Gustav Rose was a German mineralogist who was a native of Berlin

Berlin

Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...

. He was a brother of mineralogist Heinrich Rose

Heinrich Rose

Heinrich Rose was a German mineralogist and analytical chemist. He was the brother of the mineralogist Gustav Rose and a son of Valentin Rose....

 (1795-1864), the son of pharmacologist Valentin Rose

Valentin Rose (pharmacologist)

Valentin Rose was a German pharmacologist from Berlin, Margraviate of Brandenburg. Son of Valentin Rose the Elder.He found the inuline and sodium carbonate. And he invented a way to detect arsenic.-Children:...

 (1762-1807), and the father of noted surgeon

Surgeon

In medicine, a surgeon is a specialist in surgery. Surgery is a broad category of invasive medical treatment that involves the cutting of a body, whether human or animal, for a specific reason such as the removal of diseased tissue or to repair a tear or breakage...

 Edmund Rose

Edmund Rose

Edmund Rose was a German surgeon who was a native of Berlin. He studied medicine in Berlin and Würzburg and subsequently was an assistant to surgeon Robert Ferdinand Wilms in Berlin from 1860 until 1864...

 (1836-1914) and the classicist Valentin Rose

Valentin Rose (classicist)

Valentin Rose was a German classicist and textual critic.-Personal life:Valentin Rose was the son of mineralogist Gustav Rose , and a nephew to famed mineralogist Heinrich Rose and to the pharmacist Wilhelm Rose , of whom he published a brief remembrance...

.

He was a graduate of the University of Berlin, where he was a student of Christian Samuel Weiss

Christian Samuel Weiss

Christian Samuel Weiss was a German mineralogist born in Leipzig. After graduation he was a physics instructor in Leipzig from 1803 until 1808...

 (1780-1856). He also studied under chemist

Chemist

A chemist is a scientist trained in the study of chemistry. Chemists study the composition of matter and its properties such as density and acidity. Chemists carefully describe the properties they study in terms of quantities, with detail on the level of molecules and their component atoms...

 Jöns Jakob Berzelius

Jöns Jakob Berzelius

Jöns Jacob Berzelius was a Swedish chemist. He worked out the modern technique of chemical formula notation, and is together with John Dalton, Antoine Lavoisier, and Robert Boyle considered a father of modern chemistry...

 (1779-1848) in Stockholm

Stockholm

Stockholm is the capital and the largest city of Sweden and constitutes the most populated urban area in Scandinavia. Stockholm is the most populous city in Sweden, with a population of 851,155 in the municipality , 1.37 million in the urban area , and around 2.1 million in the metropolitan area...

, where he met Eilhard Mitscherlich

Eilhard Mitscherlich

Eilhard Mitscherlich was a German chemist, who is perhaps best remembered today for his law of isomorphism , which states that compounds crystallizing together probably have similar structures and compositions...

 (1794-1863), with whom he maintained a lifelong friendship. Rose also provided assistance to Mitscherlich's development of the law of isomorphism

Isomorphism (crystallography)

In crystallography crystals are described as isomorphous if they are closely similar in shape. Historically crystal shape was defined by measuring the angles between crystal faces with a goniometer...

. In 1826 he became an associate professor of mineralogy

Mineralogy

Mineralogy is the study of chemistry, crystal structure, and physical properties of minerals. Specific studies within mineralogy include the processes of mineral origin and formation, classification of minerals, their geographical distribution, as well as their utilization.-History:Early writing...

 in Berlin

Berlin

Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...

, and in 1856 was appointed director of the Royal Mineralogical Museum. From 1863 until his death he was president of the German Geological Society.

Gustav Rose made important contributions in the fields of petrography

Petrography

Petrography is a branch of petrology that focuses on detailed descriptions of rocks. Someone who studies petrography is called a petrographer. The mineral content and the textural relationships within the rock are described in detail. Petrographic descriptions start with the field notes at the...

 and crystallography

Crystallography

Crystallography is the experimental science of the arrangement of atoms in solids. The word "crystallography" derives from the Greek words crystallon = cold drop / frozen drop, with its meaning extending to all solids with some degree of transparency, and grapho = write.Before the development of...

, and is credited for pioneering usage of the reflective goniometer

Goniometer

A goniometer is an instrument that either measures an angle or allows an object to be rotated to a precise angular position. The term goniometry is derived from two Greek words, gōnia, meaning angle, and metron, meaning measure....

 in Germany. He had a particular interest in the relationship between the crystalline form and the physical properties of minerals, and is credited for developing a mineral system that was a combination of chemistry

Chemistry

Chemistry is the science of matter, especially its chemical reactions, but also its composition, structure and properties. Chemistry is concerned with atoms and their interactions with other atoms, and particularly with the properties of chemical bonds....

, isomorphy

Isomorphism

In abstract algebra, an isomorphism is a mapping between objects that shows a relationship between two properties or operations.  If there exists an isomorphism between two structures, the two structures are said to be isomorphic.  In a certain sense, isomorphic structures are...

 and morphology.

He conducted studies of quartz

Quartz

Quartz is the second-most-abundant mineral in the Earth's continental crust, after feldspar. It is made up of a continuous framework of SiO4 silicon–oxygen tetrahedra, with each oxygen being shared between two tetrahedra, giving an overall formula SiO2. There are many different varieties of quartz,...

, feldspar

Feldspar

Feldspars are a group of rock-forming tectosilicate minerals which make up as much as 60% of the Earth's crust....

, granite

Granite

Granite is a common and widely occurring type of intrusive, felsic, igneous rock. Granite usually has a medium- to coarse-grained texture. Occasionally some individual crystals are larger than the groundmass, in which case the texture is known as porphyritic. A granitic rock with a porphyritic...

, the mineralogical components of trap rock

Trap rock

Trap rock is a form of igneous rock that tends to form polygonal vertical fractures, most typically hexagonal, but also four to eight sided. The fracture pattern forms when magma of suitable chemical composition intrudes as a sill or extrudes as a thick lava flow, and slowly cools.Because of the...

s, et al. He is remembered for research of meteorites and his investigations of chondrule

Chondrule

Chondrules are round grains found in chondrites. Chondrules form as molten or partially molten droplets in space before being accreted to their parent asteroids...

s. With Gustav Tschermak von Seysenegg

Gustav Tschermak von Seysenegg

Gustav Tschermak von Seysenegg was an Austrian mineralogist.-Biography:He was born 19 April 1836 in Littau, Olomouc District, Moravia and studied at the University of Vienna where he obtained a teaching degree. He studied mineralogy at Heidelberg and Tübingen and obtained a PhD...

 (1836-1927) and Aristides Brezina

Aristides Brezina

Aristides Brezina was an Austrian mineralogist born in Vienna. In 1872 he graduated from the University of Tübingen, and afterwards taught crystallography at the University of Vienna...

 (1848-1909), the "Rose-Tschermak-Brezina classification" system of meteorites was developed.

In 1829 with Alexander von Humboldt

Alexander von Humboldt

Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander Freiherr von Humboldt was a German naturalist and explorer, and the younger brother of the Prussian minister, philosopher and linguist Wilhelm von Humboldt...

 (1769-1859) and Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg

Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg

Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg , German naturalist, zoologist, comparative anatomist, geologist, and microscopist, was one of the most famous and productive scientists of his time.- Early collections :...

 (1795-1876), he took part in a scientific expedition throughout Imperial Russia, where he performed mineralogical studies in the Altai and Ural Mountains

Ural Mountains

The Ural Mountains , or simply the Urals, are a mountain range that runs approximately from north to south through western Russia, from the coast of the Arctic Ocean to the Ural River and northwestern Kazakhstan. Their eastern side is usually considered the natural boundary between Europe and Asia...

, as well as in the region of the Caspian Sea

Caspian Sea

The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed body of water on Earth by area, variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea. The sea has a surface area of and a volume of...

. He discovered many minerals new to science, including perovskite

Perovskite

A perovskite structure is any material with the same type of crystal structure as calcium titanium oxide , known as the perovskite structure, or XIIA2+VIB4+X2−3 with the oxygen in the face centers. Perovskites take their name from this compound, which was first discovered in the Ural mountains of...

, named in honor of Russian mineralogist Lev Aleksevich von Perovski

Lev Perovski

Count Lev Aleksevich von Perovski was a Russian nobleman and mineralogist who also served as Minister of Internal Affairs under Nicholas I of Russia....

 (1792-1856). A rose-colored mineral named roselite

Roselite

Roselite is a rare arsenate mineral with chemical formula: Ca2[AsO4]2·H2O.It was first described in 1825 for an occurrence in the Rappold mines of Schneeberg, Saxony, Germany and named for German mineralogist Gustav Rose who discovered this mineral...

 is named after him, and he is credited for coining the terms howardite

Howardite

Howardites are achondritic stony meteorites that originate from the surface of the asteroid 4 Vesta, and as such are part of the HED meteorite group. There are about 200 distinct members known.-Characteristics:...

 and eucrite

Eucrite

Eucrites are achondritic stony meteorites, many of which originate from the surface of the asteroid 4 Vesta and as such are part of the HED meteorite group. They are the most common achondrite group with well over 100 distinct finds at present....

.

Selected publications

• Elemente der Krystallographie (1830)
• Mineralogischgeognostische Reise nach dem Ural, dem Altai and dem Kaspische Meere (1837) Vol. 1; (1842) Vol. 2.
• Das Krystallo-chemische Mineralsystem (1852)
• Beschreibung and Eintheilung der Meteoriten (1863)