Papyrus 13
Encyclopedia
Papyrus 13, designated by siglum in the Gregory-Aland numbering, is a fragmented manuscript
of the New Testament
in Greek
. It was copied on papyrus
in the 3rd century at approximately 225-250 CE.
and Arthur Hunt in Oxyrhynchus, Egypt
. It is currently housed at the British Library
(Inv. Nr. 1532) and Laurentian Library
(PSI 1292).
The surviving text is twelve columns, of 23 to 27 lines each, from a scroll
. This is all from the Epistle to the Hebrews
, namely 2:14-5:5; 10:8-22; 10:29-11:13; 11:28-12:17. Its presence of pagination
47-50 means that Hebrews was preceded by only one book in the original scroll, likely the Epistle to the Romans
as in . It is the largest papyrus manuscript of the New Testament outside the Chester Beatty Papyri
.
It was written on the back of a papyrus containing the Epitome of Livy
and some scholars think the manuscript was possibly brought to Egypt by a Roman official and left behind when he left his post.
It has errors of itacism
(ι and ει, ε and αι, υ and οι).
. Aland
placed it in Category I.
It bears strong textual affinity with Codex Vaticanus
, and also has an 80% agreement with . It has numerous distinctive readings.
is written recto-verso, with the verso (back) containing Hebrews and the recto (front) containing part of Livy
's History of Rome
, dated to around 200 AD
.
Biblical manuscript
A biblical manuscript is any handwritten copy of a portion of the text of the Bible. The word Bible comes from the Greek biblia ; manuscript comes from Latin manu and scriptum...
of the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
in Greek
Greek language
Greek is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages. Native to the southern Balkans, it has the longest documented history of any Indo-European language, spanning 34 centuries of written records. Its writing system has been the Greek alphabet for the majority of its history;...
. It was copied on papyrus
Papyrus
Papyrus is a thick paper-like material produced from the pith of the papyrus plant, Cyperus papyrus, a wetland sedge that was once abundant in the Nile Delta of Egypt....
in the 3rd century at approximately 225-250 CE.
Description
was discovered by Bernard GrenfellBernard Pyne Grenfell
Bernard Pyne Grenfell was an English scientist and Egyptologist and a member of The Queen's College, Oxford.With his friend and colleague, Arthur Surridge Hunt, he took part in the archaeological dig of Oxyrhynchus and discovered many ancient manuscripts known as the Oxyrhynchus Papyri, including...
and Arthur Hunt in Oxyrhynchus, Egypt
Oxyrhynchus
Oxyrhynchus is a city in Upper Egypt, located about 160 km south-southwest of Cairo, in the governorate of Al Minya. It is also an archaeological site, considered one of the most important ever discovered...
. It is currently housed at the British Library
British Library
The British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom, and is the world's largest library in terms of total number of items. The library is a major research library, holding over 150 million items from every country in the world, in virtually all known languages and in many formats,...
(Inv. Nr. 1532) and Laurentian Library
Laurentian Library
The Laurentian Library is a historical library in Florence, Italy, containing a repository of more than 11,000 manuscripts and 4,500 early printed books...
(PSI 1292).
The surviving text is twelve columns, of 23 to 27 lines each, from a scroll
Scroll
A scroll is a roll of parchment, papyrus, or paper, which has been drawn or written upon.Scroll may also refer to:*Scroll , the decoratively curved end of the pegbox of string instruments such as violins...
. This is all from the Epistle to the Hebrews
Epistle to the Hebrews
The Epistle to the Hebrews is one of the books in the New Testament. Its author is not known.The primary purpose of the Letter to the Hebrews is to exhort Christians to persevere in the face of persecution. The central thought of the entire Epistle is the doctrine of the Person of Christ and his...
, namely 2:14-5:5; 10:8-22; 10:29-11:13; 11:28-12:17. Its presence of pagination
Pagination
Pagination is the process of dividing information into discrete pages, either electronic pages or printed pages. Today the latter are usually simply instances of the former that have been outputted to a printing device, such as a desktop printer or a modern printing press...
47-50 means that Hebrews was preceded by only one book in the original scroll, likely the Epistle to the Romans
Epistle to the Romans
The Epistle of Paul to the Romans, often shortened to Romans, is the sixth book in the New Testament. Biblical scholars agree that it was composed by the Apostle Paul to explain that Salvation is offered through the Gospel of Jesus Christ...
as in . It is the largest papyrus manuscript of the New Testament outside the Chester Beatty Papyri
Chester Beatty Papyri
The Chester Beatty Biblical Papyri or simply the Chester Beatty Papyri are a group of early papyrus manuscripts of biblical texts. The manuscripts are in Greek and are of Christian origin. There are eleven manuscripts in the group, seven consisting of portions of Old Testament books, three...
.
It was written on the back of a papyrus containing the Epitome of Livy
Ab Urbe condita (book)
Ab urbe condita libri — often shortened to Ab urbe condita — is a monumental history of ancient Rome written in Latin sometime between 27 and 25 BC by the historian Titus Livius. The work covers the time from the stories of Aeneas, the earliest legendary period from before the city's founding in c....
and some scholars think the manuscript was possibly brought to Egypt by a Roman official and left behind when he left his post.
It has errors of itacism
Iotacism
Iotacism is the process by which a number of vowels and diphthongs in Ancient Greek converged in pronunciation so that they all sound like iota in Modern Greek....
(ι and ει, ε and αι, υ and οι).
Text
is a representative of the Alexandrian text-typeAlexandrian text-type
The Alexandrian text-type , associated with Alexandria, is one of several text-types used in New Testament textual criticism to describe and group the textual character of biblical manuscripts...
. Aland
Kurt Aland
Kurt Aland was a German Theologian and Professor of New Testament Research and Church History. He founded the Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung in Münster and served as its first director for many years...
placed it in Category I.
It bears strong textual affinity with Codex Vaticanus
Codex Vaticanus
The Codex Vaticanus , is one of the oldest extant manuscripts of the Greek Bible , one of the four great uncial codices. The Codex is named for the residence in the Vatican Library, where it has been stored since at least the 15th century...
, and also has an 80% agreement with . It has numerous distinctive readings.
is written recto-verso, with the verso (back) containing Hebrews and the recto (front) containing part of Livy
Livy
Titus Livius — known as Livy in English — was a Roman historian who wrote a monumental history of Rome and the Roman people. Ab Urbe Condita Libri, "Chapters from the Foundation of the City," covering the period from the earliest legends of Rome well before the traditional foundation in 753 BC...
's History of Rome
Ab Urbe condita (book)
Ab urbe condita libri — often shortened to Ab urbe condita — is a monumental history of ancient Rome written in Latin sometime between 27 and 25 BC by the historian Titus Livius. The work covers the time from the stories of Aeneas, the earliest legendary period from before the city's founding in c....
, dated to around 200 AD
200
Year 200 was a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Severus and Victorinus...
.
See also
- List of New Testament papyri
- Oxyrhynchus papyriOxyrhynchus PapyriThe Oxyrhynchus Papyri are a very numerous group of manuscripts discovered by archaeologists including Bernard Pyne Grenfell and Arthur Surridge Hunt at an ancient rubbish dump near Oxyrhynchus in Egypt . The manuscripts date from the 1st to the 6th century AD. They include thousands of Greek and...
- Papyrus 1
- Papyrus 115Papyrus 115Papyrus 115 is a fragmented manuscript of the New Testament written in Greek on papyrus. It consists of 12 fragments of a codex containing parts of the Book of Revelation. It dates to the 3rd century, ca. 225-275 AD...
Further reading
- Vittorio Bartoletti and M. Norsi, Papiri greci e latini della Società Italiana, vol. 12 (1951), p. 209-210 (PSI 1292).
External links
- Aland, K and Aland, B (1995), The Text of the New Testament, p. 97, Trans. Rhodes, EF, Pub. Wm. B. Eerdmans. ISBN 0802840981
- Robert B. Waltz. 'NT Manuscripts: Papyri, Papyri .' Image of P13