Secretaries of the Universal Bureau

First Secretaries of State

Name	From	Until	Head of State
José de Patiño y Rosales	21 November 1734	26 November 1734	King Philip V Philip V of Spain Philip V was King of Spain from 15 November 1700 to 15 January 1724, when he abdicated in favor of his son Louis, and from 6 September 1724, when he assumed the throne again upon his son's death, to his death.Before his reign, Philip occupied an exalted place in the royal family of France as a...
Sebastián de la Cuadra y Llerena Sebastián de la Cuadra, 1st Marquis of Villarías Sebastián de la Cuadra y Llarena, 1st Marquis of Villarías was a Spanish Statesman. He served as Chief Minister during between 1734 and 1746 during the reign of Phillip V of Spain.... 1st Marquis of Villarías	26 November 1734	4 December 1746
José de Carvajal y Lancaster José de Carvajal y Lancáster José de Carvajal y Lancáster was a Spanish statesman.He was son of the duke of Linares and his mother was descendant of Jorge de Lancastre, a natural son of King John II of Portugal. After graduating at the University of Salamanca, he was appointed oidor of the Chancillería of Valladolid and...	4 December 1746	9 April 1754	King Ferdinand VI Ferdinand VI of Spain Ferdinand VI , called the Learnt, was King of Spain from 9 July 1746 until his death. He was the fourth son of the previous monarch Philip V and his first wife Maria Luisa of Savoy...
Fernando de Silva Mendoza y Toledo Fernando de Silva, 12th Duke of Alba Fernando de Silva Mendoza y Toledo, 12th Duke of Alba, Grandee of Spain , was a Spanish politician and general.-Biography:... Duke of Hueścar	9 April 1754	15 May 1754
Ricardo Wall y Devreux	15 May 1754	10 August 1759
	10 August 1759	9 October 1763	King Charles III Charles III of Spain Charles III was the King of Spain and the Spanish Indies from 1759 to 1788. He was the eldest son of Philip V of Spain and his second wife, the Princess Elisabeth Farnese...
Pablo Jerónimo de Grimaldi y Pallavicini Jerónimo Grimaldi Pablo Jerónimo Grimaldi y Pallavicini, marqués y duque de Grimaldi was an Italian-Spanish diplomat and politician... Marquis of Grimaldi	9 October 1763	19 February 1777
José Moñino y Redondo José Moñino y Redondo, conde de Floridablanca José Moñino y Redondo, Count of Floridablanca , Spanish statesman. He was the reformist chief minister of King Charles III of Spain, and also served briefly under Charles IV. He was arguably Spain's most effective statesman in the eighteenth century... Count of Floridablanca	19 February 1777	14 December 1788
	14 December 1788	28 February 1792	King Charles IV Charles IV of Spain Charles IV was King of Spain from 14 December 1788 until his abdication on 19 March 1808.-Early life:...
Pedro Pablo Abarca de Bolea y Ximénez de Urrea Count of Aranda Acting	28 February 1792	15 November 1792
Manuel de Godoy y Álvarez de Faria Manuel de Godoy Don Manuel Francisco Domingo de Godoy y Álvarez de Faria, de los Ríos y Sánchez-Zarzosa, also Manuel de Godoy y Álvarez de Faria de los Ríos Sánchez Zarzosa , was Prime Minister of Spain from 1792 to 1797 and from 1801 to 1808... Duke of Alcudia	15 November 1792	28 March 1798
Francisco de Saavedra y Sangronis Acting until 6 September 1798	30 March 1798	21 February 1799
Mariano Luis de Urquijo y Muga Acting	12 February 1799	13 December 1799
Pedro Cevallos Guerra 1st time	13 December 1799	3 March 1808
Gonzalo O'Farrill y Herrera Gonzalo O'Farrill y Herrera Gonzalo O´Farrill y Herrera, , the son of a certain "O´Farrill y Arriola", from Irish descent, high Spanish Administrative in La Habana, Cuba... Acting	3 March 1808	19 March 1808
Pedro Cevallos Guerra 2nd time	19 March 1808	7 July 1808	King Ferdinand VII
Mariano Luis de Urquijo y Muga 2nd time	7 July 1808	27 June 1813	King Joseph I
Juan O'Donoju O'Ryan Acting	10 October 1813	17 October 1813
Fernando de Laserna Acting	17 October 1813	3 December 1813
José Luyando Acting	3 December 1813	4 May 1814	King Ferdinand VII
José Miguel de Carvajal Vargas y Manrique Duke of San Carlos	4 May 1814	15 November 1814
Pedro Cevallos Guerra 3rd time	15 November 1814	24 January 1816
Juan Esteban Lozano de Torres	24 January 1816	26 January 1816
Pedro Cevallos Guerra 4th time	26 January 1816	30 October 1816
José García de León y Pizarro José García de León y Pizarro José García de León y Pizarro, born in Santa Cruz de Marquis, Nueva Granada, Ecuador, was Minister of State of Spain from October 30, 1816 to September 14, 1818. He married Maria Mercedes Avila and had a son Rafael Garcia.He died by decapitation....	30 October 1816	14 September 1818
Carlos Martínez de Irujo y Tacón Carlos Martínez de Irujo y Tacón Don Carlos Martínez de Irujo y Tacón , from 1803 known as Marqués de Casa Irujo, was a Spanish diplomat, Knight of the Order of Carlos III and public official.... Marquis of Casa Irujo Acting	14 September 1818	12 June 1819
Manuel González Salmón y Gómez de Torres Acting	12 June 1819	12 September 1819
Joaquín José Melgarejo y Saurín Duke of San Fernando de Quiroga	12 September 1819	18 March 1820
Juan Jabat Aztal Acting	18 March 1820
Evaristo Pérez de Castro Brito	18 March 1820	2 March 1821
Joaquín Anduaga Cuenca Acting	2 March 1821	23 April 1821
Francisco de Paula Escudero Acting	23 April 1821
Eusebio Bardají y Azara	23 April 1821	8 January 1822
Ramón López Pelegrín Acting	8 January 1822	24 January 1822
José Gabriel de Silva y Bazán Marquis of Santa Cruz	24 January 1822	30 January 1822
Ramón López Pelegrín Acting	30 January 1822	28 February 1822
Francisco Martínez de la Rosa	28 February 1822	5 August 1822
Evaristo Fernández San Miguel y Valledor Acting from 28 February 1822	5 August 1822	25 April 1823
José Manuel Vadillo Acting	25 April 1823	7 May 1823
Santiago Usoz y Mozi Acting	7 May 1823	13 May 1823
José María Pando de la Riva y Ramírez de Laredo	13 May 1823	29 August 1823
Luis María de Salazar y Salazar Acting	29 August 1823	4 September 1823
Juan Antonio Yandiola Garay Acting	4 September 1823	6 September 1823
José Luyando 2nd time	6 September 1823	1 October 1823
Víctor Damián Sáez y Sánchez-Mayor Acting until 7 August 1823 Counter-government until 1 October 1823	25 April 1823	2 December 1823
Carlos Martínez de Irujo y Tacón Carlos Martínez de Irujo y Tacón Don Carlos Martínez de Irujo y Tacón , from 1803 known as Marqués de Casa Irujo, was a Spanish diplomat, Knight of the Order of Carlos III and public official.... Marquis of Casa Irujo 2nd Time	2 December 1823	18 January 1824
Narciso de Heredia y Begines de los Ríos, conde de OfaliaNarciso de Heredia y Begines de los Ríos Count of Ofalia	18 January 1824	11 July 1824
Luis María de Salazar y Salazar Acting	11 July 1824
Francisco Cea Bermúdez 1st time	11 July 1824	24 October 1825
Pedro Alcántara de Toledo y Salm-Salm Duke of Infantado	24 October 1825	19 August 1826
Manuel González Salmón y Gómez de Torres Acting until 15 October 1830	19 August 1826	20 January 1832
Francisco Tadeo Calomarde y Arria Francisco Tadeo Calomarde y Arría Francisco Tadeo Calomarde y Arría was a Spanish statesman.-Biography:Calomarde was born in Villel, Aragon, to poor parents.... Acting	20 January 1832	22 February 1832
Antonio de Saavedra y Frígola, conde de Alcudia Acting	22 February 1832	1 October 1832
José Cafranga Costilla Acting	1 October 1832	29 November 1832
Francisco Cea Bermúdez 2nd time	29 November 1832	15 January 1834

Prime Ministers (Presidents of the Council of Ministers)

Picture	Name	From	Until	Political Party	Head of State (Term)
	Francisco Martínez de la Rosa	15 January 1834	7 June 1835	Moderate Royalist	Queen Dowager Maria Christina Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies was Queen consort of Spain and Regent of Spain .-Early years and first marriage:... Regent for Queen Isabella II Isabella II of Spain Isabella II was the only female monarch of Spain in modern times. She came to the throne as an infant, but her succession was disputed by the Carlists, who refused to recognise a female sovereign, leading to the Carlist Wars. After a troubled reign, she was deposed in the Glorious Revolution of... (1833–1840)
	José María Queipo de Llano Ruiz de Saravia José María Queipo de Llano Ruiz de Saravia, 7th Count of Toreno Don José María Queipo de Llano y Ruiz de Saravia, 7th Count of Toreno, , was a nineteenth-century Spanish politician and historian. In Spain he is simply known as Conde de Toreno.... Count of Toreno	7 June 1835	14 September 1835
	Miguel Ricardo de Álava Esquivel Rejected his nomination, staying as the Spanish ambassador in London	14 September 1835	25 September 1835	Progressive
	Juan Álvarez Mendizabal Juan Álvarez Mendizábal Juan Álvarez Mendizábal, born Juan Álvarez Méndez , was a Spanish economist and politician....	25 September 1835	15 May 1836
	Francisco Javier Isturiz y Montero Acting, 1st time	15 May 1836	14 August 1836	Moderate
	José María Calatrava José María Calatrava y Peinado José María Calatrava y Peinado was a Spanish politician who served as Prime Minister of Spain and Minister of State between 1836 and 1837.... Acting	14 August 1836	18 August 1837	Progressive
	Baldomero Espartero Count of Luchana 1st time	18 August 1837	18 October 1837
	Eusebio Bardají y Azara	18 October 1837	16 December 1837	Moderate
	Narciso de Heredia y Begines de los Ríos Count of Ofalia	16 December 1837	6 September 1838
	Bernardino Fernández de Velasco, 14th Duke of Frías Bernardino Fernández de Velasco, 14th Duke of Frías Don Bernardino Fernández de Velasco-Pacheco y Benavides, 14th Duke of Frías, Grandee of Spain, KOGF was a Spanish noble, politician, diplomat and writer who served in 1838 as Prime Minister of Spain...	6 September 1838	9 December 1838
	Isidro de Alaix Fábregas Isidro de Alaix Fábregas Isidro de Alaix Fábregas, Count of Vergara and Viscount of Villarrobledo, was a Spanish general of the First Carlist War, supporting the cause of the Liberals, who backed Isabella II of Spain and her regent mother Maria Christina... Acting	9 December 1838
	Evaristo Pérez de Castro Brito	9 December 1838	18 July 1840
	Antonio González y González 1st time	20 July 1840	12 August 1840	Progressive
	Valentín Ferraz y Barrau Valentín Ferraz y Barrau Valentín Ferraz y Barrau was a Spanish military and politician. After fighting in the Peninsular War and in the Peruvian War of Independence, Valentín merged himself in politics, serving as Prime Minister of Spain in 1840 and holding other important offices such as Mayor of Madrid....	12 August 1840	28 August 1840
	Modesto Cortázar Acting	29 August 1840	11 September 1840	Moderate
	Vicente Sancho	11 September 1840	16 September 1840
	Baldomero Espartero Duke of Victory 2nd time	16 September 1840	10 May 1841	Progressive	Baldomero Espartero Regent for Queen Isabella II Isabella II of Spain Isabella II was the only female monarch of Spain in modern times. She came to the throne as an infant, but her succession was disputed by the Carlists, who refused to recognise a female sovereign, leading to the Carlist Wars. After a troubled reign, she was deposed in the Glorious Revolution of... (1840–1843)
	Joaquín María de Ferrer y Cafranga	10 May 1841	20 May 1841
	Antonio González y González 2nd time	20 May 1841	17 June 1842
	José Ramón Rodil y Campillo Marquis of Rodil	17 June 1842	9 May 1843
	Joaquín María López 1st time	9 May 1843	19 May 1843
	Álvaro Gómez Becerra	19 May 1843	23 July 1843
	Joaquín María López 2nd time	23 July 1843	20 November 1843		Queen Isabella II Isabella II of Spain Isabella II was the only female monarch of Spain in modern times. She came to the throne as an infant, but her succession was disputed by the Carlists, who refused to recognise a female sovereign, leading to the Carlist Wars. After a troubled reign, she was deposed in the Glorious Revolution of... (1833/1843–1868)
	Salustiano Olózaga	20 November 1843	5 December 1843	Moderate
	Luis González Bravo 1st time	5 December 1843	3 May 1844	Progressive
	Ramón María Narváez Duke of Valencia 1st time	3 May 1844	12 February 1846	Moderate (Década Moderada Década moderada In the history of Spain, the década moderada was the period from May 1844 to July 1854, during which the Moderate Party continuously held power.-Rise to power:... )
	Manuel Pando Fernández de Pinedo Manuel de Pando, 2nd Marquis of Miraflores Don Manuel de Pando y Fernández de Pinedo, 2nd Marquis of Miraflores Grandee of Spain and 4th Count of la Ventosa was a Spanish noble and politician, who served two times as Prime Minister of Spain and held other important political office such as Minister of State and President of the... Marquis of Miraflores 1st time	12 February 1846	16 March 1846
	Ramón María Narváez Duke of Valencia 2nd time	16 March 1846	5 April 1846
	Francisco Javier Isturiz y Montero 2nd time	5 April 1846	28 January 1847
	Carlos Martínez de Irujo Carlos Martínez de Irujo, Duke of Sotomayor Don Carlos Martínez de Irujo y McKean, 2nd Marquis of Casa Irujo, jure uxoris Duke of Sotomayor, Grandee of Spain was a Spanish noble and politician who served as Prime Minister of Spain... Marquis of Casa Irujo, Duke of Sotomayor	28 January 1847	28 March 1847
	Joaquín Francisco Pacheco y Gutiérrez Calderón	28 March 1847	31 August 1847
	José de Salamanca y Mayol José de Salamanca, 1st Count of los Llanos José de Salamanca y Mayol, 1st Marquis of Salamanca and 1st Count of los Llanos, Grandee of Spain was a Spanish noble, politician and businessman...	31 August 1847	12 September 1847
	Florencio García Goyena Florencio García Goyena Florencio García Goyena was a Spanish jurist.García Goyena studied law in Madrid and Salamanca before serving as legal counsel to the Cortes of Navarra and the governors of the provinces of Léon, Granada and Zaragoza. A liberal, he went into French exile from 1823 to 1834...	12 September 1847	4 October 1847
	Ramón María Narváez Duke of Valencia 3rd time	4 October 1847	19 October 1849
	Serafín María de Sotto, 3rd Count of Clonard Serafín María de Sotto, 3rd Count of Clonard Don Serafín María de Sotto y Abbach, 3rd Count of Clonard and 5th Marquis of la Granada was a Spanish noble, politician, writer and statesman who served as Prime Minister of Spain in 1849... Appointment revoked before he could take office	19 October 1849	20 October 1849
	Ramón María Narváez Duke of Valencia 4th time	20 October 1849	14 January 1851
	Juan Bravo Murillo Juan Bravo Murillo Juan Bravo Murillo was a Spanish politician, jurist and economist. He was president of the council of ministers of Spain from 14 January 1851 to 14 December 1852 during the reign of Isabella II.-Origins:Bravo Murillo was born in Fregenal de la Sierra on 24...	14 January 1851	14 December 1852
	Federico de Roncali, 1st Count of Alcoy Federico de Roncali, 1st Count of Alcoy Don Federico de Roncali y Ceruti, 1st Count of Alcoy was a Spanish noble, politician and military who served as Prime Minister of Spain between 1852 and 1853...	14 December 1852	14 April 1853
	Francisco de Lersundi y Hormaechea Francisco de Lersundi y Hormaechea Francisco de Lersundi y Hormaechea was a Spanish noble and politician who served as Prime Minister of Spain in 1853 and held other important offices such as Captain General of Cuba from 1866 to 1869....	14 April 1853	19 September 1853
	Luis José Sartorius Count of San Luis	19 September 1853	17 July 1854
	Fernando Fernández de Córdova 1st time	17 July 1854	18 July 1854
	Ángel de Saavedra y Ramírez de Baquedano Ángel de Saavedra, Duke of Rivas Don Ángel de Saavedra y Ramírez de Baquedano, 3rd Duke of Rivas , was a Spanish poet, dramatist and politician born in Córdoba... Duke of Rivas	18 July 1854	19 July 1854
	Baldomero Espartero Duke of Victory 3rd time	19 July 1854	14 July 1856	Progressive
	Leopoldo O'Donnell y Jorris 1st time	14 July 1856	12 October 1856	Unión Liberal
	Ramón María Narváez Duke of Valencia 5th time	12 October 1856	15 October 1857	Moderate
	Francisco Armero y Peñaranda Marquis of Nervión	15 October 1857	14 January 1858
	Francisco Javier Isturiz y Montero 3rd time	14 January 1858	30 June 1858
	Leopoldo O'Donnell y Jorris 2nd time	30 June 1858	2 March 1863	Unión Liberal
	Manuel Pando Fernández de Pinedo Manuel de Pando, 2nd Marquis of Miraflores Don Manuel de Pando y Fernández de Pinedo, 2nd Marquis of Miraflores Grandee of Spain and 4th Count of la Ventosa was a Spanish noble and politician, who served two times as Prime Minister of Spain and held other important political office such as Minister of State and President of the... Marquis of Miraflores 2nd time	2 March 1863	17 January 1864	Moderate
	Lorenzo Arrazola y García	17 January 1864	1 March 1864
	Alejandro Mon Menéndez	1 March 1864	16 September 1864	Unión Liberal
	Ramón María Narváez Duke of Valencia 6th time	16 September 1864	21 June 1865	Moderate
	Leopoldo O'Donnell y Jorris 3rd time	21 June 1865	10 July 1866	Unión Liberal
	Ramón María Narváez Duke of Valencia 7th time	10 July 1866	23 April 1868	Moderate
	Luis González Bravo 2nd time	23 April 1868	19 September 1868	Progressive
	José Gutiérrez de la Concha, 1st Marquis of Havana José Gutiérrez de la Concha, 1st Marquis of Havana José Gutiérrez de la Concha, 1st Marquis of Havana, 1st Viscount of Cuba, Grandee of Spain was a Spanish noble, general and politician, who served three times as Captain General of Cuba....	19 September 1868	30 September 1868	Moderate
	Pascual Madoz Pascual Madoz Pascual Madoz , Spanish politician, statistician, was born at Pamplona.In early life he was settled in Barcelona, as a writer and journalist. He envisioned the construction of the Vielha tunnel. He joined the Progresista party formed during the First Carlist War, 1833-40... Acting	30 September 1868	3 October 1868		No formal Head of State
	Francisco Serrano y Domínguez Duke of La Torre, Count of San Antonio 1st time	3 October 1868	18 June 1869	Liberal Union
	General Juan Prim y Prats Marquis of Los Castillejos, Count of Reus, Viscount of Bruch	18 June 1869	27 December 1870	Progressist Liberal	Regent Francisco Serrano y Domínguez (1869–1870)
	Juan Bautista Topete y Carballo Juan Bautista Topete Juan Bautista Topete y Carballo , Spanish naval commander and politician, was born in San Andrés Tuxtla, Mexico.His father and grandfather were also Spanish admirals... Acting	27 December 1870	4 January 1871	Liberal Union	King Amadeo (1870–1873)
	Francisco Serrano y Domínguez Duke of La Torre, Count of San Antonio 2nd time	4 January 1871	24 July 1871
	Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla was a Spanish politician. He served as prime minister of Spain for a little over ten weeks in the summer of 1871, and again for eight months between June 1872 and February 1873.... 1st time	24 July 1871	5 October 1871	Democratic
	José Malcampo y Monge José Malcampo, 3rd Marquis of San Rafael Don José Malcampo y Monge, 3rd Marquis of San Rafael was a Spanish noble, seaman and politician who served as Prime Minister of Spain in 1871, during the reign of King Amadeo I.... Marquis of San Rafael, Count of Jolo	5 October 1871	21 December 1871
	Práxedes Mateo Sagasta Práxedes Mateo Sagasta Práxedes Mariano Mateo Sagasta y Escolar was a Spanish politician who served as Prime Minister on eight occasions between 1870 and 1902—always in charge of the Liberal Party—as part of the turno pacifico, alternating with the Liberal-Conservative leader Antonio Cánovas... 1st time	12 December 1871	26 May 1872	Progressist Liberal
	Juan Bautista Topete y Carballo Juan Bautista Topete Juan Bautista Topete y Carballo , Spanish naval commander and politician, was born in San Andrés Tuxtla, Mexico.His father and grandfather were also Spanish admirals... Acting	26 May 1872	4 June 1872	Liberal Union
	Francisco Serrano y Domínguez Duke of La Torre, Count of San Antonio 3rd time	4 June 1872	13 June 1872
	Fernando Fernández de Córdova Acting	13 June 1872	16 June 1872	Moderate Liberal
	Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla Manuel Ruiz Zorrilla was a Spanish politician. He served as prime minister of Spain for a little over ten weeks in the summer of 1871, and again for eight months between June 1872 and February 1873.... 2nd time	16 June 1872	12 February 1873	Democratic-Republican

Prime Ministers (Presidents of the Provisional Government)

Picture	Name	From	Until	Political leaning	Head of State (Term)
	Estanislao Figueras y Moragas	12 February 1873	11 June 1873	Federal republican	Prime Minister was also Head of State
	Francisco Pi y Margall Francisco Pi y Margall Francisco Pi y Margall was a liberal Spanish statesman and romanticist writer. He was briefly president of the short-lived First Spanish Republic in 1873.-Early life:...	11 June 1873	18 July 1873
	Nicolás Salmerón Alonso	18 July 1873	7 September 1873	Moderate republican
	Emilio Castelar y Ripoll Emilio Castelar y Ripoll Emilio Castelar y Ripoll was a Spanish republican politician, and a president of the First Spanish Republic.Castelar was born in Cádiz. He was an eloquent and literary man...	7 September 1873	4 January 1874	Unitary republican
	Francisco Serrano y Domínguez 4th time	4 January 1874	26 February 1874	Conservative republican dictatorship
	Juan de Zavala y de la Puente Juan de Zavala, 1st Marquis of Sierra Bullones Don Juan de Zavala y de la Puente, 1st Marquis of Sierra Bullones Grandee of Spain, 5th Marquis of Torreblanca, 3rd Marquis of la Puente y Sotomayor and 6th Count of Villaseñor was a Spanish noble and politician...	26 February 1874	3 September 1874
	Práxedes Mateo Sagasta Práxedes Mateo Sagasta Práxedes Mariano Mateo Sagasta y Escolar was a Spanish politician who served as Prime Minister on eight occasions between 1870 and 1902—always in charge of the Liberal Party—as part of the turno pacifico, alternating with the Liberal-Conservative leader Antonio Cánovas... 2nd time	3 September 1874	30 December 1874	Liberal

Prime Ministers (Presidents of the Council of Ministers)

Picture	Name	From	Until	Political Party	Head of State (Term)
	Antonio Cánovas del Castillo Antonio Cánovas del Castillo Antonio Cánovas del Castillo was a Spanish politician and historian known principally for his role in supporting the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy to the Spanish throne and for his death at the hands of an anarchist assassin, Michele Angiolillo.-Early career:Born in Málaga as the son of... 1st time	31 December 1874	12 September 1875	Conservative	King Alfonso XII Alfonso XII of Spain Alfonso XII was king of Spain, reigning from 1874 to 1885, after a coup d'état restored the monarchy and ended the ephemeral First Spanish Republic.-Early life and paternity:Alfonso was the son of Queen Isabella II of Spain, and... (1874–1885)
	Joaquín Jovellar y Soler Joaquin Jovellar y Soler Joaquín Jovellar y Soler was a Spanish general who served as the Prime Minister of Spain from September 12, 1875 – December 2, 1875 and governor and captain-general of the Philippines from April 7, 1883 – April 1, 1885....	12 September 1875	2 December 1875
	Antonio Cánovas del Castillo Antonio Cánovas del Castillo Antonio Cánovas del Castillo was a Spanish politician and historian known principally for his role in supporting the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy to the Spanish throne and for his death at the hands of an anarchist assassin, Michele Angiolillo.-Early career:Born in Málaga as the son of... 2nd time	2 December 1875	7 March 1879
	Arsenio Martínez Campos	7 March 1879	9 December 1879
	Antonio Cánovas del Castillo Antonio Cánovas del Castillo Antonio Cánovas del Castillo was a Spanish politician and historian known principally for his role in supporting the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy to the Spanish throne and for his death at the hands of an anarchist assassin, Michele Angiolillo.-Early career:Born in Málaga as the son of... 3rd time	9 December 1879	8 February 1881
	Práxedes Mateo Sagasta Práxedes Mateo Sagasta Práxedes Mariano Mateo Sagasta y Escolar was a Spanish politician who served as Prime Minister on eight occasions between 1870 and 1902—always in charge of the Liberal Party—as part of the turno pacifico, alternating with the Liberal-Conservative leader Antonio Cánovas... 3rd time	8 February 1881	13 October 1883	Liberal
	José Posada Herrera	13 October 1883	18 January 1884
	Antonio Cánovas del Castillo Antonio Cánovas del Castillo Antonio Cánovas del Castillo was a Spanish politician and historian known principally for his role in supporting the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy to the Spanish throne and for his death at the hands of an anarchist assassin, Michele Angiolillo.-Early career:Born in Málaga as the son of... 4th time	18 January 1884	27 November 1885	Conservative
	Práxedes Mateo Sagasta Práxedes Mateo Sagasta Práxedes Mariano Mateo Sagasta y Escolar was a Spanish politician who served as Prime Minister on eight occasions between 1870 and 1902—always in charge of the Liberal Party—as part of the turno pacifico, alternating with the Liberal-Conservative leader Antonio Cánovas... 4th time	27 November 1885	5 July 1890	Liberal	Queen Dowager Maria Christina Maria Christina of Austria Maria Christina of Austria was Queen consort of Spain as the second wife of King Alfonso XII of Spain... Regent for King Alfonso XIII Alfonso XIII of Spain Alfonso XIII was King of Spain from 1886 until 1931. His mother, Maria Christina of Austria, was appointed regent during his minority... (1886–1902)
	Antonio Cánovas del Castillo Antonio Cánovas del Castillo Antonio Cánovas del Castillo was a Spanish politician and historian known principally for his role in supporting the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy to the Spanish throne and for his death at the hands of an anarchist assassin, Michele Angiolillo.-Early career:Born in Málaga as the son of... 5th time	5 July 1890	11 December 1892	Conservative
	Práxedes Mateo Sagasta Práxedes Mateo Sagasta Práxedes Mariano Mateo Sagasta y Escolar was a Spanish politician who served as Prime Minister on eight occasions between 1870 and 1902—always in charge of the Liberal Party—as part of the turno pacifico, alternating with the Liberal-Conservative leader Antonio Cánovas... 5th time	11 December 1892	23 March 1895	Liberal
	Antonio Cánovas del Castillo Antonio Cánovas del Castillo Antonio Cánovas del Castillo was a Spanish politician and historian known principally for his role in supporting the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy to the Spanish throne and for his death at the hands of an anarchist assassin, Michele Angiolillo.-Early career:Born in Málaga as the son of... 6th time	23 March 1895	8 August 1897	Conservative
	Marcelo Azcárraga Palmero Acting until 21 August, 1st time	8 August 1897	4 October 1897
	Práxedes Mateo Sagasta Práxedes Mateo Sagasta Práxedes Mariano Mateo Sagasta y Escolar was a Spanish politician who served as Prime Minister on eight occasions between 1870 and 1902—always in charge of the Liberal Party—as part of the turno pacifico, alternating with the Liberal-Conservative leader Antonio Cánovas... 6th time	4 October 1897	4 March 1899	Liberal
	Francisco Silvela y de le Vielleuze 1st time	4 March 1899	23 October 1900	Conservative
	Marcelo Azcárraga Palmero 2nd time	23 October 1900	6 March 1901
	Práxedes Mateo Sagasta Práxedes Mateo Sagasta Práxedes Mariano Mateo Sagasta y Escolar was a Spanish politician who served as Prime Minister on eight occasions between 1870 and 1902—always in charge of the Liberal Party—as part of the turno pacifico, alternating with the Liberal-Conservative leader Antonio Cánovas... 7th time	6 March 1901	6 December 1902	Liberal
	Francisco Silvela y de le Vielleuze 2nd time	6 December 1902	20 July 1903	Conservative	King Alfonso XIII Alfonso XIII of Spain Alfonso XIII was King of Spain from 1886 until 1931. His mother, Maria Christina of Austria, was appointed regent during his minority... (1886/1902–1931)
	Raimundo Fernández Villaverde 1st time	20 July 1903	5 December 1903
	Antonio Maura y Montaner 1st time	5 December 1903	16 December 1904
	Marcelo Azcárraga Palmero  3rd time	16 December 1904	27 January 1905
	Raimundo Fernández Villaverde 2nd time	27 January 1905	23 June 1905
	Eugenio Montero Ríos Eugenio Montero Ríos Eugenio Montero Ríos was a leading member of the Spanish Liberal Party before being part of a 1903 schism that divided it. He also served briefly as Prime Minister. He played a role in the 1898 Treaty of Paris that ended the Spanish–American War as he was then President of the Senate of Spain.-...	23 June 1905	1 December 1905	Liberal
	Segismundo Moret y Prendergast Segismundo Moret Segismundo Moret y Prendergast was a Spanish politician and writer.-Biography:He was born in Cádiz on 2 June 1833... 1st time	1 December 1905	6 July 1906
	José López Domínguez	6 July 1906	30 November 1906
	Segismundo Moret y Prendergast Segismundo Moret Segismundo Moret y Prendergast was a Spanish politician and writer.-Biography:He was born in Cádiz on 2 June 1833... 2nd time	30 November 1906	4 December 1906
	Antonio González de Aguilar y Correa Antonio González de Aguilar, 8th Marquis of la Vega de Armijo Don Antonio González de Aguilar y Correa o Corea, 8th Marquis of la Vega de Armijo, 6th Marquis of Mos, Grandee of Spain, KOGF was a Spanish noble and politician who served as Prime Minister of Spain between 1906 and 1907, and was appointed three times Minister of State, in governments headed by... Marquis of Vega de Armijo	4 December 1906	25 January 1907
	Antonio Maura y Montaner 2nd time	25 January 1907	21 October 1909	Conservative
	Segismundo Moret y Prendergast Segismundo Moret Segismundo Moret y Prendergast was a Spanish politician and writer.-Biography:He was born in Cádiz on 2 June 1833... 3rd time	21 October 1909	9 February 1910	Liberal
	José Canalejas y Méndez	9 February 1910	12 November 1912
	Manuel García Prieto Marquis of Alhucemas Acting, 1st time	12 November 1912	14 November 1912
	Álvaro Figueroa y Torres Mendieta Álvaro Figueroa Torres, Count of Romanones Don Álvaro de Figueroa y Torres-Sotomayor, 1st Count of Romanones, Grandee of Spain, was a Spanish politician. He was the Prime Minister of Spain three times between 1912 and 1918, president of the Senate and seventeen times minister... Count of Romanones 1st time	14 November 1912	27 October 1913
	Eduardo Dato e Iradier Eduardo Dato e Iradier Eduardo Dato e Iradier was a Spanish political leader. He served three times as Spanish Prime Minister: from 27 October 1913 to 9 December 1915, from 11 June 1917 to 3 November 1917, and from 28 April 1920 till his death... 1st time	27 October 1913	9 December 1915	Conservative
	Álvaro Figueroa y Torres Mendieta Álvaro Figueroa Torres, Count of Romanones Don Álvaro de Figueroa y Torres-Sotomayor, 1st Count of Romanones, Grandee of Spain, was a Spanish politician. He was the Prime Minister of Spain three times between 1912 and 1918, president of the Senate and seventeen times minister... Count of Romanones 2nd time	9 December 1915	19 April 1917	Liberal
	Manuel García Prieto Marquis of Alhucemas 2nd time	19 April 1917	11 June 1917	Liberal-Democratic
	Eduardo Dato e Iradier Eduardo Dato e Iradier Eduardo Dato e Iradier was a Spanish political leader. He served three times as Spanish Prime Minister: from 27 October 1913 to 9 December 1915, from 11 June 1917 to 3 November 1917, and from 28 April 1920 till his death... 2nd time	11 June 1917	3 November 1917	Conservative
	Manuel García Prieto Marquis of Alhucemas 3rd time	3 November 1917	22 March 1918	Liberal-Democratic (Concentration government)
	Antonio Maura y Montaner 3rd time	22 March 1918	9 November 1918	Conservative (Concentration government)
	Manuel García Prieto Marquis of Alhucemas 4th time	9 November 1918	5 December 1918	Liberal-Democratic
	Álvaro Figueroa y Torres Mendieta Álvaro Figueroa Torres, Count of Romanones Don Álvaro de Figueroa y Torres-Sotomayor, 1st Count of Romanones, Grandee of Spain, was a Spanish politician. He was the Prime Minister of Spain three times between 1912 and 1918, president of the Senate and seventeen times minister... Count of Romanones 3rd time	5 December 1918	15 April 1919	Liberal
	Antonio Maura y Montaner 4th time	15 April 1919	20 July 1919	Conservative (Concentration government)
	Joaquín Sánchez de Toca Calvo	20 July 1919	12 December 1919	Conservative
	Manuel Allendesalazar 1st time	12 December 1919	5 May 1920
	Eduardo Dato e Iradier Eduardo Dato e Iradier Eduardo Dato e Iradier was a Spanish political leader. He served three times as Spanish Prime Minister: from 27 October 1913 to 9 December 1915, from 11 June 1917 to 3 November 1917, and from 28 April 1920 till his death... 3rd time	5 May 1920	8 March 1921
	Gabino Bugallal Araújo Count of Bugallal Acting	8 March 1921	13 March 1921
	Manuel Allendesalazar 2nd time	13 March 1921	14 August 1921
	Antonio Maura y Montaner 5th time	14 August 1921	8 March 1922	Conservative (Concentration government)
	José Sánchez-Guerra y Martínez	8 March 1922	7 December 1922	Conservative
	Manuel García Prieto Marquis of Alhucemas 5th time	7 December 1922	15 September 1923	Liberal-Democratic
	General Miguel Primo de Rivera y Orbaneja Army Captain General, Marquis of Estella and Ajdir Head of the Military Directory until 3 December 1925	15 September 1923	30 January 1930	Military Dictatorship
	Dámaso Berenguer Count of Xauén, Army General	30 January 1930	18 February 1931	Military "Dictablanda Dictablanda "Dictablanda" is a word used by political scientists to describe a dictatorship in which civil liberties are allegedly preserved rather than destroyed. The word dictablanda is a portmanteau of the Spanish words dictadura and blanda... "
	Juan Bautista Aznar-Cabañas Juan Bautista Aznar-Cabañas Admiral Juan Bautista Aznar-Cabañas was the Prime Minister of Spain from the resignation of Dámaso Berenguer y Fusté on to the deposition of King Alfonso XIII and the proclamation of the Spanish Second Republic on April 14, 1931.In Aznar's government, there were disagreements between absolutist... Navy Admiral	18 February 1931	14 April 1931

Prime Ministers (Presidents of the Council of Ministers)

Picture		Name	From	Until	Political Party	Elected	Head of State President of Spain Today, Spain is a constitutional monarchy. King Juan Carlos I, the current monarch, is Head of State. The Head of Government has the official title of President of the Government.... (Term)
		Niceto Alcalá-Zamora Niceto Alcalá-Zamora Niceto Alcalá-Zamora y Torres was a Spanish lawyer and politician who served, briefly, as the first premier minister of the Second Spanish Republic, and then — from 1931 to 1936—as its president....	14 April 1931	14 October 1931	Progressive Republican Right Progressive Republican Right The Progressive Republican Right was a Spanish political party led by Niceto Alcalá Zamora.... Provisional Government	—	No formal Head of State
		Manuel Azaña Díaz Manuel Azaña Manuel Azaña Díaz was a Spanish politician. He was the first Prime Minister of the Second Spanish Republic , and later served again as Prime Minister , and then as the second and last President of the Republic . The Spanish Civil War broke out while he was President... 1st time	14 October 1931	12 September 1933	Republican Action	1931 Spanish general election, 1931 -Background:General Primo de Rivera, who had run a military dictatorship in Spain since 1923, resigned as head of government in January 1930. There was little support for a return to the pre-1923 system, and the monarchy had lost credibility by backing the military government...	President President of Spain Today, Spain is a constitutional monarchy. King Juan Carlos I, the current monarch, is Head of State. The Head of Government has the official title of President of the Government....  Niceto Alcalá-Zamora Niceto Alcalá-Zamora Niceto Alcalá-Zamora y Torres was a Spanish lawyer and politician who served, briefly, as the first premier minister of the Second Spanish Republic, and then — from 1931 to 1936—as its president.... (1933–1936)
		Alejandro Lerroux García Alejandro Lerroux Alejandro Lerroux y García was a Spanish politician who was the leader of the Radical Republican Party during the Second Spanish Republic... 1st time	12 September 1933	8 October 1933	Radical Republican Radical Republican Party The Radical Republican Party , sometimes shortened to the Radical Party was a Spanish political party founded in 1908 by Alejandro Lerroux in Santander, Cantabria by a split from the historical Republican Union party led by Nicolás Salmerón....	1933 Spanish general election, 1933 Elections to Spain’s legislature, the Cortes Generales, were held on 19 November 1933 for all 473 seats in the unicameral Cortes of the Second Spanish Republic. Since the previous elections of 1931, a new constitution had been ratified, and the franchise extended to more than six million women...
		Diego Martínez Barrio Diego Martínez Barrio Diego Martínez y Barrio was a Spanish politician during the Second Spanish Republic, Prime Minister of Spain between 9 October 1933 and 26 December 1933 and was briefly appointed again by Manuel Azaña after the resignation of Santiago Casares Quiroga, on July 19, 1936 - three days after the...	8 October 1933	16 December 1933
		Alejandro Lerroux García Alejandro Lerroux Alejandro Lerroux y García was a Spanish politician who was the leader of the Radical Republican Party during the Second Spanish Republic... 2nd time	16 December 1933	28 April 1934
		Ricardo Samper e Ibáñez Ricardo Samper Ricardo Samper e Ibáñez was a Spanish political figure during the Second Spanish Republic.Samper served as Valencia mayor between 1920 and 1923. In 1931 he was elected as Member of the Parliament with Alejandro Lerroux's Radical Republican Party...	28 April 1934	4 October 1934
		Alejandro Lerroux García Alejandro Lerroux Alejandro Lerroux y García was a Spanish politician who was the leader of the Radical Republican Party during the Second Spanish Republic... 3rd time	4 October 1934	25 September 1935
		Joaquín Chapaprieta Torregrosa	25 September 1935	14 December 1935	Independent
		Manuel Portela Valladares Manuel Portela Valladares Manuel Portela y Valladares was a Spanish political figure during the Second Spanish Republic.A member of the Liberal Party, he served as civil governor of Barcelona in 1910 and 1923, and as Minister of Promotion in September 1923...	14 December 1935	19 February 1936	Independent
		Manuel Azaña Díaz Manuel Azaña Manuel Azaña Díaz was a Spanish politician. He was the first Prime Minister of the Second Spanish Republic , and later served again as Prime Minister , and then as the second and last President of the Republic . The Spanish Civil War broke out while he was President... 2nd time	19 February 1936	10 May 1936	Republican Left Republican Left (Spain) The Republican Left was a Spanish left-wing republican party founded in 1934.The party was founded in 1934 following the left's defeat in the 1933 election, by the merger of Manuel Azaña's Republican Action, part of Marcelino Domingo's Radical Socialist Republican Party and Santiago Casares... Popular Front Popular Front (Spain) The Popular Front in Spain's Second Republic was an electoral coalition and pact signed in January 1936 by various left-wing political organisations, instigated by Manuel Azaña for the purpose of contesting that year's election....  coalition	1936 Spanish general election, 1936 Legislative elections were held in Spain on February 16, 1936. At stake were all 473 seats in the unicameral Cortes Generales. The winners of the 1936 elections were the Popular Front, a left-wing coalition of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party , Republican Left , Esquerra Republicana de...
		Augusto Barcía Trelles Augusto Barcía Trelles Augusto Barcia y Trelles was a Spanish politician, several times member of the Congress of Deputies; and served as acting Prime Minister of Spain from 10 May 1936 to 13 May 1936 due to former PM Manuel Azaña being elected as President of the Republic... Acting	10 May 1936	13 May 1936			President President of Spain Today, Spain is a constitutional monarchy. King Juan Carlos I, the current monarch, is Head of State. The Head of Government has the official title of President of the Government....  Manuel Azaña Manuel Azaña Manuel Azaña Díaz was a Spanish politician. He was the first Prime Minister of the Second Spanish Republic , and later served again as Prime Minister , and then as the second and last President of the Republic . The Spanish Civil War broke out while he was President... (1936–1939)
		Santiago Casares Quiroga Santiago Casares Quiroga Santiago Casares y Quiroga was a Spanish politician who was Prime Minister of Spain from 13 May to 19 July 1936....	13 May 1936	19 July 1936
		Diego Martínez Barrio Diego Martínez Barrio Diego Martínez y Barrio was a Spanish politician during the Second Spanish Republic, Prime Minister of Spain between 9 October 1933 and 26 December 1933 and was briefly appointed again by Manuel Azaña after the resignation of Santiago Casares Quiroga, on July 19, 1936 - three days after the... Acting	19 July 1936		Republican Union Republican Union Party The Republican Union was a Spanish republican party founded in 1934 by Diego Martinez Barrio.It was formed as a result of a merger of several small republican parties, including notably Diego Martinez Barrio's Radical Democratic Party founded in May 1934 by a split from Alejandro Lerroux's Radical... Popular Front coalition
		José Giral Pereira José Giral José Giral y Pereira was a Spanish politician during the Second Spanish Republic.He had degrees in Chemistry and Pharmacy from the University of Madrid. In 1905 he became professor of chemistry in the University of Salamanca. He founded Acción Republicana with Manuel Azaña...	19 July 1936	4 September 1936	Republican Left Popular Front coalition
		Francisco Largo Caballero Francisco Largo Caballero Francisco Largo Caballero was a Spanish politician and trade unionist. He was one of the historic leaders of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party and of the Workers' General Union...	4 September 1936	17 May 1937	Socialist Spanish Socialist Workers' Party The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party is a social-democratic political party in Spain. Its political position is Centre-left. The PSOE is the former ruling party of Spain, until beaten in the elections of November 2011 and the second oldest, exceeded only by the Partido Carlista, founded in... Popular Front coalition
		Juan Negrín López Juan Negrín Juan Negrín y López was a Spanish politician and physician.-Early years:Born in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Negrín came from a religious middle-class family...	17 May 1937	1 April 1939

Heads of Government in the Nationalist Zone (1936–1939)

Picture		Title	Name	From	Until	Political Party	Head of State (Term)
		President of the Board of National Defense	Miguel Cabanellas Ferrer	23 July 1936	1 October 1936	Military	Collective Junta of Burgos (1936)
		President of the Technical Board of State	Fidel Dávila Arrondo	3 October 1936	3 June 1937		Caudillo Francisco Franco Francisco Franco Francisco Franco y Bahamonde was a Spanish general, dictator and head of state of Spain from October 1936 , and de facto regent of the nominally restored Kingdom of Spain from 1947 until his death in November, 1975... (1936–1939)
			Francisco Gómez Jordana	3 June 1937	31 January 1938
		President of the Government	Francisco Franco y Bahamonde Francisco Franco Francisco Franco y Bahamonde was a Spanish general, dictator and head of state of Spain from October 1936 , and de facto regent of the nominally restored Kingdom of Spain from 1947 until his death in November, 1975...	31 January 1938	1 April 1939	Falange Falange The Spanish Phalanx of the Assemblies of the National Syndicalist Offensive , known simply as the Falange, is the name assigned to several political movements and parties dating from the 1930s, most particularly the original fascist movement in Spain. The word means phalanx formation in Spanish.... Military

Prime Ministers (Presidents of the Government)

Picture		Name	From	Until	Political Party	Head of State (Term)
		Francisco Franco y Bahamonde Francisco Franco Francisco Franco y Bahamonde was a Spanish general, dictator and head of state of Spain from October 1936 , and de facto regent of the nominally restored Kingdom of Spain from 1947 until his death in November, 1975...	1 April 1939	8 June 1973	Falange Falange The Spanish Phalanx of the Assemblies of the National Syndicalist Offensive , known simply as the Falange, is the name assigned to several political movements and parties dating from the 1930s, most particularly the original fascist movement in Spain. The word means phalanx formation in Spanish.... Military	Caudillo Francisco Franco Francisco Franco Francisco Franco y Bahamonde was a Spanish general, dictator and head of state of Spain from October 1936 , and de facto regent of the nominally restored Kingdom of Spain from 1947 until his death in November, 1975... (1939–1975)
		Luis Carrero Blanco Luis Carrero Blanco Don Luis Carrero Blanco, 1st Duke of Carrero Blanco, Grandee of Spain was a Spanish admiral and long-time confidant of dictator Francisco Franco.- Biography :...	9 June 1973	20 December 1973
		Torcuato Fernández-Miranda Torcuato Fernández-Miranda Don Torcuato Fernández Miranda y Hevia, 1st Duke of Fernandez-Miranda, Grandee of Spain, KOGF was a Spanish lawyer and politician who played important roles in both the dictatorship of Francisco Franco and in the Spanish transition to democracy.Fernández Miranda was born in Gijón, Asturias, on... Acting	20 December 1973	31 December 1973	Falange Falange The Spanish Phalanx of the Assemblies of the National Syndicalist Offensive , known simply as the Falange, is the name assigned to several political movements and parties dating from the 1930s, most particularly the original fascist movement in Spain. The word means phalanx formation in Spanish....
		Carlos Arias Navarro	31 December 1973	20 November 1975

Prime Ministers (Presidents of the Government)

Picture		Name	From	Until	Political Party	Legislature (Election)	Head of State (Term)
		Carlos Arias Navarro	20 November 1975	1 July 1976	Falange Falange The Spanish Phalanx of the Assemblies of the National Syndicalist Offensive , known simply as the Falange, is the name assigned to several political movements and parties dating from the 1930s, most particularly the original fascist movement in Spain. The word means phalanx formation in Spanish....	—	King Juan Carlos I Juan Carlos I of Spain Juan Carlos I |Italy]]) is the reigning King of Spain.On 22 November 1975, two days after the death of General Francisco Franco, Juan Carlos was designated king according to the law of succession promulgated by Franco. Spain had no monarch for 38 years in 1969 when Franco named Juan Carlos as the... (1975– )
			The final Prime Minister of Francoist Spain, he continued in office under Juan Carlos I Juan Carlos I of Spain Juan Carlos I |Italy]]) is the reigning King of Spain.On 22 November 1975, two days after the death of General Francisco Franco, Juan Carlos was designated king according to the law of succession promulgated by Franco. Spain had no monarch for 38 years in 1969 when Franco named Juan Carlos as the... . Opposed to reform, he resigned.
		Fernando de Santiago y Díaz Fernando de Santiago y Díaz Fernando de Santiago y Díaz de Mendívil was a conservative deputy and interim prime minister of Spain during the Spanish transition to democracy in the late 1970s...	1 July 1976	5 July 1976	Military	—
			Vice-President of the Government under Navarro, he served as interim Prime Minister on Navarro's resignation.
		Adolfo Suárez González Adolfo Suárez Adolfo Suárez y González, 1st Duke of Suárez, Grandee of Spain, KOGF is a Spanish lawyer and politician. Suárez was Spain's first democratically elected prime minister after the dictatorship of Francisco Franco, and the key figure in the country's transition to democracy.-Parents:He is a son of...	5 July 1976	29 January 1981	Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD)	Cst. (1977 Spanish general election, 1977 The Spanish general election of 1977 took place on 15 June 1977. It was the first election since the death of Francisco Franco.Voting was on the basis of universal suffrage in a secret ballot. The elections were held using closed list proportional representation in 52 electoral districts... )
						I (1979 Spanish general election, 1979 General elections were held in Spain on 1 March 1979.-References:* *... )
			Appointed by Juan Carlos I Juan Carlos I of Spain Juan Carlos I |Italy]]) is the reigning King of Spain.On 22 November 1975, two days after the death of General Francisco Franco, Juan Carlos was designated king according to the law of succession promulgated by Franco. Spain had no monarch for 38 years in 1969 when Franco named Juan Carlos as the... , before UCD was elected in 1977 general election Spanish general election, 1977 The Spanish general election of 1977 took place on 15 June 1977. It was the first election since the death of Francisco Franco.Voting was on the basis of universal suffrage in a secret ballot. The elections were held using closed list proportional representation in 52 electoral districts... . Oversaw the Spanish Constitution of 1978 Spanish Constitution of 1978 -Structure of the State:The Constitution recognizes the existence of nationalities and regions . Preliminary Title As a result, Spain is now composed entirely of 17 Autonomous Communities and two autonomous cities with varying degrees of autonomy, to the extent that, even though the Constitution... . Resigned.
		Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo Bustelo	29 January 1981	2 December 1982	Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD)	I ( ···· )
			Acting Prime Minister until 25 February 1981. 23-F attempted coup d'état 23-F 23-F was an attempted coup d'état in Spain that began on 23 February 1981 and ended on the following day. It is also known as El Tejerazo from the name of its most visible figure, Antonio Tejero, who led the failed coup's most notable event: the bursting into the Spanish Congress of Deputies by a... . UCD had split, and was heavily defeated in 1982 general election Spanish general election, 1982 General elections were held in Spain on 28 October 1982.PSOE and PSC presented two different lists of candidates: with the PSOE contesting most of Spain and the PSC only standing in Catalonia... .
		Felipe González Márquez Felipe González Felipe González Márquez is a Spanish socialist politician. He was the General Secretary of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party from 1974 to 1997. To date, he remains the longest-serving Prime Minister of Spain, after having served four successive mandates from 1982 to 1996.-Early life:Felipe was...	2 December 1982	5 May 1996	Socialist (PSOE) Spanish Socialist Workers' Party The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party is a social-democratic political party in Spain. Its political position is Centre-left. The PSOE is the former ruling party of Spain, until beaten in the elections of November 2011 and the second oldest, exceeded only by the Partido Carlista, founded in...	II (1982 Spanish general election, 1982 General elections were held in Spain on 28 October 1982.PSOE and PSC presented two different lists of candidates: with the PSOE contesting most of Spain and the PSC only standing in Catalonia... )
						III (1986 Spanish general election, 1986 General elections were held in Spain on 23 June 1986. In this election, the Communist Party of Spain merged with other minor left parties to form the coalition Izquierda Unida; in Catalonia they ran as the Catalan Left Union. Similarly, the People's Alliance merged with two other conservative... )
						IV (1989 Spanish general election, 1989 -Results:-External links:**... )
						V (1993 Spanish general election, 1993 -Results:-External links:*... )
			Spanish NATO membership referendum, 1986 Spanish NATO membership referendum, 1986 On 12 March 1986 a referendum was held in Spain on that country's continuing membership of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation. The question put to the Spanish electorate was:... ; Spain's accession to the European Economic Community European Economic Community The European Economic Community The European Economic Community (EEC) The European Economic Community (EEC) (also known as the Common Market in the English-speaking world, renamed the European Community (EC) in 1993The information in this article primarily covers the EEC's time as an independent... . Spain's longest-serving Prime Minister to date.
		José María Aznar López José María Aznar José María Alfredo Aznar López served as the Prime Minister of Spain from 1996 to 2004. He is on the board of directors of News Corporation.-Early life:...	5 May 1996	17 April 2004	People's Party (PP) People's Party (Spain) The People's Party is a conservative political party in Spain.The People's Party was a re-foundation in 1989 of the People's Alliance , a party led and founded by Manuel Fraga Iribarne, a former Minister of Tourism during Francisco Franco's dictatorship...	VI (1996 Spanish general election, 1996 General elections were held in Spain on March 3, 1996. The Prime Minister Felipe González of Spanish Socialist Workers' Party lost the elections to Partido Popular and their leader José María Aznar.... )
						VII (2000 Spanish general election, 2000 Legislative elections were held in Spain on 12 March 2000. The incumbent People's Party of Prime Minister José María Aznar was elected to a second term in office, converting its plurality of seats in the Congress of Deputies into a majority, and increasing its lead over the opposition Spanish... )
			European single currency Euro The euro is the official currency of the eurozone: 17 of the 27 member states of the European Union. It is also the currency used by the Institutions of the European Union. The eurozone consists of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg,... ; Committed troops to the Iraq War; 2004 Madrid train bombings
		José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero is a member of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party . He was elected for two terms as Prime Minister of Spain, in the 2004 and 2008 general elections. On 2 April 2011 he announced he will not stand for re-election in 2012...	17 April 2004	Incumbent (20 December 2011)	Socialist (PSOE) Spanish Socialist Workers' Party The Spanish Socialist Workers' Party is a social-democratic political party in Spain. Its political position is Centre-left. The PSOE is the former ruling party of Spain, until beaten in the elections of November 2011 and the second oldest, exceeded only by the Partido Carlista, founded in...	VIII (2004)
						IX (2008 Spanish general election, 2008 Legislative elections for the Spanish Cortes Generales were held on March 9, 2008. The elections were for 350 seats in the Congress of Deputies, and the 208 directly elected seats in the upper house, the Senate, determining the Prime Minister of Spain... )
			Withdrew troops from Iraq; Same-sex marriage legislation Same-sex marriage in Spain Same-sex marriage in Spain has been legal since July 3, 2005. In 2004, the nation's newly elected social democratic government, led by President José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, began a campaign for its legalization, including the right of adoption by same-sex couples... ; 2008–2011 Spanish financial crisis
		Mariano Rajoy Brey Mariano Rajoy Mariano Rajoy Brey is a Spanish People's Party politician and is the Prime Minister-elect since 20 November 2011. He will be sworn into office in mid-December 2011....	Designate (20 December 2011)		People's Party (PP) People's Party (Spain) The People's Party is a conservative political party in Spain.The People's Party was a re-foundation in 1989 of the People's Alliance , a party led and founded by Manuel Fraga Iribarne, a former Minister of Tourism during Francisco Franco's dictatorship...	X (2011)

See also

• Prime Minister of Spain
  Prime Minister of Spain
  The President of the Government of Spain , sometimes known in English as the Prime Minister of Spain, is the head of Government of Spain. The current office is established under the Constitution of 1978...
  
  
• List of Spanish monarchs
• List of heads of state of Spain
• President of Spain
  President of Spain
  Today, Spain is a constitutional monarchy. King Juan Carlos I, the current monarch, is Head of State. The Head of Government has the official title of President of the Government....