John Clarke Hawkshaw
Encyclopedia
John Clarke Hawkshaw was a British
civil engineer
.
Hawkshaw was born in Manchester
, England
in 1841 and was the son of civil engineer Sir John Hawkshaw
and Lady Ann Hawkshaw. He attended Westminster School
and Trinity College, Cambridge
, where he was president of the University Boat Club
and rowed in the annual Boat Race against Oxford University
in 1863 and 1864. On 9 December 1862 John Clarke Hawkshaw was commissioned as an ensign
in the Third Cambridgeshire Rifle Volunteer Corps
a Volunteer Force
unit stationed at Cambridge University. He resigned his commission as ensign in the unit on 1 December 1863. Hawkshaw graduated with a Master of Arts
degree and lived at Liphook
in Hampshire
. By 1876 Hawkshaw was a partner in his father's civil engineering firm.
In March 1876 Hawkshaw was elected a member of the Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers
, an institution that he would become president of in 1889. He served as the 39th president of the Institution of Civil Engineers
from November 1902 to November 1903. In holding that office he followed in the footsteps of his father who had been the 11th president from December 1861 to December 1863. The largest civil engineering project undertaken by the firm which was initiated by John Clarke Hawkshaw was the Puerto Madero docks in Buenos Aires, Argentina (1887–98). On 4 October 1884 Hawkshaw was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel in the Engineer and Railway Staff Corps, an unpaid Royal Engineers
unit which provides technical expertise to the British Army
. He was promoted to honorary Colonel
and the Commandant of that corps on 6 February 1903, reverting to Lieutenant-Colonel on 1 April 1908. In 1903 he was appointed a member of the Royal Commission
to decide the British submission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition
of 1904. Hawkshaw also served as a Justice of the Peace
. He was married to Cecily Mary Wedgwood the daughter of Francis Wedgwood
of the famous pottery firm
. Hawkshaw died on 12 February 1921, Cecily had died in 1917.
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
civil engineer
Civil engineer
A civil engineer is a person who practices civil engineering; the application of planning, designing, constructing, maintaining, and operating infrastructures while protecting the public and environmental health, as well as improving existing infrastructures that have been neglected.Originally, a...
.
Hawkshaw was born in Manchester
Manchester
Manchester is a city and metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester, England. According to the Office for National Statistics, the 2010 mid-year population estimate for Manchester was 498,800. Manchester lies within one of the UK's largest metropolitan areas, the metropolitan county of Greater...
, England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
in 1841 and was the son of civil engineer Sir John Hawkshaw
John Hawkshaw
Sir John Hawkshaw , was an English civil engineer.-Early life:He was born in Leeds, Yorkshire and was educated at Leeds Grammar School...
and Lady Ann Hawkshaw. He attended Westminster School
Westminster School
The Royal College of St. Peter in Westminster, almost always known as Westminster School, is one of Britain's leading independent schools, with the highest Oxford and Cambridge acceptance rate of any secondary school or college in Britain...
and Trinity College, Cambridge
Trinity College, Cambridge
Trinity College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Trinity has more members than any other college in Cambridge or Oxford, with around 700 undergraduates, 430 graduates, and over 170 Fellows...
, where he was president of the University Boat Club
Cambridge University Boat Club
The Cambridge University Boat Club is the rowing club of the University of Cambridge, England, located on the River Cam at Cambridge, although training primarily takes place on the River Great Ouse at Ely. The club was founded in 1828...
and rowed in the annual Boat Race against Oxford University
Oxford University Boat Club
The Oxford University Boat Club is the rowing club of the University of Oxford, England, located on the River Thames at Oxford. The club was founded in the early 19th century....
in 1863 and 1864. On 9 December 1862 John Clarke Hawkshaw was commissioned as an ensign
Ensign (rank)
Ensign is a junior rank of a commissioned officer in the armed forces of some countries, normally in the infantry or navy. As the junior officer in an infantry regiment was traditionally the carrier of the ensign flag, the rank itself acquired the name....
in the Third Cambridgeshire Rifle Volunteer Corps
Cambridgeshire Regiment
The Cambridgeshire Regiment was a territorial infantry regiment of the British Army from 1908 to 1961.-Pre 1908:The regiment had its origins in the rifle volunteer corps formed in Cambridgeshire in 1860. By 1880 the volunteer units in the county had amalgamated as the battalion-size 1st...
a Volunteer Force
Volunteer Force (Great Britain)
The Volunteer Force was a citizen army of part-time rifle, artillery and engineer corps, created as a popular movement in 1859. Originally highly autonomous, the units of volunteers became increasingly integrated with the British Army after the Childers Reforms in 1881, before forming part of the...
unit stationed at Cambridge University. He resigned his commission as ensign in the unit on 1 December 1863. Hawkshaw graduated with a Master of Arts
Master of Arts (postgraduate)
A Master of Arts from the Latin Magister Artium, is a type of Master's degree awarded by universities in many countries. The M.A. is usually contrasted with the M.S. or M.Sc. degrees...
degree and lived at Liphook
Liphook
Liphook is a large village in the East Hampshire district of Hampshire, England. It is 4.1 miles west of Haslemere, on the A3 road, and lies on the Hampshire/West Sussex border.Liphook has its own railway station, on the Portsmouth Direct Line....
in Hampshire
Hampshire
Hampshire is a county on the southern coast of England in the United Kingdom. The county town of Hampshire is Winchester, a historic cathedral city that was once the capital of England. Hampshire is notable for housing the original birthplaces of the Royal Navy, British Army, and Royal Air Force...
. By 1876 Hawkshaw was a partner in his father's civil engineering firm.
In March 1876 Hawkshaw was elected a member of the Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers
Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers
The Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers was founded in 1771, and was originally known as the Society of Civil Engineers, being renamed following its founder's death...
, an institution that he would become president of in 1889. He served as the 39th president of the Institution of Civil Engineers
Institution of Civil Engineers
Founded on 2 January 1818, the Institution of Civil Engineers is an independent professional association, based in central London, representing civil engineering. Like its early membership, the majority of its current members are British engineers, but it also has members in more than 150...
from November 1902 to November 1903. In holding that office he followed in the footsteps of his father who had been the 11th president from December 1861 to December 1863. The largest civil engineering project undertaken by the firm which was initiated by John Clarke Hawkshaw was the Puerto Madero docks in Buenos Aires, Argentina (1887–98). On 4 October 1884 Hawkshaw was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel in the Engineer and Railway Staff Corps, an unpaid Royal Engineers
Royal Engineers
The Corps of Royal Engineers, usually just called the Royal Engineers , and commonly known as the Sappers, is one of the corps of the British Army....
unit which provides technical expertise to the British Army
British Army
The British Army is the land warfare branch of Her Majesty's Armed Forces in the United Kingdom. It came into being with the unification of the Kingdom of England and Scotland into the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707. The new British Army incorporated Regiments that had already existed in England...
. He was promoted to honorary Colonel
Colonel
Colonel , abbreviated Col or COL, is a military rank of a senior commissioned officer. It or a corresponding rank exists in most armies and in many air forces; the naval equivalent rank is generally "Captain". It is also used in some police forces and other paramilitary rank structures...
and the Commandant of that corps on 6 February 1903, reverting to Lieutenant-Colonel on 1 April 1908. In 1903 he was appointed a member of the Royal Commission
Royal Commission
In Commonwealth realms and other monarchies a Royal Commission is a major ad-hoc formal public inquiry into a defined issue. They have been held in various countries such as the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and Saudi Arabia...
to decide the British submission to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition
Louisiana Purchase Exposition
The Louisiana Purchase Exposition, informally known as the Saint Louis World's Fair, was an international exposition held in St. Louis, Missouri, United States in 1904.- Background :...
of 1904. Hawkshaw also served as a Justice of the Peace
Justice of the Peace
A justice of the peace is a puisne judicial officer elected or appointed by means of a commission to keep the peace. Depending on the jurisdiction, they might dispense summary justice or merely deal with local administrative applications in common law jurisdictions...
. He was married to Cecily Mary Wedgwood the daughter of Francis Wedgwood
Francis Wedgwood (1800-1888)
Francis Wedgwood a grandson of the English potter Josiah Wedgwood.Born in Tarrant Gunville, Dorset, Wedgwood was the son of the MP Josiah Wedgwood II...
of the famous pottery firm
Wedgwood
Wedgwood, strictly speaking Josiah Wedgwood and Sons, is a pottery firm owned by KPS Capital Partners, a private equity company based in New York City, USA. Wedgwood was founded on May 1, 1759 by Josiah Wedgwood and in 1987 merged with Waterford Crystal to create Waterford Wedgwood, an...
. Hawkshaw died on 12 February 1921, Cecily had died in 1917.