Languages of Kalimantan
Encyclopedia
There are 74 living languages in Kalimantan
. They belong to Malayo-Polynesian subgroup
of Austronesian family
. Also Tringgus-Sembaan Bidayuh language is spoken as an immigrant language.
According to Ethnologue
languages of Kalimantan are divided into 5 families:
Kalimantan
In English, the term Kalimantan refers to the Indonesian portion of the island of Borneo, while in Indonesian, the term "Kalimantan" refers to the whole island of Borneo....
. They belong to Malayo-Polynesian subgroup
Malayo-Polynesian languages
The Malayo-Polynesian languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages, with approximately 385.5 million speakers. These are widely dispersed throughout the island nations of Southeast Asia and the Pacific Ocean, with a smaller number in continental Asia...
of Austronesian family
Austronesian languages
The Austronesian languages are a language family widely dispersed throughout the islands of Southeast Asia and the Pacific, with a few members spoken on continental Asia that are spoken by about 386 million people. It is on par with Indo-European, Niger-Congo, Afroasiatic and Uralic as one of the...
. Also Tringgus-Sembaan Bidayuh language is spoken as an immigrant language.
According to Ethnologue
Ethnologue
Ethnologue: Languages of the World is a web and print publication of SIL International , a Christian linguistic service organization, which studies lesser-known languages, to provide the speakers with Bibles in their native language and support their efforts in language development.The Ethnologue...
languages of Kalimantan are divided into 5 families:
| Family | Code on a map |
|---|---|
| Greater Barito | G |
| Land Dayak Land Dayak languages The Land Dayak languages are a putative group of dozen or so languages spoken by the Bidayuh Land Dayaks of Borneo.-Languages:The unity of Land Dayak as a group is dubious... |
L |
| Malayic Malayic languages The Malayic languages are a branch of the Sunda–Sulawesi languages of the Austronesian family. They include Malay, the national language of Malaysia, Indonesia, and Brunei; Minangkabau in central Sumatra; and Iban in northern Borneo.... |
M |
| North Borneo | N |
| South Sulawesi South Sulawesi languages The South Sulawesi languages are a group of languages spoken by the Bugis and related peoples of South Sulawesi province, Indonesia.-Languages:*Bugis**Buginese: Buginese, Campalagian**? Tamanic: Mbalo, Taman... |
S |
| № code ISO 639-3 ISO 639-3:2007, Codes for the representation of names of languages — Part 3: Alpha-3 code for comprehensive coverage of languages, is an international standard for language codes in the ISO 639 series. The standard describes three‐letter codes for identifying languages. It extends the ISO 639-2... |
Name | Alternative names | Dialects | Population | Year | Region | Classification | Lexical Similarity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 apg | Ampanang | 30 000 | 1981 | East Kalimantan Province, central, southeast of Tunjung, Jambu, Lamper area. | Greater Barito, Barito-Mahakam | |||
| 2 bdb | Basap | Jembayan, Bulungan, Berau, Dumaring, Binatang, Karangan. | 15 000 | 2007 | East Kalimantan Province, scattered in Bulungan, Sangkulirang, and Kutai regencies. | North Borneo, Rejang–Sajau | ||
| 3 bei | Bakati' | Bakati Nyam, Bakati Riok, Bakatiq, Bekati. | 4 000 | 1986 | Northwest near Sarawak border, Sambas and Selvas areas. | Land Dayak Land Dayak languages The Land Dayak languages are a putative group of dozen or so languages spoken by the Bidayuh Land Dayaks of Borneo.-Languages:The unity of Land Dayak as a group is dubious... , Bakati' |
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| 4 bfg | Busang Kayan | Busang, Kajan, Kajang. | Mahakam Busang, Belayan, Long Bleh. | 3 000 | 1981 | East Kalimantan Province, upper Mahakam, Oga, Belayan rivers. | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Kayan-Kenyah, Kayanic, Kayan Proper |
|
| 5 bhv | Bahau | 19 000 | 2007 | East Kalimantan Province. Northeast, north, and southeast of Busang. Long Apari, Long Pahangai, Long Bagun, and Long Hubung subdistricts, Kutai Barat Regency. | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Kayan-Kenyah, Kayanic, Kayan Proper |
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| 6 bjn | Banjar Banjar language Banjar language is the native language used by the Banjarese people of South Kalimantan, Indonesia. As many Banjarese are travelling merchants, they brought their language wherever they went all over Indonesia, even all over the world.... |
Bandjarese, Banjar Malay, Banjarese, Labuhan. | Kuala, Hulu. | 3502 300 (3500 000) | 2000 | Around Banjarmasin south and east; East Kalimantan, coastal regions of Pulau Laut, Kutai and Pasir; Central Kalimantan as far as Sampit. Also in Malaysia (Sabah). | Malayo-Sumbawan Malayo-Sumbawan languages The Malayo-Sumbawan languages are a group of languages identified by Adelaar that unites the Malayic and Chamic languages with the languages of Java and the western Lesser Sunda Islands, except for Javanese itself... , Malayic Malayic languages The Malayic languages are a branch of the Sunda–Sulawesi languages of the Austronesian family. They include Malay, the national language of Malaysia, Indonesia, and Brunei; Minangkabau in central Sumatra; and Iban in northern Borneo.... , Malay Malay languages The Malay languages are a group of closely related languages that developed from Malay outposts across Malaysia and Indonesia. They include Malay proper , Bacanese Malay, Bengkulu, Berau Malay, Cocos Islands Malay, Jambi Malay, Kedah Malay, Kota Bangun Kutai Malay, Loncong, Pattani Malay,... |
73% with Indonesian [ind], 66% with Tamuan (Malayic Dayak), 45% with Bakumpai [bkr], 35% with Ngaju [nij]. |
| 7 bkn | Bukitan | Bakatan, Bakitan, Beketan, Mangkettan, Manketa, Pakatan. | Punan Ukit, Punan Busang. | 860 (570) | 2000 | East Kalimantan Province, Iwan River, Sarawak border. Also in Malaysia (Sarawak). | North Borneo, Melanau-Kajang, Kajang | |
| 8 bkr | Bakumpai Bakumpai language Bakumpai is an Austronesian language bellonging to West Barito languages. It is spoken by about 100 000 Bakumpai people living in the central Kalimantan, Indonesia.... |
Bakambai, Bara-Jida. | Bakumpai, Mengkatip (Mangkatip, Oloh Mengkatip). | 100 000 | 2003 | Central Kalimantan Province. Kapuas and Barito rivers, northeast of Kuala Kapuas. | Greater Barito | 75% with Ngaju [nij], 45% with Banjar [bjn]. |
| 9 blj | Bolongan | Bulungan. | May be a dialect of Tidong [tid] or Segai [sge]. | 30 000 | 2002 | East Kalimantan Province, Tanjungselor area, lower Kayan River. | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Dayic, Murutic Murutic languages The Murutic languages are a family of half a dozen closely related Austronesian languages, spoken in the northern inland regions of Borneo by the Murut people.The languages are:... , Tidong Tidong languages The Tidong languages are a group of Austronesian languages spoken in Borneo by the Tidong and related peoples. They are:... |
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| 10 bqr | Burusu | Berusuh, Bulusu. | 4 350 | 2007 | East Kalimantan Province, Bulungan Regency, Sesayap subdistrict, Sekatakbunyi area, north of Sajau Basap [sjb] language. | North Borneo, Rejang–Sajau | ||
| 11 bth | Biatah Bidayuh | Biatah Biatah The Biatah language is spoken in the Malaysian state of Sarawak and the Indonesian province of Kalimantan Barat. It belongs to the Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian language family.... , Bideyu, Landu, Lundu, Pueh, Siburan. |
(8480) | 2000 | Northwest Kalimantan, on Sarawak border. Mainly in Sarawak. | Land Dayak Land Dayak languages The Land Dayak languages are a putative group of dozen or so languages spoken by the Bidayuh Land Dayaks of Borneo.-Languages:The unity of Land Dayak as a group is dubious... , Bidayuh |
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| 12 bve | Berau Malay | Berau, Merau Malay. | 11 200 | 2007 | East Kalimantan Province, central coastal area, Tanjungreder and Muaramalinau north to Sepinang south. | Malayo-Sumbawan Malayo-Sumbawan languages The Malayo-Sumbawan languages are a group of languages identified by Adelaar that unites the Malayic and Chamic languages with the languages of Java and the western Lesser Sunda Islands, except for Javanese itself... , Malayic Malayic languages The Malayic languages are a branch of the Sunda–Sulawesi languages of the Austronesian family. They include Malay, the national language of Malaysia, Indonesia, and Brunei; Minangkabau in central Sumatra; and Iban in northern Borneo.... , Malay Malay languages The Malay languages are a group of closely related languages that developed from Malay outposts across Malaysia and Indonesia. They include Malay proper , Bacanese Malay, Bengkulu, Berau Malay, Cocos Islands Malay, Jambi Malay, Kedah Malay, Kota Bangun Kutai Malay, Loncong, Pattani Malay,... |
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| 13 bvk | Bukat | 400 | 1981 | West Kalimantan Province, northeast near Sarawak border, Kapuas River, southeast of Mendalam. 3 areas. | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Kayan-Kenyah, Kayanic, Muller-Schwaner 'Punan' |
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| 14 bvu | Bukit Malay | Bukit, Meratus, Bukat. | A variant of Banjar Malay [bjn]. | 59 000 | 2007 | East Kalimantan Province, southeast, Sampanahan River, northwest of Limbungan. | Malayo-Sumbawan Malayo-Sumbawan languages The Malayo-Sumbawan languages are a group of languages identified by Adelaar that unites the Malayic and Chamic languages with the languages of Java and the western Lesser Sunda Islands, except for Javanese itself... , Malayic Malayic languages The Malayic languages are a branch of the Sunda–Sulawesi languages of the Austronesian family. They include Malay, the national language of Malaysia, Indonesia, and Brunei; Minangkabau in central Sumatra; and Iban in northern Borneo.... , Malay Malay languages The Malay languages are a group of closely related languages that developed from Malay outposts across Malaysia and Indonesia. They include Malay proper , Bacanese Malay, Bengkulu, Berau Malay, Cocos Islands Malay, Jambi Malay, Kedah Malay, Kota Bangun Kutai Malay, Loncong, Pattani Malay,... |
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| 15 byd | Benyadu' | Njadu, Nyadu, Balantiang, Balantian. | Pandu, Nyadu (Balantian, Balantiang, Njadu). | 54 000 | 2007 | West Kalimantan Province, northwest near Sarawak border, Landak and Bengkayang regencies. | Land Dayak Land Dayak languages The Land Dayak languages are a putative group of dozen or so languages spoken by the Bidayuh Land Dayaks of Borneo.-Languages:The unity of Land Dayak as a group is dubious... |
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| 16 djo | Jangkang | Jangkang proper, Pompang. | 37 000 | 2007 | West Kalimantan Province, Central Sanggau Regency, south of Balai Sebut. | Land Dayak Land Dayak languages The Land Dayak languages are a putative group of dozen or so languages spoken by the Bidayuh Land Dayaks of Borneo.-Languages:The unity of Land Dayak as a group is dubious... |
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| 17 dun | Dusun Deyah | Deah, Dejah. | 20 000 | 1981 | South Kalimantan Province, Tabalong River northeast of Bongkang. | East Barito East Barito languages The East Barito languages are a group of a dozen Dayak languages of Borneo, and most famously Malagasy, the national language of Madagascar. They are named after the Barito River.The languages are,*Central–South**Dusun Deyah... |
53% with Lawangan [lbx], 52% with Tawoyan [twy]. | |
| 18 duq | Dusun Malang | Bayan, Dusun Malang. Most similar to Ma'anyan [mhy], Paku [pku], Dusun Witu [duw], Malagasy [plt]. | 4500 (2000 Bayan) | 2003 | Central Kalimantan Province, North Barito Regency, west of Muarainu, northeast of Muarateweh. | Greater Barito | 90% between the 2 dialects. | |
| 19 duw | Dusun Witu | Dusun Pepas, Dusun Witu. Most similar to Ma'anyan [mhy], Paku, Dusun Malang [duq], Malagasy [plt]. | 5 000 | 2003 | Central Kalimantan Province, South Barito Regency, Pendang and Buntokecil regions; south of Muarateweh. | Greater Barito | 75% with Ma'anyan, 73% with Paku [pku]. | |
| 20 emb | Embaloh Embaloh language Mbalo is an Austronesian language of Borneo. Apart from Taman, it is not close to other languages, and its classification has long been controversial. Adelaar and Himmelmann propose that it was especially close to Buginese... |
Malo, Maloh, Matoh, Mbaloh, Memaloh, Palin, Pari, Sangau, Sanggau. | Kalis (Kalis Maloh, Kalis Dayak). Kalis may be a separate language. | 10 000 | 1991 | West Kalimantan Province, Kapuas Hulu Regency, south of Sarawak border, upper Kapuas River: Embaloh, Leboyan, Lauh, Palin, Nyabau, Mandai, and Kalis tributaries. | South Sulawesi South Sulawesi languages The South Sulawesi languages are a group of languages spoken by the Bugis and related peoples of South Sulawesi province, Indonesia.-Languages:*Bugis**Buginese: Buginese, Campalagian**? Tamanic: Mbalo, Taman... , Bugis, Tamanic Tamanic languages The Tamanic languages are a small group of languages of Indonesian Borneo:The classification of the Tamanic languages, usually represented by Mbalo alone, is unclear. Long left unclassified, Adelaar and Himmelmann took the view that it was especially close to Buginese... |
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| 21 hov | Hovongan | Punan Bungan. | Hovongan, Penyavung, Semukung Uheng. | 1 000 | 1991 | West Kalimantan Province near Sarawak and East Kalimantan Province borders; Kapuas Hulu Regency, far northeast corner. | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Kayan-Kenyah, Kayanic, Muller-Schwaner 'Punan' |
69% with Kereho [xke], 67% with Aoheng [pni]. |
| 22 iba | Iban Iban language The Iban language is spoken by the Iban, a branch of the Dayak ethnic group formerly known as "Sea Dayak" who live in Sarawak, the Indonesian province of Kalimantan Barat and in Brunei. It belongs to the Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian language family, and is related to Malay, more... |
Sea Dayak. | Batang Lupar, Bugau, Kantu', Ketungau (Air Tabun, Sigarau, Seklau, Sekapat, Banjur, Sebaru', Demam, Maung, Sesat). | 15 000 in Kalimantan | 2003 | West Kalimantan Province, Sarawak border. | Malayo-Sumbawan Malayo-Sumbawan languages The Malayo-Sumbawan languages are a group of languages identified by Adelaar that unites the Malayic and Chamic languages with the languages of Java and the western Lesser Sunda Islands, except for Javanese itself... , Malayic Malayic languages The Malayic languages are a branch of the Sunda–Sulawesi languages of the Austronesian family. They include Malay, the national language of Malaysia, Indonesia, and Brunei; Minangkabau in central Sumatra; and Iban in northern Borneo.... , Ibanic Ibanic languages The Ibanic or Malayic-Dayak languages are a branch of the Malayic languages indigenous to western Borneo. They are spoken by the Iban, Selako, Kendayan, and other Dayak peoples.... |
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| 23 kkx | Kohin | Bahasa Seruyan, Seruyan. | 8 000 | 2003 | Central Kalimantan Province, Kotawaringin Timur Regency, central and north Seruyan River area. 10 villages. | Western Barito | 60%–65% with Ot Danum [otd], 50%–69% with Ngaju [nij]. | |
| 24 knl | Keninjal | Dayak Kaninjal, Kaninjal, Kaninjal Dayak. | Kubing. | 32 000 | 2007 | West Kalimantan Province, Sayan and Melawi rivers, Nangapinoh, Nangaella, Nangasayan, Gelalak areas. | Malayo-Sumbawan Malayo-Sumbawan languages The Malayo-Sumbawan languages are a group of languages identified by Adelaar that unites the Malayic and Chamic languages with the languages of Java and the western Lesser Sunda Islands, except for Javanese itself... , Malayic Malayic languages The Malayic languages are a branch of the Sunda–Sulawesi languages of the Austronesian family. They include Malay, the national language of Malaysia, Indonesia, and Brunei; Minangkabau in central Sumatra; and Iban in northern Borneo.... , Kendayan |
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| 25 knx | Kendayan | Baicit, Kendayan-Ambawang, Kendayan Dayak, Damea, Salako. | Ambawang, Kendayan, Ahe, Selako. | 290 700 (280 000) | 2007 | West Kalimantan Province, northeast of Bengkayang, Ledo area, Madi and Papan jungle area; Sambas regency. Also in Malaysia (Sarawak). | Malayo-Sumbawan Malayo-Sumbawan languages The Malayo-Sumbawan languages are a group of languages identified by Adelaar that unites the Malayic and Chamic languages with the languages of Java and the western Lesser Sunda Islands, except for Javanese itself... , Malayic Malayic languages The Malayic languages are a branch of the Sunda–Sulawesi languages of the Austronesian family. They include Malay, the national language of Malaysia, Indonesia, and Brunei; Minangkabau in central Sumatra; and Iban in northern Borneo.... , Kendayan |
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| 26 kqv | Okolod | Kolod, Kolour, Kolur, Okolod Murut. | 4970 (3390) | 2000 | East Kalimantan Province along Sabah border, east of Lumbis, north of Lundayeh; also in Sarawak. Also in Malaysia (Sarawak). | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Dayic, Murutic Murutic languages The Murutic languages are a family of half a dozen closely related Austronesian languages, spoken in the northern inland regions of Borneo by the Murut people.The languages are:... , Murut |
82% with Okolod of Sabah, 70% with Pensiangan Murut dialect of Tagal Murut [mvv], 34% with Lun Bawang [lnd]. | |
| 27 kzi | Kelabit Kelabit language Kelabit is one of the remotest languages of Borneo, on the Sarawak–Kalimantan border, and spoken by one of the smallest ethnicities in Borneo, the Kelabit people.... |
Kalabit, Kerabit, Apo Duat. | Lon Bangag, Tring, Bareo (Bario), Pa' Mada, Long Napir. | (640) | 2000 | East Kalimantan Province, remote mountains, on Sarawak border, northwest of Longkemuat. Mainly in Sarawak. | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Dayic, Kelabitic Kelabitic languages The Apo Duat or Kelabitic languages are a group of closely related languages spoken by the Kelabit, Lun Bawang, and related peoples. They are:... |
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| 28 lbx | Lawangan Lawangan language Lawangan is an Austronesian language bellonging to East Barito languages. It is spoken by about 100 000 Lawangan people living in the central Kalimantan, Indonesia.... |
Luwangan, Northeast Barito. | Ajuh, Bakoi (Lampung), Bantian (Bentian), Banuwang, Bawu (Bawo), Kali, Karau (Beloh), Lawa, Lolang, Mantararen, Njumit, Purai, Purung, Tuwang, Pasir, Benua, Taboyan. At least 17 dialects. Tawoyan [twy] may be inherently intelligible. | 100 000 | 1981 | East central Kalimantan, Karau River area. | Eastern Barito | 77% with Tawoyan, 53% with Dusun Deyah [dun]. |
| 29 lgi | Lengilu | 4 | 2000 | Northeast, between Sa'ban and Lundayeh. | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Dayic, Kelabitic Nearly extinct. |
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| 30 lnd | Lun Bawang Lun Bawang language The language spoken by the Lun Bawangs belongs to the Malayo-Polynesian family. The first published material written fully in the Lun Bawang language is a translation of the Bible in 1982, which is called Bala Luk Do... |
Southern Murut, Lundayeh, Lun Daye, Lun Dayah, Lun Daya, Lun Dayoh, Lundaya Putuk. | Lun Daye, Papadi, Lun Bawang (Long Bawan, Sarawak Murut). Not Murutic, although sometimes called Southern Murut. | 47 500 (23 000) | 2007 | Interior from Brunei Bay to Padas River headwaters, to Baram headwaters, and into East Kalimantan, Indonesian mountains where Sesayap River tributaries arise. Also in Brunei, Malaysia (Sarawak). | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Dayic, Kelabitic Kelabitic languages The Apo Duat or Kelabitic languages are a group of closely related languages spoken by the Kelabit, Lun Bawang, and related peoples. They are:... |
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| 31 lra | Rara Bakati' | Luru, Lara', Bekatiq, Bekati' Nyam-Pelayo, Bekati' Kendayan. | Bina'e. | (12 000) | 2007 | West Kalimantan Province, upper Lundu and Sambas rivers, Bengkayang area east of Gunung Pendering, and north in Pejampi and 2 other villages. | Land Dayak Land Dayak languages The Land Dayak languages are a putative group of dozen or so languages spoken by the Bidayuh Land Dayaks of Borneo.-Languages:The unity of Land Dayak as a group is dubious... , Bakati' |
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| 32 mhy | Ma'anyan Ma'anyan language Ma'anyan or Ma'anjan or Maanyak Dayak is an Austronesian language belonging to the East Barito languages. It is spoken by about 150,000 Ma'anyan people living in the central Kalimantan, Indonesia. It is closely related to Malagasy languages spoken in Madagascar... |
Ma'anjan, Maanyak Dayak. | Samihim (Buluh Kuning), Sihong (Siong), Dusun Balangan. Related to Malagasy languages in Madagascar. | 150 000 | 2003 | Central Kalimantan, Barito Selatan Regency, South Tamianglayang area, Dusun Hilir, Karau Kuala, Dusun Selatan, Dusun Utara, Gunung Bintang Awai, Dusun Tengah, Awang, and Patangkep Tutui subdistricts. Patai River drainage area. | Greater Barito | 77% with Paku [pku], 75% with Dusun Witu [duv]. |
| 33 mqg | Kota Bangun Kutai Malay | Not intelligible with Tenggarong Kutai Malay [vkt], but may be intelligible with one of its dialects (Northern Kutai). | 80 000 | 1981 | East Kalimantan Province, central Mahakam River basin. | Malayo-Sumbawan Malayo-Sumbawan languages The Malayo-Sumbawan languages are a group of languages identified by Adelaar that unites the Malayic and Chamic languages with the languages of Java and the western Lesser Sunda Islands, except for Javanese itself... , Malayic Malayic languages The Malayic languages are a branch of the Sunda–Sulawesi languages of the Austronesian family. They include Malay, the national language of Malaysia, Indonesia, and Brunei; Minangkabau in central Sumatra; and Iban in northern Borneo.... , Malay Malay languages The Malay languages are a group of closely related languages that developed from Malay outposts across Malaysia and Indonesia. They include Malay proper , Bacanese Malay, Bengkulu, Berau Malay, Cocos Islands Malay, Jambi Malay, Kedah Malay, Kota Bangun Kutai Malay, Loncong, Pattani Malay,... |
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| 34 msa | Malay Malay language Malay is a major language of the Austronesian family. It is the official language of Malaysia , Indonesia , Brunei and Singapore... |
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| 35 mtd | Mualang | Mualang Ili’, Mualang Ulu. Similar to Iban [iba]. | 40 000 | 2007 | West Kalimantan Province, Belitang Hilir, Belitang, and Belitang Hulu Sekadau subdistricts, along Ayak and Belitang rivers, about 320 km upstream from Pontianak. | Malayo-Sumbawan Malayo-Sumbawan languages The Malayo-Sumbawan languages are a group of languages identified by Adelaar that unites the Malayic and Chamic languages with the languages of Java and the western Lesser Sunda Islands, except for Javanese itself... , Malayic Malayic languages The Malayic languages are a branch of the Sunda–Sulawesi languages of the Austronesian family. They include Malay, the national language of Malaysia, Indonesia, and Brunei; Minangkabau in central Sumatra; and Iban in northern Borneo.... , Ibanic Ibanic languages The Ibanic or Malayic-Dayak languages are a branch of the Malayic languages indigenous to western Borneo. They are spoken by the Iban, Selako, Kendayan, and other Dayak peoples.... |
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| 36 mvv | Tagal Murut | Semambu, Semembu, Sumambu, Sumambu-Tagal, Sumambuq. | Rundum (Arundum), Tagal (Tagol, North Borneo Murut, Sabah Murut), Sumambu (Semembu, Sumambuq), Tolokoson (Telekoson), Sapulot Murut (Sapulut Murut), Pensiangan Murut (Pentjangan, Tagul, Taggal, Lagunan Murut), Alumbis (Lumbis, Loembis), Tawan, Tomani (Tumaniq), Maligan (Mauligan, Meligan, Bol Murut, Bole Murut). | 2000 | ? | East Kalimantan Province, Nunukan Regency, Pegalan Valley, Alumbis River. | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Dayic, Murutic Murutic languages The Murutic languages are a family of half a dozen closely related Austronesian languages, spoken in the northern inland regions of Borneo by the Murut people.The languages are:... , Murut |
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| 37 mxd | Modang | Kelingan (Long Wai, Long We), Long Glat, Long Bento’, Benehes, Nahes, Liah Bing. | 15 300 | 1981 | East Kalimantan Province, Segah, Kelinjau, and Belayan rivers. 5 areas. | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Kayan-Kenyah, Kayanic, Modang |
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| 38 nij | Ngaju Ngaju language Ngaju is an Austronesian language spoken along the Kapuas, Kahayan, Katingan, and Mentaya Rivers in Central Borneo, Indonesia. It is closely related to Bakumpai language. There are three dialects—Pulopetak, Ba'amang, and Mantangai.- Consonants :... |
Biadju, Dayak Ngaju, Ngadju, Ngaja, Ngaju Dayak, Southwest Barito. | Ba’amang (Bara-Bare, Sampit), Katingan Ngaju, Katingan Ngawa, Kahayan, Kahayan Kapuas, Mantangai (Oloh Mangtangai), Pulopetak. Related to Bakumpai [bkr]. | 890 000 | 2003 | Kalimantan, Kapuas, Kahayan, Katingan, and Mentaya rivers, south. | Greater Barito | 75% with Bakumpai, 62% with Kohin [kkx], 50% with Ot Danum [otd], 35% with Banjar [bjn]. |
| 39 otd | Ot Danum | Dohoi, Malahoi, Uud Danum, Uut Danum. | Ot Balawan, Ot Banu’u, Ot Murung 1 (Murung 1, Punan Ratah), Ot Olang, Ot Tuhup, Sarawai (Melawi), Dohoi, Ulu Ai’ (Da’an), Sebaung, Kadorih, Kuhin. | 78 800 | 2007 | Upper reaches of south Borneo River, large area south of Schwaner Range. Ulu Ai’ on Mandai River with 7 villages. | Greater Barito | 70% with Siang [sya], 65% with Kohin [kkx], 60% with Katingan dialect of Ngaju [nij], 50% with Ngaju (main dialect) [nij]. |
| 40 pku | Paku | Bakau. | 3 500 | 2003 | Central Kalimantan Province, East Barito Regency, south of Ampah. | East Barito East Barito languages The East Barito languages are a group of a dozen Dayak languages of Borneo, and most famously Malagasy, the national language of Madagascar. They are named after the Barito River.The languages are,*Central–South**Dusun Deyah... |
77% with Ma’anyan [mhy], 73% with Dusun Witu [duv]. | |
| 41 pni | Aoheng | Penihing. | 2 630 | 1981 | East Kalimantan Province, north central near Sarawak border, upper reaches of Kapuas, Barito, and Mahakam rivers. | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Kayan-Kenyah, Kayanic, Muller-Schwaner 'Punan' |
69% with Kereho [xke], 67% with Hovongan [hov]. | |
| 42 puc | Punan Merap | 200 | 1981 | East Kalimantan Province, east of Longkemuat. | North Borneo, Rejang–Sajau | |||
| 43 pud | Punan Aput | Aput. | Allegedly unintelligible to other Penan languages. | 370 | 1981 | East Kalimantan Province, west and north of Mt. Menyapa. | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Kayan-Kenyah, Kayanic, Muller-Schwaner 'Punan' |
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| 44 puf | Punan Merah | 140 | 1981 | East Kalimantan Province, Mahakam River, east of Ujohhilang. | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Kayan-Kenyah, Kayanic, Muller-Schwaner 'Punan' |
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| 45 puj | Punan Tubu | Not a Kenyah language (Soriente 2003). | 2 000 | 1981 | East Kalimantan Province, Malinau, Mentarang, and Sembakung rivers, coastal. 8 locations. | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Punan Tubu |
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| 46 put | Putoh | Putuk. | Pa Kembaloh, Abai. May be the same as Lun Bawang [lnd]. | 6 000 | 1981 | East Kalimantan Province, east of Lundayeh and Sa'ban, Mentarang River, Longberang, Mensalong, Bangalan areas. | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Dayic, Kelabitic Kelabitic languages The Apo Duat or Kelabitic languages are a group of closely related languages spoken by the Kelabit, Lun Bawang, and related peoples. They are:... |
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| 47 rir | Ribun | Ribun, Bekidoh. | 45 000 | 1981 | West Kalimantan Province, Kapuas Hulu Regency, Tayan Hulu subdistrict. | Land Dayak Land Dayak languages The Land Dayak languages are a putative group of dozen or so languages spoken by the Bidayuh Land Dayaks of Borneo.-Languages:The unity of Land Dayak as a group is dubious... |
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| 48 sbr | Sembakung Murut | Sembakoeng, Sembakong, Simbakong, Tingalun, Tinggalan, Tinggalum. | 5180 (3180) | 2000 | East Kalimantan Province, Nunukan Regency, Sembakung River mouth into Sabah. Also in Malaysia (Sabah). | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Dayic, Murutic Murutic languages The Murutic languages are a family of half a dozen closely related Austronesian languages, spoken in the northern inland regions of Borneo by the Murut people.The languages are:... , Tidong Tidong languages The Tidong languages are a group of Austronesian languages spoken in Borneo by the Tidong and related peoples. They are:... |
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| 49 sbx | Seberuang | Quite similar to Desa. | 37 000 | 2007 | West Kalimantan Province, Kapuas area from Nanga Silat to Selimbau, on Belimbing, Lebang, Belitang, Seauk, Tempunak, Selimbau, Silat rivers. | Malayo-Sumbawan Malayo-Sumbawan languages The Malayo-Sumbawan languages are a group of languages identified by Adelaar that unites the Malayic and Chamic languages with the languages of Java and the western Lesser Sunda Islands, except for Javanese itself... , Malayic Malayic languages The Malayic languages are a branch of the Sunda–Sulawesi languages of the Austronesian family. They include Malay, the national language of Malaysia, Indonesia, and Brunei; Minangkabau in central Sumatra; and Iban in northern Borneo.... , Ibanic Ibanic languages The Ibanic or Malayic-Dayak languages are a branch of the Malayic languages indigenous to western Borneo. They are spoken by the Iban, Selako, Kendayan, and other Dayak peoples.... |
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| 50 scg | Sanggau Sanggau language Sanggau is a Dayak language of Borneo. It is left unclassified by Ethnologue. Sanggau varieties are quite divergent, and may be distinct languages.... |
Dosan, Mayau, Sanggau. Very heterogeneous dialects, probably more than 1 language in this group—not all Sanggau isolects mutually intelligible. Koman and Semerawai could be part of this group. | 45 000 | 1981 | West Kalimantan Province, Sanggau Regency, Kapuas River. | Land Dayak Land Dayak languages The Land Dayak languages are a putative group of dozen or so languages spoken by the Bidayuh Land Dayaks of Borneo.-Languages:The unity of Land Dayak as a group is dubious... |
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| 51 sdm | Semandang | Kualan-Semandang. | Semandang, Gerai, Beginci, Bihak, Komi. | 20 000 | ? | West Kalimantan Province, Ketapang Regency, Kualan and Semandang rivers. | Land Dayak Land Dayak languages The Land Dayak languages are a putative group of dozen or so languages spoken by the Bidayuh Land Dayaks of Borneo.-Languages:The unity of Land Dayak as a group is dubious... |
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| 52 sdo | Bukar-Sadong Bidayuh | Buka, Bukar, Bukar Sadong, Bukar Sadung Bidayah, Sabutan, Sadong, Serian, Tebakang. | Bukar Sadong, Bukar Bidayuh (Bidayuh, Bidayah). | ? | West Kalimantan Province, Sarawak border, Sanggau and Sintang regencies. | Land Dayak Land Dayak languages The Land Dayak languages are a putative group of dozen or so languages spoken by the Bidayuh Land Dayaks of Borneo.-Languages:The unity of Land Dayak as a group is dubious... , Bidayuh |
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| 53 sge | Segai | Called Segayi by the Berau, Ga’ay by the Kenyah and Kayan. | Kelai, Segah. | 2 000 | 1981 | East Kalimantan Province, Berau regency, Kelai River and around Longlaai. | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Kayan-Kenyah, Kayanic, Modang |
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| 54 sjb | Sajau Basap | Sajau, Sujau. | Punan Sajau, Punan Basap, Punan Batu 2. Related to Basap [bdb]. | 6 000 | 1981 | East Kalimantan Province, Berau and Bulungan regencies, northeast of Muaramalinau. | North Borneo, Rejang–Sajau | |
| 55 slg | Selungai Murut | Murut. | 1240 (640) | 2000 | East Kalimantan Province, Nunukan Regency east of Lumbis on upper reaches of Sembakung River. Also in Malaysia (Sabah). | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Dayic, Murutic Murutic languages The Murutic languages are a family of half a dozen closely related Austronesian languages, spoken in the northern inland regions of Borneo by the Murut people.The languages are:... , Murut |
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| 56 snv | Sa'ban | Saban, Merau. | (850) | 2000 | East Kalimantan Province, Nunukan Regency, Sarawak border, south of Lundayeh. | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Dayic, Kelabitic Kelabitic languages The Apo Duat or Kelabitic languages are a group of closely related languages spoken by the Kelabit, Lun Bawang, and related peoples. They are:... |
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| 57 sre | Sara Bakati' | Sara, Riok. | Some dialect differences. Unidirectional intelligibility from Sara to Rara-Bakati’. | 4000 | ? | West Kalimantan Province, near Sanggau-Ledo northeast of Ledo. | Land Dayak Land Dayak languages The Land Dayak languages are a putative group of dozen or so languages spoken by the Bidayuh Land Dayaks of Borneo.-Languages:The unity of Land Dayak as a group is dubious... , Bakati' |
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| 58 sya | Siang | Ot Siang. | Siang, Murung 2. Related to Dohoi. | 60 000 | 1981 | Central Kalimantan Province Central Kalimantan Central Kalimantan is a province of Indonesia, one of four in Kalimantan - the Indonesian part of the island of Borneo. Its provincial capital is Palangka Raya.The province has a population of just over 2.2 million at the 2010 Census... , Murung Raya Regency Murung Raya Regency Murung Raya Regency is the most northerly of the thirteen regencies which comprise the province of Central Kalimantan on the island of Borneo, Indonesia. The capital of the district is Puruk Cahu. Prior to the 2002 reorganization, this district was a division of the North Barito Regency... , east of Dohoi. |
Greater Barito | |
| 59 tid | Tidong | Camucones, Tedong, Tidoeng, Tidung, Tiran, Tirones, Tiroon, Zedong. | Nonukan (Nunukan), Penchangan, Sedalir (Salalir, Sadalir, Saralir, Selalir), Tidung, Tarakan (Terakan), Sesayap (Sesajap), Sibuku. | 47 000 (27 000) | 2007 | East Kalimantan Province, Bulungan Regency, Sembakung and Sibuka rivers, coast and islands around Tarakan and interior, Malinau River. Also in Malaysia (Sabah). | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Dayic, Murutic Murutic languages The Murutic languages are a family of half a dozen closely related Austronesian languages, spoken in the northern inland regions of Borneo by the Murut people.The languages are:... , Tidong Tidong languages The Tidong languages are a group of Austronesian languages spoken in Borneo by the Tidong and related peoples. They are:... |
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| 60 tjg | Tunjung | Tunjung Dayak. | Tunjung (Tunjung Tengah), Tunjung Londong, Tunjung Linggang, Pahu. | 50 000 | 1981 | East Kalimantan Province, Kutai Regency, between Adas, Dempar, Melak, and east around the lake; south Muntaiwan area. | Greater Barito, Barito-Mahakam | |
| 61 tmn | Taman Taman language Taman is an Austronesian language of Borneo. Apart from Mbalo, it is not close to other languages.... |
Dayak Taman, Taman Dayak. | 30 000 | 2007 | West Kalimantan Province, Kapuas Hulu regency, Kapuas River, upriver from Putussibau; Mendalam and Sibau tributaries. | South Sulawesi South Sulawesi languages The South Sulawesi languages are a group of languages spoken by the Bugis and related peoples of South Sulawesi province, Indonesia.-Languages:*Bugis**Buginese: Buginese, Campalagian**? Tamanic: Mbalo, Taman... , Bugis, Tamanic Tamanic languages The Tamanic languages are a small group of languages of Indonesian Borneo:The classification of the Tamanic languages, usually represented by Mbalo alone, is unclear. Long left unclassified, Adelaar and Himmelmann took the view that it was especially close to Buginese... |
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| 62 tsg | Tausug Tausug language Tausūg is a language spoken in the province of Sulu in the Philippines, in Malaysia, and in Indonesia by the Tausūg people.... |
Joloano Sulu, Moro Joloano, Sooloo, Sulu, Suluk, Taosug, Tausog, Taw Sug. | (12 000) | 1981 | Northeast Kalimantan coastal settlements, immigrants from Sulu Archipelago in the Philippines. | Philippine Philippine languages The Philippine languages are a 1991 proposal by Robert Blust that all the languages of the Philippines and northern Sulawesi—except Sama–Bajaw and a few languages of Palawan—form a subfamily of Austronesian languages... , Greater Central Philippine, Central Philippine Central Philippine languages The Central Philippine languages are the most geographically widespread demonstrated group of languages in the Philippines, being spoken in southern Luzon, Visayas, Mindanao, and Sulu. They are also the most populous, including Tagalog , Bikol, and the major Visayan languages Cebuano, Hiligaynon,... , Bisayan, Butuan–Tausug |
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| 63 twy | Tawoyan | Tabojan, Tabojan Tongka, Taboyan, Tabuyan, Tawoyan Dayak, Tewoyan. | 20 000 | 1981 | East Central around Palori. | Greater Barito | 77% with Lawangan [lbx], 52% with Dusun Deyah. | |
| 64 ulu | Uma' Lung | Oma Longh. | Marginally intelligible with Uma Lasan [xky]. | 3 000 | 2006 | East Kalimantan Province, Malinau regency mostly, Pimping, Long Setulang, Batu Kajang, Long Uli, Long Belua villages. | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Kayan-Kenyah, Kenyah Kenyah languages The Kenyah languages are a group of half a dozen or so closely related languages spoken by the Kenyah peoples of Borneo. They are:... , Upper Pujungan |
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| 65 vkt | Tenggarong Kutai Malay | Kutai, Tenggarong. | Tenggarong Kutai, Ancalong Kutai, Northern Kutai. Many dialects. Tenggarong and Kota Bangun (Malay, Kota Bangun Kutai [mqg]) are not inherently intelligible. Shares phonological innovations with Berau Malay [bve], Banjar [bjn], and Brunei [xkd]. | 210 000 (100,000 in Tenggarong, 60,000 in Ancalong, 50,000 in Northern Kutai.) | 1981 | East Kalimantan Province, Mahakam River basin, east central coastal area, from Sepinang and Tg; Mangkalihat north to Muarabadak and Samarinda south. | Malayo-Sumbawan Malayo-Sumbawan languages The Malayo-Sumbawan languages are a group of languages identified by Adelaar that unites the Malayic and Chamic languages with the languages of Java and the western Lesser Sunda Islands, except for Javanese itself... , Malayic Malayic languages The Malayic languages are a branch of the Sunda–Sulawesi languages of the Austronesian family. They include Malay, the national language of Malaysia, Indonesia, and Brunei; Minangkabau in central Sumatra; and Iban in northern Borneo.... , Malay Malay languages The Malay languages are a group of closely related languages that developed from Malay outposts across Malaysia and Indonesia. They include Malay proper , Bacanese Malay, Bengkulu, Berau Malay, Cocos Islands Malay, Jambi Malay, Kedah Malay, Kota Bangun Kutai Malay, Loncong, Pattani Malay,... |
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| 66 whk | Wahau Kenyah | Wahau Kenya, Lebu’ Kulit. | Uma Timai, Lebu’ Kulit, Uma’ Ujok. | 8 000 | 2007 | East Kalimantan Province, upper Mahakam River, Batu Majang, Buluk Sen, Uma’ Dian, Muara Pedohon, Kampung Baru, Uma’ Bekuai, Tabang Lama villages. | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Kayan-Kenyah, Kenyah Kenyah languages The Kenyah languages are a group of half a dozen or so closely related languages spoken by the Kenyah peoples of Borneo. They are:... , Kayanic Kenyah |
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| 67 whu | Wahau Kayan | Wahau Kajan. | 500 | 1981 | East Kalimantan Province, north of Muara Wahau. | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Kayan-Kenyah, Kayanic, Kayan Proper |
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| 68 xay | Kayan Mahakam | 1 300 | 1981 | East Kalimantan Province, West Kutai and Malinau regencies, 2 areas. | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Kayan-Kenyah, Kayanic, Kayan Proper |
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| 69 xdy | Malayic Dayak | Bamayo, Bumayoh. | Tapitn, Banana’, Kayung (Kayong), Delang, Semitau, Suhaid, Mentebah-Suruk, Arut (Sukarame), Lamandau (Landau Kantu), Sukamara (Kerta Mulya), Riam (Nibung Terjung), Belantikan (Sungkup), Tamuan, Tomun, Pangin, Sekakai, Silat. Listed dialects form a chain and may constitute 3 or more languages. Related to Kendayan [knx] and Keninjal [knl]. | 520 000 (300 Tapitn, 100,000 Banana’, 100,000 Kayung, 200,000 Delang, 10,000 Semitau, 10,000 Suhaid, 20,000 Mentebah-Suruk) | 1981 | Large portions of eastern West Kalimantan and western Central Kalimantan provinces. Banana’ and Tapitn are western, between Singakawang, Bengkayang, Darit, and Sungairaya; Kayung and Delang are southern, between Sandai, Muarakayang, Pembuanghulu, Sukamara, and Sukaraja; Semitau, Suhaid, and Mentebah-Suruk are eastern, southeast of Kapuas River from Sintang to Putus Sibau. | Malayo-Sumbawan Malayo-Sumbawan languages The Malayo-Sumbawan languages are a group of languages identified by Adelaar that unites the Malayic and Chamic languages with the languages of Java and the western Lesser Sunda Islands, except for Javanese itself... , Malayic Malayic languages The Malayic languages are a branch of the Sunda–Sulawesi languages of the Austronesian family. They include Malay, the national language of Malaysia, Indonesia, and Brunei; Minangkabau in central Sumatra; and Iban in northern Borneo.... , Malay Malay languages The Malay languages are a group of closely related languages that developed from Malay outposts across Malaysia and Indonesia. They include Malay proper , Bacanese Malay, Bengkulu, Berau Malay, Cocos Islands Malay, Jambi Malay, Kedah Malay, Kota Bangun Kutai Malay, Loncong, Pattani Malay,... |
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| 70 xem | Kembayan | Karambai. | 11 000 | 2007 | West Kalimantan Province, near Sarawak border, Balaikarangan, Kembayan, Landak River area. | Land Dayak Land Dayak languages The Land Dayak languages are a putative group of dozen or so languages spoken by the Bidayuh Land Dayaks of Borneo.-Languages:The unity of Land Dayak as a group is dubious... |
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| 71 xkd | Mendalam Kayan | Mendalam Kajan. | 1 500 | 1981 | West Kalimantan Province, northeast of Putus Sibau, Mendalam River. | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Kayan-Kenyah, Kayanic, Kayan Proper |
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| 72 xke | Kereho | Keriau Punan. | Busang (Kereho-Busang), Seputan, Uheng (Kereho-Uheng). | 500 | 2003 | West Kalimantan Province, far east Kapuas Hulu Regency, near Sarawak border, Kereho River. | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Kayan-Kenyah, Kayanic, Muller-Schwaner 'Punan' |
69% with Hovongan [hov], 69% with Aoheng [pni]. |
| 73 xkl | Mainstream Kenyah | Usun Apau Kenyah, Highland Kenyah. | Lepo’ Tau, Lepo’ Bem, Uma’ Jalan, Uma’ Tukung, Lepo’ Ke, Lepo’ Kuda, Lepo’ Maut, Lepo’ Ndang, Badeng, Bakung, Lepo’ Tepu’. | 32 000 (12 000) | 2007 | East Kalimantan Province, Malinau Regency, Pimping, Long Setulang, Batu Kajang, Long Uli, Long Belua villages, Kayan, Mahakam, Upper Baram, Bahau, Upper Balui, Malinau, Belayan, and Telen river areas. Also in Malaysia (Sarawak). | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Kayan-Kenyah, Kenyah Kenyah languages The Kenyah languages are a group of half a dozen or so closely related languages spoken by the Kenyah peoples of Borneo. They are:... |
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| 74 xkn | Kayan River Kayan | Kajang, Kayan River Kajan. | Uma Leken, Kayaniyut Kayan, Uma Laran. | 2 000 | 1981 | East Kalimantan Province, Kayan River, 2 areas. | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Kayan-Kenyah, Kayanic, Kayan Proper |
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| 75 xky | Uma' Lasan | Western Kenyah. | Uma’ Alim, Uma’ Lasan, Uma’ Baka. | (1500) | 2003, 2005 | East Kalimantan Province, Malinau regency, primarily Long Pujungan and Long Jelet Mesahan villages, also Long Pejalin (Uma’ Alim). | North Borneo, North Sarawakan North Sarawakan languages The North Sarawakan languages consist of several groups Austronesian languages spoken in the northeastern part of the province of Sarawak, Borneo.... , Kayan-Kenyah, Kenyah Kenyah languages The Kenyah languages are a group of half a dozen or so closely related languages spoken by the Kenyah peoples of Borneo. They are:... , Upper Pujungan |
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