Morteza Motahhari - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

Ayatollah Murtaza Motahhari (مرتضی مطهری; February 3, 1920 – May 1, 1979) was an Iran

Iran

Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...

ian scholar, cleric, lecturer, and politician.

Motahhari is considered among the important influences on the ideologies of the Islamic Republic

Islamic republic

Islamic republic is the name given to several states in the Muslim world including the Islamic Republics of Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, and Mauritania. Pakistan adopted the title under the constitution of 1956. Mauritania adopted it on 28 November 1958. Iran adopted it after the 1979 Iranian...

, and was a co-founder of Hosseiniye Ershad

Hosseiniye Ershad

The Hosseinieh Ershad or Hosseiniyeh Ershad is a religious institute in Tehran, Iran. It was closed for a time by the Pahlavi government in 1972. The institute is housed in a large, domed hall, and is used for lectures on history, culture, society, and religion...

and the Combatant Clergy Association (Jāme'e-ye Rowhāniyat-e Mobārez). Motahhari was a disciple of Ayatollah Khomeini

Ruhollah Khomeini

Grand Ayatollah Sayyed Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini was an Iranian religious leader and politician, and leader of the 1979 Iranian Revolution which saw the overthrow of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the Shah of Iran...

during the Shah

Shah

Shāh is the title of the ruler of certain Southwest Asian and Central Asian countries, especially Persia , and derives from the Persian word shah, meaning "king".-History:...

's reign and formed the Council of Revolution of Iran at Khomeini's request. He was chairman of the council at the time of his assassination.

His life and works

Murtaza Motahhari attended the Hawza

Hawza

Hawza or ḥawza ʻilmiyya is a seminary of traditional Islamic school of higher learning. It is a term used mostly by the Shi'a Muslims communities to refer to a traditional Shi'a centre where clerics are trained...

of Qom

Qom

Qom is a city in Iran. It lies by road southwest of Tehran and is the capital of Qom Province. At the 2006 census, its population was 957,496, in 241,827 families. It is situated on the banks of the Qom River....

from 1944–1952, and then joined the University of Tehran

University of Tehran

The University of Tehran , also known as Tehran University and UT, is Iran's oldest university. Located in Tehran, the university is among the most prestigious in the country, and is consistently selected as the first choice of many applicants in the annual nationwide entrance exam for top Iranian...

, where he taught philosophy for 22 years. Between 1965 and 1973 he also gave regular lectures at the Hosseiniye Ershad

Hosseiniye Ershad

in Northern Tehran.

Murtaza Motahhari wrote several books on Islam, Iran, and historical topics. His emphasis was on teaching rather than writing. However, after his death, some of his students worked on writing these lectures and manage them in order to publish them as books. As of mid-2008, the "Sadra Publishings" has published more than sixty books of Motahari and about 30 books written about Motahari or quoted from his speeches. Some of them are described below.

Morteza Motahhari opposed what he called groups who "depend on other schools, especially materialistic schools" but who present these "foreign ideas with Islamic emblems". In a June 1977 article he wrote to warn "all great Islamic authorities" of the danger of "these external influential ideas under the pretext and banner of Islam." It is thought he was referring to the People's Mujahideen of Iran and the Furqan Group (Guruh-i Furqan).

On May 1, 1979 Murtaza Motahhari was assassinated by gunshot by a member of the Furqan Group after leaving a late meeting at the house of Yadollah Sahabi

Yadollah Sahabi

Yadollah Sahabi was a prominent Iranian scholar, writer, reformist and politician. A close associate of Mohammad Mosaddegh and Mehdi Bazargan, Sahabi was an active campaigner for the nationalisation of the Iranian oil industry in the 1950s. He was the father of Ezzatollah Sahabi.Sahabi studied at...

. Ordibehesht 12 (1 or 2 May), the Persian date

Iranian calendar

The Iranian calendars or sometimes called Persian calendars are a succession of calendars invented or used for over two millennia in Greater Iran...

on which Murtaza Motahhari was assassinated, is celebrated as "Teachers Day" in Iran

Iran

.

Murtaza Motahhari is the father in law of Iran's former secretary of National Security Council Ali Larijani

Ali Larijani

Ali Ardashir Larijani is an Iranian philosopher, politician and the chairman of the Iranian parliament. Larijani was the Secretary of the Supreme National Security Council from August 15, 2005 to October 20, 2007, appointed to the position by President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad,replacing Hassan Rowhani...

. It was by Motahhari's advice that Larijani switched from Computer Science to Western Philosophy

Western philosophy

Western philosophy is the philosophical thought and work of the Western or Occidental world, as distinct from Eastern or Oriental philosophies and the varieties of indigenous philosophies....

for graduate school.

In honor of Murtaza Motahhari, a major street in Tehran (Takhte Tavoos--Peacock Throne

Peacock Throne

The Peacock Throne, called Takht-e Tâvus in Persian, is the name originally given to a Mughal throne of India, which was later adopted and used to describe the thrones of the Persian emperors from Nader Shah Afshari and erroneously to Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi whose throne was a reconstruction of...

in English) was named after him upon his death shortly after the Iranian revolution

Iranian Revolution

The Iranian Revolution refers to events involving the overthrow of Iran's monarchy under Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi and its replacement with an Islamic republic under Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the leader of the...

in 1979. Murtaza Motahhari Street connects Sohrevardi Street and Vali Asr Street, two major streets in Tehran.

List of Publications

Tawhid (Monotheism)
Adl -e- Elahi (Divine Justice)
Nubuwwah (Prophet-hood)
Ma'ad (The Return)
Hamase -e- Husaini
Seiry dar nahj al-balagha
Seiry dar sirey'e a'emeye at-har
Seiry dar sirey'e nabavi
Insan -e- Kamel (The Complete Human)
Payambar -e- Ommi
Osool -e Falsafa va ravesh -e- Realism (The principles of Philosophy and the method of Realism)
Sharh -e- Manzume (A description done by Motahari on Manzume which is an old philosophical poem written by Mulla Hadi Sabzevary)
Imamat va rahbary
Dah Goftar (A selection of 10 articles of Motahari)
Bist Goftar (A selection of 20 articles of Motahari)
Panzdah Goftar (A selection of 15 articles of Motahari)
Azadi -e- Ma'navi
Ashneya'ei ba Quran (Being familiar with the Qur'an)
Ayande -e- Enghlab -e- Islami (The future of the Islamic Revolution)
Ehyaye Tafakor -e- Islami (Giving Life to the Islamic thinking)
Akhlagh -e- Jensi (Sexual Discipline)
Islam va niazha -ye- Jahan
Emdadhaye gheibi dar zendegi -e- bashar
Ensas va sarenevesht
Panj maghale
Ta'lim va tarbiyat dar Islam
Jazebe va dafe'eye Ali
Jehad (The Holy War of Islam and Its Legitimacy in the Quran)
Hajj (Pilgrimage)
Hekmat-ha va andarz-ha
Khatemiyat
Khatm -e- Nobowat
Khadamāt-e moteqābel-e Eslām va Īrān (The Contributions of Islam and Iran to each other)
Dastan -e- Rastan
Darshaye Asfar
Shesh maghale
Erfan -e- Hafez
Elale gerayesh be madigary
Fetrat
Falsafe -ye- Akhlagh
Falsafe -ye- Tarikh
Ghiam va enghelab -e- Mahdi
Koliyat -e- olume Islami
Goft va gooye chahar shanbe
Masaleye Hejab
Masaleye Reba
Masaleye Shenakht
Maghalate falsafi (A selection of Philosophical articles written by Motahari)
Moghadameyi bar jahanbiniye Islami (Consists of 6 different books written about this subject)
Nabard -e- hagh va batel
Nezam -e- hoghoghe zan dar Islam
Nazari bar nezame eghtesadiye Islam
Naghdi bar Marxism
Nehzat-haye Islami dar 100 sale akhir
Sexual Ethics in Islam and in the Western World (English)
Vela'ha va velayat-ha
Azadegi
Ayineye Jam (Hafez poetic book with Motahari's notations on it)

External links

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His life and works

List of Publications

See also

External links