Kamer-Kollezhsky Val
Encyclopedia
Kamer-Kollezhsky Val is a ring of streets around the center of Moscow
, Russia
. It is the third historical ring of Moscow (after Boulevard Ring
and Garden Ring
), with a total length of 37 kilometers, partially integrated into the modern Third Ring
circular highway. Kamer-Kollezhsky Val is not a road ring in a strict sense, as it has no crossings over Moskva River
.
The rampart was built in 1731-1742 by Kamer Collegium (tax authority, one of 12 colleges of Peter I
), originally as an earth wall with 16 (later 18) guarded checkpoints (застава, zastava) for internal passport
control and taxing the cargoes. By 1806, it became Moscow's police border, by 1864 - the administrative border between the city, controlled by Moscow City Hall
and country, controlled by Zemstvo
.
Checkpoints were abandoned in 1852, and all fortifications gradually demolished. Names of streets and squares on the site of old rampart end in Russian words Val (Rampart) and Zastava (Checkpoint), i.e. Rogozhsky Val. Exceptions:
Territories around the rampart developed in the second half of the 19th century as industrial, working-class neighborhoods.
The Third Ring
, built in the 1990s, coincides with the rampart in its northern segment; in the north-eastern segment (Lefortovo
), the rampart extends beyond Third Ring; elsewhere, the Third Ring extends beyond the rampart. Likewise, the boundary of Central Administrative District is distinct from both Kamer-Kollezhsky Val and Third Ring.
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
. It is the third historical ring of Moscow (after Boulevard Ring
Boulevard Ring
The Boulevard Ring is Moscow's second centremost ring road . Boulevards form a semicircular chain along the western, northern and eastern sides of the historical White City of Moscow; in the south the incomplete ring is terminated by the embankments of Moskva River...
and Garden Ring
Garden Ring
The Garden Ring, also known as the "B" Ring , is a circular avenue around the central Moscow, its course corresponding to what used to be the city ramparts surrounding Zemlyanoy Gorod in the 17th century....
), with a total length of 37 kilometers, partially integrated into the modern Third Ring
Third Ring
The Third Ring Road, or The Third Ring, is Moscow's newest beltway, located between the Garden Ring in the city centre and Moscow Ring Road....
circular highway. Kamer-Kollezhsky Val is not a road ring in a strict sense, as it has no crossings over Moskva River
Moskva River
The Moskva River is a river that flows through the Moscow and Smolensk Oblasts in Russia, and is a tributary of the Oka River.-Etymology:...
.
The rampart was built in 1731-1742 by Kamer Collegium (tax authority, one of 12 colleges of Peter I
Government reform of Peter I
Government reform of Peter I refers to modifications made to the state apparatus of Russia during the rule of Peter I.Peter ascended to the throne in 1682; he ruled jointly with his half-brother Ivan V. After Ivan's death in 1696, Peter implemented a series of sweeping reforms aimed at modernizing...
), originally as an earth wall with 16 (later 18) guarded checkpoints (застава, zastava) for internal passport
Internal passport
An internal passport is an identity document used in some countries to control the internal movement and residence of its people. Countries that currently have internal passports include Russia, Ukraine, China and North Korea...
control and taxing the cargoes. By 1806, it became Moscow's police border, by 1864 - the administrative border between the city, controlled by Moscow City Hall
Moscow City Hall
The former Moscow City Hall is an ornate red-brick edifice situated immediately to the east of the State Historical Museum and notable in the history of architecture as a unique hybrid of the Russian Revival and Neo-Renaissance styles. During Soviet times it served as the V. I...
and country, controlled by Zemstvo
Zemstvo
Zemstvo was a form of local government that was instituted during the great liberal reforms performed in Imperial Russia by Alexander II of Russia. The idea of the zemstvo was elaborated by Nikolay Milyutin, and the first zemstvo laws were put into effect in 1864...
.
Checkpoints were abandoned in 1852, and all fortifications gradually demolished. Names of streets and squares on the site of old rampart end in Russian words Val (Rampart) and Zastava (Checkpoint), i.e. Rogozhsky Val. Exceptions:
- Izmailovsky Val, a part of Kamer-Kollezhsky Val, emerged in 1930s after draining the ponds east of Yauza river
- Korovy Val and Zemlyanoy Val actually belong to Garden Ring, not Kamer-Kollezhsky Val
Territories around the rampart developed in the second half of the 19th century as industrial, working-class neighborhoods.
The Third Ring
Third Ring
The Third Ring Road, or The Third Ring, is Moscow's newest beltway, located between the Garden Ring in the city centre and Moscow Ring Road....
, built in the 1990s, coincides with the rampart in its northern segment; in the north-eastern segment (Lefortovo
Lefortovo
Lefortovo could refer to a number of places or things in or around Moscow, Russia:*Lefortovo District, a district in South-Eastern Administrative Okrug*Lefortovo prison, a prison*Lefortovo tunnel, a road tunnel...
), the rampart extends beyond Third Ring; elsewhere, the Third Ring extends beyond the rampart. Likewise, the boundary of Central Administrative District is distinct from both Kamer-Kollezhsky Val and Third Ring.