Koreaphobia
Encyclopedia
Konghanzheng or Koreaphobia, a term coined by Chinese football fans, is a Chinese persistent phenomenon where the Chinese national football team
has played 28 matches in against the South Korean team since 1978 but never been able to beat them until the streak ended on 10 February 2010 when Korea was beaten 3–0 in the 2010 East Asian Football Championship Final Competition.
players at the hands of Koreans such as Lee Chang-ho
.
As of 2010, the Korea Republic football team has recorded 16 wins, 11 draws and 1 loss in its 28 international "A" matches with China. The very first game between the two sides was held in the 1978 Asian Games
in Bangkok on December 17, 1978. The Koreans won that game 1–0 with a goal by Cha Bum Kun. The most recent match was at the 3rd East Asian tournament in Chongqing
on February 17, 2008. At that time, Park Chu-Young
and Kwak Tae-Hwi
scored and Korea won by 3–2. In the Olympic Games
, the South Korean team has amassed 7 wins and 1 draw against the Chinese side. This term also held true to the Youth teams of the respective countries, until China beat the Korean side 1–0 in the 2000 Asian Youth Championships (though Koreans still keep a dominant record otherwise).
While this term may be seen as an effort to diminish the achievements of the Korean side, the Chinese media has historically taken a positive attitude acknowledging the Korean team's preeminence among East Asian sides. In Korea, this term is often used as a general term for national victory, as when Korean baseball
fans express a desire to create "Koreaphobia" among the Japanese.
This concept is often paired with the Korean wave
(hallyu) in Korean discourse regarding their relationship with China and other Asian countries.
Lin Xiaohua, the vice chairman of Chinese Football Association said before the match on February 10, 2010, "Koreanphobia comes from the differences in ability, now that becomes much narrower. Therefore, if the mentality is enhanced, our team can overcome Koreanphobia". He also said that the association will invite psychotherapists for the PRC national football team to cope with the psychological pressure and defeatism
for the future.
China national football team
The China PR national football team is the national association football team of the People's Republic of China and is governed by the Chinese Football Association...
has played 28 matches in against the South Korean team since 1978 but never been able to beat them until the streak ended on 10 February 2010 when Korea was beaten 3–0 in the 2010 East Asian Football Championship Final Competition.
Overview
The term literally means "the symptom of fearing Korea". This term was originally used by the Chinese mass media and was later adopted by the Korean media as well. Outside of football, it has also been used to denote the frequent defeats suffered by Chinese goGo (board game)
Go , is an ancient board game for two players that originated in China more than 2,000 years ago...
players at the hands of Koreans such as Lee Chang-ho
Lee Chang-ho
Lee Chang-ho is a South Korean professional Go player of 9-dan rank. He is regarded by many as one of the strongest modern Go players. He was a student of Cho Hunhyun 9-dan. He is the only player to have won all eight international competitions at least once.-Biography:He turned professional in...
.
As of 2010, the Korea Republic football team has recorded 16 wins, 11 draws and 1 loss in its 28 international "A" matches with China. The very first game between the two sides was held in the 1978 Asian Games
1978 Asian Games
The 8th Asian Games were held from December 9, 1978 to December 20, 1978 in Bangkok, Thailand. Originally, the host city was Singapore but Singapore dropped its plan to host the Games due to financial problems. And then Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan was decided to host the 8th Games...
in Bangkok on December 17, 1978. The Koreans won that game 1–0 with a goal by Cha Bum Kun. The most recent match was at the 3rd East Asian tournament in Chongqing
Chongqing
Chongqing is a major city in Southwest China and one of the five national central cities of China. Administratively, it is one of the PRC's four direct-controlled municipalities , and the only such municipality in inland China.The municipality was created on 14 March 1997, succeeding the...
on February 17, 2008. At that time, Park Chu-Young
Park Chu-Young
Park Chu-Young is a South Korean footballer who plays for Arsenal in the Premier League and is the current captain for the South Korea national team.-Youth career:...
and Kwak Tae-Hwi
Kwak Tae-Hwi
Kwak Tae-Hwi , is a South Korean football Centre back who currently plays for Ulsan Hyundai and South Korea national football team.-International goals:-External links:* at KFA.or.kr* at FIFA.com...
scored and Korea won by 3–2. In the Olympic Games
Olympic Games
The Olympic Games is a major international event featuring summer and winter sports, in which thousands of athletes participate in a variety of competitions. The Olympic Games have come to be regarded as the world’s foremost sports competition where more than 200 nations participate...
, the South Korean team has amassed 7 wins and 1 draw against the Chinese side. This term also held true to the Youth teams of the respective countries, until China beat the Korean side 1–0 in the 2000 Asian Youth Championships (though Koreans still keep a dominant record otherwise).
While this term may be seen as an effort to diminish the achievements of the Korean side, the Chinese media has historically taken a positive attitude acknowledging the Korean team's preeminence among East Asian sides. In Korea, this term is often used as a general term for national victory, as when Korean baseball
Baseball
Baseball is a bat-and-ball sport played between two teams of nine players each. The aim is to score runs by hitting a thrown ball with a bat and touching a series of four bases arranged at the corners of a ninety-foot diamond...
fans express a desire to create "Koreaphobia" among the Japanese.
This concept is often paired with the Korean wave
Korean wave
The Korean Wave, also known as the Hallyu , refers to spread of South Korean culture around the world. The term was coined in China in mid-1999 by Beijing journalists surprised by the fast growing popularity of Korean entertainment and culture in China...
(hallyu) in Korean discourse regarding their relationship with China and other Asian countries.
Lin Xiaohua, the vice chairman of Chinese Football Association said before the match on February 10, 2010, "Koreanphobia comes from the differences in ability, now that becomes much narrower. Therefore, if the mentality is enhanced, our team can overcome Koreanphobia". He also said that the association will invite psychotherapists for the PRC national football team to cope with the psychological pressure and defeatism
Defeatism
Defeatism is acceptance of defeat without struggle. In everyday use, defeatism has negative connotation and is often linked to treason and pessimism, or even a hopeless situation such as a Catch-22...
for the future.
All-time records
| Numbers | Date | Venue | Competition | Results | Scorers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | December 17, 1978 | Bangkok Bangkok Bangkok is the capital and largest urban area city in Thailand. It is known in Thai as Krung Thep Maha Nakhon or simply Krung Thep , meaning "city of angels." The full name of Bangkok is Krung Thep Mahanakhon Amon Rattanakosin Mahintharayutthaya Mahadilok Phop Noppharat Ratchathani Burirom... |
Asian Games 1978 Asian Games The 8th Asian Games were held from December 9, 1978 to December 20, 1978 in Bangkok, Thailand. Originally, the host city was Singapore but Singapore dropped its plan to host the Games due to financial problems. And then Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan was decided to host the 8th Games... |
1–0 Win | Cha Bum-Kun Cha Bum-Kun Cha Bum-Kun is a South Korean football manager and former player, nicknamed Tscha Bum in Germany because of his name and his thunderous ball striking ability. In South Korea, Cha is greatly respected for his accomplishments in the Bundesliga and the South Korean national team... |
| 2 | December 29, 1978 | Manila Manila Manila is the capital of the Philippines. It is one of the sixteen cities forming Metro Manila.Manila is located on the eastern shores of Manila Bay and is bordered by Navotas and Caloocan to the north, Quezon City to the northeast, San Juan and Mandaluyong to the east, Makati on the southeast,... |
Asian Cup 1980 AFC Asian Cup The 1980 AFC Asian Cup was the seventh edition of the Asian Nations Cup, the football championship of Asia . It was hosted by Kuwait between September 15 and 30. The field of ten teams was split into two groups of five. Kuwait won their first championship, beating Korea Republic in the final 3-0.... Qualifier |
1–0 Win | Huh Jung-Moo Huh Jung-Moo Huh Jung-Moo is a former Korean football player and currently manages Incheon United.-Football career:Huh played for PSV Eindhoven and Hyundai Horang-i as midfielder... |
| 3 | March 1, 1982 | Calcutta | Nehru Gold Cup | 1–1 Tie | Lee Tae-Ho Lee Tae-Ho Lee Tae-Ho is a South Korean former footballer who played for the whole of his career as a forward for Daewoo Royals... |
| 4 | November 3, 1983 | Bangkok Bangkok Bangkok is the capital and largest urban area city in Thailand. It is known in Thai as Krung Thep Maha Nakhon or simply Krung Thep , meaning "city of angels." The full name of Bangkok is Krung Thep Mahanakhon Amon Rattanakosin Mahintharayutthaya Mahadilok Phop Noppharat Ratchathani Burirom... |
LA Olympics Football at the 1984 Summer Olympics The football tournament at the 1984 Summer Olympics started on July 29 and ended on August 11. It featured only a men's tournament, as women's football had yet to become an Olympic event. It was the first Olympic football competition in which professionals were allowed... Qualifier 1st Leg |
3–3 Tie | Kim Jong-Gun (2), Kim Jong-Boo Kim Jong-Boo Kim Jong-Boo is retired South Korean football player and manager.He played in K-League side POSCO Atoms, Daewoo Royals and Ilhwa Chunma in South Korea.... |
| 5 | November 8, 1983 | Bangkok | LA Olympics Football at the 1984 Summer Olympics The football tournament at the 1984 Summer Olympics started on July 29 and ended on August 11. It featured only a men's tournament, as women's football had yet to become an Olympic event. It was the first Olympic football competition in which professionals were allowed... Qualifier 2nd Leg |
0–0 Tie | |
| 6 | September 28, 1986 | Seoul Seoul Seoul , officially the Seoul Special City, is the capital and largest metropolis of South Korea. A megacity with a population of over 10 million, it is the largest city proper in the OECD developed world... |
Asian Games 1986 Asian Games The 10th Asian Games were held from September 20, 1986 to October 5, 1986 in Seoul, South Korea. The city was supposed to host the 1970 games, but it received security threats from neighboring North Korea, forcing it to give up hosting the games to previous 1966 host Bangkok, Thailand... |
4–2 Win | Park Chang-Sun Park Chang-Sun Park Chang-Sun is a South Korean former international footballer who played professionally as a striker for Hallelujah FC, Daewoo Royals and Yukong Elephants. He represented South Korea at the 1986 FIFA World Cup.... , Kim Joo-Sung, Lee Tae-Ho Lee Tae-Ho Lee Tae-Ho is a South Korean former footballer who played for the whole of his career as a forward for Daewoo Royals... , Cho Min-Gook |
| 7 | December 14, 1988 | Qatar Qatar Qatar , also known as the State of Qatar or locally Dawlat Qaṭar, is a sovereign Arab state, located in the Middle East, occupying the small Qatar Peninsula on the northeasterly coast of the much larger Arabian Peninsula. Its sole land border is with Saudi Arabia to the south, with the rest of its... |
Asian Cup 1988 AFC Asian Cup The Asian Football Confederation's 1988 AFC Asian Cup finals were held in Qatar between December 2 and December 18. Saudi Arabia defeated Republic of Korea in the final match in Doha.-Qualification:... |
2–1 Win | Lee Tae-Ho Lee Tae-Ho Lee Tae-Ho is a South Korean former footballer who played for the whole of his career as a forward for Daewoo Royals... (2) |
| 8 | October 20, 1989 | Singapore Singapore Singapore , officially the Republic of Singapore, is a Southeast Asian city-state off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, north of the equator. An island country made up of 63 islands, it is separated from Malaysia by the Straits of Johor to its north and from Indonesia's Riau Islands by the... |
Italy World Cup Qualifier | 1–0 Win | Kim Joo-Sung |
| 9 | July 31, 1990 | Beijing Beijing Beijing , also known as Peking , is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The city is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's... |
Dynasty Cup Dynasty Cup Dynasty Cup was an East Asian international association football tournament. The tournament was held every 2 or 3 years. It was hosted by Beijing in 1990 and 1992, Hong Kong in 1995, Yokohama and Tokyo in 1998... 1st Round |
1–0 Win | Lee Sang-Yoon Lee Sang-Yoon Lee Sang-Yoon is a retired South Korean football player.He played mostly for Ilhwa Chunma.He played for the South Korea national football team and was a participant at two edition of FIFA World Cup, in 1990 and 1998.-Honors:... |
| 10 | August 3, 1990 | Beijing | Dynasty Cup Final | 1–1 Tie (PK 5–4) | Hwangbo Kwan Hwangbo Kwan Hwangbo Kwan is a South Korean football manager and former player.In the 1990 FIFA World Cup, he recorded a 114 km/h shot on goal against Spain.- Club career :*1988-1995 Yukong Kokkiri... |
| 11 | September 27, 1990 | Beijing | Asian Games 1990 Asian Games The 11th Asian Games also known as XI Asiad were held from September 22, 1990 to October 7, 1990 in Beijing, China. It was the first large-scale international sports event to be held in the People's Republic of China. A total number of 6,122 athletes, coming from 37 countries, competed in 29 sports... |
2–0 Win | Seo Jung-Won (2) |
| 12 | August 26, 1992 | Beijing | Dynasty Cup | 2–0 Win | Park Hyun-Yong, Jung Jae-Kwon |
| 13 | February 19, 1995 | Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong is one of two Special Administrative Regions of the People's Republic of China , the other being Macau. A city-state situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour... |
Dynasty Cup | 0–0 Tie | |
| 14 | September 25, 1996 | Seoul | Friendly | 3–1 Win | Seo Jung-Won, Lee Ki-Hyung Lee Ki-Hyung Lee Ki-Hyung is a football coach and former player from South Korea.-Club career:Lee has spent most of his club career playing for Suwon Samsung Bluewings and Seongnam Ilhwa Chunma, the two powerhouses of South Korean football.... , Ha Seok-Ju |
| 15 | November 26, 1996 | Guangzhou Guangzhou Guangzhou , known historically as Canton or Kwangchow, is the capital and largest city of the Guangdong province in the People's Republic of China. Located in southern China on the Pearl River, about north-northwest of Hong Kong, Guangzhou is a key national transportation hub and trading port... |
Friendly | 3–2 Win | Noh Sang-Rae, Shin Hong-Gi, Lee Young-Jin Lee Young-Jin Lee Young-Jin is a South Korea football manager and former player.He played only one club LG Cheetahs that predecessor of FC Seoul. He capped 186 games and scored 10 goals/23 assists in League, and 34 games and scored 1 goal/5 assists in Cup... |
| 16 | April 23, 1997 | Beijing | Friendly | 2–0 Win | Park Kun-Ha Park Kun-Ha Park Kun-Ha is a retired South Korean footballer and the coach of South Korea national under-23 football team.He started his professional career in 1996 as the founding member of Suwon Samsung Bluewings... (2) |
| 17 | August 30, 1997 | Seoul | Friendly | 0–0 Tie | |
| 18 | March 4, 1998 | Yokohama Yokohama is the capital city of Kanagawa Prefecture and the second largest city in Japan by population after Tokyo and most populous municipality of Japan. It lies on Tokyo Bay, south of Tokyo, in the Kantō region of the main island of Honshu... |
Dynasty Cup | 2–1 Win | Choi Sung-Yong Choi Sung-Yong Choi Sung-Yong is a South Korean former football wingback and midfielder.He played in all of South Korea’s matches at the 1998 World Cup and was also a member of the 2002 World Cup squad... , Lee Sang-Yoon Lee Sang-Yoon Lee Sang-Yoon is a retired South Korean football player.He played mostly for Ilhwa Chunma.He played for the South Korea national football team and was a participant at two edition of FIFA World Cup, in 1990 and 1998.-Honors:... |
| 19 | June 4, 1998 | Seoul | Friendly | 1–1 Tie | Lee Sang-Yoon Lee Sang-Yoon Lee Sang-Yoon is a retired South Korean football player.He played mostly for Ilhwa Chunma.He played for the South Korea national football team and was a participant at two edition of FIFA World Cup, in 1990 and 1998.-Honors:... |
| 20 | November 22, 1998 | Shanghai Shanghai Shanghai is the largest city by population in China and the largest city proper in the world. It is one of the four province-level municipalities in the People's Republic of China, with a total population of over 23 million as of 2010... |
Friendly | 0–0 Tie | |
| 21 | July 28, 2000 | Beijing | Friendly | 1–0 Win | Lee Young-Pyo Lee Young-Pyo Lee Young-Pyo is a South Korean football player. Lee is recognized for his speed and dribbling skills. His former manager Martin Jol once called him "the best left-back in Holland".... |
| 22 | November 13, 2000 | Tripoli | Asian Cup 2000 AFC Asian Cup The Asian Football Confederation's 2000 AFC Asian Cup finals were held in Lebanon between October 12 and October 29. Japan defeated defending champion Saudi Arabia in the final match in Beirut.-Qualification:... 1st Round |
2–2 Tie | Lee Young-Pyo Lee Young-Pyo Lee Young-Pyo is a South Korean football player. Lee is recognized for his speed and dribbling skills. His former manager Martin Jol once called him "the best left-back in Holland".... , Noh Jung-Yoon Noh Jung-Yoon Noh Jung-Yoon was a South Korean footballer who spent almost his whole career in the J. League Division 1, with a spell in the Dutch League. The midfielder was the first Korean player to play in the J. League Division 1 when he moved to Japan in 1992 when the J... |
| 23 | October 29, 2000 | Beirut Beirut Beirut is the capital and largest city of Lebanon, with a population ranging from 1 million to more than 2 million . Located on a peninsula at the midpoint of Lebanon's Mediterranean coastline, it serves as the country's largest and main seaport, and also forms the Beirut Metropolitan... |
Asian Cup 2000 AFC Asian Cup The Asian Football Confederation's 2000 AFC Asian Cup finals were held in Lebanon between October 12 and October 29. Japan defeated defending champion Saudi Arabia in the final match in Beirut.-Qualification:... Third Place Match |
1–0 Win | Lee Dong-Gook Lee Dong-Gook Lee Dong-Gook is a South Korean football striker, who plays for Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors in K-League.-Early career:Lee started playing football for Pohang Steelers, where due to his outstanding performance in his first season, he managed to make his debut for the South Korean national team making... |
| 24 | April 27, 2002 | Incheon Incheon The Incheon Metropolitan City is located in northwestern South Korea. The city was home to just 4,700 people when Jemulpo port was built in 1883. Today 2.76 million people live in the city, making it Korea’s third most populous city after Seoul and Busan Metropolitan City... |
Friendly | 0–0 Tie | |
| 25 | December 7, 2003 | Saitama Saitama, Saitama ' is the capital and the most populous city of Saitama Prefecture in Japan, situated in the south-east of the prefecture. Its area incorporates the former cities of Urawa, Ōmiya, Yono and Iwatsuki. It is a city designated by government ordinance... |
East Asian Cup East Asian Cup 2003 -Personal awards:-Matches Detail:Finals matches held in Japan, all times local time.-------------Final standing:-External links:**... |
1–0 Win | Yoo Sang-Chul Yoo Sang-Chul Yoo Sang-Chul is a South Korean football manager and former football player. He is currently the manager of K-League team Daejeon Citizen.- Profile :*Weight: 78 kg*First Int'l Cap: USA... |
| 26 | July 31, 2005 | Daejon | East Asian Cup East Asian Cup 2005 -Personal Awards:-Matches Detail:The final tournament started on 31 July, 2005. China won their first ever international title. The next tournament was scheduled for 2008.-------------Personal Awards:-Final standing:-External links:*... |
1–1 Tie | Kim Jin-Kyu |
| 27 | February 17, 2008 | Chongqing Chongqing Chongqing is a major city in Southwest China and one of the five national central cities of China. Administratively, it is one of the PRC's four direct-controlled municipalities , and the only such municipality in inland China.The municipality was created on 14 March 1997, succeeding the... |
East Asian Cup East Asian Cup 2008 The 2008 East Asian Football Championship was held between 17 February and 23 February in 2008. The preliminary competitions were held from 25 March to 24 June in 2007.... |
3–2 Win | Park Chu-Young Park Chu-Young Park Chu-Young is a South Korean footballer who plays for Arsenal in the Premier League and is the current captain for the South Korea national team.-Youth career:... (2), Kwak Tae-Hwi Kwak Tae-Hwi Kwak Tae-Hwi , is a South Korean football Centre back who currently plays for Ulsan Hyundai and South Korea national football team.-International goals:-External links:* at KFA.or.kr* at FIFA.com... |
| 28 | February 10, 2010 | Tokyo Tokyo , ; officially , is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area, and the largest metropolitan area of Japan. It is the seat of the Japanese government and the Imperial Palace, and the home of the Japanese Imperial Family... |
East Asian Cup | 0–3 Lose |