Neuhofen
Encyclopedia
Neuhofen is a municipality in the Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis
, in Rhineland-Palatinate
, Germany
. It is situated approx. 7 km south of Ludwigshafen.
since the 10th century, 1194 Medenheim was sold to the cistercian cloister Himmerod. The Cistercians founded the Farm Nova Curia („New Farm“ or „Neuer Hof“ in German) near Medenheim. More and more people from Medenheim moved to the new Farm, and Medenheim declined.
Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis
The Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis is a district in the east of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.Neighboring districts are the district-free city Worms, the district Bergstraße, district-free Mannheim, Frankenthal and Ludwigshafen, Rhein-Neckar, district-free Speyer, the districts Karlsruhe, Germersheim,...
, in Rhineland-Palatinate
Rhineland-Palatinate
Rhineland-Palatinate is one of the 16 states of the Federal Republic of Germany. It has an area of and about four million inhabitants. The capital is Mainz. English speakers also commonly refer to the state by its German name, Rheinland-Pfalz ....
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. It is situated approx. 7 km south of Ludwigshafen.
History
Starting point of Neuhofen was the declined village Medenheim, east of Neuhofen. Being Property of the cloister WissembourgWissembourg
Wissembourg is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Alsace in northeastern France.It is situated on the little River Lauter close to the border between France and Germany approximately north of Strasbourg and west of Karlsruhe. Wissembourg is a sub-prefecture of the department...
since the 10th century, 1194 Medenheim was sold to the cistercian cloister Himmerod. The Cistercians founded the Farm Nova Curia („New Farm“ or „Neuer Hof“ in German) near Medenheim. More and more people from Medenheim moved to the new Farm, and Medenheim declined.
Timeline
- 9. Mai 1194 The area of Neuhofen became property of the Cistercians of Himmerod. The document stating this was testified by Henry VIHenry VI, Holy Roman EmperorHenry VI was King of Germany from 1190 to 1197, Holy Roman Emperor from 1191 to 1197 and King of Sicily from 1194 to 1197.-Early years:Born in Nijmegen,...
, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire of the German NationHoly Roman EmpireThe Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...
. („Kaiser Heinrich VI. bekundet, dass durch seine Hände, Abt Gottfried von WeißenburgWissembourgWissembourg is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Alsace in northeastern France.It is situated on the little River Lauter close to the border between France and Germany approximately north of Strasbourg and west of Karlsruhe. Wissembourg is a sub-prefecture of the department...
mit seinen Mitbrüdern und Ministerialie das Hofgut in Medenheim und Rechholz, das Eberhard von Ried vom Kloster Weißenburg zu LehenFiefdomA fee was the central element of feudalism and consisted of heritable lands granted under one of several varieties of feudal tenure by an overlord to a vassal who held it in fealty in return for a form of feudal allegiance and service, usually given by the...
trug, an Abt Herman von Himmerod und sein Kloster zu Eigentum übertragen hat.“) - 1194 The Cistercians don't settle in the village Medenheim, but at a Mill at the "Rehbach" creek.
- 1209 Neuhofen's name (in Latin Nova Curia) was first mentioned in a document of the Bishop of SpeyerBishop of SpeyerThe Bishop of Speyer is the Ordinary of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Speyer, which is a suffragan see of the Archdiocese of Bamberg.The diocese covers an area of 5,893 km².The current bishop is Karl-Heinz Wiesemann.-List of bishops:-References:...
about a conflict between the cloister Himmerod and the farmers of MutterstadtMutterstadtMutterstadt is a municipality in the Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.It is situated approx. 7 km southwest of the city center of Ludwigshafen.-History:...
. - 1220 The old church of Medenheim was torn down
- 1318 Bishop Emich of SpeyerSpeyerSpeyer is a city of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany with approximately 50,000 inhabitants. Located beside the river Rhine, Speyer is 25 km south of Ludwigshafen and Mannheim. Founded by the Romans, it is one of Germany's oldest cities...
permits the construction of a new church in Neuhofen. Patron saint of the new church is MichaelMichael (archangel)Michael , Micha'el or Mîkhā'ēl; , Mikhaḗl; or Míchaël; , Mīkhā'īl) is an archangel in Jewish, Christian, and Islamic teachings. Roman Catholics, Anglicans, and Lutherans refer to him as Saint Michael the Archangel and also simply as Saint Michael...
. - 1318 The cloister Himmerod sells Neuhofen, but keeps the right to levy tax.
- 1349 Destruction of the castle of Neuhofen
- 1449 Destruction of Neuhofen in the war about the succession of Louis IV, Count Palatine of the RhineLouis IV, Count Palatine of the RhineLouis IV, Count Palatine of the Rhine was an Elector Palatine of the Rhine from the House of Wittelsbach in 1436 - 1449....
- 1543 In the Protestant ReformationProtestant ReformationThe Protestant Reformation was a 16th-century split within Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther, John Calvin and other early Protestants. The efforts of the self-described "reformers", who objected to the doctrines, rituals and ecclesiastical structure of the Roman Catholic Church, led...
Neuhofen changes denomination. - 1584 The River Rhine changes its course, this is the origin of the Neuhöfer Altrhein (a lake marking the earlier course of the river)
- 1618 - 1648 In the Thirty Years' WarThirty Years' WarThe Thirty Years' War was fought primarily in what is now Germany, and at various points involved most countries in Europe. It was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history....
Neuhofen gets looted and destroyed many times. Its Inhabitants move to the surrounding cities. Only few families return after the war, HuguenotHuguenotThe Huguenots were members of the Protestant Reformed Church of France during the 16th and 17th centuries. Since the 17th century, people who formerly would have been called Huguenots have instead simply been called French Protestants, a title suggested by their German co-religionists, the...
s settle in Neuhofen. - 1637 Plague
- between 1688 and 1697 destructions in the Palatine Succession War
- 1797 - 1815 Neuhofen and the Palatine western of the River Rhine are part of the French RepublicFranceThe French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
(Départements Mont-TonnerreMont-TonnerreMont-Tonnerre is the name of a département of the First French Empire in present Germany. It is named after the highest point in the Rhenish Palatinate, the Donnersberg. It was the southernmost of four départements formed in 1798, when the west bank of the Rhine was annexed by France...
) - 19th century the railway to SaarbrückenSaarbrückenSaarbrücken is the capital of the state of Saarland in Germany. The city is situated at the heart of a metropolitan area that borders on the west on Dillingen and to the north-east on Neunkirchen, where most of the people of the Saarland live....
was built by Paul Camille von DenisPaul Camille von DenisPaul Camille Denis, later von Denis, was an engineer, railway pioneer and participant in the Hambach Festival, the German political protest of 1832....
; between MutterstadtMutterstadtMutterstadt is a municipality in the Rhein-Pfalz-Kreis, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.It is situated approx. 7 km southwest of the city center of Ludwigshafen.-History:...
and Neuhofen a train station was built - 1852 the sugar refinery on the Friedensau was put into operation; Neuhofen begins to turn into a residence for workers
- 1865 the BASFBASFBASF SE is the largest chemical company in the world and is headquartered in Germany. BASF originally stood for Badische Anilin- und Soda-Fabrik . Today, the four letters are a registered trademark and the company is listed on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange, London Stock Exchange, and Zurich Stock...
was founded in MannheimMannheimMannheim is a city in southwestern Germany. With about 315,000 inhabitants, Mannheim is the second-largest city in the Bundesland of Baden-Württemberg, following the capital city of Stuttgart....
and moved to Ludwigshafen. In Ludwigshafen more chemical companies were founded, more and more workers settled in Neuhofen.
Inhabitants
- 1585: 200 persons (according to a tax list, 53 families)
- 1655: 28 persons (after the Thirty Years' WarThirty Years' WarThe Thirty Years' War was fought primarily in what is now Germany, and at various points involved most countries in Europe. It was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history....
) - 1700: 90 persons
- 1802: 502 persons (333 Reformed, 87 Lutheran, 93 Catholic)
- 1835: 1015 persons (826 Evangelical, 186 Catholic, 4 Jewish)
- 1867: 1453 persons (1166 Evangelical, 202 Catholic, 18 Jewish)
- 1905: 2464 persons (2022 Evangelical, 396 Catholic, 33 Jewish, 13 of other religion according to a census)
- In World War IWorld War IWorld War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
87 soldiers from Neuhofen are killed in action. - 1930: 3060 persons
- In World War IIWorld War IIWorld War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
soldiers from Neuhofen are killed in action; 67 are missing till today; 13 people from Neuhofen get killed because of their "race" or political beliefs. - 1950: 3641 persons (according to a census)
- 1970: 5291 persons (according to a census)
- 1995: 7262 persons
- 2006: 7297 persons
Notable Natives
- Manfred Kaltz, football player