Leopoldo Lugones
Encyclopedia
Leopoldo Lugones Argüello (13 June 1874 – 18 February 1938) was an Argentine writer and journalist.
, a city in Córdoba Province, in Argentina
's Catholic heartland, Lugones belonged to a family of landed gentry. He first worked for La Montaña
, a newspaper, and was in favour with the aristocratic Manuel Quintana
, a candidate to become a president of Argentina. This brought him first to Buenos Aires
in 1896, where his literary talent developed quickly.
That year, he married Juana Agudelo, from whom he had a son, Polo Lugones, who would become the notorious chief of the Federal Police
during the dictatorship of José Félix Uriburu
.
n literary current known as Modernismo
. This was a form of Parnassianism influenced by Symbolism
. He was also the author of the incredibly dense and rich historical novel
La Guerra Gaucha
(1905). He was an impassioned journalist, polemicist and public speaker who at first was a Socialist, later a conservative
/traditionalist
and finally a supporter of Fascism
and as such an inspiration for a group of rightist
intellectuals such as Juan Carulla
and Rodolfo Irazusta
.
Leopoldo Lugones went to Europe in 1906, 1911, 1913 and in 1930, in which latter year he supported the coup d'état
against the aging Radical
party president, Hipólito Yrigoyen
.
In early 1938, the despairing and disillusioned Lugones committed suicide by taking a mixture of whisky
and cyanide
while staying at the river resort of El Tigre
in Buenos Aires
.
Argentine
historical drama and epic film
directed by Lucas Demare
and starring Enrique Muiño, Francisco Petrone
, Ángel Magaña
, and Amelia Bence
. The film's script, written by Homero Manzi
and Ulyses Petit de Murat
, is based on the novel by Leopoldo Lugones published in 1905. The film premiered in Buenos Aires
on November 20, 1942 and is considered by critics of Argentine cinema as one of the most successful films in the history of the cinema.
Early life
Born in Villa de María del Río SecoVilla de María del Río Seco
Villa de María del Río Seco is a town in the province of Córdoba, Argentina. It has 3,819 inhabitants per the , and is the head town of the Río Seco Department...
, a city in Córdoba Province, in Argentina
Argentina
Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
's Catholic heartland, Lugones belonged to a family of landed gentry. He first worked for La Montaña
La Montaña
La Montaña was a revolutionary socialist periodical published in Argentina. The newspaper was directed by José Ingenieros and Leopoldo Lugones. The first issue was published on April 1, 1897...
, a newspaper, and was in favour with the aristocratic Manuel Quintana
Manuel Quintana
Manuel Pedro Quintana y Sáenz de Gaona was the President of Argentina from 12 October 1904 to 12 March 1906. He died in office....
, a candidate to become a president of Argentina. This brought him first to Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires is the capital and largest city of Argentina, and the second-largest metropolitan area in South America, after São Paulo. It is located on the western shore of the estuary of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern coast of the South American continent...
in 1896, where his literary talent developed quickly.
That year, he married Juana Agudelo, from whom he had a son, Polo Lugones, who would become the notorious chief of the Federal Police
Policía Federal Argentina
The Policía Federal Argentina is a police force of the Argentine federal government. The PFA has detachments throughout the country, but its main responsibility is policing the Federal District of Buenos Aires...
during the dictatorship of José Félix Uriburu
José Félix Uriburu
General José Félix Benito Uriburu y Uriburu was the first de facto President of Argentina, achieved through a military coup, from September 6, 1930 to February 20, 1932.-Biography:...
.
Career
Lugones was the leading Argentine exponent of the Latin AmericaLatin America
Latin America is a region of the Americas where Romance languages – particularly Spanish and Portuguese, and variably French – are primarily spoken. Latin America has an area of approximately 21,069,500 km² , almost 3.9% of the Earth's surface or 14.1% of its land surface area...
n literary current known as Modernismo
Modernismo
Modernismo is Spanish for modernism, however the term Modernism also indicates a more specific art movement:* Modernismo refers to a Spanish-American literary movement, best exemplified by Rubén Darío...
. This was a form of Parnassianism influenced by Symbolism
Symbolism (arts)
Symbolism was a late nineteenth-century art movement of French, Russian and Belgian origin in poetry and other arts. In literature, the style had its beginnings with the publication Les Fleurs du mal by Charles Baudelaire...
. He was also the author of the incredibly dense and rich historical novel
Historical novel
According to Encyclopædia Britannica, a historical novel is-Development:An early example of historical prose fiction is Luó Guànzhōng's 14th century Romance of the Three Kingdoms, which covers one of the most important periods of Chinese history and left a lasting impact on Chinese culture.The...
La Guerra Gaucha
La guerra gaucha (novel)
La Guerra Gaucha is the first book, outside of his published poems of the Argentine writer Leopoldo Lugones which he wrote in 1905. It is a book of stories about the gaucho guerrilla war they fought, commanded by Martín Miguel de Güemes, against the Spanish royalist during the Argentine War of...
(1905). He was an impassioned journalist, polemicist and public speaker who at first was a Socialist, later a conservative
Conservatism
Conservatism is a political and social philosophy that promotes the maintenance of traditional institutions and supports, at the most, minimal and gradual change in society. Some conservatives seek to preserve things as they are, emphasizing stability and continuity, while others oppose modernism...
/traditionalist
Carlism
Carlism is a traditionalist and legitimist political movement in Spain seeking the establishment of a separate line of the Bourbon family on the Spanish throne. This line descended from Infante Carlos, Count of Molina , and was founded due to dispute over the succession laws and widespread...
and finally a supporter of Fascism
Fascism
Fascism is a radical authoritarian nationalist political ideology. Fascists seek to rejuvenate their nation based on commitment to the national community as an organic entity, in which individuals are bound together in national identity by suprapersonal connections of ancestry, culture, and blood...
and as such an inspiration for a group of rightist
Right-wing politics
In politics, Right, right-wing and rightist generally refer to support for a hierarchical society justified on the basis of an appeal to natural law or tradition. To varying degrees, the Right rejects the egalitarian objectives of left-wing politics, claiming that the imposition of equality is...
intellectuals such as Juan Carulla
Juan Carulla
Juan Emiliano Carulla was an Argentine physician and nationalist politician.In his early years Carulla was a supporter of anarchism but this was to change after a trip to Europe during the First World War...
and Rodolfo Irazusta
Rodolfo Irazusta
Rodolfo Irazusta was an Argentine writer and politician who was one of the leading lights of the nationalist movement of the 1920s and 1930s. He collaborated closely with his younger brother Julio Irazusta throughout his career....
.
Leopoldo Lugones went to Europe in 1906, 1911, 1913 and in 1930, in which latter year he supported the coup d'état
Coup d'état
A coup d'état state, literally: strike/blow of state)—also known as a coup, putsch, and overthrow—is the sudden, extrajudicial deposition of a government, usually by a small group of the existing state establishment—typically the military—to replace the deposed government with another body; either...
against the aging Radical
Radical Civic Union
The Radical Civic Union is a political party in Argentina. The party's positions on issues range from liberal to social democratic. The UCR is a member of the Socialist International. Founded in 1891 by radical liberals, it is the oldest political party active in Argentina...
party president, Hipólito Yrigoyen
Hipólito Yrigoyen
Juan Hipólito del Sagrado Corazón de Jesús Irigoyen Alem was twice President of Argentina . His activism became the prime impetus behind the obtainment of universal suffrage in Argentina in 1912...
.
In early 1938, the despairing and disillusioned Lugones committed suicide by taking a mixture of whisky
Whisky
Whisky or whiskey is a type of distilled alcoholic beverage made from fermented grain mash. Different grains are used for different varieties, including barley, malted barley, rye, malted rye, wheat, and corn...
and cyanide
Cyanide
A cyanide is a chemical compound that contains the cyano group, -C≡N, which consists of a carbon atom triple-bonded to a nitrogen atom. Cyanides most commonly refer to salts of the anion CN−. Most cyanides are highly toxic....
while staying at the river resort of El Tigre
Tigre, Buenos Aires
Tigre is a town in the Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, situated in the north of Greater Buenos Aires, north of Buenos Aires city. Tigre lies on the Paraná Delta and is an important tourist and weekend attraction, easily reached by bus and train services, including the scenic Tren de la Costa...
in Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires is the capital and largest city of Argentina, and the second-largest metropolitan area in South America, after São Paulo. It is located on the western shore of the estuary of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern coast of the South American continent...
.
Poetry
- Las montañas del oro (1897)
- Los crepúsculos del jardín (1905)
- Lunario sentimental (1909)
- Odas seculares (1910)
- El libro fiel (1912)
- El libro de los paisajes (1917)
- Las horas doradas (1922)
- Romances del río seco (posthumously, 1939)
La Guerra Gaucha
La guerra gaucha (The Gaucho War) is a 1942Argentine films of 1942
-1942:-External links and references:* at the Internet Movie Database...
Argentine
Argentina
Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
historical drama and epic film
Epic film
An epic is a genre of film that emphasizes human drama on a grand scale. Epics are more ambitious in scope than other film genres, and their ambitious nature helps to differentiate them from similar genres such as the period piece or adventure film...
directed by Lucas Demare
Lucas Demare
Lucas Demare was an Argentine film director, screenwriter and film producer prominent in the Cinema of Argentina in the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s....
and starring Enrique Muiño, Francisco Petrone
Francisco Petrone
Francisco Petrone was an Argentine film actor.He is best known for his roles in the 1940s in the classic film La Guerra Gaucha and Todo un hombre for which he won the Silver Condor award for Best Actor....
, Ángel Magaña
Ángel Magaña
Ángel Magaña was an Argentine film actor who appeared in some of Argentina's notable films of the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s.He was married to Nuri Montsé-Filmography:#Hotel de señoritas...
, and Amelia Bence
Amelia Bence
Amelia Bence is an Argentine film actress.-Career:Born as María Amelia Botwinik, Amelia Bence is one of the divas of the Golden Age of the Argentinian cinema...
. The film's script, written by Homero Manzi
Homero Manzi
Homero Nicolás Manzioni Prestera, better known as Homero Manzi was an Argentine Tango lyricist, author of various famous tangos....
and Ulyses Petit de Murat
Ulyses Petit de Murat
Ulyses Petit de Murat was an Argentine poet and screenwriter.He wrote the script for La Guerra Gaucha with Homero Manzi based on the 1905 novel by Leopoldo Lugones....
, is based on the novel by Leopoldo Lugones published in 1905. The film premiered in Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires is the capital and largest city of Argentina, and the second-largest metropolitan area in South America, after São Paulo. It is located on the western shore of the estuary of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern coast of the South American continent...
on November 20, 1942 and is considered by critics of Argentine cinema as one of the most successful films in the history of the cinema.