List of rulers of Aumale
Encyclopedia
The County of Aumale, later elevated to a duchy, was a medieval fief in Normandy
. It was disputed between England and France during parts of the Hundred Years' War
.
, then styled Count of Aumale
by courtesy. On his accession as Duke of Guise, he ceded it to his brother Claude, Duke of Aumale
. It was later used as a title by Henri d'Orléans, the youngest son of Louis-Philippe
, King of the French and Duke of Orléans.
The present titleholder is a grandson of the late Henri, Count of Paris, Orléans heir, and his wife, Princess Isabelle of Orléans-Braganza of Brazil. Prince Foulques, Duke of Aumale, son of Prince Jacques, Duke of Orléans and the duchess, née Gersende de Sabran-Pontèves, added it to his title of Comte d'Eu.
Anglo-Norman Counts:
, the kings of England at various times ruled Aumale
, through their claims to be dukes of Normandy
and later, kings of France. The title of Count or Duke of Aumale was granted several times during this period.
captured the castle of Aumale
, and granted the title of "Count of Aumale" to Renaud de Dammartin
. However, despite Philip's conquest of Aumale (and, subsequently, the remainder of Normandy
), the kings of England continued to claim the Duchy of Normandy, and to recognize the old line of Counts or Earls of Aumale. These were:
Aveline married Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster
in 1269, but died without issue in 1274. A claim upon the inheritance by John de Eston (de Ashton) was settled in 1278 with the surrender of the title to the Crown.
In further creations in the English peerage after the Hundred Years' War, Aumale was spelled in the Latinised form Albemarle. For these, see Duke of Albemarle
and Earl of Albemarle
.
Normandy
Normandy is a geographical region corresponding to the former Duchy of Normandy. It is in France.The continental territory covers 30,627 km² and forms the preponderant part of Normandy and roughly 5% of the territory of France. It is divided for administrative purposes into two régions:...
. It was disputed between England and France during parts of the Hundred Years' War
Hundred Years' War
The Hundred Years' War was a series of separate wars waged from 1337 to 1453 by the House of Valois and the House of Plantagenet, also known as the House of Anjou, for the French throne, which had become vacant upon the extinction of the senior Capetian line of French kings...
.
Aumale in Norman & French nobility
The title was later re-created in 1547 for FrancisFrancis, Duke of Guise
Francis de Lorraine II, Prince of Joinville, Duke of Guise, Duke of Aumale , called Balafré , was a French soldier and politician.-Early life:...
, then styled Count of Aumale
Aumale
Aumale is a commune in the Seine-Maritime department in the Haute-Normandie region in north-western France.-Geography:A village of farming and associated light industry, situated in the valley of the Bresle River of the Norman Pays de Bray in Normandy on the border with Picardie. It is around ...
by courtesy. On his accession as Duke of Guise, he ceded it to his brother Claude, Duke of Aumale
Claude, Duke of Aumale
Claude of Lorraine, Duke of Aumale was the third son of Claude, Duke of Guise and Antoinette de Bourbon. He was a prince of Lorraine by birth....
. It was later used as a title by Henri d'Orléans, the youngest son of Louis-Philippe
Louis-Philippe of France
Louis Philippe I was King of the French from 1830 to 1848 in what was known as the July Monarchy. His father was a duke who supported the French Revolution but was nevertheless guillotined. Louis Philippe fled France as a young man and spent 21 years in exile, including considerable time in the...
, King of the French and Duke of Orléans.
The present titleholder is a grandson of the late Henri, Count of Paris, Orléans heir, and his wife, Princess Isabelle of Orléans-Braganza of Brazil. Prince Foulques, Duke of Aumale, son of Prince Jacques, Duke of Orléans and the duchess, née Gersende de Sabran-Pontèves, added it to his title of Comte d'Eu.
Lords of Aumale
Norman Counts:- Guerinfroi, lord before 996–?
- Guerinfroi Aymard (son) ?–1048
- Bertha of Aumale (daughter) 1048–1052
- Hugh of Ponthieu (count Hugh II of PonthieuHugh II of PonthieuHugh II of Ponthieu was count of Ponthieu and lord of Abbeville, the son of Enguerrand I of Ponthieu. Evidently Hugh II was the half brother of Guy, who became the bishop of Amiens; Fulk, who became the abbot of Forest l'Abbaye; and Robert...
) 1048–1052 (married to Bertha)
- Hugh of Ponthieu (count Hugh II of Ponthieu
- Enguerrand I of Aumale (married Adelaide of Normandy, who retained the lordship after her husband's death)
- Adelaide of NormandyAdelaide of NormandyAdelaide of Normandy was the sister of William the Conqueror.She was the daughter of Robert the Magnificent, Duke of Normandy. Different chroniclers writing in the Gesta Normannorum Ducum call her sister of William the Conqueror either by the same mother or by different mothers...
1053–1087 with- Lambert of Boulogne count of Lens 1053–1054 (married to Adelaide)
Counts of Aumale
- OdoOdo IV, Count of TroyesOdo, Count of Champagne , was Count of Troyes and of Meaux from 1047 to 1066, then Count of Aumale from 1069 to 1115.-Biography:Odo was the son of Stephen II of Troyes and Meaux, and Adele...
of Troyes 1069–1115 (married to Adelaide) - Stephen of AumaleStephen of AumaleStephen of Aumale was Count of Aumale from 1082 to 1127.He was son of Eudes de Blois, Count of Troyes and Count of Meaux, and Adelaide of Normandy, countess of Aumale, and sister of William the Conqueror...
before 1070–1127 - William le GrosWilliam le Gros, 1st Earl of AlbemarleWilliam le Gros was the Count of Aumale , Earl of York, and Lord of Holderness. He was the eldest son of Stephen, Count of Aumale, and his spouse, Hawise, daughter of Ralph de Mortimer of Wigmore....
1127–1179 - Hawise of AumaleHawise of AumaleHawise, countess of Aumale was the daughter and heiress of William "the Fat" , Count of Aumale and Cicely, daughter and co-heiress of William fitz Duncan. She became countess of Essex as well by her marriage to the third earl of Essex, William de Mandeville.Hawise was countess in her own right...
1179–1194 with Counts jure uxorisJure uxorisJure uxoris is a Latin term that means "by right of his wife" or "in right of a wife". It is commonly used to refer to a title held by a man whose wife holds it in her own right. In other words, he acquired the title simply by being her husband....
:- William de Mandeville, 3rd Earl of EssexWilliam de Mandeville, 3rd Earl of EssexWilliam de Mandeville, 3rd Earl of Essex was a loyal councilor of Henry II and Richard I of England.He was the second son of Geoffrey de Mandeville, 1st Earl of Essex and Rohese de Vere, Countess of Essex. After his father's death while in rebellion , William grew up at the court of the Count of...
1180–1189 (married to Hawise) - William I de Forz 1189–1194 (married to Hawise)
- Baldwin of BethuneBaldwin of BethuneBaldwin of Bethune or Baldwin de Béthune , a knight from the House of Bethune in Artois and a crusader, was close companion to successive English kings and on marriage to Hawise of Aumale became Count of Aumale with extensive estates in England.-Origins:Baldwin was the third son of Robert V of...
1195–1196 (married to Hawise)
- William de Mandeville, 3rd Earl of Essex
- confiscated; to French royal domainCrown lands of FranceThe crown lands, crown estate, royal domain or domaine royal of France refers to the lands, fiefs and rights directly possessed by the kings of France...
. However, the English kings continued to recognise the title, see Earl of AlbemarleEarl of AlbemarleEarl of Albemarle is a title created several times from Norman times onwards. The word Albemarle is the Latinised form of the French county of Aumale in Normandy , other forms being Aubemarle and Aumerle...
Counts of Aumale (House of Dammartin)
French Counts:- Renaud I of Dammartin 1224–1227
- Mahaut of Dammartin 1227–1234 with
- Philip Hurepel 1227–1234 (married to Mahaut)
- Simon of DammartinSimon of DammartinSimon of Dammartin was a son of Alberic II of Dammartin and his wife Mathildis of Clermont.-Biography:...
1234–1239 - Joan of Dammartin 1239–1278 with
Counts of Aumale (House of Castile)
-
- Ferdinand IFerdinand III of CastileSaint Ferdinand III, T.O.S.F., was the King of Castile from 1217 and León from 1230. He was the son of Alfonso IX of León and Berenguela of Castile. Through his second marriage he was also Count of Aumale. He finished the work done by his maternal grandfather Alfonso VIII and consolidated the...
1239–1252 (married to Jeanne) - Ferdinand II of Castile-Aumale 1252–1260 (son of Joan and Ferdinand I)
- John I 1260–1302 (son of Ferdinand II)
- Ferdinand I
- John II 1302–1343
- Blanche of Ponthieu 1343–1387 with
Counts of Aumale (House of Harcourt)
- John III 1343–1356 (husband of Blanche)
- John IV 1356–1389 (son of John III and Blanche)
- John VJohn VII of HarcourtJean VII d'Harcourt was a count of Aumale, viscount of Châtellerault, seigneur of Mézières, of Elbeuf, of Lillebone, of La Saussaye etc....
1389–1452 - Marie of HarcourtMarie of Harcourt (1398-1476)Marie of Harcourt was Countess of Aumale and Baroness of Elbeuf from 1452 to 1476. She was the eldest daughter of John VII of Harcourt, Count of Harcourt and Aumale and Baron of Elbeuf, and of Marie of Alençon....
1452–1476 with
Counts of Aumale (House of Lorraine-Vaudémont)
- Antoine, count of VaudémontAntoine of VaudémontAntoine of Vaudémont was Count of Vaudémont and sieur de Joinville from 1418 to 1458. By marriage, he was also Count of Aumale and Baron of Elbeuf from 1452 to 1458.-Life:...
1452–1458 (married to Marie) - John VIJohn of VaudémontJohn VI of Harcourt was a count of Harcourt. He was son of John V of Harcourt and Blanche of Ponthieu who was the sister of Jeanne of Ponthieu....
1458–1473 (son of Antoine and Marie) - RenéRené II, Duke of LorraineRené II was Count of Vaudémont from 1470, Duke of Lorraine from 1473, and Duke of Bar from 1483 to 1508. He claimed the crown of the Kingdom of Naples and the County of Provence as the Duke of Calabria 1480–1493 and as King of Naples and Jerusalem 1493–1508...
1473–1508 (nephew of John) - Claude IClaude, Duke of GuiseClaude de Lorraine, duc de Guise was a French aristocrat and general. He became the first Duke of Guise in 1528....
1508–1547
Dukes of Aumale
- FrancisFrancis, Duke of GuiseFrancis de Lorraine II, Prince of Joinville, Duke of Guise, Duke of Aumale , called Balafré , was a French soldier and politician.-Early life:...
1547–1550 - Claude IIClaude, Duke of AumaleClaude of Lorraine, Duke of Aumale was the third son of Claude, Duke of Guise and Antoinette de Bourbon. He was a prince of Lorraine by birth....
1550–1573 - CharlesCharles, Duke of AumaleCharles of Guise, duc d'Aumale was the son of Claude, Duke of Aumale and Louise de Brézé.-Biography:...
1573–1631 - Anne 1631–1638 (countess of MaulévrierMaulévrierMaulévrier is a commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France....
) - Henry of SavoyHenri de Savoie, 4th Duc de NemoursHenri of Savoy , called originally Marquis de Saint-Sorlin, was the son of Jacques of Savoy and Anna d'Este, the widow of François de Lorraine, Duke of Guise. He succeeded his brother Charles Emmanuel as Duke of Nemours....
, Duke of NemoursDuke of NemoursIn the 12th and 13th centuries the Lordship of Nemours, in the Gatinais, France, was in possession of the house of Villebeon, a member of which, Gautier, was marshal of France in the middle of the 13th century...
1631–1632 (married to Anne) - Louis of SavoyLouis of Savoy, 5th Duke of NemoursLouis of Savoy was Count of Geneva, Duke of Nemours, and Duke of Aumale from the death of his father Henry of Savoy in 1632 until his own death in 1641....
1638–1641 (also Duke of Nemours) - Charles Amadeus of SavoyCharles Amédée de Savoie, 6th Duc de NemoursCharles Amadeus of Savoy was a French military leader and magnate and Duke of Nemours. He was the father of the penultimate Duchess of Savoy and Queen of Portugal-Biography:...
1641–1652 (also Duke of Nemours) - to royal domain
- Marie Jeanne of Savoy
- Louis Charles de BourbonLouis-Charles, Count of EuLouis Charles de Bourbon, Count of Eu was a grandson of Louis XIV of France and his Maîtresse-en-titre Françoise-Athénaïs de Montespan. He was a member of the legitimised house of Bourbon du Maine...
(1701–1773) - sold to the crown, but payment not made, so returned to the heir
- Louis Jean Marie of Bourbon (1776–1793)
- Henri d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale (1822–1897)
Aumale in the English peerage
Through the end of the Hundred Years' WarHundred Years' War
The Hundred Years' War was a series of separate wars waged from 1337 to 1453 by the House of Valois and the House of Plantagenet, also known as the House of Anjou, for the French throne, which had become vacant upon the extinction of the senior Capetian line of French kings...
, the kings of England at various times ruled Aumale
Aumale
Aumale is a commune in the Seine-Maritime department in the Haute-Normandie region in north-western France.-Geography:A village of farming and associated light industry, situated in the valley of the Bresle River of the Norman Pays de Bray in Normandy on the border with Picardie. It is around ...
, through their claims to be dukes of Normandy
Duke of Normandy
The Duke of Normandy is the title of the reigning monarch of the British Crown Dependancies of the Bailiwick of Guernsey and the Bailiwick of Jersey. The title traces its roots to the Duchy of Normandy . Whether the reigning sovereign is a male or female, they are always titled as the "Duke of...
and later, kings of France. The title of Count or Duke of Aumale was granted several times during this period.
Earls of Aumale (1095)
In 1196, Philip II of FrancePhilip II of France
Philip II Augustus was the King of France from 1180 until his death. A member of the House of Capet, Philip Augustus was born at Gonesse in the Val-d'Oise, the son of Louis VII and his third wife, Adela of Champagne...
captured the castle of Aumale
Aumale
Aumale is a commune in the Seine-Maritime department in the Haute-Normandie region in north-western France.-Geography:A village of farming and associated light industry, situated in the valley of the Bresle River of the Norman Pays de Bray in Normandy on the border with Picardie. It is around ...
, and granted the title of "Count of Aumale" to Renaud de Dammartin
Renaud de Dammartin
Renaud de Dammartin was Count of Boulogne from 1190, Count of Dammartin from 1200 to 1214 and Count of Aumale from 1204 to 1214. He was son of Alberic II of Dammartin, and Mathilde of Clermont....
. However, despite Philip's conquest of Aumale (and, subsequently, the remainder of Normandy
Normandy
Normandy is a geographical region corresponding to the former Duchy of Normandy. It is in France.The continental territory covers 30,627 km² and forms the preponderant part of Normandy and roughly 5% of the territory of France. It is divided for administrative purposes into two régions:...
), the kings of England continued to claim the Duchy of Normandy, and to recognize the old line of Counts or Earls of Aumale. These were:
- see above for Counts before 1196
- Hawise of AumaleHawise of AumaleHawise, countess of Aumale was the daughter and heiress of William "the Fat" , Count of Aumale and Cicely, daughter and co-heiress of William fitz Duncan. She became countess of Essex as well by her marriage to the third earl of Essex, William de Mandeville.Hawise was countess in her own right...
, 2nd Countess of Aumale (d. 1214), married, bef. 1196:- Baldwin de Béthune (d. 1212), Count of Aumale jure uxoris
- William II de Forz, 3rd Earl of Albemarle (d. 1242), son of the 2nd Countess by her second husband William I de Forz
- William III de Forz, 4th Earl of Albemarle (d. 1260), son of the 3rd Earl
- Thomas de Forz, 5th Earl of Albemarle (d. 1269), son of the 4th Earl
- Aveline de Forz, Countess of Albemarle (d. 1274), daughter of the 4th Earl
Aveline married Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster
Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster
Edmund of Crouchback, 1st Earl of Leicester and Lancaster , was the second surviving son of King Henry III of England and Eleanor of Provence. In his childhood he had a claim on the Kingdom of Sicily. His nickname refers to his participation in the Ninth Crusade.-Childhood:Edmund was born in London...
in 1269, but died without issue in 1274. A claim upon the inheritance by John de Eston (de Ashton) was settled in 1278 with the surrender of the title to the Crown.
Dukes of Aumale, first Creation (1385)
- also: Duke of GloucesterDuke of GloucesterDuke of Gloucester is a British royal title , often conferred on one of the sons of the reigning monarch. The first four creations were in the Peerage of England, the next in the Peerage of Great Britain, and the last in the Peerage of the United Kingdom; this current creation carries with it the...
(1385–1397), Earl of EssexEarl of EssexEarl of Essex is a title that has been held by several families and individuals. The earldom was first created in the 12th century for Geoffrey II de Mandeville . Upon the death of the third earl in 1189, the title became dormant or extinct...
(1376–1397), Earl of BuckinghamEarl of BuckinghamThe peerage title Earl of Buckingham was created several times in the Peerage of England.It was first created in 1097 for Walter Giffard, but became extinct in 1164 with the death of the second earl. It may have been created again in 1164 for Richard de Clare , who died without issue in 1176...
(1377)- Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of GloucesterThomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of GloucesterThomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester, 1st Earl of Buckingham, 1st Earl of Essex, Duke of Aumale, KG was the thirteenth and youngest child of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault...
(d. 1397), fifth son of Edward IIIEdward III of EnglandEdward III was King of England from 1327 until his death and is noted for his military success. Restoring royal authority after the disastrous reign of his father, Edward II, Edward III went on to transform the Kingdom of England into one of the most formidable military powers in Europe...
, was created Duke of Aumale by writ of summons on 3 September 1385, but was also made Duke of Gloucester very soon after, and seems never to have used the former title. It was almost certainly forfeit upon his murder while awaiting trial for treason.
- Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester
Dukes of Aumale, second Creation (1397)
- also: Duke of YorkDuke of YorkThe Duke of York is a title of nobility in the British peerage. Since the 15th century, it has, when granted, usually been given to the second son of the British monarch. The title has been created a remarkable eleven times, eight as "Duke of York" and three as the double-barreled "Duke of York and...
(1385), Earl of CambridgeEarl of CambridgeThe title of Earl of Cambridge was created several times in the Peerage of England, and since 1362 the title has been closely associated with the Royal Family ....
(1362–1414), Earl of Rutland (1390–1402), Earl of CorkEarl of CorkEarl of the County of Cork, usually shortened to Earl of Cork, is a title in the Peerage of Ireland. It was created in 1620 for the Anglo-Irish politician Richard Boyle, 1st Baron Boyle...
(c. 1396)- Edward of Norwich, 1st Earl of RutlandEdward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of YorkSir Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of York, 2nd Earl of Cambridge, Earl of Rutland, Earl of Cork, Duke of Aumale KG was a member of the English royal family who died at the Battle of Agincourt....
(d. 1415), first son of Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of YorkEdmund of Langley, 1st Duke of YorkEdmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York, 1st Earl of Cambridge, KG was a younger son of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault, the fourth of the five sons who lived to adulthood, of this Royal couple. Like so many medieval princes, Edmund gained his identifying nickname from his...
(himself fourth son of Edward IIIEdward III of EnglandEdward III was King of England from 1327 until his death and is noted for his military success. Restoring royal authority after the disastrous reign of his father, Edward II, Edward III went on to transform the Kingdom of England into one of the most formidable military powers in Europe...
), was created Duke of Aumale shortly after Woodstock's murder, but was deprived of the title by Henry IV BolingbrokeHenry IV of EnglandHenry IV was King of England and Lord of Ireland . He was the ninth King of England of the House of Plantagenet and also asserted his grandfather's claim to the title King of France. He was born at Bolingbroke Castle in Lincolnshire, hence his other name, Henry Bolingbroke...
in 1399.
- Edward of Norwich, 1st Earl of Rutland
Earls of Aumale (1412)
- also: Duke of ClarenceDuke of ClarenceDuke of Clarence is a title which has been traditionally awarded to junior members of the English and British Royal families. The first three creations were in the Peerage of England, the fourth in the Peerage of Great Britain, and the fifth in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.The title was first...
(1412)- Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of ClarenceThomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of ClarenceThomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, KG , also known as Thomas Plantagenet, was the second son of King Henry IV of England and his first wife, Mary de Bohun. He was born before 25 November 1387 as on that date his father's accounts note a payment made to a woman described as his nurse...
(1387–1421), second son of Henry IV BolingbrokeHenry IV of EnglandHenry IV was King of England and Lord of Ireland . He was the ninth King of England of the House of Plantagenet and also asserted his grandfather's claim to the title King of France. He was born at Bolingbroke Castle in Lincolnshire, hence his other name, Henry Bolingbroke...
, was created Earl of Aumale along with his dukedom of Clarence, and carried both titles until his death without issue.
- Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence
Counts of Aumale (1422)
- also: Earl of WarwickEarl of WarwickEarl of Warwick is a title that has been created four times in British history and is one of the most prestigious titles in the peerages of the British Isles.-1088 creation:...
(1088)- Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of WarwickRichard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of WarwickRichard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick, Count of Aumale, KG was an English medieval nobleman and military commander.-Early Life:...
(1382–1439), military commander under Henry VHenry V of EnglandHenry V was King of England from 1413 until his death at the age of 35 in 1422. He was the second monarch belonging to the House of Lancaster....
in France, was created Earl of Aumale for life only.
- Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick
In further creations in the English peerage after the Hundred Years' War, Aumale was spelled in the Latinised form Albemarle. For these, see Duke of Albemarle
Duke of Albemarle
The Dukedom of Albemarle has been created twice in the Peerage of England, each time ending in extinction. Additionally, the title was created a third time by James II in exile and a fourth time by his son the Old Pretender, in the Jacobite Peerage. The name is the Latinised form of the ancient...
and Earl of Albemarle
Earl of Albemarle
Earl of Albemarle is a title created several times from Norman times onwards. The word Albemarle is the Latinised form of the French county of Aumale in Normandy , other forms being Aubemarle and Aumerle...
.