Macin
Encyclopedia
Măcin is a town in Tulcea County
, Dobrogea, Romania
.
. The city is located at the intersection of the DN22 (E87) and DN22D national roads. The DN22 road links it to the Romanian capital, Bucharest
(230 km to the West, via Brăila
) and to the cities of Isaccea
and Tulcea
(to the East). The DN22D connect Măcin through a southern route with Tulcea
and Constanţa
.
ic settlement, named Arrubium. It was then included in the Dacia
n kingdoms of Rhemaxos
and Zyraxes
, then conquered by the Roman Empire
, which stationed a cavalry unit in this place between 99 and 241. The ruins of the old roman fortifications, could be seen today on the top of "Cetate" Hill. Part of the Bulgarian
, Byzantine
and later Ottoman Empire
, it was included for some time in the Wallachia
n and Moldavia
n voivodates.
It was the site of the Battle of Măcin
in 1791.
, from a quarry situated on southern slopes of Măcin Mountains
, also the textile and clothing manufacture being good represented. A large part of city and surroundings population (especially women) is involved in textile industry. Electrostatic air purifiers and ventilation systems are produced in a local factory.
Recently, the wine industry has been gaining importance, vineyard plantings have been increasing, probing the good potential of the region. The local wine-producer sell wines with the "D.O.C.
" designation, "Controlled term of origin", of Sarica-Niculiţel region.
One of the best wines of Sărica-Niculiţel vineyard is the Aligoté
white dry wine. Here, in the northern part of the hilly and sunny Dobrudja region, between the Danube
and Black Sea
, this variety of white grape found a new home, giving a wine with unique taste.
The town has also an "inland port
" port on the Danube, operated by two local cranes and sometimes an additional floating crane. The port has also grain-handling and some warehousing facilities.
"Nifon Bălăşescu" school (ex "Scoala generala nr. 1") and "Gheorghe Banea" school (ex "Scoala generala nr. 2")
Tulcea County
Tulcea is a county of Romania, in the historical region Dobruja, with the capital city at Tulcea.-Demographics:In 2002, Tulcea County had a population of 256,492...
, Dobrogea, Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
.
Location
Măcin is located in the north-western part of the Dobrudja region, in Tulcea CountyTulcea County
Tulcea is a county of Romania, in the historical region Dobruja, with the capital city at Tulcea.-Demographics:In 2002, Tulcea County had a population of 256,492...
. The city is located at the intersection of the DN22 (E87) and DN22D national roads. The DN22 road links it to the Romanian capital, Bucharest
Bucharest
Bucharest is the capital municipality, cultural, industrial, and financial centre of Romania. It is the largest city in Romania, located in the southeast of the country, at , and lies on the banks of the Dâmbovița River....
(230 km to the West, via Brăila
Braila
Brăila is a city in Muntenia, eastern Romania, a port on the Danube and the capital of Brăila County, in the close vicinity of Galaţi.According to the 2002 Romanian census there were 216,292 people living within the city of Brăila, making it the 10th most populous city in Romania.-History:A...
) and to the cities of Isaccea
Isaccea
Isaccea is a small town in Tulcea County, in Dobruja, Romania, on the right bank of the Danube, 35 km north-west of Tulcea. According to the 2002 census, it has a population 5,374....
and Tulcea
Tulcea
Tulcea is a city in Dobrogea, Romania. It is the administrative center of Tulcea county, and has a population of 92,379 as of 2007. One village, Tudor Vladimirescu, is administered by the city.- History :...
(to the East). The DN22D connect Măcin through a southern route with Tulcea
Tulcea
Tulcea is a city in Dobrogea, Romania. It is the administrative center of Tulcea county, and has a population of 92,379 as of 2007. One village, Tudor Vladimirescu, is administered by the city.- History :...
and Constanţa
Constanta
Constanța is the oldest extant city in Romania, founded around 600 BC. The city is located in the Dobruja region of Romania, on the Black Sea coast. It is the capital of Constanța County and the largest city in the region....
.
History
The town is located on an ancient CeltCelt
The Celts were a diverse group of tribal societies in Iron Age and Roman-era Europe who spoke Celtic languages.The earliest archaeological culture commonly accepted as Celtic, or rather Proto-Celtic, was the central European Hallstatt culture , named for the rich grave finds in Hallstatt, Austria....
ic settlement, named Arrubium. It was then included in the Dacia
Dacia
In ancient geography, especially in Roman sources, Dacia was the land inhabited by the Dacians or Getae as they were known by the Greeks—the branch of the Thracians north of the Haemus range...
n kingdoms of Rhemaxos
Rhemaxos
Rhemaxos was an ancient king who ruled to the north of Danube around 200 BC and who was the protector of the Greek colonies in Dobruja, receiving a tribute from them in exchange of protection against outside attacks. It appears that the links with the Greek cities lasted a rather long period of...
and Zyraxes
Zyraxes
Zyraxes was a Getae king who ruled north Dobruja in the 1st century BC. He was mentioned in relation with the campaigns of Licinius Crassus. His capital, Genucla was besieged by the Romans in 28 BC, but he managed to escape and flee to his Scythian allies....
, then conquered by the Roman Empire
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
, which stationed a cavalry unit in this place between 99 and 241. The ruins of the old roman fortifications, could be seen today on the top of "Cetate" Hill. Part of the Bulgarian
Bulgarian Empire
Bulgarian Empire is a term used to describe two periods in the medieval history of Bulgaria, during which it acted as a key regional power in Europe in general and in Southeastern Europe in particular, rivalling Byzantium...
, Byzantine
Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire was the Eastern Roman Empire during the periods of Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, centred on the capital of Constantinople. Known simply as the Roman Empire or Romania to its inhabitants and neighbours, the Empire was the direct continuation of the Ancient Roman State...
and later Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
, it was included for some time in the Wallachia
Wallachia
Wallachia or Walachia is a historical and geographical region of Romania. It is situated north of the Danube and south of the Southern Carpathians...
n and Moldavia
Moldavia
Moldavia is a geographic and historical region and former principality in Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester river...
n voivodates.
It was the site of the Battle of Măcin
Battle of Macin
The Battle of Măcin, Battle of Maçin or Battle of Matchin was a battle in the Russo–Turkish War of 1787–1792 fought on July 10, 1791, between the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Empire. The Russians were led by Nicholas Repnin and the Turks were led by Yusuf Pasha...
in 1791.
Economy
The main part of the local economy is based in agriculture, especially animal husbandry, cereal growing and fishing. Industry is based on extraction of rock, graniteGranite
Granite is a common and widely occurring type of intrusive, felsic, igneous rock. Granite usually has a medium- to coarse-grained texture. Occasionally some individual crystals are larger than the groundmass, in which case the texture is known as porphyritic. A granitic rock with a porphyritic...
, from a quarry situated on southern slopes of Măcin Mountains
Macin Mountains
The Măcin Mountains is a mountain range in Tulcea County, Dobrogea, Romania. Part of the Northern Dobruja Massif, they are located between Danube River to the north and west, Taiţa River and Culmea Niculiţelului to the east and Casimcea Plateau to the south...
, also the textile and clothing manufacture being good represented. A large part of city and surroundings population (especially women) is involved in textile industry. Electrostatic air purifiers and ventilation systems are produced in a local factory.
Recently, the wine industry has been gaining importance, vineyard plantings have been increasing, probing the good potential of the region. The local wine-producer sell wines with the "D.O.C.
Romanian wine
Romania is one of the world's largest wine producers, producing around 610,000 tons of wine. In recent years, Romania has attracted many European business people and wine buyers, due to the affordable prices of both vineyards and wines compared to other wine producing nations such as France,...
" designation, "Controlled term of origin", of Sarica-Niculiţel region.
One of the best wines of Sărica-Niculiţel vineyard is the Aligoté
Aligoté
Aligoté is a white grape used to make dry white wines in the Burgundy region of France, and which also has significant plantings in much of Eastern Europe including Romania, Russia, Ukraine, Moldova and Bulgaria. With , it was the 22nd most planted vine variety in the world in 2004...
white dry wine. Here, in the northern part of the hilly and sunny Dobrudja region, between the Danube
Danube
The Danube is a river in the Central Europe and the Europe's second longest river after the Volga. It is classified as an international waterway....
and Black Sea
Black Sea
The Black Sea is bounded by Europe, Anatolia and the Caucasus and is ultimately connected to the Atlantic Ocean via the Mediterranean and the Aegean seas and various straits. The Bosphorus strait connects it to the Sea of Marmara, and the strait of the Dardanelles connects that sea to the Aegean...
, this variety of white grape found a new home, giving a wine with unique taste.
The town has also an "inland port
Inland port
The term inland port is used in two different but related ways to mean either a port on an inland waterway or an inland site carrying out some functions of a seaport.- As a port on an inland waterway :...
" port on the Danube, operated by two local cranes and sometimes an additional floating crane. The port has also grain-handling and some warehousing facilities.
Education
- Four kindergarten, one with prolonged activities program (No. 4).
- Two primary schools :
"Nifon Bălăşescu" school (ex "Scoala generala nr. 1") and "Gheorghe Banea" school (ex "Scoala generala nr. 2")
- Vocational school - This school was founded in 1905, and according to Spiru HaretSpiru HaretSpiru C. Haret was a Romanian mathematician, astronomer and politician. He made a fundamental contribution to the n-body problem in celestial mechanics by proving that using a third degree approximation for the disturbing forces implies instability of the major axes of the orbits, and by...
was "the most beautiful school from all over Dobrudja" in the period around World War IWorld War IWorld War I , which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939, and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918...
.
- High school : "Gheorghe Munteanu-Murgoci"
- "Cadastre and Cartography College" within Faculty of Geography, University of BucharestUniversity of BucharestThe University of Bucharest , in Romania, is a university founded in 1864 by decree of Prince Alexander John Cuza to convert the former Saint Sava Academy into the current University of Bucharest.-Presentation:...
.