Mathilde Vaerting was a German feminist and writer on matriarchy

Matriarchy

A matriarchy is a society in which females, especially mothers, have the central roles of political leadership and moral authority. It is also sometimes called a gynocratic or gynocentric society....

.

Vaerting's A New Basis for the Psychology of Man and Woman (1921) explained gender role

Gender role

Gender roles refer to the set of social and behavioral norms that are considered to be socially appropriate for individuals of a specific sex in the context of a specific culture, which differ widely between cultures and over time...

 differences functionally rather than biologically, criticising most previous studies of gender as based on "a kind of unquestioned association of men with dominance and women with subordination". In 1923 the Social Democratic government of Thuringia

Thuringia

The Free State of Thuringia is a state of Germany, located in the central part of the country.It has an area of and 2.29 million inhabitants, making it the sixth smallest by area and the fifth smallest by population of Germany's sixteen states....

 appointed her to a chair of education at the University of Jena.

Works

• Neubegründung der Psychologie von Mann und Weib: Die weibliche Eigenart im Männerstaat und die männliche Eigenart im Frauenstaat, 1921. Translated by Cedar
  Cedar Paul
  Cedar Paul, née Gertrude Mary Davenport was a singer, author, translator and journalist.-Biography:Gertrude Davenport came from a musical family: she was the grand-daughter of the composer George Alexander Macfarren and the daughter of the composer Francis William Davenport...
  
   and Eden Paul
  Eden Paul
  Maurice Eden Paul, most commonly known simply as Eden Paul was a socialist physician, writer and translator.-Biography:...
  
   as The dominant sex; a study in the sociology of sex differentiation, New York, George H. Doran Co., [1923]. Etext online at the University of Virginia Library