Johann Nepomuk Oischinger
Encyclopedia
Johann Nepomuk Paul Oischinger (13 May 1817 - 11 December 1876) was a German Roman Catholic theologian and philosopher who was a native of Wittmannsberg, Bavaria
.
Oischinger studied theology and philosophy at the University of Munich, where he had as instructors Franz Xaver von Baader
(1765-1841), Joseph Görres (1776-1848), Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling
(1775-1854), Ignaz von Döllinger (1799-1890), Heinrich Klee
(1800-1840), Johann Adam Möhler
(1796-1838) and Franz Xaver Reithmayr
(1809-1872). In 1841 he received his ordination
in Regensburg
, and shortly afterwards returned to Munich
, where he worked as a private scholar and journalist for the remainder of his career.
His aim in theology was to create a new philosophical system and a scientific offering of Catholic
doctrinal concepts, and with the new system he proposed the elimination of what he considered erroneous medieval scholastic features. A number of his writings were harsh criticisms of medieval scholastic theology, in particular the belief system of Thomas Aquinas
. He was also the author of polemical writings aimed at contemporary movements that included Neo-Scholasticism
and Güntherianism. A few of his numerous publications are as follows:
Bavaria
Bavaria, formally the Free State of Bavaria is a state of Germany, located in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the largest state by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...
.
Oischinger studied theology and philosophy at the University of Munich, where he had as instructors Franz Xaver von Baader
Franz Xaver von Baader
Franz Xaver von Baader was a German Roman Catholic philosopher and theologian.-Life:He was born in Munich, the third son of F. P. Baader, court physician to the Prince-elector of Bavaria. His brothers were both distinguished — the elder, Clemens, as an author; the second, Joseph , as an...
(1765-1841), Joseph Görres (1776-1848), Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling
Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling
Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling , later von Schelling, was a German philosopher. Standard histories of philosophy make him the midpoint in the development of German idealism, situating him between Fichte, his mentor prior to 1800, and Hegel, his former university roommate and erstwhile friend...
(1775-1854), Ignaz von Döllinger (1799-1890), Heinrich Klee
Heinrich Klee
Heinrich Klee was a German theologian and Biblical exegete who argued against liberal and Rationalist currents in Catholic thought....
(1800-1840), Johann Adam Möhler
Johann Adam Möhler
Johann Adam Möhler was a German Roman Catholic theologian.He was born at Igersheim in Württemberg, and after studying philosophy and theology in the lyceum at Ellwangen, entered the University of Tübingen in 1817. Ordained to the priesthood in 1819, he was appointed to a curacy...
(1796-1838) and Franz Xaver Reithmayr
Franz Xaver Reithmayr
Franz Xaver Reithmayr was a German Catholic theologian who specialized in New Testament exegesis. He was born in Illkofen, located near Regensburg....
(1809-1872). In 1841 he received his ordination
Ordination
In general religious use, ordination is the process by which individuals are consecrated, that is, set apart as clergy to perform various religious rites and ceremonies. The process and ceremonies of ordination itself varies by religion and denomination. One who is in preparation for, or who is...
in Regensburg
Regensburg
Regensburg is a city in Bavaria, Germany, located at the confluence of the Danube and Regen rivers, at the northernmost bend in the Danube. To the east lies the Bavarian Forest. Regensburg is the capital of the Bavarian administrative region Upper Palatinate...
, and shortly afterwards returned to Munich
Munich
Munich The city's motto is "" . Before 2006, it was "Weltstadt mit Herz" . Its native name, , is derived from the Old High German Munichen, meaning "by the monks' place". The city's name derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who founded the city; hence the monk depicted on the city's coat...
, where he worked as a private scholar and journalist for the remainder of his career.
His aim in theology was to create a new philosophical system and a scientific offering of Catholic
Catholic
The word catholic comes from the Greek phrase , meaning "on the whole," "according to the whole" or "in general", and is a combination of the Greek words meaning "about" and meaning "whole"...
doctrinal concepts, and with the new system he proposed the elimination of what he considered erroneous medieval scholastic features. A number of his writings were harsh criticisms of medieval scholastic theology, in particular the belief system of Thomas Aquinas
Thomas Aquinas
Thomas Aquinas, O.P. , also Thomas of Aquin or Aquino, was an Italian Dominican priest of the Catholic Church, and an immensely influential philosopher and theologian in the tradition of scholasticism, known as Doctor Angelicus, Doctor Communis, or Doctor Universalis...
. He was also the author of polemical writings aimed at contemporary movements that included Neo-Scholasticism
Neo-Scholasticism
Neo-Scholasticism is the revival and development of medieval scholastic philosophy starting from the second half of the 19th century. It has some times been called neo-Thomism partly because Thomas Aquinas in the 13th century gave to scholasticism a final form, partly because the idea gained ground...
and Güntherianism. A few of his numerous publications are as follows:
- Grundriss zu einem neuen Systeme der Philosophie (Framework of a New System of Philosophy), 1843
- Philosophie und Religion (1849)
- Grundriss zum systeme der christlichen Philosophie (Framework for a System of Christian Philosophy), 1852
- Die Einheitslehre der göttlichen Trinität (Doctrine of the Anthropomorphic Trinity), 1869