List of Canadian plants by genus C
Encyclopedia
Below is a list of Canadian plants by genus. Due to the vastness of Canada
's biodiversity, this page is divided.
Many of the plants seen in Canada are introduced, either intentionally or accidentally. N indicated native and X indicated exotic. Those plants whose status is unknown are marked with a ?.
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I J K | L | M | N | O | P Q | R | S | T | U V W | X Y Z
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
's biodiversity, this page is divided.
Many of the plants seen in Canada are introduced, either intentionally or accidentally. N indicated native and X indicated exotic. Those plants whose status is unknown are marked with a ?.
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I J K | L | M | N | O | P Q | R | S | T | U V W | X Y Z
Ca
- Cakile — searockets
- Cakile edentula — American searocket
- Calamagrostis — reedgrasses
- Calamagrostis canadensis — Canada bluejointCalamagrostis canadensisCalamagrostis canadensis is a species of grass, having three or more varieties, in the Poaceae family. It is known variously by the common names of Bluejoint, Bluejoint reedgrass, Marsh reedgrass, Canadian reedgrass, Meadow pinegrass, and Marsh pinegrass.-Varieties:Calamagrostis canadensis takes...
, Canada reedgrass, Langsdorff's reedgrass, Macoun's reedgrass - Calamagrostis deschampsioides — circumpolar reedgrass
- Calamagrostis lapponica — Lapland reedgrass
- Calamagrostis purpurascens — purple reedgrassPurple ReedgrassCalamagrostis purpurascens, variously known by the common names Purple Reedgrass, Purple Pinegrass, or Alpine Reedgrass is a perennial grass, growing 30 to 70 cm tall.-Distribution:...
- Calamagrostis stricta subsp. inexpansa — bog reedgrassCalamagrostis strictaCalamagrostis stricta, Slim-stem Reed Grass, Koeler is a species of bunch grass in the Poaceae family.Calamagrostis stricta is native to wetlands of the Holarctic Kingdom....
, northern reedgrass
- Calamagrostis canadensis — Canada bluejoint
- Calamintha — calamints
- Calamintha arkansana — low calamint, savoury, wild calamint, limestone wild basil
- Calamovilfa — sandreeds
- Calamovilfa longifolia var. magna — prairie sandreed
- Calla — callas
- Calla palustris — wild callaCallaCalla is a genus of flowering plant in the family Araceae, containing the single species Calla palustris...
, water arum
- Calla palustris — wild calla
- Callitriche — water-starworts
- Callitriche hermaphroditica — narrowleaf water-starwort, northern water-starwort, autumnal water-starwort
- Callitriche heterophylla — larger water-starwort
- Callitriche palustris — vernal water-starwort
- Callitropsis —
- Callitropsis nootkatensis — Alaska yellow cedarCallitropsis nootkatensisNootka Cypress , formerly Cupressus nootkatensis, Xanthocyparis nootkatensis or Chamaecyparis nootkatensis, is a cypress with a chequered taxonomic and nomenclatural history. This species goes by many common names including Nootka Cypress, Yellow Cypress, and Alaska Cypress...
, Nootka false-cypress, yellow cedar
- Callitropsis nootkatensis — Alaska yellow cedar
- Calopogon — grass-pinks
- Calopogon tuberosus — tuberous grass-pinkCalopogon tuberosusCalopogon tuberosus, the tuberous grasspink, is an orchid native to eastern North America. In the United States it occurs from as far southwest as Texas and Oklahoma and southeast to the Florida Everglades to as far northeast as Maine and as far northwest as Minnesota. In Canada it is found in the...
- Calopogon tuberosus — tuberous grass-pink
- Caltha — marsh marigolds
- Caltha natans — floating marsh marigold
- Caltha palustris — marsh marigoldCaltha palustrisCaltha palustris is a herbaceous perennial plant of the buttercup family, native to marshes, fens, ditches and wet woodland in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere....
, cowslip, kingcup, cowflock
- Calypso — calypsoes
- Calypso bulbosa — calypsoCalypso orchidThe Calypso orchid , also known as the fairy slipper or Venus's slipper, is a perennial member of the orchid family found in undisturbed northern and montane forests...
, fairy-slipper, nymph-of-the-north
- Calypso bulbosa — calypso
- Calystegia — bindweeds
- Calystegia sepium — hedge bindweedCalystegia sepiumCalystegia sepium is a species of bindweed, with a subcosmopolitan distribution throughout temperate Northern Hemisphere in Europe, Asia, northwestern Africa, and North America, and in the temperate Southern Hemisphere in Australia, and...
, wild morning glory - Calystegia spithamaea — low bindweed
- Calystegia sepium — hedge bindweed
- Camassia — hyacinths
- Camassia scilloides — wild hyacinthCamassia scilloidesCamassia scilloides is a perennial herb also known as the Atlantic camas and Southern Wild Hyacinth. It is native to the eastern half of North America...
Threatened
- Camassia scilloides — wild hyacinth
- Campanula — bellflowers
- Campanula aparinoides — marsh bellflower, bedstraw bedflower, marsh harebell
- Campanula rotundifolia — American harebellHarebellCampanula rotundifolia is a rhizomatous perennial flowering plant in the bellflower family native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.In Scotland, it is often known as the Bluebell...
, Scottish bluebell, bluebells of Scotland
- Campanulastrum — bellflowers
- Campanulastrum americanum — tall bellflowerCampanulastrum americanumAmerican bellflower is a tall bellflower native to eastern North America from the Great Lakes region south to Florida and from the Dakotas east to New York. Its flowers are light blue to violet and usually form in elongated clusters. It is an unusual bellflower in that its flowers are usually...
, American bellflower
- Campanulastrum americanum — tall bellflower
- Campsis — trumpet vines
- Campsis radicans — trumpet vineTrumpet vineThe trumpet vine or trumpet creeper , also known as "cow itch vine" and as "hummingbird vine", is a large and vigorous woody vine of the family Bignoniaceae, notable for its showy trumpet-shaped flowers...
, trumpet creeper
- Campsis radicans — trumpet vine
- Canadanthus —
- Canadanthus modestus — Canada asterCanadanthus modestusCanadanthus modestus is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae....
, western bog aster, great northern aster, purple northern aster
- Canadanthus modestus — Canada aster
- Cardamine — toothworts
- Cardamine bulbosa — spring cressCardamine bulbosaThe Bulbous Cress, Bittercress, or Spring Cress is a perennial plant native to eastern North America. This plant grows in moist soils of bottomland woods and wet meadows....
, bulbous cress - Cardamine concatenata — cutleaf toothwortCardamine concatenataThe Cutleaf Toothwort, Crow's Toes, Pepper Root, Purple-flowered Toothwort is a flowering plant in Brassicaceae. It owes its name to the tooth-like appearance of its rhizome. It is a perennial plant woodland wildflower native to eastern North America...
, five-parted toothwort, slender toothwort - Cardamine diphylla — twoleaf toothwortCardamine diphyllaCardamine diphylla is a plant is native to North America.C...
, broadleaf toothwort, crinkleroot - Cardamine douglasii — purple cress, limestone bittercress
- Cardamine parviflora — small-flowered bittercress, sand bittercress
- Cardamine pensylvanica — Pennsylvania bittercressCardamine pensylvanicaCardamine pensylvanica is a species of cardamine known by the common name Pennsylvania bittercress. It is native to most of Canada and the United States from coast to coast. It is generally found in moist to wet areas, such as the mud on riverbanks...
, Quaker bittercress - Cardamine pratensis var. angustifolia — meadow bittercressCardamine pratensisCardamine pratensis , is a flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae, native throughout most of Europe and Western Asia.-Description:...
- Cardamine pratensis var. palustris — cuckoo-flowerCardamine pratensisCardamine pratensis , is a flowering plant in the family Brassicaceae, native throughout most of Europe and Western Asia.-Description:...
, lady's smock
- Cardamine bulbosa — spring cress
- Carex spp.
- see List of Carex species in Canada
- Carpinus — hornbeams
- Carpinus caroliniana — ironwood, American hornbeam, blue beech, musclewood
- Carya — hickories
- Carya cordiformis — bitternut hickoryBitternut HickoryCarya cordiformis, the Bitternut Hickory, also called bitternut or swamp hickory, is a large pecan hickory with commercial stands located mostly north of the other pecan hickories. Bitternut hickory is cut and sold in mixture with the true hickories. It is the shortest lived of the hickories,...
, swamp hickory, pignut hickory, yellowbud hickory - Carya glabra — pignut hickory, sweet pignut, red hickory
- Carya laciniosa — big shellbark hickory
- Carya ovata — shagbark hickoryShagbark HickoryCarya ovata, the Shagbark Hickory, is a common hickory in the eastern United States and southeast Canada. It is a large deciduous tree, growing up to 27 m tall, and will live up to 200 years. Mature Shagbarks are easy to recognize because, as their name implies, they have shaggy bark...
, upland hickory, shellbark hickory
- Carya cordiformis — bitternut hickory
- Castanea — chestnuts
- Castanea dentata — American chestnutAmerican ChestnutThe American Chestnut is a large, deciduous tree of the beech family native to eastern North America. Before the species was devastated by the chestnut blight, a fungal disease, it was one of the most important forest trees throughout its range...
, toothed chestnut Endangered
- Castanea dentata — American chestnut
- Castilleja — Indian paintbrushes
- Castilleja coccinea — scarlet Indian paintbrush, scarlet painted-cup
- Castilleja raupii — Raup's painted-cup, Raup's Indian paintbrush
- Castilleja septentrionalis — northern paintbrushCastilleja septentrionalisCastilleja septentrionalis is a species of Indian paintbrush known by several different common names, including pale painted cup , northern painted cup , pale Indian paintbrush , and Labrador Indian paintbrush. The scientific name "Castilleja pallida Spreng. var...
, Labrador Indian paintbrush
- Catabrosa — brook grasses
- Catabrosa aquatica — brook grass, water hairgrass
- Caulophyllum — cohoshes
- Caulophyllum giganteum
- Caulophyllum thalictroides — blue cohosh
Ce
- Ceanothus — New Jersey teas
- Ceanothus americanus — New Jersey teaCeanothus americanusCeanothus americanus is a species of shrub native to North America. Common names include New Jersey tea, Jersey tea ceanothus, variations of red root , and mountain sweet , and wild snowball...
, redroot, white snowball, mountainsweet - Ceanothus herbaceus — narrowleaf New Jersey tea, prairie redroot, inland ceanothus
- Ceanothus americanus — New Jersey tea
- Celastrus — bittersweets
- Celastrus scandens — climbing bittersweetCelastrus scandensCelastrus scandens, commonly called American Bittersweet or Bittersweet, is a species of staff vines that blooms mostly in June and is commonly found on rich, well-drained soils of woodlands. It has a sturdy perennial vine that may have twining, woody stems that are or longer and an inch or more...
, American bittersweet
- Celastrus scandens — climbing bittersweet
- Celtis — hackberries
- Celtis occidentalis — sugarberryCeltis occidentalisCeltis occidentalis, commonly known as the Common hackberry, is a medium-size deciduous tree native to North America. It is also known as the nettletree, beaverwood, northern hackberry, and American hackberry...
, northern hackberry, false elm, common hackberry - Celtis tenuifolia — dwarf hackberryCeltis tenuifoliaCeltis tenuifolia, the Dwarf Hackberry or Georgia Hackberry is a shrub or small tree 2 to 12 meters high. It is native to eastern North America, but is very uncommon north of the Ohio River...
Threatened
- Celtis occidentalis — sugarberry
- Cenchrus — sandburs
- Cenchrus longispinus — longspine sandburCenchrus longispinusCenchrus longispinus is a species of grass, also known as Spiny Burr Grass or Gentle Annie. Its burrs produce sharp, barbed spines that can penetrate the hides and mouth of grazing animals....
- Cenchrus longispinus — longspine sandbur
- Cephalanthus — buttonbushes
- Cephalanthus occidentalis — common buttonbushCephalanthus occidentalisCephalanthus occidentalis is a species of flowering plant in the coffee family, Rubiaceae, that is native to eastern and southern North America. Common names include Buttonbush, Common Buttonbush, Button-willow and Honey-bells....
- Cephalanthus occidentalis — common buttonbush
- Cerastium — mouse-ear chickweeds
- Cerastium alpinum — alpine mouse-ear chickweedCerastium alpinumCerastium alpinum, commonly called Alpine mouse-ear chickweed or Alpine chickweed is a species of mat forming perennial plant. It is native from Greenland, Canada and northern Europe It is grown as a rock garden subject for its many small white flowers and silver haired stems and foliage. There...
, alpine chickweed, woolly alpine chickweed - Cerastium arvense subsp. strictum — field mouse-ear chickweedCerastium arvenseCerastium arvense is a species of flowering plant in the pink family known by the common name field chickweed. It is a widespread species, occurring throughout Europe and North America, as well as parts of South America. It is a variable species. There are several subspecies, but the number and...
, meadow mouse-ear chickweed, prairie mouse-ear chickweed (other subspecies, including the type subsp. arvense, are considered introduced) - Cerastium brachypodum — shortstalk mouse-ear chickweed
- Cerastium nutans — nodding mouse-ear chickweed
- Cerastium velutinum — long-hairy chickweed
- Cerastium alpinum — alpine mouse-ear chickweed
- Ceratophyllum — hornworts
- Ceratophyllum demersum — common hornwortCeratophyllum demersumCeratophyllum demersum is a species of Ceratophyllum. It is a submerged, free-floating aquatic plant, native to North America but nowadays having a cosmopolitan distribution in temperate and tropical regions...
, coontail - Ceratophyllum echinatum — spineless hornwortCeratophyllum echinatumCeratophyllum echinatum , commonly called Spineless Hornwort, is an aquatic perennial plant of the family Ceratophyllum. It can be found in ponds and lakes. It is principally an eastern North American species and the only species of its genus endemic to North America. -Description:Ceratophyllum...
- Ceratophyllum demersum — common hornwort
Ch
- Chaerophyllum — chervils
- Chaerophyllum procumbens var. procumbens — spreading chervil
- Chaerophyllum procumbens var. shortii
- Chamaedaphne — leatherleafs
- Chamaedaphne calyculata — leatherleaf, dwarf cassandra
- Chamaesyce — spurges
- Chamaesyce polygonifolia — seaside spurge, seaside sandmat, sea milk-purslane
- Chamaesyce vermiculata — wormseed spurge, wormseed sandmat, hairy spurge, hairy-stemmed milk-purslane
- Chelone — turtleheads
- Chelone glabra — white turtleheadChelone glabraChelone glabra is a plant in the family Plantaginaceae .-Description:Chelone glabra is a herbaceous plant found in wetlands and riparian forests of eastern North America with opposite, simple leaves, on stout, upright stems. The flowers are white, borne in late summer and early fall...
- Chelone glabra — white turtlehead
- Chenopodium — goosefeet
- Chenopodium bushianum — village goosefoot
- Chenopodium capitatum — strawberry bliteChenopodium capitatumStrawberry Blite is an edible annual plant, also known as Blite Goosefoot, Strawberry Goosefoot, Strawberry Spinach, Indian Paint, and Indian Ink....
, strawberry-spinach, Indian paint, Indian ink, strawberry goosefoot - Chenopodium foggii — Fogg's goosefoot
- Chenopodium leptophyllum — narrowleaf goosefootChenopodium leptophyllumChenopodium leptophyllum is a species of flowering plant in the amaranth family known by the common name narrowleaf goosefoot.It is native to much of western North America, where it is reported from Alaska to Texas and northern Mexico, and into central Canada...
- Chenopodium pratericola — pale goosefootChenopodium pratericolaChenopodium pratericola is a species of flowering plant in the goosefoot family known by the common name desert goosefoot.It is native to much of western and central North America, where it grows in many types of open habitat, such as sagebrush, often on alkaline soils.It is an annual herb growing...
, narrowleaf goosefoot, desert goosefoot - Chenopodium salinum
- Chenopodium simplex — mapleleaf goosefoot, giantseed goosefoot
- Chenopodium standleyanum — Standley's goosefoot
- Chimaphila — pipsissewas
- Chimaphila maculata — striped pipsissewaChimaphila maculataChimaphila maculata is a small , perennial evergreen herb native to eastern North America and Central America, from southern Quebec west to Illinois, and south to Florida and Panama.It has dark green, variegated leaves 2-7 cm in length, and 6-26 mm in...
, striped wintergreen, spotted wintergreen, striped prince's pine Endangered - Chimaphila umbellata — pipsissewaChimaphila umbellataChimaphila umbellata is a small perennial flowering plant found in dry woodlands, or sandy soils. It is native throughout the cool temperate Northern Hemisphere....
, prince's pine
- Chimaphila maculata — striped pipsissewa
- Chrysanthemum — daisies
- Chrysanthemum arcticum — arctic daisy
- Chrysosplenium — saxifrages
- Chrysosplenium americanum — golden saxifrage, American watermat, American golden saxifrage
- Chrysosplenium tetrandrum — alternate-leaf watermat, northern golden saxifrage, northern golden-carpet
Ci
- Cicuta — water hemlocks
- Cicuta bulbifera — bulb-bearing water hemlock
- Cicuta maculata — spotted water hemlockCicuta maculataCicuta maculata is a species of flowering plant in the carrot family known by several common names, including spotted water hemlock, spotted parsley, spotted cowbane, and the suicide root by the Iroquois. It is native to nearly all of North America, from northern Canada to southern Mexico...
, spotted cowbane, musquash-root, beaver-poison - Cicuta virosa — MacKenzie's water hemlockCicuta virosaCicuta virosa is a species of Cicuta, native to northern and central Europe, northern Asia and northwestern North America. It is a perennial herbaceous plant which grows up to 1–2 m tall. The stems are smooth, branching, swollen at the base, purple-striped, and hollow except for partitions at the...
, northern water hemlock
- Cimicifuga — cohoshes
- Cimicifuga racemosa — black cohoshCimicifuga racemosaActaea racemosa is a plant of the buttercup family . It is native to eastern North America from the extreme south of Ontario to central Georgia, and west to Missouri and Arkansas...
, black snakeroot, black bugbane
- Cimicifuga racemosa — black cohosh
- Cinna — wood reedgrasses
- Cinna arundinacea — stout wood reedgrass
- Cinna latifolia — slender wood reedgrassCinna latifoliaCinna latifolia is a species of grass known by the common name drooping woodreed. It is a native bunchgrass to the Northern Hemisphere, where it has a circumboreal distribution. It grows in moist habitat, such as forest understory and riverbanks. It reaches nearly two meters in maximum height...
, drooping woodreed, broadleaf woodgrass
- Circaea — enchanter's nightshades
- Circaea alpina — dwarf enchanter's nightshade, small enchanter's nightshade
- Circaea lutetiana — Canada enchanter's nightshadeCircaea lutetianaCircaea lutetiana is a plant in the evening primrose family, Onagraceae.The genus name comes from the enchantress Circe of Greek mythology and the generic designation is derived from Lutetia, the Latin name for Paris. Paris at one time was known as the "Witch City"...
, southern broadleaf enchanter's nightshade
- Cirsium — thistles
- Cirsium discolor — pasture thistleCirsium discolorCirsium discolor is a species of thistle in the genus Cirsium. Field thistle has a pink or lavender flower that blooms in late summer/early fall. Field thistle is common and lives in most moist areas of eastern North America....
, field thistle - Cirsium drummondii — Drummond's thistle, short-stem thistle, dwarf thistle
- Cirsium flodmanii — prairie thistle, woolly thistle, Flodman's thistle
- Cirsium hillii — Hill's thistleCirsium hilliiCirsium pumilum var. hillii is a type of thistle endemic to North America. The common name for this plant is Hill’s thistle . Alternate names for this plant include Cirsium hillii and Cirsium pumilum subsp...
Threatened - Cirsium muticum — swamp thistle, dunce nettle, horsetops
- Cirsium pitcheri — Pitcher's thistle, sand dune thistle
- Cirsium discolor — pasture thistle
Cl
- Cladium — twigrushes
- Cladium mariscoides — twigrush, smooth sawgrass
- Claytonia — spring beauties
- Claytonia caroliniana — Carolina spring beauty
- Claytonia virginica — eastern spring beautyClaytonia virginicaClaytonia virginica, the Eastern spring beauty, Virginia spring beauty, or fairy-spuds, is a flowering plant in the family Portulacaceae, native to eastern North America. It is found in moist woods and clearings. It is a trailing plant growing to 5-40 cm long. The leaves are slender lanceolate,...
, narrowleaf spring beauty, Virginia spring beauty
- Clematis — virgin's-bowers
- Clematis occidentalis — western blue virgin's-bowerClematis occidentalisClematis occidentalis is a species of flowering plant in the buttercup family known by the common name western blue virginsbower. It is native to much of southern Canada and the northern United States. There are three varieties: var. occidentalis is limited to the eastern half of the species'...
, purple clematis, rock clematis, purple virgin's-bower - Clematis virginiana — Virginia virgin's-bowerClematis virginianaClematis virginiana Clematis virginiana Clematis virginiana (also known as Devil's Darning Needles, Devil's Hair, Love Vine, Traveller's Joy, Virgin's Bower, Virginia Virgin's Bower, Wild Hops , and Woodbine; syn. Clematis virginiana L. var...
, Devil's darning-needles
- Clematis occidentalis — western blue virgin's-bower
- Clinopodium — dog mints
- Clinopodium vulgare — dog mint, wild basil, cushion calamint
- Clintonia — blue-bead lilies
- Clintonia borealis — blue-bead lilyBlue-bead lilyClintonia borealis , is a perennial forest plant found in eastern North America...
, cornlily, poisonberry, yellow clintonia
- Clintonia borealis — blue-bead lily
Co
- Coeloglossum — green orchises
- Coeloglossum viride var. viriscens — long-bract green orchis
- Coeloglossum viride var. viride — bracted orchid
- Collinsia — horsebalms
- Collinsia canadensis — Canada horsebalm, northern horsebalm, stoneroot, richweed
- Collinsia parviflora — bluelipsCollinsia parvifloraCollinsia parviflora is a species of flowering plant in the figwort family known by the common names maiden blue eyed Mary and small-flowered collinsia. This tiny wildflower is a common plant throughout much of western and northern North America, where it grows in moist, shady mountain forests...
, small blue-eyed Mary
- Collomia — glueseeds
- Collomia linearis — glueseedCollomia linearisCollomia linearis is a species of flowering plant in the phlox family known by the common names tiny trumpet and slenderleaf collomia. This tiny wildflower is native to North America where it is fairly widespread across the north and west. It is an annual herb with a velvety erect stem bearing...
, narrowleaf collomia
- Collomia linearis — glueseed
- Comandra — comandras
- Comandra umbellata — bastard toadflax, star toadflax
- Comptonia — sweetferns
- Comptonia peregrina — sweetfernComptoniaComptonia is a monotypic genus in the family Myricaceae, order Fagales. It is native to eastern North America, from southern Quebec south to the extreme north of Georgia, and west to Minnesota. The common name is Sweetfern or Sweet-fern, a confusing name as it is not a fern.It is a deciduous...
- Comptonia peregrina — sweetfern
- Conioselinum — hemlock parsleys
- Conioselinum chinense — hemlock parsley
- Conopholis— squawroots
- Conopholis americana — squawrootConopholis americanaConopholis americana, American cancer-root or squawroot or bear corn, is a perennial, non-photosynthesizing parasitic plant, from the family Orobanchaceae and more recently from the genus Conopholis but also listed as Orobanche, native but not endemic to North America and when blooming, resembles...
- Conopholis americana — squawroot
- Conyza — fleabanes
- Conyza canadensis — Canada fleabaneConyza canadensisConyza canadensis is an annual plant native throughout most of North America and Central America. Common names include Horseweed, Canadian Horseweed, Canadian Fleabane, Coltstail, Marestail and Butterweed.It is an annual plant growing to 1.5 m tall, with sparsely hairy stems...
, horseweed, butterweed
- Conyza canadensis — Canada fleabane
- Coptis — goldthreads
- Coptis trifolia — goldthreadCoptis trifoliaThreeleaf Goldthread or Savoyane is a perennial plant in the genus Coptis, a member of the Ranunculaceae family.It has one small, deeply three-lobed, evergreen leaf rising from the ground....
, canker-root, yellow snakeroot
- Coptis trifolia — goldthread
- Corallorrhiza — coralroots
- Corallorrhiza maculata — spotted coralrootCorallorrhiza maculataCorallorhiza maculata, or spotted coralroot, is a North American coralroot orchid flower. Varieties are also known as western coralroot and summer coralroot. It is found from Mexico and Baja California, through California and most of the United States except the Southeast, and across Canada...
- Corallorrhiza odontorhiza — autumn coralroot
- Corallorrhiza striata — striped coralroot
- Corallorrhiza trifida — early coralroot, pale coralroot, northern coralroot
- Corallorrhiza maculata — spotted coralroot
- Coreopsis — tickseeds
- Coreopsis lanceolata — lanceleaf tickseedLance-leaved coreopsisThe lance-leaved coreopsis, Coreopsis lanceolata, is a species of coreopsis . This perennial is a native plant found throughout the eastern part of the United States and in many parts of the western U.S., Canada, and Mexico....
, garden coreopsis, long-stalked coreopsis - Coreopsis tripteris — tall coreopsisCoreopsis tripterisCoreopsis tripteris is a plant species of the genus Coreopsis in Asteraceae. Coreopsis species are commonly called tickseeds. This species is one of the tallest growing coreopsis and plants bloom late summer into fall. Native from Eastern and Central United States, were it is found growing in...
- Coreopsis lanceolata — lanceleaf tickseed
- Corispermum — bugseeds
- Corispermum americanum — American bugseed
- Corispermum hookeri — Hooker's bugseed
- Corispermum pallasii — Pallas' bugseed
- Corispermum villosum — hairy bugseed
- Cornus — dogwoods
- Cornus alternifolia — alternate-leaf dogwoodPagoda DogwoodPagoda dogwood , also known as alternate-leaved Dogwood, is a species of dogwood native to eastern North America, from Newfoundland west to southern Manitoba and Minnesota, and south to northern Florida and Mississippi...
, pagoda dogwood, green osier - Cornus amomum subsp. amomum — silky dogwoodCornus amomumCornus amomum is a species of dogwood native to eastern North America, from Ontario and Quebec south to Arkansas and Georgia. Also found in other parts of North America....
, red willow, swamp dogwood - Cornus amomum subsp. obliqua
- Cornus canadensis — Canada bunchberry, crackerberry, dwarf cornel
- Cornus drummondii — roughleaf dogwoodCornus drummondiiCornus drummondii, commonly known as the Roughleaf Dogwood, is a small deciduous tree that is native primarily to the Great Plains and Midwestern reigons of the United States. It is also found around the Mississippi River. It is uncommon in the wild, and is mostly found around forest borders...
, Drummond's dogwood - Cornus florida — eastern flowering dogwoodFlowering DogwoodCornus florida is a species of dogwood native to eastern North America, from southern Maine west to southern Ontario, Illinois, and eastern Kansas, and south to northern Florida and eastern Texas, with a disjunct population in Nuevo León and Veracruz in eastern Mexico.-Classification:The flowering...
, common white dogwood - Cornus foemina — stiff dogwood, English dogwood, stiff cornel
- Cornus rugosa — roundleaf dogwood
- Cornus stolonifera — red-osier dogwood
- Cornus alternifolia — alternate-leaf dogwood
- Corydalis — corydalises
- Corydalis aurea — golden corydalisCorydalis aureaCorydalis aurea is a winter annual native to North America.Root is a branching caudex...
- Corydalis flavula — yellow corydalisCorydalis flavulaCorydalis flavula is an annual plant native to the eastern United States.-External links:**...
- Corydalis sempervirens — pale corydalis
- Corydalis aurea — golden corydalis
- Corylus — hazelnuts
- Corylus americana — American hazelnutCorylus americanaCorylus americana, the American Hazelnut, is a species of the genus Corylus that is native to eastern North America.It is a medium to large shrub that under some conditions can take the form of a small tree...
, American filbert - Corylus cornuta — beaked hazelnut, beaked filbert
- Corylus americana — American hazelnut
Cr
- Crassula — pygmyweeds
- Crassula aquatica — water pygmyweedCrassula aquaticaCrassula aquatica is a succulent plant known by the common names water pygmyweed and common pygmyweed. It is an annual plant of salt marshes, vernal pools, wetlands, and other fresh to brackish water bodies. It is at least partially aquatic, living in areas which are submersed much of the time...
- Crassula aquatica — water pygmyweed
- Crataegus — hawthorns
- Crataegus apiomorpha
- Crataegus beata
- Crataegus brainerdii — Brainerd's hawthorn
- Crataegus calpodendron — pear hawthornCrataegus calpodendronCrataegus calpodendron is a species of hawthorn native to much of the eastern US and to Ontario, Canada. The common name late hawthorn refers to the flowering time, which is later than most North American hawthorns.-References and external links:...
- Crataegus chrysocarpa var. aboriginum
- Crataegus chrysocarpa var. chrysocarpa — fireberry hawthornCrataegus chrysocarpaCrataegus chrysocarpa is a species of hawthorn that is native to much of the continental US and Canada. Common names fireberry hawthorn and goldenberry hawthorn, as well as the scientific name all refer to the colour of the unripe fruit, although the mature fruit is red.Three varieties C....
, roundleaf hawthorn - Crataegus chrysocarpa var. phoenicea
- Crataegus coccinea var. coccinea — scarlet hawthornCrataegus coccineaCrataegus coccinea is a species of Hawthorn around which there is considerable confusion because the name has been misapplied for a long time. It has been shown to be the same as C. pedicellata, and under the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, that older name Crataegus coccinea (common...
- Crataegus coccinea var. fulleriana — Fuller's hawthornCrataegus coccineaCrataegus coccinea is a species of Hawthorn around which there is considerable confusion because the name has been misapplied for a long time. It has been shown to be the same as C. pedicellata, and under the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, that older name Crataegus coccinea (common...
- Crataegus cognata — white-anthered frosted hawthorn
- Crataegus comptacta
- Crataegus crus-galli — cockspur hawthornCrataegus crus-galliCrataegus crus-galli is a species of hawthorn known by the common names cockspur hawthorn and cockspur thorn. It is native to eastern North America from Ontario to Texas to Florida, and it is widely used in horticulture. This is a small tree growing up to about 10 meters tall and 8 meters wide,...
- Crataegus dilatata
- Crataegus dissona
- Crataegus dodgei var. dodgei — Dodge's hawthorn
- Crataegus dodgei var. flavida
- Crataegus douglasii — black hawthornCrataegus douglasiiCrataegus douglasii is a North American species of hawthorn known by the common names black hawthorn and Douglas' thornapple. It is named after David Douglas, who collected seed from the plant during his botanical explorations....
, Douglas' hawthorn - Crataegus flabellata — fanleaf hawthornCrataegus flabellataCrataegus flabellata is a species of hawthorn known by the common name fanleaf hawthorn. It is native to the northeastern U.S. and adjacent Canada. It is intermediate in appearance between C. macrosperma and C. chrysocarpa. C. macrosperma, which occurs throughout the range of C. flabellata and also...
, Bosc's thorn, New England hawthorn - Crataegus formosa
- Crataegus irrasa — unshorn thorn, Blanchard's thorn
- Crataegus lumaria
- Crataegus macracantha — longthorn hawthorn, largethorn hawthorn
- Crataegus macrosperma — bigfruit hawthornCrataegus macrospermaCrataegus macrosperma is a species of hawthorn native to most of the eastern U.S. and adjacent Canada, though uncommon at lower altitudes in the south. It is sometimes misidentified as C. flabellata.-References and external links:*...
, variable thorn - Crataegus magniflora
- Crataegus margeretta
- Crataegus mollis — downy hawthornDowny HawthornCrataegus mollis, known as Downy Hawthorn or Red Hawthorn, occurs in eastern North America from southeastern North Dakota east to Nova Scotia and southwest to eastern Texas. This tree inhabits wooded bottomlands, the prairie border, and the midwest savanna understorey.This tree grows to 10–13 m...
, red haw - Crataegus pennsylvanica
- Crataegus perjucunda — Middlesex frosted hawthorn
- Crataegus persimilis — plumleaf hawthorn
- Crataegus populnea
- Crataegus pringlei — Pringle's hawthorn
- Crataegus pruinosa var. parvula
- Crataegus pruinosa var. pruinosa — waxy-fruit hawthornCrataegus pruinosaCrataegus pruinosa is a species of hawthorn known by the common name frosted hawthorn. It is native to a wide area of the eastern US and southern Canada, and is sometimes considered to be several species, rather than just one....
, frosted hawthorn - Crataegus punctata — dotted hawthornCrataegus punctataCrataegus punctata is a species of hawthorn known by the common names dotted hawthorn or white haw that is native to most of the eastern U.S. and eastern Canada. It is the state flower of Missouri....
- Crataegus rugosa — broadleaf frosted hawthorn
- Crataegus scabrida
- Crataegus schuettei — royal hawthorn
- Crataegus submollis — Québec hawthornCrataegus submollisCrataegus submollis is a species of hawthorn that grows to about 10 m in height and typically carries large crops of red fruit.This species is closely related to C. mollis, but the two species have separate native ranges. Amongst other differences between these two species, C. mollis has...
, Emerson's hawthorn - Crataegus suborbiculata — Caughuawaga hawthorn
- Crataegus succulenta — fleshy hawthornCrataegus succulentaCrataegus succulenta is a species of hawthorn known by the common names fleshy hawthorn and succulent hawthorn. It is "the most wide-ranging hawthorn in North America", native to much of southern Canada, and the United States as far south as Arizona, New Mexico, Kansas, Missouri, North Carolina,...
, longspine hawthorn - Crataegus tenax
- Cryptogramma — rockbrakes
- Cryptogramma acrostichoides — American rockbrakeCryptogramma acrostichoidesCryptogramma acrostichoides is a species of fern known by the common names American parsley fern and American rockbrake. It is native to most of western North America, where it grows in the cracks of rocks in many types of mountainous habitat....
, parsleyfern, mountain parsley - Cryptogramma stelleri — Steller's rockbrake, slender cliffbrake, fragile rockbrake
- Cryptogramma acrostichoides — American rockbrake
- Cryptotaenia — honeworts
- Cryptotaenia canadensis — Canada honewort
Cu
- Cuscuta — dodders
- Cuscuta campestris — field dodderCuscuta campestrisCuscuta campestris is a parasitic plant which belongs to the family Convolvulaceae, but was formerly classified in the family Cuscutaceae. It is a parasite of a wide range of herbaceous plants but is most important as a pest of lucerne and other legumes...
- Cuscuta cephalanthi — buttonbush dodder
- Cuscuta coryli — hazel dodder
- Cuscuta gronovii — common dodder, scaldweed, swamp dodder, Gronovius dodder
- Cuscuta campestris — field dodder
Cy
- Cycloloma — pigweeds
- Cycloloma atriplicifolium — winged pigweed
- Cynoglossum — comfreys
- Cynoglossum boreale — northern wild comfrey
- Cyperus — flatsedges
- Cyperus bipartitus — river cyperusCyperus bipartitusCyperus bipartitus is a common species of sedge known by several common names, including shining flatsedge and river cyperus. The name "slender flatsedge" is also sometimes used but more properly applies to Cyperus gracilis. C...
, shining flatsedge - Cyperus dentatus — toothed umbrella-sedge
- Cyperus diandrus — umbrella sedge
- Cyperus erythrorhizos — redroot flatsedgeCyperus erythrorhizosCyperus erythrorhizos is a species of sedge known by the common name redroot flatsedge. It is found throughout North America from central Canada to central Mexico. It is a plant of wet areas such as rivers and ditches, generally at low elevations. It gets its common and scientific names from the...
- Cyperus esculentus — yellow nutgrassCyperus esculentusCyperus esculentus is a species of sedge native to warm temperate to subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere, often cultivated for its edible tubers . It is an annual or perennial plant, growing to 90 cm tall, with solitary stems growing from a tuber...
, yellow umbrella sedge, chufa flatsedge - Cyperus flavescens — yellow cyperus
- Cyperus houghtonii — Houghton's flatsedge, Houghton's cyperus
- Cyperus lupulinus subsp. macilentus
- Cyperus odoratus — rusty flatsedgeCyperus odoratusCyperus odoratus is a species of sedge known by the common names fragrant flatsedge and rusty flatsedge. This plant can be found in much of the tropical and warm temperate world, including South, Central, and North America, much of Asia and the Pacific, Australia, and parts of Africa. It is a plant...
- Cyperus schweinitzii — Schweinitz' umbrella sedge, Schweinitz' flatsedge
- Cyperus squarrosus — awned cyperusCyperus squarrosusCyperus squarrosus is a species of sedge known by several common names, including bearded flatsedge and awned flatsedge. It is found in wet environments nearly worldwide. It is a small sedge, reaching a maximum height between 10 and 16 centimeters. There are one to three short, thin leaves around...
- Cyperus strigosus — straw-coloured flatsedgeCyperus strigosusCyperus strigosus is a species of sedge known by the common names false nutsedge and straw-colored flatsedge. It is native to most of the United States and Canada, where it grows in wet areas in many habitat types, including disturbed and cultivated areas such as roadsides and crop fields. It is...
- Cyperus bipartitus — river cyperus
- Cypripedium — lady's-slippers
- Cypripedium acaule — pink lady's-slipperCypripedium acauleCypripedium acaule is a member of the orchid genus Cypripedium. Members of this genus are commonly referred to as lady's slipper orchids. First described in 1700, C. acaule is commonly referred to as the Pink Lady's Slipper, Stemless Lady's-slipper, or Moccasin Flower...
, pink moccasin flower - Cypripedium arietinum — ram's-head lady's-slipperCypripedium arietinumThe rare Ram's-Head Lady's-Slipper is an orchid that is native to the alvars around the Great Lakes in North America.The plant grows to 10-40 cm , and the flowers may reach 1-2 cm...
- Cypripedium candidum — small white lady's-slipperCypripedium candidumCypripedium candidum, also known as Small White Lady's Slipper or White Lady's Slipper, is a rare orchid of the Cypripedium genus. It is found in wet prairies and fens, in rich, highly calcareous soils, sedge meadow edges, calcareous roadside and railway ditches. Cypripedium candidum grows to a...
Endangered - Cypripedium parviflorum var. makasin — northern small-flowered yellow lady's-slipperCypripedium parviflorumCypripedium parviflorum, commonly known as Yellow Lady's Slipper or Mocassin Flower is a Lady's Slipper orchid found in North America.-External links:* * , Digital Flora of Newfoundland and Labrador...
- Cypripedium parviflorum var. pubescens — large yellow lady's-slipperCypripedium parviflorumCypripedium parviflorum, commonly known as Yellow Lady's Slipper or Mocassin Flower is a Lady's Slipper orchid found in North America.-External links:* * , Digital Flora of Newfoundland and Labrador...
, yellow moccasin flower, flat-petalled yellow lady's-slipper, golden slipper, whip-poor-will's shoe - Cypripedium passerinum — sparrow's-egg lady's-slipperCypripedium passerinumCypripedium passerinum is a species of lady's slipper orchid known by the common names sparrow's-egg lady's-slipper, spotted lady's-slipper, and Franklin's lady's-slipper. It is native to northern North America, where it occurs in Alaska and much of western and central Canada, its distribution...
, Franklin's lady's-slipper - Cypripedium reginae — showy lady's-slipperCypripedium reginaeThe Showy Lady's-slipper , also known as the Pink-and-white Lady's-slipper or the Queen's Lady's-slipper, is a rare terrestrial temperate lady's-slipper orchid native to northern North America....
, queen lady's-slipper
- Cypripedium acaule — pink lady's-slipper
- Cystopteris —
- Cystopteris bulbifera — bulblet bladder fernCystopteris bulbiferaCystopteris bulbifera ' is a low-growing rock fern with creeping stems and narrow elongate deltate fronds which grow to 75 cm , native to eastern North America with two disjunct populations in the west. It is found only on calcareous substrates such as limestone. It commonly festoons limestone cave...
- Cystopteris fragilis — fragile fernCystopteris fragilisCystopteris fragilis is a species of fern known by the common names brittle bladderfern and common fragile fern. It can be found worldwide, generally in shady, moist areas. The leaves are up to 30 or 40 centimeters long and are borne on fleshy petioles. Each leaf is divided into many pairs of...
, brittle bladder fern - Cystopteris laurentiana — Laurentian bladder fern, Laurentian fragile fern
- Cystopteris montana — mountain bladder fernCystopteris montanaCystopteris montana is a species of fern known by the common name mountain bladderfern. It occurs throughout the high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, in Eurasia, Greenland, and Alaska, and throughout Canada. It is also present in the higher elevations in Colorado farther south.This fern...
- Cystopteris protrusa — lowland brittle fernCystopteris protrusaCystopteris protrusa is a common fern of eastern North America. Throughout much of its range, it is the most common Cystopteris. It is commonly known as the lowland brittle fern or lowland fragile fern...
- Cystopteris tenuis — MacKay's brittle fernCystopteris tenuisCystopteris tenuis is sometimes known as Mackay's bladder fern or Mackay's fragile fern. It was long considered to be a part of the superspecies for fragile ferns, as Cystopteris fragilis Bernh. var. mackayi Lawson....
- Cystopteris bulbifera — bulblet bladder fern