Joseph IV (Chaldean Patriarch)
Encyclopedia
Mar Joseph IV Timotheus Lazar Hindi was the fourth incumbent of the Josephite line of Church of the East
, a patriarchate in Full Communion
with the pope
mainly active in the areas of Amid and Mardin
, thus being considered the Patriarch of the Chaldean Catholic Church
from 1757 to 1796.
in Rome
, was elected patriarch after the death, happened on 23 January 1757, of his predecessor Joseph III Timothy Maroge
. He was consecrated bishop on 8 February 1757 by Yohannan Basil, bishop of Mardin (died 1758), who in turn was consecrated bishop in 1741 by Joseph III
. Lazar Hindi was confirmed patriarch by the Clement XIII on 25 March 1759 and received the pallium
on 9 April 1759. He took the name of Joseph (Youssef) IV.
From 1765 to 1768 he went to Rome
for printing Chaldean liturgical books and Gospels.
Lazar Hindi coped with the main problem of his predecessors: the tax burdens imposed by the Turkish
authorities on his churches with any kind of pretexts. As his predecessor, in the 1770s he visited the European courts to raise founds but without results.
Back in Amid, dispirited, he resigned in August 1780, appointing as successor his nephew Augustine Hindi
. The Holy See
accepted the resignation in 1781 but objected the succession to his nephew. Informed of this, Lazar Hindi withdrew his resignation and remained in Amid.
In 1789 Lazar Hindi was imprisoned by the Turkish authorities for his debt of twenty thousand piastras. He escaped in 1790 and left for Rome.
When he arrived in Rome in March 1791, he found that the Vatican
was not so interested in his little patriarchate, while was working on possible unions with both the patriarchate of Qochanis
, whose patriarch Mar Shimun XV Maqdassi Mikhail in 1770 wrote to Rome to establish contacts, and mainly with the ancient patriarchate of Alqosh
, contended by two cousins, one of which, Yohannan VIII Eliya Hormizd
, considered himself a Catholic. In 1791 the Vatican had given the government of Amid, the main town of Lazar Hindi's patriarchate, to Yohannan Hormizd. Lazar Hindi vehemently excepted, and in 1793 succeeded to have his nephew Augustine returned to be the episcopal administrator of Amid, besides being patriarchal administrator.
Lazar Hindi died in Italy
in 1796.
Church of the East
The Church of the East tāʾ d-Maḏnḥāʾ), also known as the Nestorian Church, is a Christian church, part of the Syriac tradition of Eastern Christianity. Originally the church of the Persian Sassanid Empire, it quickly spread widely through Asia...
, a patriarchate in Full Communion
Full communion
In Christian ecclesiology, full communion is a relationship between church organizations or groups that mutually recognize their sharing the essential doctrines....
with the pope
Pope
The Pope is the Bishop of Rome, a position that makes him the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church . In the Catholic Church, the Pope is regarded as the successor of Saint Peter, the Apostle...
mainly active in the areas of Amid and Mardin
Mardin
Mardin is a city in southeastern Turkey. The capital of Mardin Province, it is known for its Arabic-like architecture, and for its strategic location on a rocky mountain overlooking the plains of northern Syria.-History:...
, thus being considered the Patriarch of the Chaldean Catholic Church
Chaldean Catholic Church
The Chaldean Catholic Church , is an Eastern Syriac particular church of the Catholic Church, maintaining full communion with the Bishop of Rome and the rest of the Catholic Church...
from 1757 to 1796.
Life
Lazar Hindi, born on 14 September 1726, educated by the Urban collegePontifical Urbaniana University
The Pontifical Urbaniana University or Pontifical Urban University is a pontifical university under the authority of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples.-History:...
in Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
, was elected patriarch after the death, happened on 23 January 1757, of his predecessor Joseph III Timothy Maroge
Joseph III (Chaldean Patriarch)
Mar Joseph III Timothy Maroge was the third incumbent of the Josephite line of Church of the East, a patriarchate in Full Communion with the pope mainly active in the areas of Amid and Mardin, thus being the Patriarch of the Chaldean Catholic Church from 1713 to 1757.-Life:Timothy Maroge was born...
. He was consecrated bishop on 8 February 1757 by Yohannan Basil, bishop of Mardin (died 1758), who in turn was consecrated bishop in 1741 by Joseph III
Joseph III (Chaldean Patriarch)
Mar Joseph III Timothy Maroge was the third incumbent of the Josephite line of Church of the East, a patriarchate in Full Communion with the pope mainly active in the areas of Amid and Mardin, thus being the Patriarch of the Chaldean Catholic Church from 1713 to 1757.-Life:Timothy Maroge was born...
. Lazar Hindi was confirmed patriarch by the Clement XIII on 25 March 1759 and received the pallium
Pallium
The pallium is an ecclesiastical vestment in the Roman Catholic Church, originally peculiar to the Pope, but for many centuries bestowed by him on metropolitans and primates as a symbol of the jurisdiction delegated to them by the Holy See. In that context it has always remained unambiguously...
on 9 April 1759. He took the name of Joseph (Youssef) IV.
From 1765 to 1768 he went to Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
for printing Chaldean liturgical books and Gospels.
Lazar Hindi coped with the main problem of his predecessors: the tax burdens imposed by the Turkish
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
authorities on his churches with any kind of pretexts. As his predecessor, in the 1770s he visited the European courts to raise founds but without results.
Back in Amid, dispirited, he resigned in August 1780, appointing as successor his nephew Augustine Hindi
Augustine Hindi
Mar Joseph V Augustine Hindi † was the patriarchal administrator of the Chaldean Catholic Church from 1781 to 1827, since 1804 he considered himself Patriarch with the name of Joseph V and from 1812 to his death he actually governed both the patriarchal sees of Alqosh and Amid of the Church of the...
. The Holy See
Holy See
The Holy See is the episcopal jurisdiction of the Catholic Church in Rome, in which its Bishop is commonly known as the Pope. It is the preeminent episcopal see of the Catholic Church, forming the central government of the Church. As such, diplomatically, and in other spheres the Holy See acts and...
accepted the resignation in 1781 but objected the succession to his nephew. Informed of this, Lazar Hindi withdrew his resignation and remained in Amid.
In 1789 Lazar Hindi was imprisoned by the Turkish authorities for his debt of twenty thousand piastras. He escaped in 1790 and left for Rome.
When he arrived in Rome in March 1791, he found that the Vatican
Holy See
The Holy See is the episcopal jurisdiction of the Catholic Church in Rome, in which its Bishop is commonly known as the Pope. It is the preeminent episcopal see of the Catholic Church, forming the central government of the Church. As such, diplomatically, and in other spheres the Holy See acts and...
was not so interested in his little patriarchate, while was working on possible unions with both the patriarchate of Qochanis
Qochanis
Qodchanis was the capital of Hakkari and the seat of the Assyrian bishops before 1915.Its ruins are currently north of Hakkâri Province, near the borders of Iran and Iraq, and about 20 km north-east of the provincial capital Hakkâri, in the southeastern of modern Turkey.The town was inhabited by...
, whose patriarch Mar Shimun XV Maqdassi Mikhail in 1770 wrote to Rome to establish contacts, and mainly with the ancient patriarchate of Alqosh
Alqosh
Alqōsh or Alqūsh is one of the most famous Assyrian towns of the mainly East Syrian rite in Iraq. It is located north of Mosul. The name Alqosh is derived from an Akkadian name Eil-Kushtu, where "Eil" means God and "Kushtu" means righteousness or power...
, contended by two cousins, one of which, Yohannan VIII Eliya Hormizd
Yohannan Hormizd
Mar Yohannan VIII Hormizd was the last hereditary patriarch of the Eliya line of the Church of the East and the first patriarch of a united Chaldean Church...
, considered himself a Catholic. In 1791 the Vatican had given the government of Amid, the main town of Lazar Hindi's patriarchate, to Yohannan Hormizd. Lazar Hindi vehemently excepted, and in 1793 succeeded to have his nephew Augustine returned to be the episcopal administrator of Amid, besides being patriarchal administrator.
Lazar Hindi died in Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
in 1796.