List of campaigns of the Communist Party of China

This is a list of campaigns of the Communist Party of China
Communist Party of China
The Communist Party of China , also known as the Chinese Communist Party , is the founding and ruling political party of the People's Republic of China...

since the founding of the party in 1921.

Year	Campaign	Native names (Simplified Chars / Traditional Chars)	Descriptions
1930-1931	Anti-Bolshevik League incident Anti-Bolshevik League incident The Anti-Bolshevik League incident, or AB League Incident , was a period of political purge in the territory of a Chinese Communist revolutionary bases in Jiangxi province. Mao Zedong accused his political rivals of belonging to the Kuomintang intelligence agency "Anti-Bolshevik League"...	打AB团 / 打AB團	A political purge in Communist Party bases in Jiangxi province, during which Mao Zedong Mao Zedong Mao Zedong, also transliterated as Mao Tse-tung , and commonly referred to as Chairman Mao , was a Chinese Communist revolutionary, guerrilla warfare strategist, Marxist political philosopher, and leader of the Chinese Revolution... accused rivals of belonging to the Kuomintang Kuomintang The Kuomintang of China , sometimes romanized as Guomindang via the Pinyin transcription system or GMD for short, and translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party is a founding and ruling political party of the Republic of China . Its guiding ideology is the Three Principles of the People, espoused... intelligence agency "Anti-Bolshevik League." The campaign resulted in the trial and execution of large numbers of Red Army officers and soldiers.
1937	Anti-Trotsykist Campaign	肃清托派 / 肅清托派
1941 - 1945	Yan'an Rectification Movement	延安整风 / 延安整風	An ideological rectification campaign that took place at the Communist Party base in Yan'an, following completion of the Long March Long March The Long March was a massive military retreat undertaken by the Red Army of the Communist Party of China, the forerunner of the People's Liberation Army, to evade the pursuit of the Kuomintang army. There was not one Long March, but a series of marches, as various Communist armies in the south... . Through the campaign, Mao consolidated his role as the Communist Party's paramount leader, and established Marxist-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought as the Party's guiding ideologies.The campaign was notable for its role in unifying and strengthening the Communist Party, as well as for the methods of Soviet-inspired thought reform Thought reform in the People's Republic of China Thought reform in the People's Republic of China was a campaign of the Communist Party of China is to reform the thinking of Chinese citizens into accepting Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought from 1951–1952... it helped standardize, including the use of self-criticism and "struggle." An estimated 10,000 are believed to have been killed during the rectification movement.
1947 - 1952	Land reform	土地改革 / 土地改革	The first of many land reform Land reform [Image:Jakarta farmers protest23.jpg\|300px\|thumb\|right\|Farmers protesting for Land Reform in Indonesia]Land reform involves the changing of laws, regulations or customs regarding land ownership. Land reform may consist of a government-initiated or government-backed property redistribution,... campaigns, it saw the land in rural China forcibly taken from landlords and redistributed among peasants. The campaign was notable in that, unlike under Soviet practice wherein the security apparatus redistributed land and punished landlords, the people themselves were encouraged to overthrow and kill landlords. The land reform campaign increased the Communist Party's popularity among Chinese peasants, and resulted in approximately 1 million - 4.5 million deaths.
1950 - 1953	Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries	镇反 / 鎮反	The first political campaign launched after the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries aimed to consolidate Communist Party authority and suppress residual opposition, including former Kuomintang Kuomintang The Kuomintang of China , sometimes romanized as Guomindang via the Pinyin transcription system or GMD for short, and translated as the Chinese Nationalist Party is a founding and ruling political party of the Republic of China . Its guiding ideology is the Three Principles of the People, espoused... supporters and functionaries, businessmen, and intellectuals. Those accused of being counterrevolutionaries were denounced in mass trials; many were sentenced to forced labor or condemned to be executed. Between 700,000 and 2 million are estimated to have been killed in the campaign.
1950 - 1955	New Marriage Law New Marriage Law The New Marriage Law was a civil marriage law passed in the People's Republic of China on May 1, 1950. It was a radical change from existing patriarchal Chinese marriage traditions, and needed constant support from propaganda campaigns...	新婚姻法 / 新婚姻法	A marriage law mandating that marriages be registered through state institutions, and raising the marriageable age to 20 for males and 18 for females.
1951 - 1952	Three-Anti/Five-Anti campaigns Three-anti/five-anti campaigns The Three-anti Campaign and Five-anti Campaign were reform movements originally issued by Mao Zedong a few years after the founding of the People's Republic of China in an effort to rid Chinese cities of corruption and enemies of the state...	三反五反 / 三反五反	The Three-Anti (1951) and Five-Anti campaigns (1952) were urban reform movements targeting capitalists and business owners. They ostensibly aimed to root out corruption, embezzlement, waste, though they also served to purge opposition to the new Communist government.
1951 - 1953	Withdraw from the sects movements	退道运动 / 退道運動	A campaign to denounce and suppress secret societies and religious organizations that were viewed as a potential threat to the CCP's authority
1953	New Three-Anti Campaign	新三反 / 新三反
1955	Sufan movement	肃反 / 肅反	A political purge of "hidden counterrevolutionaries," including intellectuals, particularly within the military and political establishment. The People's Daily announced that 10 percent of Communist Party members were secretly traitors. Estimates vary on the number of individuals affected. On the conservative end, one source says 81,000 individuals were arrested, while another says 770,000 were killed in the campaign.
1956 - 1957	Hundred Flowers Campaign Hundred Flowers Campaign The Hundred Flowers Campaign, also termed the Hundred Flowers Movement, refers mainly to a brief six weeks in the People's Republic of China in the early summer of 1957 during which the Communist Party of China encouraged a variety of views and solutions to national policy issues, launched...	百花运动 / 百花運動	The Hundred Flowers Campaign was a brief period in which intellectuals and others were encouraged to offer diverse views and criticisms on matters of national policy under the slogan "letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend." When the criticism began targeting Mao Zedong and Communist rule, the movement was suppressed, and many of its participants were punished. The ideological crackdown following the campaign's failure re-imposed Maoist orthodoxy in public expression, and catalyzed the Anti-Rightist Movement Anti-Rightist Movement The Anti-Rightist Movement of the People's Republic of China in the 1950s and early 1960s consisted of a series of campaigns to purge alleged "rightists" within the Communist Party of China and abroad... .
1957	Party Rectification
1957 - 1959	Anti-Rightist Movement Anti-Rightist Movement The Anti-Rightist Movement of the People's Republic of China in the 1950s and early 1960s consisted of a series of campaigns to purge alleged "rightists" within the Communist Party of China and abroad...	反右派运动 / 反右派運動	The Anti-Rightist movement emerged in response to the Hundred Flowers Campaign, and constituted an effort to identify and purge alleged "rightists" and critics of Communist Party policies. The movement occurred in two waves, from 1957 - 1959, and saw the political persecution of an estimated 400,000 - 700,000 people. Intellectuals were a particular target of the campaign, and an estimated 10 percent of intellectuals, engineers and technicians were labeled rightists in the campaign. Those afflicted with the label were subject to social exclusion, criticism and repentance sessions, or were sent to prisons or camps as punishment.
1958 - 1960	Great Leap Forward Great Leap Forward The Great Leap Forward of the People's Republic of China was an economic and social campaign of the Communist Party of China , reflected in planning decisions from 1958 to 1961, which aimed to use China's vast population to rapidly transform the country from an agrarian economy into a modern...	大跃进 / 大躍進	The Great Leap Forward was campaign initiated by Mao Zedong whose aim was to rapidly transform China into a modern communist society through the process of agriculturalization, industrialization, and collectivization of land. Private farming was prohibited, and those engaged in it were labeled as counter revolutionaries and persecuted. Although intended to increase China's economic output, the Great Leap Forward was instead a period of economic regression. The policies enacted during the campaign, coupled with the use of coercion and violence, resulted in the Great Chinese Famine and led to the deaths of 36 - 45 million.
1958 - 1962	Four Pests Campaign Great sparrow campaign thumb\|right\|250px\|At the direction of [[Mao Zedong\|Chairman Mao]], sparrows were killed by the peasants, causing a major [[ecological]] imbalance in the environment...	消灭麻雀运动 / 消滅麻雀運動	A mass mobilization effort to eradicate rats, flies, mosquitoes, and sparrows. The extermination of the latter upset the ecological balance, and enabled the proliferation of locust, resulting in severe crop damage.
1961	Reeducation of Party Members
1963 - 1966	Socialist Education Movement Socialist Education Movement The Socialist Education Movement , also known as the Four Cleanups Movement was a movement launched by Mao Zedong in 1963 in the People's Republic of China...	社会主义教育运动 / 社會主義教育運動	Also called the "four clean-ups" campaign, the Socialist Education Movement sought to cleanse the bureaucracy of "reactionary" elements, particularly in political, economic, organizational and ideological fields. Part of the campaign involved sending members of the government and intellectuals to the countryside to learn from peasants.
1963	Learn from Comrade Lei Feng	向雷锋同志学习 / 向雷鋒同志學習	A propaganda campaign encouraging imitation of Lei Feng, a young People's Liberation Army People's Liberation Army The People's Liberation Army is the unified military organization of all land, sea, strategic missile and air forces of the People's Republic of China. The PLA was established on August 1, 1927 — celebrated annually as "PLA Day" — as the military arm of the Communist Party of China... Soldier who died at age 22. Lei Feng was held up as an example of communist ideals, including a strong work ethic, self-sacrificing nature, and unquestioning dedication to Mao Zedong and the socialist cause.
1964	Party Rectification
1966 - 1976	Cultural Revolution Cultural Revolution The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, commonly known as the Cultural Revolution , was a socio-political movement that took place in the People's Republic of China from 1966 through 1976...	文革 / 文革
1966	Destruction of Four Olds Four Olds The Four Olds or the Four Old Things were Old Customs, Old Culture, Old Habits, and Old Ideas. One of the stated goals of the Cultural Revolution in the People's Republic of China was to bring an end to the Four Olds...	破四旧 / 破四舊	The Destruction of the Four Olds was among the first major initiatives of the Cultural Revolution. Mao Zedong Mao Zedong Mao Zedong, also transliterated as Mao Tse-tung , and commonly referred to as Chairman Mao , was a Chinese Communist revolutionary, guerrilla warfare strategist, Marxist political philosopher, and leader of the Chinese Revolution... called for the "Four Olds"—Old Customs, Old Culture, Old Habits, and Old Ideas— to be destroyed. The task fell largely on Red Guards Red Guards (China) Red Guards were a mass movement of civilians, mostly students and other young people in the People's Republic of China , who were mobilized by Mao Zedong in 1966 and 1967, during the Cultural Revolution.-Origins:... , who heeded Mao's call to burn and destroy cultural artifacts, Chinese literature, paintings, and religious symbols and temples. People in possession of these goods were punished. Intellectual Intellectual An intellectual is a person who uses intelligence and critical or analytical reasoning in either a professional or a personal capacity.- Terminology and endeavours :"Intellectual" can denote four types of persons:... s were targeted as personifications of the Four Olds, resulting in their persecution.
1967	Cleansing the Class Ranks
1969	Party Rectification
1968 - 1978	Down to the Countryside Movement Down to the Countryside Movement The Down to the Countryside Movement was a policy instituted in the People's Republic of China in the late 1960s and early 1970s. As a result of the anti-bourgeois thinking prevalent during the Cultural Revolution, Mao Zedong declared certain privileged urban youth would be sent to mountainous...	上山下乡，接受贫下中农再教育 / 上山下鄉，接受貧下中農再教育	Partly in an effort to curb the chaos of the Cultural Revolution and dissolve the Red Guards Red Guards (China) Red Guards were a mass movement of civilians, mostly students and other young people in the People's Republic of China , who were mobilized by Mao Zedong in 1966 and 1967, during the Cultural Revolution.-Origins:... , Mao initiated a campaign to send urban youth to remote rural areas to "learn from the peasants." The campaign, which spanned from the late 1960s well into the 1970s, produced a "lost generation" in China, as the sent-down youth were denied the opportunity to pursue advanced education.
1970 - 1972	One Strike-Three Anti	一打三反 / 一打三反	A campaign to crack down on "counterrevolutionaries" under the pretext of combatting the "three-antis" of graft and embezzlement, profiteering, and extravagance and waste. Official estimates state that in the first ten months of the campaign, 280,000 'counterrevolutionaries' were arrested.
1973 - 1975	Criticize Lin, Criticize Confucius	批林批孔运动 / 批林批孔運動	A campaign launched in 1973 that linked previous attacks against the late Lin Biao Lin Biao Lin Biao was a major Chinese Communist military leader who was pivotal in the communist victory in the Chinese Civil War, especially in Northeastern China... to criticisms of Confucianism. The campaign involved allegorical references wherein Mao and the Gang of Four were represented Qin Shihuangdi and the Legalist tradition, and Zhou Enlai Zhou Enlai Zhou Enlai was the first Premier of the People's Republic of China, serving from October 1949 until his death in January 1976... was taken to represent the reactionary forces of Confucianism. The campaign served to indirectly criticize Zhou Enlai, while giving support to the Gang of Four.
1975 - 1977	Repulse Right-Deviationist-Verdict-Reversal movement	反击右倾翻案风 / 反击右傾翻案風	Gang of four Gang of Four The Gang of Four was the name given to a political faction composed of four Chinese Communist Party officials. They came to prominence during the Cultural Revolution and were subsequently charged with a series of treasonous crimes... used it to attack Deng Xiaoping Deng Xiaoping Deng Xiaoping was a Chinese politician, statesman, and diplomat. As leader of the Communist Party of China, Deng was a reformer who led China towards a market economy...
1976	Campaign to denounce the Gang of Four Gang of Four The Gang of Four was the name given to a political faction composed of four Chinese Communist Party officials. They came to prominence during the Cultural Revolution and were subsequently charged with a series of treasonous crimes...		In the immediate aftermath of Mao Zedong's death, the "Gang of Four" — composed of Jiang Qing, Zhang Chunqiao, Yao Wenyuan, and Wang Hongwen—were denounced as counterrevolutionaries. As all four had held prominent positions in Mao's government, they were blamed for the worst excesses of the Cultural Revolution, and prosecuted in 1981.
1982	Anti-Corruption, Anti-Economic Crimes
1983 - 1984	Anti-Spiritual Pollution Campaign Anti-Spiritual Pollution Campaign The Anti-Spiritual Pollution Campaign was a Chinese political campaign spanning from October 1983 to December 1983, started by political factions in the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party that feared the spreading of Western liberal ideas among the Chinese populace, a product of the then...	清除精神污染 / 清除精神污染	The anti-spiritual pollution campaign was propelled by conservative factions of the Communist Party of China, notably Deng Liqin, in the fall of 1983. The campaign was part of a backlash against growing intellectual discourse promoting humanism and civil rights and other manifestations of "bourgeois liberalism."
1983 - 1987	Party Rectification
1986 - 1992	Anti-Bourgeois Liberalization
1989 - 2000	Anti-Corruption Drive
1996	Grasping the large, letting go of the small	抓大放小 / 抓大放小	Economic campaign
1998-2000	"Three Stresses" party rectification	三讲	Launched by Jiang Zemin in late 1998, the "Three Stresses" campaign was an ideological rectification among Communist Party members that asked them to stress study, politics, and righteousness (jiang xuexi, jiang zhengzhi, jiang zhengqi). The campaign was part of an effort to reconcile market reforms with socialist philosophy. In the course of the campaign, some high-ranking Communist Party officials were prosecuted on corruption charges.
1999-Present	Campaign against Falun Gong Persecution of Falun Gong The persecution of Falun Gong refers to the campaign initiated by the Chinese Communist Party against practitioners of Falun Gong since July 1999, aimed at eliminating the practice in the People's Republic of China...	取缔法轮功 / 取締法輪功	Campaign to eradicate the Falun Gong Falun Gong Falun Gong is a spiritual discipline first introduced in China in 1992 by its founder, Li Hongzhi, through public lectures. It combines the practice of meditation and slow-moving qigong exercises with the moral philosophy... , a qigong-based spiritual practice believed to have had 70 million practitioners in 1999. The campaign involves the use of propaganda, extra-judicial imprisonment, and coercive "reeducation" of Falun Gong adherents. At least two thousand are believed to have been tortured to death, and hundreds of thousands imprisoned.
2005	Campaign to Maintain the Advanced Nature of Communist Party Members Campaign to Maintain the Advanced Nature of Communist Party Members The Campaign to Maintain the Advanced Nature of Communist Party Members is a political rectification campaign launched under the leadership of Hu Jintao...	保持共产党员先进性教育 / 保持共產黨員先進性教育	Ideological rectification campaign designed to strengthen Party members' knowledge of Marxism, fight corruption, and guard against social contradictions that threaten the ruling status of the Communist Party. Following the campaign's official launch in January 2005, millions of Party members were made to attend education and self-criticism sessions.
2006	Eight Honors and Eight Shames	八荣八耻 / 八榮八恥	A moral code introduced by Hu Jintao Hu Jintao Hu Jintao is the current Paramount Leader of the People's Republic of China. He has held the titles of General Secretary of the Communist Party of China since 2002, President of the People's Republic of China since 2003, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission since 2004, succeeding Jiang... intended to "measure the work, conduct, and attitude" of Communist Party members.
2009	6521 Project 6521 Project The 6521 Project, sometimes called the "6521 Group," was the moniker given to a nationwide operation initiated by the Communist Party of China in 2009 to ensure “social stability” by cracking down on potential dissidents during anniversaries of political significance...		A nationwide operation helmed by Xi Jinping Xi Jinping Xi Jinping is a high ranking politician of the People's Republic of China. He currently serves as the top-ranking member of the Secretariat of the Communist Party of China, the country's Vice President, Vice-Chairman of the Central Military Commission, President of the Central Party School and the... and Zhou Yongkang Zhou Yongkang Zhou Yongkang is a senior leader of the Communist Party of China who is currently serving as the 9th ranked member of the powerful Politburo Standing Committee, and the head of the Central Political and Legislative Committee, an organ directing central government legal policy and the legislative... to ensure “social stability” by suppressing potential dissidents during anniversaries of political significance. The campaign’s name refers to the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the 50th anniversary of the 1959 Tibetan uprising 1959 Tibetan uprising The 1959 Tibetan uprising, or 1959 Tibetan Rebellion began on 10 March 1959, when a revolt erupted in Lhasa, the capital of Tibet, which had been under the effective control of the Communist Party of China since the Seventeen Point Agreement in 1951... , the 20th anniversary of the Tiananmen Square protests Tiananmen Square protests Tiananmen Square in Beijing has been the central point for several major historical protests, with their most commonly referred to Chinese name in parentheses.... , and the 10th anniversary of the persecution of Falun Gong Persecution of Falun Gong The persecution of Falun Gong refers to the campaign initiated by the Chinese Communist Party against practitioners of Falun Gong since July 1999, aimed at eliminating the practice in the People's Republic of China... .

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