Office Assistant
Encyclopedia
Microsoft Office
Microsoft Office is a non-free commercial office suite of inter-related desktop applications, servers and services for the Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X operating systems, introduced by Microsoft in August 1, 1989. Initially a marketing term for a bundled set of applications, the first version of...
feature to assist users by way of an interactive animated character, which interface
User interface
The user interface, in the industrial design field of human–machine interaction, is the space where interaction between humans and machines occurs. The goal of interaction between a human and a machine at the user interface is effective operation and control of the machine, and feedback from the...
d with the Office help content. It used technology initially from Microsoft Bob
Microsoft Bob
Microsoft Bob was a Microsoft software product, released in March 1995, which provided a new, nontechnical interface to desktop computing operations. It was one of Microsoft's more visible product failures...
and later Microsoft Agent
Microsoft Agent
Microsoft Agent is a technology developed by Microsoft which employs animated characters, text-to-speech engines, and speech recognition software to enhance interaction with computer users. Thus it is an example of an embodied agent. It comes preinstalled as part of Microsoft Windows 2000 through...
, offering advice based on Bayesian
Bayesian probability
Bayesian probability is one of the different interpretations of the concept of probability and belongs to the category of evidential probabilities. The Bayesian interpretation of probability can be seen as an extension of logic that enables reasoning with propositions, whose truth or falsity is...
algorithms. In Microsoft Office for Windows
Microsoft Office
Microsoft Office is a non-free commercial office suite of inter-related desktop applications, servers and services for the Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X operating systems, introduced by Microsoft in August 1, 1989. Initially a marketing term for a bundled set of applications, the first version of...
, it was included in versions 97 to 2003 and in Microsoft Publisher
Microsoft Publisher
Microsoft Publisher is a desktop publishing application from Microsoft. It is an entry-level application, differing from Microsoft Word in that the emphasis is placed on page layout and design rather than text composition and proofing...
, it was included in versions 98 to 2003. In Microsoft Office for Mac
Microsoft Office
Microsoft Office is a non-free commercial office suite of inter-related desktop applications, servers and services for the Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X operating systems, introduced by Microsoft in August 1, 1989. Initially a marketing term for a bundled set of applications, the first version of...
, it was included in versions 98 to 2004. The default assistant in the English Windows version was named Clippit, nicknamed Clippy, after a paperclip
Paperclip
A paper clip is an instrument used to fasten sheets of paper together usually made of steel wire bent to a looped shape.-Shape and composition:...
. The character was designed by Kevan J. Atteberry. Usually Clippy taps the screen on first appearing.
The feature drew a strongly negative response from many users. Microsoft turned off the feature by default in Office XP
Microsoft Office XP
Microsoft Office XP is a productivity suite written and distributed by Microsoft for their Windows operating system. Released on March 5, 2001, it is the successor to Office 2000 and the predecessor to Office 2003, and was known as Office 10 in the early stages of its development cycle...
, acknowledging its unpopularity in an ad campaign spoofing Clippit. The feature was removed altogether in Office 2007
Microsoft Office 2007
Microsoft Office 2007 is a Windows version of the Microsoft Office System, Microsoft's productivity suite. Formerly known as Office 12 in the initial stages of its beta cycle, it was released to volume license customers on November 30, 2006 and made available to retail customers on January 30, 2007...
and Microsoft Office 2008 for Mac
Microsoft Office 2008 for Mac
Microsoft Office 2008 for Mac is a version of the Microsoft Office productivity suite for Mac OS X. It supersedes Office 2004 for Mac and is the Mac OS X equivalent of Office 2007. Office 2008 was developed by Microsoft's Macintosh Business Unit and released on January 15, 2008...
, as it drew criticism from customers and even Microsoft employees.
Overview
Office Assistant was codenamed TFC during development, and was enabled by default in early Microsoft Office versions. It popped up when the program determined the user could be assisted with using Office wizards, searching help, or advising users on using Office features more effectively. It presented tips and keyboard shortcuts. For example, typing an address followed by "Dear" would cause Clippit to pop up and say, "It looks like you're writing a letter. Would you like help?"Other Office assistants were available, such as The Dot (a shape-shifting and colour-shifting smiley
Smiley
A smiley, smiley face, or happy face, is a stylized representation of a smiling human face, commonly occurring in popular culture. It is commonly represented as a yellow circle with two black dots representing eyes and a black arc representing the mouth...
-faced red ball), Hoverbot (a robot
Robot
A robot is a mechanical or virtual intelligent agent that can perform tasks automatically or with guidance, typically by remote control. In practice a robot is usually an electro-mechanical machine that is guided by computer and electronic programming. Robots can be autonomous, semi-autonomous or...
), The Genius (a caricature
Caricature
A caricature is a portrait that exaggerates or distorts the essence of a person or thing to create an easily identifiable visual likeness. In literature, a caricature is a description of a person using exaggeration of some characteristics and oversimplification of others.Caricatures can be...
of Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein was a German-born theoretical physicist who developed the theory of general relativity, effecting a revolution in physics. For this achievement, Einstein is often regarded as the father of modern physics and one of the most prolific intellects in human history...
), Office Logo (a jigsaw puzzle
Jigsaw puzzle
A jigsaw puzzle is a tiling puzzle that requires the assembly of numerous small, often oddly shaped, interlocking and tessellating pieces.Each piece usually has a small part of a picture on it; when complete, a jigsaw puzzle produces a complete picture...
), Mother Nature (a globe
Globe
A globe is a three-dimensional scale model of Earth or other spheroid celestial body such as a planet, star, or moon...
), Scribble (an origami
Origami
is the traditional Japanese art of paper folding, which started in the 17th century AD at the latest and was popularized outside Japan in the mid-1900s. It has since then evolved into a modern art form...
-esque cat
Cat
The cat , also known as the domestic cat or housecat to distinguish it from other felids and felines, is a small, usually furry, domesticated, carnivorous mammal that is valued by humans for its companionship and for its ability to hunt vermin and household pests...
), Power Pup (a superhero
Superhero
A superhero is a type of stock character, possessing "extraordinary or superhuman powers", dedicated to protecting the public. Since the debut of the prototypical superhero Superman in 1938, stories of superheroes — ranging from brief episodic adventures to continuing years-long sagas —...
dog
Dog
The domestic dog is a domesticated form of the gray wolf, a member of the Canidae family of the order Carnivora. The term is used for both feral and pet varieties. The dog may have been the first animal to be domesticated, and has been the most widely kept working, hunting, and companion animal in...
) and Will (a caricature of William Shakespeare
William Shakespeare
William Shakespeare was an English poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon"...
). In later versions of Microsoft Office for Windows, the Hoverbot, Scribble and Power Pup assistants were replaced by F1, Links and Rocky (a robot, a cat and a dog respectively). The cat, Links, meowed and purred when a woman's hand scratched its head. It would groom itself, curl up and sleep, or roll over on its side. In many cases the Office installation CD
Compact Disc
The Compact Disc is an optical disc used to store digital data. It was originally developed to store and playback sound recordings exclusively, but later expanded to encompass data storage , write-once audio and data storage , rewritable media , Video Compact Discs , Super Video Compact Discs ,...
was necessary to activate a different Office assistant character, so the default character, Clippit, remains widely known. An assistant named Max, in the shape of a 1986 Macintosh Plus
Macintosh Plus
The Macintosh Plus computer was the third model in the Macintosh line, introduced on January 16, 1986, two years after the original Macintosh and a little more than a year after the Macintosh 512K, with a price tag of US$2599...
, served as the default on Mac versions of Office.
The Microsoft Office XP Multilingual Pack had two more assistants, (an animated secretary) and a version of for Asian language users in non-Asian Office versions. Native language versions provided additional representations such as Kairu the dolphin, in Japanese. Clippit inspired parody software such as Vigor
Vigor
Vigor is a clone of vi for UNIX that adds, as a joke, a cruel parody of Clippit, the Microsoft Office assistant. The name is a portmanteau of vi and Igor, Dr. Frankenstein's assistant. Vigor was written by Joel Ray "Piquan" Holveck in Sunnyvale, California, and the logo for Vigor was created by...
, a version of the vi
Vi
vi is a screen-oriented text editor originally created for the Unix operating system. The portable subset of the behavior of vi and programs based on it, and the ex editor language supported within these programs, is described by the Single Unix Specification and POSIX.The original code for vi...
text editor with a paperclip.
Additional assistants
Since their introduction, more assistants have been released.- Bosgrove (a butlerButlerA butler is a domestic worker in a large household. In great houses, the household is sometimes divided into departments with the butler in charge of the dining room, wine cellar, and pantry. Some also have charge of the entire parlour floor, and housekeepers caring for the entire house and its...
) - Genie (a genieGenieJinn or genies are supernatural creatures in Arab folklore and Islamic teachings that occupy a parallel world to that of mankind. Together, jinn, humans and angels make up the three sentient creations of Allah. Religious sources say barely anything about them; however, the Qur'an mentions that...
) - Kairu the DolphinDolphinDolphins are marine mammals that are closely related to whales and porpoises. There are almost forty species of dolphin in 17 genera. They vary in size from and , up to and . They are found worldwide, mostly in the shallower seas of the continental shelves, and are carnivores, mostly eating...
(available for East Asian editions, downloadable for Office 97) - Max (a Macintosh PlusMacintosh PlusThe Macintosh Plus computer was the third model in the Macintosh line, introduced on January 16, 1986, two years after the original Macintosh and a little more than a year after the Macintosh 512K, with a price tag of US$2599...
computer) (Macintosh) - Peedy (a green parrotParrotParrots, also known as psittacines , are birds of the roughly 372 species in 86 genera that make up the order Psittaciformes, found in most tropical and subtropical regions. The order is subdivided into three families: the Psittacidae , the Cacatuidae and the Strigopidae...
) - Robby (a robotRobotA robot is a mechanical or virtual intelligent agent that can perform tasks automatically or with guidance, typically by remote control. In practice a robot is usually an electro-mechanical machine that is guided by computer and electronic programming. Robots can be autonomous, semi-autonomous or...
) - Merlin (a wizard)
The 1997 assistants can be downloaded from the Microsoft website.
Later versions
Starting in Office 2000, Microsoft AgentMicrosoft Agent
Microsoft Agent is a technology developed by Microsoft which employs animated characters, text-to-speech engines, and speech recognition software to enhance interaction with computer users. Thus it is an example of an embodied agent. It comes preinstalled as part of Microsoft Windows 2000 through...
(ACS) replaced the Microsoft Bob
Microsoft Bob
Microsoft Bob was a Microsoft software product, released in March 1995, which provided a new, nontechnical interface to desktop computing operations. It was one of Microsoft's more visible product failures...
-descended Actor (ACT) format as the technology supporting the feature. Users can add other assistants to the folder where Office is installed for them to show up in the Office application. Microsoft Agent-based characters have richer forms and colors, and are not enclosed within a boxed window.
As of Office 2007/2008, Microsoft replaced the Office assistant with a new online help system.
In Ribbon Hero 2
After featuring Clippy's tomb in a movie to promote Office 2010, the character was relaunched as the main character of the game Ribbon Hero 2Ribbon Hero 2
Ribbon Hero 2: Clippy's Second Chance is a video game developed by Microsoft Office Labs. The game is available as a free download and serves to educate users of Microsoft Word, Excel, PowerPoint and OneNote in Microsoft Office 2007 and 2010 how to use the ribbon interface.-Plot:Clippy, one of the...
, which is an interactive tutorial released by Microsoft in 2011. In the game, Clippy needs a new job and accidentally goes inside a time machine, travelling to different ages solving problems with Word
Microsoft Word
Microsoft Word is a word processor designed by Microsoft. It was first released in 1983 under the name Multi-Tool Word for Xenix systems. Subsequent versions were later written for several other platforms including IBM PCs running DOS , the Apple Macintosh , the AT&T Unix PC , Atari ST , SCO UNIX,...
, Excel
Microsoft Excel
Microsoft Excel is a proprietary commercial spreadsheet application written and distributed by Microsoft for Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X. It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications...
, PowerPoint
Microsoft PowerPoint
Microsoft PowerPoint, usually just called PowerPoint, is a non-free commercial presentation program developed by Microsoft. It is part of the Microsoft Office suite, and runs on Microsoft Windows and Apple's Mac OS X operating system...
and Onenote. Other Office Assistant names are also featured during the "Future Age" as planets of the future solar system.
Criticism and parodies
The program was widely reviled among users as intrusive and annoying,and was criticized even within Microsoft. Microsoft's internal codename TFC had a derogatory origin: Steven Sinofsky
Steven Sinofsky
Steven Sinofsky has been the President of the Windows Division at Microsoft since September 2008, responsible for the development and marketing of Windows, Windows Live, and Internet Explorer.-Education:...
states that "C" stood for "clown", while allowing his readers to guess what "TF" might stand for. Smithsonian Magazine
Smithsonian (magazine)
Smithsonian is the official journal published by the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. The first issue was published in 1970.-History:...
called Clippy "one of the worst software design blunders in the annals of computing".
In July 2000, the online comic strip User Friendly
User Friendly
User Friendly is a discontinued daily webcomic about the staff of a small, fictional Internet service provider, Columbia Internet. The strip's humor tends to be centered around technology jokes and geek humour....
ran a series of panels featuring Clippy. In 2001, a Microsoft advertising campaign for Office XP included the (now defunct) website officeclippy.com, which highlighted the disabling of Clippit in the software. It featured the animated adventures of Clippit (voiced by comedian Gilbert Gottfried
Gilbert Gottfried
Gilbert Gottfried is an American actor, voice actor and stand-up comedian, best known for his trademark comedic persona of speaking in a loud, grating tone of voice. He has played numerous roles in film and television, perhaps most notably voicing the parrot Iago in Disney's Aladdin , and...
, in his trademark annoying voice) as he learned to cope with unemployment ("X...XP...As in, ex-paperclip?!") and parodied behaviors of the Office assistant. Curiously, one of these ("Clippy Faces Facts") uses the same punchline as one of the User Friendly comic strips. These videos can be downloaded at the Internet Archive
Internet Archive
The Internet Archive is a non-profit digital library with the stated mission of "universal access to all knowledge". It offers permanent storage and access to collections of digitized materials, including websites, music, moving images, and nearly 3 million public domain books. The Internet Archive...
. Clippy ends up in an office as a floppy disk ejecting pin for Macintosh Computers.
There is a Clippit parody in the Plus! Dancer application included in Microsoft Plus! Digital Media Edition which is later included as Windows Dancer in Windows XP Media Center Edition 2005. The dancing character Boo Who? is wearing a ghost outfit, roughly having the shape of Clippit's body, with a piece of wire visible underneath. Occasionally, the white sheet slips, and reveals the thin curve of steel. The description mentions "working for a short while for a Redmond, WA based software company, where he continued to work until being retired in 2001". Clippit is also included as a player character in Microsoft Bicycle Card Games and Microsoft Bicycle Board Games.
Demitri Martin parodied Clippit in his stand up special Demetri Martin. Person.
Demetri Martin. Person.
Demetri Martin. Person. is a 2007 Comedy Central Presents special featuring comedian Demetri Martin. It was directed by Jay Karas. It was filmed in Austin, Texas. It first aired on January 14, 2007...
when he said, "I think it would be cool if you were writing a ransom note on your computer, if the paper clip popped up and said, "Looks like you're writing a ransom note. Need help? You should use more forceful language, you'll get more money."
The webcomic
Webcomic
Webcomics, online comics, or Internet comics are comics published on a website. While many are published exclusively on the web, others are also published in magazines, newspapers or often in self-published books....
Help Desk
Help Desk (webcomic)
Help Desk is a webcomic by Christopher B. Wright which debuted on March 31, 1996, making it one of the older webcomics on the Internet. The comic is a satirical and cynical view of computer software companies and operating systems in general, and of the antics of Microsoft, Apple Computer, OS/2,...
has Binky the Cheerful Winking Paperclip who is (almost) always cheerful, and is a parody of Microsoft's Office Assistant. He saved the world from Steve Jobs, was captured by said Apple CEO, and mutated into a classy, aristocratic paperclip named Steve (also known as iClip). Binky was later cloned into Drinky and Evil Binky, who are parodies of Microsoft and Bill Gates.
College Humor
College Humor
College Humor was a popular humor magazine from the 1920s to the 1940s. Published monthly by Collegiate World Publishing, it began in 1920 with reprints from college publications and soon introduced new material, including fiction. Contributors included Robert Benchley, Heywood Broun, Groucho Marx,...
also parodied Clippy in the Clock Suckers' 9th episode, Abe-Hole, appearing in an action movie trailer where his annoying remarks are actually useful, which contrasts with most other parodies like Matrix Runs on Windows XP when Neo is bending clippy with his mind.
In the Family Guy
Family Guy
Family Guy is an American animated television series created by Seth MacFarlane for the Fox Broadcasting Company. The series centers on the Griffins, a dysfunctional family consisting of parents Peter and Lois; their children Meg, Chris, and Stewie; and their anthropomorphic pet dog Brian...
episode "Lois Kills Stewie
Stewie Kills Lois and Lois Kills Stewie
"Stewie Kills Lois" and "Lois Kills Stewie" form a two-part episode of the sixth season of the animated comedy series Family Guy. Respectively, both are the fourth and fifth episode of their season, and they premiered in the United States on Fox on November 4 and 11, 2007...
," Stewie sneaks into CIA headquarters and uses one of their computers, and is greatly annoyed when Clippy appears on the screen and says, "I see you're trying to take over the world. Can I help?" Stewie then yells, "Go away, you paperclip! No one likes you!"
In The Simpsons
The Simpsons
The Simpsons is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company. The series is a satirical parody of a middle class American lifestyle epitomized by its family of the same name, which consists of Homer, Marge, Bart, Lisa and Maggie...
episode "Funeral for a Fiend
Funeral for a Fiend
"Funeral for a Fiend" is the eighth episode of The Simpsons nineteenth season and first aired on November 25, 2007. It was written by Michael Price and was directed by Rob Oliver. It features Kelsey Grammer in his tenth appearance as Sideshow Bob, as well as David Hyde Pierce in his second...
", Sideshow Bob attempts to kill the Simpson family with a defective laptop battery and a pile of dynamite. Clippy appears on the laptop screen and says "It looks like you're trying to blow up the computer. Mind if I hug my kids?", at which point two smaller paper clips appear, and Clippy appears to hug them. In another episode, Stop Or My Dog Will Shoot
Stop or My Dog Will Shoot
"Stop or My Dog Will Shoot!" is the twentieth episode of The Simpsons eighteenth season and first aired May 13, 2007. When Santa's Little Helper rescues a lost Homer, he becomes a local hero and the Simpsons decide to enroll him in Police Dog Academy, where he is teamed with Lou and they become a...
, a computer in Springfield Elementary School is being consumed by Bart's new pet snake, to which Clippy appears and says "You look like you're trying to eat me, need some help?"
In the episode "The One Wherein There is a Big Twist Part II" of Drawn Together
Drawn Together
Drawn Together is an American animated television series, which ran on Comedy Central from October 27, 2004 to November 14, 2007. The series was created by Dave Jeser and Matt Silverstein, and uses a sitcom format with a TV reality show setting...
, the character of Wooldoor Sockbat is unable to reintegrate into society after leaving the Drawn Together house and attempts suicide, Clippy appears as he is about to hang himself and says 'Hey, writing a suicide note? I can help. Here's a tip: avoid cliches like "goodbye cruel world" and remember to blame your parents'.
In a June 2008 episode of the NPR comedy quiz show Wait Wait, Don't Tell Me, panelists adlib the dialogue of Clippy as he is driven to the woods outside of Redmond, WA for a mafia-like execution. Quotes include "What are you digging, what are you digging? Can I help you dig?", "Oh, you've got a baseball bat, can I help you learn to play baseball?", and "It looks like you're digging a grave. Is this a business grave, or a personal grave?"
This moment was ultimately voted the favorite moment of the show by fans for Wait Wait's August 2009 "Listener's Choice" episode.
A recent parody video created by Microsoft to advertise their new product, Office 2010: The Movie, features a man who is investigating a case about a rogue girl who created a hypnotic font. When initially asked to take up the case, the man replies, "I can't... My partner (Clippy)."
The chief responds, "You've got to let him go."
The series Red vs. Blue
Red vs. Blue
Red vs. Blue, often abbreviated as RvB, is a set of related comic science fiction video series created by Rooster Teeth Productions and distributed through the Internet and on DVD...
parodied Clippy in one episode, with Sarge claiming that he has been considered to replace Clippy as the Office Assistant. His appearance soundbyte would have been: "Where do you want to go today, dirtbag?". A third-party developer later released a working office assistant add-on based on the parody.
In the 2008 spoof comedy movie Superhero Movie
Superhero Movie
Superhero Movie is a 2008 American spoof film written and directed by Craig Mazin, produced by David Zucker and Robert K. Weiss, and starring Drake Bell, Sara Paxton, Christopher McDonald, and Leslie Nielsen...
, the villain of the story, The Hourglass, is using a Microsoft world domination software disk (a parody of a windows software disc), when clippy appears and says: "It looks like you are planning a mass-murder. May I help?" to which The Hourglass responds, "Tch...paperclip guy...".
In Animator vs. Animation 3, Clippy attempts to kill the stick figure
Stick figure
A stick figure is a very simple type of drawing made of lines and dots, often of the human form or other animals. In a stick figure, the head is represented by a circle, sometimes embellished with details such as eyes, mouth or crudely scratched-out hair. The arms, legs and torso are all...
(the Chosen One) after it invades the Animator's Required Essay, using a text-made sword
Sword
A sword is a bladed weapon used primarily for cutting or thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration...
with help from the Animator, who uses a text-made gun
Gun
A gun is a muzzle or breech-loaded projectile-firing weapon. There are various definitions depending on the nation and branch of service. A "gun" may be distinguished from other firearms in being a crew-served weapon such as a howitzer or mortar, as opposed to a small arm like a rifle or pistol,...
. While the Chosen One and Clippy face off, the Animatior creates another stick figure, the Dark Lord, giving him the command to destroy the Chosen One. After the Dark Lord is dropped into the now-empty essay, Clippy gets tangled like a yarn
Yarn
Yarn is a long continuous length of interlocked fibres, suitable for use in the production of textiles, sewing, crocheting, knitting, weaving, embroidery and ropemaking. Thread is a type of yarn intended for sewing by hand or machine. Modern manufactured sewing threads may be finished with wax or...
, and the Chosen One kicks him out of the Microsoft Word
Microsoft Word
Microsoft Word is a word processor designed by Microsoft. It was first released in 1983 under the name Multi-Tool Word for Xenix systems. Subsequent versions were later written for several other platforms including IBM PCs running DOS , the Apple Macintosh , the AT&T Unix PC , Atari ST , SCO UNIX,...
window, missing the brawl between the Chosen One and the Dark Lord.
In a video called "The Matrix runs on Windows XP" by College Humor, Clippit is seen twice, and at the end he says: "Looks like you're trying to save humanity, want some help?"
In 2011 as part of April Fools, Blizzard Entertainment
Blizzard Entertainment
Blizzard Entertainment, Inc. is an American video game developer and publisher founded on February 8, 1991 under the name Silicon & Synapse by three graduates of UCLA, Michael Morhaime, Allen Adham and Frank Pearce and currently owned by French company Activision Blizzard...
promoted Crabby, a "dungeon helper" similar in style to Clippit. Crabby also appears to users while browsing pages related to World of Warcraft. At the end of April Fools, Crabby was removed from browsing pages in response of some text being blocked by him.
In the season 7 finale of The Office: Search Committee
Search Committee
"Search Committee" is the hour-long finale of the seventh season of the American television comedy series The Office. It is the 151st and 152nd episodes of the series overall and the 25th and 26th episodes of the seventh season. It was written by show runner and executive producer Paul Lieberstein...
, Darryl is told that he will need to supply a resume as part of his application for branch manager, he calls customer support: "Yes, there used to be a paper clip that would pop up and say, 'Looks like you are writing a letter or resume. Would you like help?' I believe his name was...Clippy."
External links
- Clippit discontinued in Office 12
- Download additional Agents Office 97 (Quiet Office Logo, Kairu, Earl, F1)
- Luke Swartz — Why People Hate the Paperclip — Academic paper on why people hate the Office Assistant
- Microsoft Agent Ring - download more unofficial characters
- "Farewell Clippy: What's Happening to the Infamous Office Assistant in Office XP" (April 2001) at Microsoft.com