José María Albiñana
Encyclopedia
José María Albiñana was a Spanish
physician
, medical writer, philosopher and politician
.
Born in Enguera
, Valencia
he was a Doctor of Medicine specialising in mental health. He was also a doctor in law and philosophy
and with Delgado Barreto founded the Partido Nacionalista Español.
in medical philosophy Concepto actual de la Filosofía médica y su valor en el desarrollo de la Medicina.
He founded the newspaper La Sanidad Civil in order to vindicate the rights of medical professionals, and were funded by the state. In 1920 he was elected to chair the History of Medicine at the University of Alcala
but without success a later distanced himself from university life. From his early 20s he began publishing medical literature and philosophy. His notable works of his first 20 years in the profession are shown below in his works.
In the 1920s he continued his activity in Mexico
, at the Mexican capital
, where he establishes his own clinic. He became acquainted with Hispanic-American way of life and attended many conferences, publishing a multitude of new works and three autobiographical novels Sol de Levante (Gerardo Sisniega, México, 1923), Aventuras Tropicales. En busca del oro verde (Madrid, 1928) and Bajo el cielo mejicano" (Cía. Ibero-Americana de Publicaciones Madrid, 1930).
His time in Mexico was marred by political unrest and violence. Madero
had been assassinated in 1913, Emiliano Zapata
in 1919, Pancho Villa
in 1923 and Carranza
in 1920. Farmers revolts, coup d'etats and crime become the political norm. Obregón
was assassinated in 1928 and the Cristera War broke out with the cristeros representing the aspiration of the Mexican Catholics. Such was the mistrust of foreigners during this period, that Albinana was later expelled from the country under Plutarco Elías Calles
where he was later elected as its delegate in 1934, and reelected in 1936, although by this time his Valencian accent had become mixed with a Mexican accent causing some suspicion. Over time he gained the trust of the people in Burgos, catering to the needs of the neighbourhoods in Burgos and readily answering questions. He brought about a number of infrastructural developments in Burgos including the legal work for the Compañía de Aguas de Burgos (Burgos Water Company), installation of the telephone in Villarcayo and Medina de Pomar
, instalación and the creation of Burgos Airport
, securing important subsidies and investors to develop the regio.
. With the triumph of the pro-Franco side, streets in several localities, mainly in his native Valencia were dedicated to him.
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
physician
Physician
A physician is a health care provider who practices the profession of medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury and other physical and mental impairments...
, medical writer, philosopher and politician
Politician
A politician, political leader, or political figure is an individual who is involved in influencing public policy and decision making...
.
Born in Enguera
Enguera
Enguera is a municipality in southwestern province of Valencia, Spain.The local economy depends primarily on agriculture, and secondarily on industry and services. In recent years, agricultural crops, especially olives, have gained in importance, although the complementary or secondary component...
, Valencia
Valencia (province)
Valencia or València is a province of Spain, in the central part of the Valencian Community.It is bordered by the provinces of Alicante, Albacete, Cuenca, Teruel, Castellón, and the Mediterranean Sea...
he was a Doctor of Medicine specialising in mental health. He was also a doctor in law and philosophy
Philosophy
Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. Philosophy is distinguished from other ways of addressing such problems by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational...
and with Delgado Barreto founded the Partido Nacionalista Español.
Medicine
He was an academic of the Real Academia Nacional de Medicina of Spain where he was awarded for his workin medical philosophy Concepto actual de la Filosofía médica y su valor en el desarrollo de la Medicina.
He founded the newspaper La Sanidad Civil in order to vindicate the rights of medical professionals, and were funded by the state. In 1920 he was elected to chair the History of Medicine at the University of Alcala
University of Alcalá
The University of Alcalá is a public university located in Alcalá de Henares, a city 35 km northeast of Madrid in Spain. Founded in 1499, it was moved in 1836 to Madrid. In 1977, the University was reopened in its same historical buildings...
but without success a later distanced himself from university life. From his early 20s he began publishing medical literature and philosophy. His notable works of his first 20 years in the profession are shown below in his works.
Mexico
Mexico
The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...
, at the Mexican capital
Mexico City
Mexico City is the Federal District , capital of Mexico and seat of the federal powers of the Mexican Union. It is a federal entity within Mexico which is not part of any one of the 31 Mexican states but belongs to the federation as a whole...
, where he establishes his own clinic. He became acquainted with Hispanic-American way of life and attended many conferences, publishing a multitude of new works and three autobiographical novels Sol de Levante (Gerardo Sisniega, México, 1923), Aventuras Tropicales. En busca del oro verde (Madrid, 1928) and Bajo el cielo mejicano" (Cía. Ibero-Americana de Publicaciones Madrid, 1930).
His time in Mexico was marred by political unrest and violence. Madero
Francisco I. Madero
Francisco Ignacio Madero González was a politician, writer and revolutionary who served as President of Mexico from 1911 to 1913. As a respectable upper-class politician, he supplied a center around which opposition to the dictatorship of Porfirio Díaz could coalesce...
had been assassinated in 1913, Emiliano Zapata
Emiliano Zapata
Emiliano Zapata Salazar was a leading figure in the Mexican Revolution, which broke out in 1910, and which was initially directed against the president Porfirio Díaz. He formed and commanded an important revolutionary force, the Liberation Army of the South, during the Mexican Revolution...
in 1919, Pancho Villa
Pancho Villa
José Doroteo Arango Arámbula – better known by his pseudonym Francisco Villa or its hypocorism Pancho Villa – was one of the most prominent Mexican Revolutionary generals....
in 1923 and Carranza
Venustiano Carranza
Venustiano Carranza de la Garza, was one of the leaders of the Mexican Revolution. He ultimately became President of Mexico following the overthrow of the dictatorial Huerta regime in the summer of 1914 and during his administration the current constitution of Mexico was drafted...
in 1920. Farmers revolts, coup d'etats and crime become the political norm. Obregón
Álvaro Obregón
General Álvaro Obregón Salido was the President of Mexico from 1920 to 1924. He was assassinated in 1928, shortly after winning election to another presidential term....
was assassinated in 1928 and the Cristera War broke out with the cristeros representing the aspiration of the Mexican Catholics. Such was the mistrust of foreigners during this period, that Albinana was later expelled from the country under Plutarco Elías Calles
Plutarco Elías Calles
Plutarco Elías Calles was a Mexican general and politician. He was president of Mexico from 1924 to 1928, but he continued to be the de facto ruler from 1928–1935, a period known as the maximato...
Burgos delegate
Albiñana returned to Spain in BurgosBurgos
Burgos is a city of northern Spain, historic capital of Castile. It is situated at the edge of the central plateau, with about 178,966 inhabitants in the city proper and another 20,000 in its suburbs. It is the capital of the province of Burgos, in the autonomous community of Castile and León...
where he was later elected as its delegate in 1934, and reelected in 1936, although by this time his Valencian accent had become mixed with a Mexican accent causing some suspicion. Over time he gained the trust of the people in Burgos, catering to the needs of the neighbourhoods in Burgos and readily answering questions. He brought about a number of infrastructural developments in Burgos including the legal work for the Compañía de Aguas de Burgos (Burgos Water Company), installation of the telephone in Villarcayo and Medina de Pomar
Medina de Pomar
Medina de Pomar is a municipality located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. It is situated 77 km from Bilbao, and 88 km from Burgos, the capital of the province, 8 kilometres from Villarcayo and about 20 km from Espinosa de los Monteros, which are the most important towns in the...
, instalación and the creation of Burgos Airport
Burgos Airport
Burgos Airport , also known as Villafría, is an airport located west of the central business district of Burgos, a city in Spain.- History :...
, securing important subsidies and investors to develop the regio.
Assassination and tribute
He was killed while out on the streets after the beginning of Spanish Civil WarSpanish Civil War
The Spanish Civil WarAlso known as The Crusade among Nationalists, the Fourth Carlist War among Carlists, and The Rebellion or Uprising among Republicans. was a major conflict fought in Spain from 17 July 1936 to 1 April 1939...
. With the triumph of the pro-Franco side, streets in several localities, mainly in his native Valencia were dedicated to him.
Published works
- La medicina en verso. Colección de humoradas médico-literarias, (1904)
- Fraternidad y cultura. Medios que pueden ponerse en práctica por el Estado, corporaciones o particulares para auxiliar a los estudiantes que no dispongan de medios de fortuna (Valencia, 1905)
- La medicación catodilítico-fosfatada en el tratamiento de la neurastenia Congreso de la Asociación Española para el progreso de la Ciencia (Zaragoza, 1908)
- Orientación de la juventud ante el problema religioso (Valencia, 1910)
- Los crímenes del caciquismo: la tragedia de El Pobo. Defensa del médico don Alfredo Alegre. Informe presentado en el jucio oral ... (Madrid, 1918)
- La ignorancia de las Academias (Madrid, 1918)
- Cooperación española a la formación de la Escuela Médica de Montellier Primer Congreso Internacional de la Historia de la Medicina ( Amberes, 1920)
- Desarrollo de las Comunidades Espirituales (192?)
- Programa para un curso de Historia Crítica de la Medicina (1921)
- La situación de México vista desde España Ateneo de Madrid (Madrid, 1921),
- Sol de Levante (Gerardo Sisniega, México, 1923),
- Aventuras Tropicales. En busca del oro verde (Madrid, 1928)
- Bajo el cielo mejicano" (Cía. Ibero-Americana de Publicaciones Madrid, 1930).
External links
- Arbil, nº78 El ideal monárquico en la II República at arbil.org