dardanus arrosor *Dardanus aspersus *Dardanus australis Forest & Morgan, 1991...
, including Dardanus arrosor, D. crassimanus, D. lagopodes and D. pedunculatus
Dardanus pedunculatus
Dardanus pedunculatus, the anemone hermit crab, is a species of hermit crab from the Indo-Pacific region. It lives at depths of up to 27 m and collects sea anemones to place on its shell for defence.-Distribution:...
. This is one of the few examples of ecological associations between two species of decapod crustaceans
Decapoda
The decapods or Decapoda are an order of crustaceans within the class Malacostraca, including many familiar groups, such as crayfish, crabs, lobsters, prawns and shrimp. Most decapods are scavengers. It is estimated that the order contains nearly 15,000 species in around 2,700 genera, with...
.
Distribution
Specimens of Periclimenes dardanicola have been collected from various locations in the western Pacific OceanPacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth's oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic in the north to the Southern Ocean in the south, bounded by Asia and Australia in the west, and the Americas in the east.At 165.2 million square kilometres in area, this largest division of the World...
, namely Suruga Bay
Suruga Bay
Suruga Bay is a bay on the Pacific coast of Honshū in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. It is situated north of an imaginary line joining Omaezaki Point and Irōzaki Point at the tip of the Izu Peninsula and surrounded by Honshū to the southwest and west and the Izu Peninsula to the east.-Geology:Suruga...
(Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
), Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam – sometimes spelled Viet Nam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam – is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea –...
, and Borneo
Borneo
Borneo is the third largest island in the world and is located north of Java Island, Indonesia, at the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia....
(Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...
).
Taxonomic history
Although only formally described in 2006, this species has been recognised as distinct since 1993, and has been featured in illustrated popular sciencePopular science
Popular science, sometimes called literature of science, is interpretation of science intended for a general audience. While science journalism focuses on recent scientific developments, popular science is broad-ranging, often written by scientists as well as journalists, and is presented in many...
books from 1986 onwards. Its members were formerly considered part of Periclimenes parvus, which is now considered to only occur at its type locality, off the island of New Britain
New Britain
New Britain, or Niu Briten, is the largest island in the Bismarck Archipelago of Papua New Guinea. It is separated from the island of New Guinea by the Dampier and Vitiaz Straits and from New Ireland by St. George's Channel...
, Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea , officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is a country in Oceania, occupying the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and numerous offshore islands...
.
The specific epithet dardanicola refers to the species' association with members of the genus Dardanus, with "dardani-" referring to the genus, and "cola" being the Latin word for "dweller".
External links
- Periclimenes dardanicola at World Register of Marine SpeciesWorld Register of Marine SpeciesThe World Register of Marine Species is a database that hopes to provide an authoritative and comprehensive list of names of marine organisms. The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scientific specialists on each group of organism. These taxonomists control the quality of the...
database