Odilon Lannelongue
Encyclopedia
Odilon Marc Lannelongue (December 4, 1840 – December 22, 1911) was a French surgeon
who was a native of Castéra-Verduzan
. In 1867 he earned his medical doctorate at Paris
, where he was a student of Charles-Pierre Denonvilliers
(1808–1872) and Auguste Nélaton
(1807–1873). In 1883 he became a professor at the Faculty of Medicine of Paris, and in 1895 became a member of the Academy of Sciences. Later in life he became interested in politics, and in 1906 was a senator from the department of Gers
.
Lannelongue is remembered for his work involving bone disease
s, especially osteomyelitis
and bone tuberculosis
. In 1892 he performed the first craniectomy for craniosynostosis
, which involved the correction of a sagittal synostosis
. He is also credited for introducing a method for treatment of synovial
tuberculosis through the use of chloride
of zinc
injections.
In 1911 he founded the Médaille internationale de chirurgie (Foundation Lannelongue) in memory of his wife Marie Lannelongue, (née Cibiel) who was a nurse during the Franco-Prussian War
. This award is issued every five years by the Académie nationale de chirurgie (National Academy of Surgery). During his medical career, Lannelongue had several famous persons as patients, including Léon Gambetta
, Sarah Bernhardt
and Félix Faure
.
Surgeon
In medicine, a surgeon is a specialist in surgery. Surgery is a broad category of invasive medical treatment that involves the cutting of a body, whether human or animal, for a specific reason such as the removal of diseased tissue or to repair a tear or breakage...
who was a native of Castéra-Verduzan
Castéra-Verduzan
Castéra-Verduzan is a commune in the Gers department in southwestern France.-Population:-References:*...
. In 1867 he earned his medical doctorate at Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
, where he was a student of Charles-Pierre Denonvilliers
Charles-Pierre Denonvilliers
Charles-Pierre Denonvilliers was a French surgeon who was a native of Paris. In 1837 he received his medical doctorate, and later was a professor of surgery and anatomy in Paris....
(1808–1872) and Auguste Nélaton
Auguste Nélaton
Auguste Nélaton was a French physician and surgeon. Born at Paris, he began studying medicine in 1828 and was graduated as an M.D. in 1836 with a thesis on the effects of tuberculosis on the bones. Three years later, he became a professor at the Hôpital St. Louis with a habilitation on breast tumors...
(1807–1873). In 1883 he became a professor at the Faculty of Medicine of Paris, and in 1895 became a member of the Academy of Sciences. Later in life he became interested in politics, and in 1906 was a senator from the department of Gers
Gers
The Gers is a department in the Midi-Pyrénées region in the southwest of France named after the Gers River.Inhabitants are called les Gersois or Gersoises.-History:...
.
Lannelongue is remembered for his work involving bone disease
Bone disease
-Terminology:A bone disease is also called an "osteopathy", but because the term osteopathy is often used to a health-care approach, use of the term can cause some confusion.-Bone and cartilage disorders:...
s, especially osteomyelitis
Osteomyelitis
Osteomyelitis simply means an infection of the bone or bone marrow...
and bone tuberculosis
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis, MTB, or TB is a common, and in many cases lethal, infectious disease caused by various strains of mycobacteria, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis usually attacks the lungs but can also affect other parts of the body...
. In 1892 he performed the first craniectomy for craniosynostosis
Craniosynostosis
Craniosynostosis is a condition in which one or more of the fibrous sutures in an infant skull prematurely fuses by ossification, thereby changing the growth pattern of the skull...
, which involved the correction of a sagittal synostosis
Synostosis
Synostosis is the abnormal fusion of neighbor bones. It is a type of dysostosis.Examples of synostoses include: craniosynostosis- being an abnormal fusion of two or more cranial bones, radio-ulnar synostosis- being the abnormal fusion of the radius and ulna bones of the forearm, tarsal coalition -...
. He is also credited for introducing a method for treatment of synovial
Synovial
Synovial may refer to:* Synovial fluid* Synovial joint* Synovial membrane...
tuberculosis through the use of chloride
Chloride
The chloride ion is formed when the element chlorine, a halogen, picks up one electron to form an anion Cl−. The salts of hydrochloric acid HCl contain chloride ions and can also be called chlorides. The chloride ion, and its salts such as sodium chloride, are very soluble in water...
of zinc
Zinc
Zinc , or spelter , is a metallic chemical element; it has the symbol Zn and atomic number 30. It is the first element in group 12 of the periodic table. Zinc is, in some respects, chemically similar to magnesium, because its ion is of similar size and its only common oxidation state is +2...
injections.
In 1911 he founded the Médaille internationale de chirurgie (Foundation Lannelongue) in memory of his wife Marie Lannelongue, (née Cibiel) who was a nurse during the Franco-Prussian War
Franco-Prussian War
The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the 1870 War was a conflict between the Second French Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia. Prussia was aided by the North German Confederation, of which it was a member, and the South German states of Baden, Württemberg and...
. This award is issued every five years by the Académie nationale de chirurgie (National Academy of Surgery). During his medical career, Lannelongue had several famous persons as patients, including Léon Gambetta
Léon Gambetta
Léon Gambetta was a French statesman prominent after the Franco-Prussian War.-Youth and education:He is said to have inherited his vigour and eloquence from his father, a Genovese grocer who had married a Frenchwoman named Massabie. At the age of fifteen, Gambetta lost the sight of his right eye...
, Sarah Bernhardt
Sarah Bernhardt
Sarah Bernhardt was a French stage and early film actress, and has been referred to as "the most famous actress the world has ever known". Bernhardt made her fame on the stages of France in the 1870s, and was soon in demand in Europe and the Americas...
and Félix Faure
Félix Faure
Félix François Faure was President of France from 1895 until his death.-Biography:Félix François Faure was born in Paris, the son of a small furniture maker...
.
- Associated eponyms:
- Lannelongue's foramina: Also known as foramina venarum minimarumForamina venarum minimarumThe foramina venarum minimarum are the orifices of minute veins , which return blood directly from the muscular substance of the heart....
, which are foramina of the smallest veins of the heartHeartThe heart is a myogenic muscular organ found in all animals with a circulatory system , that is responsible for pumping blood throughout the blood vessels by repeated, rhythmic contractions...
. - Lannelongue's ligaments: Also known as sternopericardiac ligamentsSternopericardiac ligamentsThe fibrous pericardium is attached to the posterior surface of the sternum by the superior and inferior sternopericardiac ligaments ; the upper passing to the manubrium, and the lower to the xiphoid process.-External links:...
.