Joseph Reed (architect)
Encyclopedia
Joseph Reed a Cornishman by birth, was probably the most influential Victorian era
architect
in Melbourne
, Australia
. He established a practice, Reed and Barnes in Melbourne in 1852. The practice now known as Bates Smart
is one of the oldest continually operating in the world.
Reed's buildings represent an impressive body of work much of which still exists today. They include the classical
State Library of Victoria
(1856), Collins Street Independent Church (1867), Frederick Sargood's Rippon Lea Estate
(1868) and Melbourne Trades Hall (1873). In contrast to the polychrome Romanesque of Rippon Lea and the Independent Church is the stern Gothic manner of Scots' Church
(1871-4) across the road; the energetic spire was for the last decades of the nineteenth century Melbourne's tallest structure. The Trades Hall is grandly palatial, the world's oldest and probably most splendid trades hall. In the fashionable Second Empire style Reed also designed Melbourne Town Hall
(1870); the World Heritage
-listed Royal Exhibition Building
, completed for the 1880 International Exposition in Melbourne; and the now demolished Menzies Hotel (1867). Reed completed the building of St Paul's Anglican Cathedral
to the designs of William Butterfield
after that architect resigned the project in 1887. Reed was faithful to the original design, but provided most of the furnishings, including the elaborate pulpit. He died in 1891, soon after the completion of St Paul's.
Victorian architecture
The term Victorian architecture refers collectively to several architectural styles employed predominantly during the middle and late 19th century. The period that it indicates may slightly overlap the actual reign, 20 June 1837 – 22 January 1901, of Queen Victoria. This represents the British and...
architect
Architect
An architect is a person trained in the planning, design and oversight of the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to offer or render services in connection with the design and construction of a building, or group of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the...
in Melbourne
Melbourne
Melbourne is the capital and most populous city in the state of Victoria, and the second most populous city in Australia. The Melbourne City Centre is the hub of the greater metropolitan area and the Census statistical division—of which "Melbourne" is the common name. As of June 2009, the greater...
, Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...
. He established a practice, Reed and Barnes in Melbourne in 1852. The practice now known as Bates Smart
Bates Smart
Bates Smart is Australia's second oldest architectural firm, established in 1853 by Joseph Reed as the practice Reed and Barnes. JPE Design Studio in Adelaide founded in 1851 by Daniel Garlick is the oldest continuing architectural practice in Australia....
is one of the oldest continually operating in the world.
Reed's buildings represent an impressive body of work much of which still exists today. They include the classical
Classical architecture
Classical architecture is a mode of architecture employing vocabulary derived in part from the Greek and Roman architecture of classical antiquity, enriched by classicizing architectural practice in Europe since the Renaissance...
State Library of Victoria
State Library of Victoria
The State Library of Victoria is the central library of the state of Victoria, Australia, located in Melbourne. It is on the block bounded by Swanston, La Trobe, Russell, and Little Lonsdale streets, in the northern centre of the central business district...
(1856), Collins Street Independent Church (1867), Frederick Sargood's Rippon Lea Estate
Rippon Lea Estate
Rippon Lea Estate is a historic property located in Elsternwick, Victoria, Australia. It is under the care of the National Trust of Australia.It was built in 1868 for Sir Frederick Sargood, a wealthy Melbourne businessman, politician and philanthropist...
(1868) and Melbourne Trades Hall (1873). In contrast to the polychrome Romanesque of Rippon Lea and the Independent Church is the stern Gothic manner of Scots' Church
Scots' Church, Melbourne
The Scots' Church, a Presbyterian church in Melbourne, Australia, was the first Presbyterian Church to be built in the Port Phillip District . It is located in Collins Street and is a congregation of the Presbyterian Church of Australia...
(1871-4) across the road; the energetic spire was for the last decades of the nineteenth century Melbourne's tallest structure. The Trades Hall is grandly palatial, the world's oldest and probably most splendid trades hall. In the fashionable Second Empire style Reed also designed Melbourne Town Hall
Melbourne Town Hall
Melbourne Town Hall is the central municipal building of the City of Melbourne, Australia, in the State of Victoria. It is located on the northeast corner of Swanston and Collins Streets, in the central business district. It is the seat of the Local Government Area of the City of Melbourne...
(1870); the World Heritage
World Heritage Site
A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a place that is listed by the UNESCO as of special cultural or physical significance...
-listed Royal Exhibition Building
Royal Exhibition Building
The Royal Exhibition Building is a World Heritage Site-listed building in Melbourne, Australia, completed in 1880. It is located at 9 Nicholson Street in the Carlton Gardens, flanked by Victoria, Nicholson, Carlton and Rathdowne Streets, at the north-eastern edge of the central business district...
, completed for the 1880 International Exposition in Melbourne; and the now demolished Menzies Hotel (1867). Reed completed the building of St Paul's Anglican Cathedral
St Paul's Cathedral, Melbourne
St Paul's Cathedral, Melbourne, is the metropolitical and cathedral church of the Anglican Diocese of Melbourne, Victoria in Australia. It is the seat of the Anglican Archbishop of Melbourne and Metropolitan of the Province of Victoria...
to the designs of William Butterfield
William Butterfield
William Butterfield was a Gothic Revival architect and associated with the Oxford Movement . He is noted for his use of polychromy-Biography:...
after that architect resigned the project in 1887. Reed was faithful to the original design, but provided most of the furnishings, including the elaborate pulpit. He died in 1891, soon after the completion of St Paul's.
Full List of Works
- Collins Street Baptist Church (1845)
- State Library of VictoriaState Library of VictoriaThe State Library of Victoria is the central library of the state of Victoria, Australia, located in Melbourne. It is on the block bounded by Swanston, La Trobe, Russell, and Little Lonsdale streets, in the northern centre of the central business district...
(1854) - Geelong Town HallGeelong Town HallGeelong Town Hall is a civic building located on Gheringhap Street in central Geelong, Victoria. It was originally built for the City of Geelong, which became the City of Greater Geelong in 1993.-Construction:...
(1855) - Wesley ChurchWesley Church, MelbourneWesley Church is a Uniting Church in the centre of Melbourne, in the State of Victoria, Australia.Wesley Church was originally built as the central church of the Wesleyan movement in Victoria. It is named after John Wesley , the founder of Methodism...
(1857) - Royal SocietyRoyal Society of VictoriaThe Royal Society of Victoria is the oldest learned society in the state of Victoria in Australia.The Royal Society of Victoria was formed in 1859 from a merger between The Philosophical Society of Victoria and The Victorian Institute for the Advancement of Science , both founded...
Buildings (1858) (Reed & Barnes) - 157 Hotham Street, East Melbourne (1861) (attributed)
- Commercial Banking Company of Sydney (1862) (demolished 1956)
- St Michaels Uniting ChurchSt Michael's Uniting Church, MelbourneSt. Michael’s Uniting Church is a Uniting Church in Australia church in Collins St in central Melbourne, Australia. Originally the Collins Street Independent Church, a Congregational Union of Australia church, and later Collins Street Uniting Church, it has become well known as a centre of liberal...
(1866) - The Menzies Hotel (1867) (Reed & Barnes)
- Rippon Lea EstateRippon Lea EstateRippon Lea Estate is a historic property located in Elsternwick, Victoria, Australia. It is under the care of the National Trust of Australia.It was built in 1868 for Sir Frederick Sargood, a wealthy Melbourne businessman, politician and philanthropist...
(1868) (Reed & Barnes) - Melbourne Town HallMelbourne Town HallMelbourne Town Hall is the central municipal building of the City of Melbourne, Australia, in the State of Victoria. It is located on the northeast corner of Swanston and Collins Streets, in the central business district. It is the seat of the Local Government Area of the City of Melbourne...
(1869) - Carlton Methodist Mission, now Church of All Nations, Palmerston St, Carlton (1870)
- Melbourne Trades Hall (1873) (Reed & Barnes)
- Scots' ChurchScots' Church, MelbourneThe Scots' Church, a Presbyterian church in Melbourne, Australia, was the first Presbyterian Church to be built in the Port Phillip District . It is located in Collins Street and is a congregation of the Presbyterian Church of Australia...
(1873) (Reed & Barnes) - ANZ Bank, Collins Street (1876) (Reed & Barnes)
- Faraday School, CarltonCarlton, VictoriaCarlton is an inner city suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 2 km north from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the City of Melbourne...
(1876) (Reed & Barnes) - Eildon MansionEildon MansionEildon Mansion is one of the largest renaissance style houses in Melbourne, built in 1877 in Grey St. St Kilda, in Melbourne which is on the Victorian Heritage Register....
(1877) (Reed & Barnes) - Eastern Market (1877) (Reed & Barnes) (demolished in the 1960s)
- Wilson Hall, Melbourne University (destroyed by fire in 1952)
- Royal Exhibition BuildingRoyal Exhibition BuildingThe Royal Exhibition Building is a World Heritage Site-listed building in Melbourne, Australia, completed in 1880. It is located at 9 Nicholson Street in the Carlton Gardens, flanked by Victoria, Nicholson, Carlton and Rathdowne Streets, at the north-eastern edge of the central business district...
(1879) (Reed & Barnes) - Ormond CollegeOrmond College (University of Melbourne)Ormond College is the largest of the residential colleges of the University of Melbourne. It is home to 332 undergraduates, 30 postgraduates and 27 professorial/academic residents.-Establishment:...
, Melbourne University (1881) - Holy Trinity Church, St KildaSt Kilda, VictoriaSt Kilda is an inner city suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 6 km south from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the City of Port Phillip...
(1882–1889) (Reed & Barnes) - Old Pathology Building, Melbourne University (1885) (Reed, Henderson & Smart)
- Lombard Building (15-17 Queen Street) (1887) (Reed, Henderson & Smart)
- Baldwin Spencer Building, Melbourne University (1887) (Reed, Henderson & Smart)
- Old Physics Conference Room and Gallery, Melbourne University (1888) (Reed, Henderson & Smart)
- Sacred Heart Church, St Kilda (1891) (Reed, Henderson & Smart)
- Mutual Store, Flinders StreetFlinders StreetFlinders Street, named after explorer Matthew Flinders, may refer to:*Flinders Street, Adelaide*Flinders Street, Melbourne*Flinders Street Station, a railway station in Melbourne*Flinders Street Viaduct, a railway bridge in Melbourne...
(1891) (Reed, Smart & Tappin) - A.C Goode House (1891) (Wright, Reed & Beaver)
- Metropolitan Gas Company (1892) (Reed, Smart & Tappin)
- Church of Our Lady of the Sacred Heart, CarltonCarlton, VictoriaCarlton is an inner city suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 2 km north from Melbourne's central business district. Its Local Government Area is the City of Melbourne...
(1910) (Reed, Smart & Tappin)