Municipal Borough of Hendon
Encyclopedia
Hendon was an ancient civil parish
of around 8250 acres (33 km²) which included Mill Hill
, as well as Golders Green
and Childs Hill
. In 1894 it was created an urban district
of Middlesex
and in 1932 it became a municipal borough
. The municipal borough was abolished in 1965 and the area became part of the London Borough of Barnet
.
of Gore in the county of Middlesex
. It had a vestry by the middle of the 17th century, becoming an urban district
of Middlesex
in 1894 and a municipal borough
in 1932 (see the coat of arms and description. The municipal borough was abolished in 1965 and the area became part of the London Borough of Barnet
. Between 1835 and 1930 Hendon Union was a poor Law Union, and census registrative District, which included a number of other parishes: Edgware
, Great Stanmore, Little Stanmore, Kingsbury
, Harrow on the Hill, Pinner
, Willesden
, as well as those areas in the ancient parish of Hendon
. In 1932 the parish of Edgware
(previously part of the Hendon Rural District
) became a part of Hendon Urban District.
. The manor was recorded in the Domesday survey of 1087 as lands belonging to Westminster Abbey
. From at least the Saxon period until the 14th century most economic activity was centred on the extensive woodlands, cultivated for firewood and pigs, and an ancient route out of London, passing through Hampstead, Golders Green, and Mill Hill, (with slight varition in its course) continued to be important until the early 19th century. During the 17th century the area became famous for its hay. The manor was in the possession of David Garrick
the 18th century actor. In 1868 a station was opened on the Midland Railway
, and this encouraged some suburban development in Hendon during the 1880s and 1890s. Samuel Clarke established the Pyramid and Fairy light works in Child’s Hill during 1885, the first of Hendon’s factories, which was joined by a number of other manufactories. But it was the arrival of the trams and tubes between 1906 and 1924, that promoted the greatest growth. This was twofold as it provided not only a means of commuting for people living the area into central London, but also provided reasonable transport for workers to come into the area. By the 1930s Hendon was a recognised industrial area of London, with companies like Schweppes, Johnson’s Photographic Ltd and Handley Page the aircraft manufacturers. However much of Hendon’s industry was minor engineer units, often employing fewer than twenty people. During the post war period demand for new housing pushed industry out of the area, and established the district as solely suburban in nature.
Hendon is famous as the location of Hendon Aerodrome
which was established by Claude Grahame-White in 1911.
The following places were shared with other parishes:
Civil parish
In England, a civil parish is a territorial designation and, where they are found, the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties...
of around 8250 acres (33 km²) which included Mill Hill
Mill Hill
Mill Hill is a place in the London Borough of Barnet. It is a suburb situated 9 miles north west of Charing Cross. Mill Hill was in the historic county of Middlesex until it was absorbed by London...
, as well as Golders Green
Golders Green
Golders Green is an area in the London Borough of Barnet in London, England. Although having some earlier history, it is essentially a 19th century suburban development situated about 5.3 miles north west of Charing Cross and centred on the crossroads of Golders Green Road and Finchley Road.In the...
and Childs Hill
Childs Hill
Childs Hill, now the southernmost ward of the London Borough of Barnet, although of historic origin, is a late-19th-century suburban development situated 5 miles northwest of Charing Cross bordered by the A41 and Dunstan Road, and centred on the junction of Cricklewood Lane and Finchley Road...
. In 1894 it was created an urban district
Urban district
In the England, Wales and Ireland, an urban district was a type of local government district that covered an urbanised area. Urban districts had an elected Urban District Council , which shared local government responsibilities with a county council....
of Middlesex
Middlesex
Middlesex is one of the historic counties of England and the second smallest by area. The low-lying county contained the wealthy and politically independent City of London on its southern boundary and was dominated by it from a very early time...
and in 1932 it became a municipal borough
Municipal borough
Municipal boroughs were a type of local government district which existed in England and Wales between 1835 and 1974, in Northern Ireland from 1840 to 1973 and in the Republic of Ireland from 1840 to 2002...
. The municipal borough was abolished in 1965 and the area became part of the London Borough of Barnet
London Borough of Barnet
The London Borough of Barnet is a London borough in North London and forms part of Outer London. It has a population of 331,500 and covers . It borders Hertfordshire to the north and five other London boroughs: Harrow and Brent to the west, Camden and Haringey to the south-east and Enfield to the...
.
Background
The name is Saxon and means the high down, and its earliest known use is in 1005 as Heandunigna. It was in the HundredHundred (division)
A hundred is a geographic division formerly used in England, Wales, Denmark, South Australia, some parts of the United States, Germany , Sweden, Finland and Norway, which historically was used to divide a larger region into smaller administrative divisions...
of Gore in the county of Middlesex
Middlesex
Middlesex is one of the historic counties of England and the second smallest by area. The low-lying county contained the wealthy and politically independent City of London on its southern boundary and was dominated by it from a very early time...
. It had a vestry by the middle of the 17th century, becoming an urban district
Urban district
In the England, Wales and Ireland, an urban district was a type of local government district that covered an urbanised area. Urban districts had an elected Urban District Council , which shared local government responsibilities with a county council....
of Middlesex
Middlesex
Middlesex is one of the historic counties of England and the second smallest by area. The low-lying county contained the wealthy and politically independent City of London on its southern boundary and was dominated by it from a very early time...
in 1894 and a municipal borough
Municipal borough
Municipal boroughs were a type of local government district which existed in England and Wales between 1835 and 1974, in Northern Ireland from 1840 to 1973 and in the Republic of Ireland from 1840 to 2002...
in 1932 (see the coat of arms and description. The municipal borough was abolished in 1965 and the area became part of the London Borough of Barnet
London Borough of Barnet
The London Borough of Barnet is a London borough in North London and forms part of Outer London. It has a population of 331,500 and covers . It borders Hertfordshire to the north and five other London boroughs: Harrow and Brent to the west, Camden and Haringey to the south-east and Enfield to the...
. Between 1835 and 1930 Hendon Union was a poor Law Union, and census registrative District, which included a number of other parishes: Edgware
Edgware
Edgware is an area in London, situated north-northwest of Charing Cross. It forms part of both the London Borough of Barnet and the London Borough of Harrow. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London....
, Great Stanmore, Little Stanmore, Kingsbury
Kingsbury
Kingsbury is an area in the London Borough of Brent, northwest London. The name Kingsbury means "The King's Manor".-History:Kingsbury was historically a small parish in the Hundred of Gore and county of Middlesex. Until the nineteenth century it was largely rural with only scattered settlements....
, Harrow on the Hill, Pinner
Pinner
- Climate :Pinner's geographical position on the far western side of North West London makes it the furthest London suburb from any UK coastline. Hence the lower prevalence of moderating maritime influences make Pinner noticeably warmer in the spring and the summer compared to the rest of the capital...
, Willesden
Willesden
Willesden is an area in North West London which forms part of the London Borough of Brent. It is situated 5 miles north west of Charing Cross...
, as well as those areas in the ancient parish of Hendon
Hendon
Hendon is a London suburb situated northwest of Charing Cross.-History:Hendon was historically a civil parish in the county of Middlesex. The manor is described in Domesday , but the name, 'Hendun' meaning 'at the highest hill', is earlier...
. In 1932 the parish of Edgware
Edgware
Edgware is an area in London, situated north-northwest of Charing Cross. It forms part of both the London Borough of Barnet and the London Borough of Harrow. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London....
(previously part of the Hendon Rural District
Hendon Rural District
Hendon was a rural district in Middlesex, England from 1894 to 1934.The rural district was established in 1894 under the Local Government Act 1894, consisting of the following parishes:...
) became a part of Hendon Urban District.
Development
There is evidence of Roman activity in Hendon, and along its western edge runs the Roman Road Watling StreetWatling Street
Watling Street is the name given to an ancient trackway in England and Wales that was first used by the Britons mainly between the modern cities of Canterbury and St Albans. The Romans later paved the route, part of which is identified on the Antonine Itinerary as Iter III: "Item a Londinio ad...
. The manor was recorded in the Domesday survey of 1087 as lands belonging to Westminster Abbey
Westminster Abbey
The Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, popularly known as Westminster Abbey, is a large, mainly Gothic church, in the City of Westminster, London, United Kingdom, located just to the west of the Palace of Westminster. It is the traditional place of coronation and burial site for English,...
. From at least the Saxon period until the 14th century most economic activity was centred on the extensive woodlands, cultivated for firewood and pigs, and an ancient route out of London, passing through Hampstead, Golders Green, and Mill Hill, (with slight varition in its course) continued to be important until the early 19th century. During the 17th century the area became famous for its hay. The manor was in the possession of David Garrick
David Garrick
David Garrick was an English actor, playwright, theatre manager and producer who influenced nearly all aspects of theatrical practice throughout the 18th century and was a pupil and friend of Dr Samuel Johnson...
the 18th century actor. In 1868 a station was opened on the Midland Railway
Midland Railway
The Midland Railway was a railway company in the United Kingdom from 1844 to 1922, when it became part of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway....
, and this encouraged some suburban development in Hendon during the 1880s and 1890s. Samuel Clarke established the Pyramid and Fairy light works in Child’s Hill during 1885, the first of Hendon’s factories, which was joined by a number of other manufactories. But it was the arrival of the trams and tubes between 1906 and 1924, that promoted the greatest growth. This was twofold as it provided not only a means of commuting for people living the area into central London, but also provided reasonable transport for workers to come into the area. By the 1930s Hendon was a recognised industrial area of London, with companies like Schweppes, Johnson’s Photographic Ltd and Handley Page the aircraft manufacturers. However much of Hendon’s industry was minor engineer units, often employing fewer than twenty people. During the post war period demand for new housing pushed industry out of the area, and established the district as solely suburban in nature.
Hendon is famous as the location of Hendon Aerodrome
Hendon Aerodrome
Hendon Aerodrome was an aerodrome in Hendon, north London, England that, between 1908 and 1968, was an important centre for aviation.It was situated in Colindale, seven miles north west of Charing Cross. It nearly became "the Charing Cross of the UK's international air routes", but for the...
which was established by Claude Grahame-White in 1911.
Population 1700-1961
- 1700 - estimated at 1900.
- 1801 - 1955
- 1811 - 2589
- 1821 - 3100
- 1831 - 3110
- 1841 - 3327
- 1851 - 3333
- 1861 - 4544
- 1871 - 6977
- 1881 - 10,484
- 1891 - 15,843
- 1901 - 22,450
- 1911 - 40,039
- 1921 - 56,013
- 1931 - 115,682
- 1940 - 166,237
- 1951 - 155,835
- 1961 - 151,843
Districts
Hendon contained the following districts:- Brent Street
- The BurroughsThe BurroughsThe Burroughs is a place in Hendon, and a civic district of London Borough of Barnet. It is centred on the road of the same name where Hendon Town Hall is located.-History:It was a distinct hamlet until the 1890s, as can be seen on this of 1873...
- Childs HillChilds HillChilds Hill, now the southernmost ward of the London Borough of Barnet, although of historic origin, is a late-19th-century suburban development situated 5 miles northwest of Charing Cross bordered by the A41 and Dunstan Road, and centred on the junction of Cricklewood Lane and Finchley Road...
- Church EndChurch EndChurch End is the name of several places in England.* Church End, Bedfordshire , several hamlets* Church End, East Riding of Yorkshire* Church End, Essex, a village in the district of Braintree* Church End, Barnet, London...
- Clitterhouse
- ColindaleColindale-Transport:*Colindale tube station, on the Northern Line Edgware branch, is situated on the north side of the east-west Colindale Lane.-Development:...
- EdgwareEdgwareEdgware is an area in London, situated north-northwest of Charing Cross. It forms part of both the London Borough of Barnet and the London Borough of Harrow. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London....
- Golders GreenGolders GreenGolders Green is an area in the London Borough of Barnet in London, England. Although having some earlier history, it is essentially a 19th century suburban development situated about 5.3 miles north west of Charing Cross and centred on the crossroads of Golders Green Road and Finchley Road.In the...
- Grahame ParkGrahame ParkGrahame Park, located on the site of the old Hendon Aerodrome in North West London, is a north London housing estate in the London Borough of Barnet, including 1,777 homes built in the 1970s.-History:...
- Hendon Central
- Holders Hill
- Mill HillMill HillMill Hill is a place in the London Borough of Barnet. It is a suburb situated 9 miles north west of Charing Cross. Mill Hill was in the historic county of Middlesex until it was absorbed by London...
- Parson Street
- Temple FortuneTemple FortuneTemple Fortune is a place in the London Borough of Barnet to the north of Golders Green. It is principally a shopping district used by residents of the Hampstead Garden Suburb. Between here and Golders Green, at Hoop Lane are two important cemeteries. The and interred here are the remains of a...
- West HendonWest HendonWest Hendon is a place in the London Borough of Barnet.-History:West Hendon was a settlement within that part of the ancient parish of Hendon known as the Hyde, and is now a part of the London Borough of Barnet. It was formally known, from 1878–1890, as New Hendon, a small railway development on...
The following places were shared with other parishes:
- Burnt OakBurnt OakBurnt Oak is a suburb predominantly in the London Borough of Barnet south of Edgware, although parts of it fall within Brent and Harrow.The name Burnt Oak was first used in 1754 and from then until the 1850s referred to no more than a field on the eastern side of the Edgware Road...
was shared with StanmoreStanmoreStanmore is a suburban area of the London Borough of Harrow, in northwest London. It is situated northwest of Charing Cross. The area is home to Stanmore Hill, one of the highest points of London, high.-Toponymy:... - CricklewoodCricklewoodCricklewood is a district of North London, England whose northeastern part is in the London Borough of Barnet, western part is the London Borough of Brent and southeastern part is in London Borough of Camden.-History:...
was shared with WillesdenWillesdenWillesden is an area in North West London which forms part of the London Borough of Brent. It is situated 5 miles north west of Charing Cross... - Hampstead Garden SuburbHampstead Garden Suburb-Notable Residents :*Theo Adams*Martin Bell*Sir Victor Blank*Katie Boyle*Constantine, the last King of Greece*Greg Davies*Richard & Judy Finnigan*David Matthews*Michael Ridpath*Claudia Roden*Jonathan Ross*Sir Donald Sinden*Marc Sinden...
was shared with FinchleyFinchleyFinchley is a district in Barnet in north London, England. Finchley is on high ground, about north of Charing Cross. It formed an ancient parish in the county of Middlesex, becoming a municipal borough in 1933, and has formed part of Greater London since 1965... - The HydeThe HydeThe Hyde is a locality in the London Borough of Barnet in London, United Kingdom. The area is considered to form part of Hendon.-History:The name is first recorded in 1281 as la Hyde meaning the hide of land; the amount of land considered enough to support a family, around .-Geography:It is located...
was shared with KingsburyKingsburyKingsbury is an area in the London Borough of Brent, northwest London. The name Kingsbury means "The King's Manor".-History:Kingsbury was historically a small parish in the Hundred of Gore and county of Middlesex. Until the nineteenth century it was largely rural with only scattered settlements.... - North End was shared with HampsteadHampsteadHampstead is an area of London, England, north-west of Charing Cross. Part of the London Borough of Camden in Inner London, it is known for its intellectual, liberal, artistic, musical and literary associations and for Hampstead Heath, a large, hilly expanse of parkland...
External links
- Plan of parish
- Barnet Archives and Local Studies
- HADAS Archived Newsletters (The Hendon & District Archaeological Society)
- Victoria County History Hendon Chapter
- Pictures 1700 - 1900
- Pictures 1900 - 1930
- Hendon and Finchley Times is archived from 1998 for more recent history.
- Kelly’s Directory - These contain lists of residents for Hendon and interesting descriptions of the area:
