Johan Andreas Cornelius Ohme
Encyclopedia
Johan Andreas Cornelius Ohme (1746 - 5 March 1818), was a Danish-Norwegian
army officer.
. But his stay in Denmark was to be short since he only a month later was sent to Norway as a First Lieutenant
in the 14th artillery company in Trondheim
. In 1787, Ohme returned to Denmark and was promoted to Captain
on November 23, and later Major
on 12 June 1795.
in the artillery, and returned to Norway as a Colonel
and head of the Artillery Corps on 8 February 1809. At the outbreak of the Dano-Swedish War of 1808-1809
he was put in charge of a reserve brigade in the area between Grønsund
and Fetsund
, and later during the war transferred to the infantry. After the war in 1809, he became interim commander at Akershus Fortress
, and later Commandant at Fredriksten
from the 13 February 1810. He was on 25 January 1812 also promoted to Major General
.
During the Swedish campaign against Norway in 1814 the fortress was besieged by the Swedes. But the fortress held out and was not surrendered to the Swedes until after the Convention of Moss
. Ohme was later again offered the position of Commandant at Fredriksten, but turned it down.
He was, however, appointed Commandant in Fredrikstad
on 5 February 1815, and took over the fortress when the Swedish occupation forces pulled out. That same year he was also awarded the Order of the Sword
.
17 May 1905 it was erected a memorial over his grave, as it is placed flowers on it each 17 May.
Denmark–Norway
Denmark–Norway is the historiographical name for a former political entity consisting of the kingdoms of Denmark and Norway, including the originally Norwegian dependencies of Iceland, Greenland and the Faroe Islands...
army officer.
Early years
Johan Andreas Ohme started his military career as an artillery cadet in 1764. Nine years later he went to Denmark and was on the 4 February appointed Second LieutenantSecond Lieutenant
Second lieutenant is a junior commissioned officer military rank in many armed forces.- United Kingdom and Commonwealth :The rank second lieutenant was introduced throughout the British Army in 1871 to replace the rank of ensign , although it had long been used in the Royal Artillery, Royal...
. But his stay in Denmark was to be short since he only a month later was sent to Norway as a First Lieutenant
First Lieutenant
First lieutenant is a military rank and, in some forces, an appointment.The rank of lieutenant has different meanings in different military formations , but the majority of cases it is common for it to be sub-divided into a senior and junior rank...
in the 14th artillery company in Trondheim
Trondheim
Trondheim , historically, Nidaros and Trondhjem, is a city and municipality in Sør-Trøndelag county, Norway. With a population of 173,486, it is the third most populous municipality and city in the country, although the fourth largest metropolitan area. It is the administrative centre of...
. In 1787, Ohme returned to Denmark and was promoted to Captain
Captain (OF-2)
The army rank of captain is a commissioned officer rank historically corresponding to command of a company of soldiers. The rank is also used by some air forces and marine forces. Today a captain is typically either the commander or second-in-command of a company or artillery battery...
on November 23, and later Major
Major
Major is a rank of commissioned officer, with corresponding ranks existing in almost every military in the world.When used unhyphenated, in conjunction with no other indicator of rank, the term refers to the rank just senior to that of an Army captain and just below the rank of lieutenant colonel. ...
on 12 June 1795.
Military career
On 8 May 1805, Ohme was promoted to Lieutenant ColonelLieutenant colonel
Lieutenant colonel is a rank of commissioned officer in the armies and most marine forces and some air forces of the world, typically ranking above a major and below a colonel. The rank of lieutenant colonel is often shortened to simply "colonel" in conversation and in unofficial correspondence...
in the artillery, and returned to Norway as a Colonel
Colonel
Colonel , abbreviated Col or COL, is a military rank of a senior commissioned officer. It or a corresponding rank exists in most armies and in many air forces; the naval equivalent rank is generally "Captain". It is also used in some police forces and other paramilitary rank structures...
and head of the Artillery Corps on 8 February 1809. At the outbreak of the Dano-Swedish War of 1808-1809
Dano-Swedish War of 1808-1809
The Dano-Swedish War of 1808-1809 was a war between Denmark–Norway and Sweden due to Denmark–Norway's alliance with France and Sweden's alliance with the coalition during the Napoleonic Wars...
he was put in charge of a reserve brigade in the area between Grønsund
Grønsund
Grønsund is a strait in Denmark separating the island Falster from the islands Møn and Bogø. Grønsund's maximum depth is at approx. 20 metres and the width is between 1 - 4 km. Storstrømmen channel is situated to the west and Stege Bugt lies to the north between Zealand and Møn. A ferry crosses the...
and Fetsund
Fetsund
Fetsund forms the center of the municipality Fet in the county of Akershus, Norway. The name comes from the way the area is, and Fet means "where water meets grass". As for the -sund part, it simply means 'strait, inlet'...
, and later during the war transferred to the infantry. After the war in 1809, he became interim commander at Akershus Fortress
Akershus Fortress
Akershus Fortress or Akershus Castle is a medieval castle that was built to protect Oslo, the capital of Norway. It has also been used as a prison.- Construction :...
, and later Commandant at Fredriksten
Fredriksten
-History:This Fortresses was constructed ny Denmark-Norway in the 17th century as a replacement for the border fortress at Bohus, which had been lost when the province of Bohuslän was ceded to Sweden by the terms of the Treaty of Roskilde in 1658...
from the 13 February 1810. He was on 25 January 1812 also promoted to Major General
Major General
Major general or major-general is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. A major general is a high-ranking officer, normally subordinate to the rank of lieutenant general and senior to the ranks of brigadier and brigadier general...
.
During the Swedish campaign against Norway in 1814 the fortress was besieged by the Swedes. But the fortress held out and was not surrendered to the Swedes until after the Convention of Moss
Convention of Moss
The Convention of Moss was a cease fire agreement, signed August 14, 1814, between the Swedish King and the Norwegian Storting. It followed the Swedish-Norwegian War due to Norway's claim to sovereignty...
. Ohme was later again offered the position of Commandant at Fredriksten, but turned it down.
He was, however, appointed Commandant in Fredrikstad
Fredrikstad
is a city and municipality in Østfold county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Fredrikstad....
on 5 February 1815, and took over the fortress when the Swedish occupation forces pulled out. That same year he was also awarded the Order of the Sword
Order of the Sword
The Order of the Sword is a Swedish order of chivalry created by King Frederick I of Sweden on February 23, 1748, together with the Order of the Seraphim and the Order of the Polar Star.Awarded to officers, and originally intended as an award for bravery and particularly long or useful service, it...
.
Death
Johan Andreas Ohme died as Commandant in Fredrikstad on 5 March 1818 and was buried in the old cemetery at the Eastern Fredrikstad Church. Ohme remained unmarried and at his death, he established an endowment to the upbringing of orphan officer daughters at the age from 9-18.17 May 1905 it was erected a memorial over his grave, as it is placed flowers on it each 17 May.