Grand Rapids Medical Mile
Encyclopedia
Grand Rapids Medical Mile is a designated area within the city of Grand Rapids, MI. It began with medical-related development in the Hillside District Grand Rapids, Michigan
Michigan
Michigan is a U.S. state located in the Great Lakes Region of the United States of America. The name Michigan is the French form of the Ojibwa word mishigamaa, meaning "large water" or "large lake"....

, bordering both sides of Michigan Street. More than a decade later it encompasses an area five times larger. It has also been referred to as Grand Rapids Medical Corridor, Michigan Street Medical Corridor, Health Hill, Medical Hill, and Pill Hill, among other names. It was started in 1996 with the founding of Van Andel Institute
Van Andel Institute
Van Andel Institute is a 501 nonprofit organization in Grand Rapids, Michigan. The Institute’s mission is to improve the health and enhance the lives of current and future generations through disease research and science education...

 by Jay and Betty Van Andel. It has since expanded to include the Grand Rapids Community College
Grand Rapids Community College
Grand Rapids Community College is a community college located in the city of Grand Rapids in the U.S. state of Michigan. GRCC offers an Associate's degree, a variety of certification programs, occupational training, and other learning opportunities for the surrounding community.-Campuses:In...

's Calkins Science Center across Bostwick Avenue, Spectrum Health
Spectrum Health
Spectrum Health System, commonly known as Spectrum Health, is a not-for-profit, integrated, managed care health care organization based in West Michigan. Spectrum Health's subsidiaries include hospitals, treatment facilities, urgent-care facilities, as well as physician practices that serve the...

's Butterworth Hospital complex, Grand Valley State University
Grand Valley State University
Grand Valley State University is a public liberal arts university located in Allendale, Michigan, United States. The university was established in 1960, and its main campus is situated on approximately west of Grand Rapids...

's Cook-DeVos Center for Health Sciences, and Michigan State University
Michigan State University
Michigan State University is a public research university in East Lansing, Michigan, USA. Founded in 1855, it was the pioneer land-grant institution and served as a model for future land-grant colleges in the United States under the 1862 Morrill Act.MSU pioneered the studies of packaging,...

 Secchia Center Medical School, among other facilities in the area.

Van Andel Institute

Van Andel Institute (VAI) is a research institution that primarily conducts cancer
Cancer
Cancer , known medically as a malignant neoplasm, is a large group of different diseases, all involving unregulated cell growth. In cancer, cells divide and grow uncontrollably, forming malignant tumors, and invade nearby parts of the body. The cancer may also spread to more distant parts of the...

 research, but also studies other diseases such as osteoporosis
Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is a disease of bones that leads to an increased risk of fracture. In osteoporosis the bone mineral density is reduced, bone microarchitecture is deteriorating, and the amount and variety of proteins in bone is altered...

, heart disease
Heart disease
Heart disease, cardiac disease or cardiopathy is an umbrella term for a variety of diseases affecting the heart. , it is the leading cause of death in the United States, England, Canada and Wales, accounting for 25.4% of the total deaths in the United States.-Types:-Coronary heart disease:Coronary...

, diabetes and Parkinson's disease
Parkinson's disease
Parkinson's disease is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system...

. It was founded in 1996 by philanthropists Jay
Jay Van Andel
Jay Van Andel was an American businessman best known as co-founder of the Amway Corporation, along with Richard DeVos. He also served as Chairman of the U.S...

 and Betty Van Andel. At the time "there was little scientific activity in Grand Rapids." The institute opened in 2000 and expanded in 2009. Initially, most of the research was funded by an endowment from Jay Van Andel, which has been estimated at $1 billion. Jay Van Andel suffered from Parkinson's disease; Betty suffered from Alzheimer's disease. Their son, Dave, is the current CEO.

The VAI facility was built in two phases. The $60 million first phase was 160000 square feet (14,864.5 m²) and included 40000 square feet (3,716.1 m²) of laboratory space. It also featured the 325-seat Tomatis Auditorium
Auditorium
An auditorium is a room built to enable an audience to hear and watch performances at venues such as theatres. For movie theaters, the number of auditoriums is expressed as the number of screens.- Etymology :...

 and the Cook-Hauenstein Hall. It is located on Bostwick Avenue with the north end on Michigan Street.

On May 17, 2005, VAI announced plans to expand. The expansion was approved by the City of Grand Rapids in October 2006, and construction for the expansion began on April 12, 2007. The cost of the expansion was is $178 million, raised through donations and a bond
Bond (finance)
In finance, a bond is a debt security, in which the authorized issuer owes the holders a debt and, depending on the terms of the bond, is obliged to pay interest to use and/or to repay the principal at a later date, termed maturity...

. The second phase added an additional 242000 square feet (22,482.5 m²), including 95000 square feet (8,825.8 m²) of lab space. The new facility houses the Van Andel Education Institute's PhD
PHD
PHD may refer to:*Ph.D., a doctorate of philosophy*Ph.D. , a 1980s British group*PHD finger, a protein sequence*PHD Mountain Software, an outdoor clothing and equipment company*PhD Docbook renderer, an XML renderer...

-granting graduate school, which was founded in 2007. Michigan State University medical students also have research space in the facility. The building was designed by "world-renowned architect" Rafael Viñoly
Rafael Viñoly
Rafael Viñoly is an Uruguayan architect living in the United States.-Biography:He was born in Montevideo, Uruguay to Román Viñoly Barreto, and Maria Beceiro ....

 and will be LEED
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design consists of a suite of rating systems for the design, construction and operation of high performance green buildings, homes and neighborhoods....

-certified. The second phase added a 100-seat cafeteria and 90-seat conference center.

The institute has 270 employees. Over the next several years, it is expected to grow to about 800 employees, most of them research scientists. VAI operates on an annual budget of $40 million, much of which comes from research grants and donations. Numerous local schools have donated money to fund medical research. The VAI endowment allows all donations to go directly to research.

Michigan State University College of Human Medicine Secchia Center

Michigan State University College of Human Medicine has expanded its campus in Grand Rapids, MI with the opening of the Secchia Center

The MSU
Michigan State University
Michigan State University is a public research university in East Lansing, Michigan, USA. Founded in 1855, it was the pioneer land-grant institution and served as a model for future land-grant colleges in the United States under the 1862 Morrill Act.MSU pioneered the studies of packaging,...

 College of Human Medicine Secchia Center will house the Grand Rapids portion of the MSU's M.D. medical school. Its purpose is to expand MSU CHM's class size from its traditional 106 students to 206 entering students per year in 2010; 100 of those students will spend all four years in Grand Rapids. Historically, first and second year students attended the East Lansing campus; the third and fourth year students then spread to six different urban area
Urban area
An urban area is characterized by higher population density and vast human features in comparison to areas surrounding it. Urban areas may be cities, towns or conurbations, but the term is not commonly extended to rural settlements such as villages and hamlets.Urban areas are created and further...

s in the state in order to complete their training.
Grand Rapids has been such a host for many years, and with the advent of the Medical Mile they were asked to expand the medical school in Grand Rapids. The center will be home to 400 students a year when fully operational. The project was ratified by the MSU Board of Trustees on January 18, 2007 and further voted to begin construction on October 26, 2007. It is being funded by private dollars through a joint fundraising initiative by MSU and Grand Action, a nonprofit Grand Rapids based organization designed to revitalize and attract business to downtown Grand Rapids. A $10 million lead donation of the $90 million construction budget was given by Ambassador Peter F. Secchia
Peter F. Secchia
Peter F. Secchia, is an Italian-American diplomat and businessman. Secchia served as the United States Ambassador to Italy from 1989 to 1993.-Career:...

. Fifty second year students will be using a lease
Lease
A lease is a contractual arrangement calling for the lessee to pay the lessor for use of an asset. A rental agreement is a lease in which the asset is tangible property...

d facility at 234 N Division Ave in 2008 and 2009 before moving to the Secchia Center in 2010.

The campus will be a seven-story building atop a five-story parking garage. It is approximately 180000 square feet (16,722.5 m²) and is a part of the four-tower RDV/Christman Michigan Street development bounded by I-196 expressway to the north, Michigan Street to the south and North Division to the west. It will also be skywalk-linked into Tower 25 of the Medical Mile, which is connected to the Van Andel Institute and the remainder of the Medical Mile.

Spectrum Health System

Spectrum Health
Spectrum Health
Spectrum Health System, commonly known as Spectrum Health, is a not-for-profit, integrated, managed care health care organization based in West Michigan. Spectrum Health's subsidiaries include hospitals, treatment facilities, urgent-care facilities, as well as physician practices that serve the...

 System operates several facilities on Michigan Street. First is Butterworth Hospital
Butterworth Hospital
Butterworth Hospital is a hospital in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Founded in 1875 as St. Mark's Home and Hospital, the current Butterworth Hospital is a subsidiary of Spectrum Health. The hospital is a teaching affiliate of the Michigan State University College of Human Medicine. The emergency...

, the main downtown hospital for the health group. This campus has the only level I trauma center in West Michigan. It includes the Fred and Lena Meijer
Meijer
Meijer, Inc. is a regional American hypermarket chain based in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Founded in 1934 as a supermarket chain, Meijer is credited with pioneering the modern supercenter concept in 1962. About half of the company's 196 stores are located in Michigan, with additional locations in...

 Heart Center, opened in 2004, and is currently building the Helen DeVos Children's Hospital and the Lemmen-Holton Cancer Pavilion.

Butterworth Hospital

The Butterworth Hospital
Butterworth Hospital
Butterworth Hospital is a hospital in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Founded in 1875 as St. Mark's Home and Hospital, the current Butterworth Hospital is a subsidiary of Spectrum Health. The hospital is a teaching affiliate of the Michigan State University College of Human Medicine. The emergency...

 was founded by St. Mark's Church
St. Mark's Episcopal Church
-United States:Note: Many of these are on the National Register of Historic Places-Alabama:*St. Mark's Episcopal Church -Arkansas:*St. Mark's Episcopal Church , listed on the NRHP in Arkansas...

 in 1873. The first patients were limited to elderly women, but two years later, a new facility opened to allow a more diverse patient load. By 1887 a need for further expansion led Richard E. Butterworth to offer the present site of Michigan Street and Bostwick Avenue. On April 26, 1890, the new facility opened, and it was renamed four years later in honor of Mr. Butterworth, who was not alive to see the opening. In the 1920s, the Butterworth family donated enough to open a new 220 bed facility at the hospital's current location. A further expansion in the early 1950s increased the number of beds to 425. In 1973, the North Tower—another expansion—was completed, bringing the number of beds to 529. In 1987, Health Connections started Aero Med to provide air transport service, and in 1993 the Helen DeVos Women and Children's Center was opened.

Meijer Heart Center

Opened in 2004, the Meijer Heart Center was the combination of both of Spectrum Health's heart programs from its Blodgett campus in East Grand Rapids, and the one at its Butterworth campus. It was built using the donations of over 3000 people donating almost $35 million. The center has been named in the Solucient 100 Top Cardiovascular Hospitals multiple times. It also ranked number one in open heart surgeries
Cardiac surgery
Cardiovascular surgery is surgery on the heart or great vessels performed by cardiac surgeons. Frequently, it is done to treat complications of ischemic heart disease , correct congenital heart disease, or treat valvular heart disease from various causes including endocarditis, rheumatic heart...

 performed in 2005. It is also Michigan's first chest pain center.

Helen DeVos Children's Hospital

The Helen DeVos Children's Hospital
Helen DeVos Children's Hospital
Helen DeVos Children's Hospital is a pediatric hospital in Grand Rapids, Michigan and a division of Spectrum Health. It is named for Helen DeVos, wife of Amway founder Richard DeVos, a major donor.-Awards and recognition:...

  first opened on September 1, 1993. At the time of its opening, it was the only children's hospital in West Michigan. The hospital was started 20 years earlier by the Fremont
Fremont
- Places :- Other uses :*The Fremont Bridge , in Portland, Oregon*The Fremont Bridge , in Seattle, Washington*Fremont River , a tributary of the Colorado River*Mount Fremont, Washington, in maximum elevation...

, Michigan based Gerber
Gerber
Gerber may refer to:* Gerber convention, an ace-asking convention in contract bridge* Gerber Legendary Blades, a maker of consumer knives and multitools headquartered in Portland, Oregon* Gerber format Gerber may refer to:* Gerber convention, an ace-asking convention in contract bridge* Gerber...

 Baby Foods as a neonatal intensive care unit
Intensive Care Unit
thumb|220px|ICU roomAn intensive-care unit , critical-care unit , intensive-therapy unit/intensive-treatment unit is a specialized department in a hospital that provides intensive-care medicine...

 at Butterworth Hospital. The original $100,000 donation allowed it to be opened the next year, and in the next decade
Decade
A decade is a period of 10 years. The word is derived from the Ancient Greek dekas which means ten. This etymology is sometime confused with the Latin decas and dies , which is not correct....

 the need for more services grew substantially. In 1990, Richard
Richard DeVos
Richard DeVos, Sr. is an American businessman, co-founder of Amway along with Jay Van Andel , and owner of the Orlando Magic NBA basketball team...

 and Helen DeVos donated $5 million to expand its services and to offer specialized pediatric care. They are now raising $100 million for a planned 14-story, 440000 square feet (40,877.3 m²) facility, started by a $50 million donation by the DeVos Family. It is projected to cost $256 million and is expected to open its doors by 2010. The Helen DeVos Children's Hospital is now open and the first kids were wheeled through the doors on January 11, 2011. There are well over 200 beds and all are private rooms that view the city. The hospital is 14 stories tall and next door to a heliport serving all of Michigan. Over 100 pictures to view at MedicalMile.com including the dedication ceremony along with other information on the Medical Mile.

Lemmen-Holton Cancer Pavilion

The Lemmen-Holton Cancer
Cancer
Cancer , known medically as a malignant neoplasm, is a large group of different diseases, all involving unregulated cell growth. In cancer, cells divide and grow uncontrollably, forming malignant tumors, and invade nearby parts of the body. The cancer may also spread to more distant parts of the...

 Pavilion was developed to bring all cancer research
Cancer research
Cancer research is basic research into cancer in order to identify causes and develop strategies for prevention, diagnosis, treatments and cure....

 and patient service delivery in the Spectrum Health System under one roof. The land for the project was purchased in 2002 with a donation from Fred and Lena Meijer. The $78 million facility opened on June 30, 2008. It is located across the street from Butterworth Hospital on Michigan Street and is connected to it by an underground tunnel
Grand Rapids Medical Corridor North Pedestrian Tunnel
The Grand Rapids Medical Corridor North Pedestrian Tunnel is a tunnel in Grand Rapids, Michigan connecting the Lemmen Holton Oncology Center with Butterworth Hospital and Helen DeVos Children's Hospital.-Construction:...

. Since the location is also near the VAI, the hospital has a high rate of cancer patients on clinical trial
Clinical trial
Clinical trials are a set of procedures in medical research and drug development that are conducted to allow safety and efficacy data to be collected for health interventions...

s: eight percent compared to the national rate of three percent. The Pavilion is named after two employees that worked for Meijer
Meijer
Meijer, Inc. is a regional American hypermarket chain based in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Founded in 1934 as a supermarket chain, Meijer is credited with pioneering the modern supercenter concept in 1962. About half of the company's 196 stores are located in Michigan, with additional locations in...

 for many years and worked their way to the top of the company.

GVSU Cook-DeVos Center for Health Sciences

The GVSU Cook-DeVos Center for Health Sciences is a 273000 square feet (25,362.5 m²) facility opened in 2003 by Grand Valley State University
Grand Valley State University
Grand Valley State University is a public liberal arts university located in Allendale, Michigan, United States. The university was established in 1960, and its main campus is situated on approximately west of Grand Rapids...

. The project cost was $32 million, and is located with Michigan Street on the south side and Lafayette on the west side. It currently has four specialized laboratories dealing with different rehab
Drug rehabilitation
Drug rehabilitation is a term for the processes of medical or psychotherapeutic treatment, for dependency on psychoactive substances such as alcohol, prescription drugs, and so-called street drugs such as cocaine, heroin or amphetamines...

 services. It also houses a portion of the GVSU library
Library
In a traditional sense, a library is a large collection of books, and can refer to the place in which the collection is housed. Today, the term can refer to any collection, including digital sources, resources, and services...

 system in the Frey Foundation Learning Center. This portion of the system deals with medical fields. The center also houses the 150 seat Hagar Auditorium
Auditorium
An auditorium is a room built to enable an audience to hear and watch performances at venues such as theatres. For movie theaters, the number of auditoriums is expressed as the number of screens.- Etymology :...

, the 120 seat Steelcase
Steelcase
Steelcase is an international office furniture company founded in 1912 in Grand Rapids, Michigan — as The Metal Office Furniture Company. The company at the time specialized in file cabinets and safes. Today, the company sells products related to interior architecture, furniture and technology...

 lecture
Lecture
thumb|A lecture on [[linear algebra]] at the [[Helsinki University of Technology]]A lecture is an oral presentation intended to present information or teach people about a particular subject, for example by a university or college teacher. Lectures are used to convey critical information, history,...

 hall, and six conference rooms with 12 to 20 seats each. Also in the facility is the West Michigan Science & Technology Initiative, a GVSU project that is designed to aid medical business by providing lab space and allocates around 20000 square feet (1,858.1 m²) allocated for this purpose. It was founded in 2003 by GVSU, VAI, GRCC, the City of Grand Rapids, and the Right Place, a Grand Rapids based strategic alliance.

RDV/Christman Michigan Street Development

The RDV/Christman Michigan Street Development is an integrated series of mixed-use buildings constructed along the north side of Michigan Street spanning between Division Avenue to Coit Avenue. It is a $250 million project that is jointly owned by RDV Corp. and The Christman Company, collectively known as Michigan Street Development, LLC. Several properties were acquired by the partnership: a State of Michigan surface parking lot
Parking lot
A parking lot , also known as car lot, is a cleared area that is intended for parking vehicles. Usually, the term refers to a dedicated area that has been provided with a durable or semi-durable surface....

, the Towers Building, an aboveground parking structure, a private practice medical building, and a Burger King
Burger King
Burger King, often abbreviated as BK, is a global chain of hamburger fast food restaurants headquartered in unincorporated Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States. The company began in 1953 as Insta-Burger King, a Jacksonville, Florida-based restaurant chain...

. All of these are to be razed in preparation for the new facilities. Numerous tax incentive
Tax incentive
A tax incentive is an aspect of the tax code designed to incentivize, or encourage, a certain type of behavior. This may be accomplished through means including tax holidays, tax deductions, or tax abatements...

s allowed financing of the development to become finalized.

The design of the facility includes a four-story, 2,300 space underground parking structure with four buildings built on the top levels. The four buildings will have approximately 740000 square feet (68,748.2 m²) of space and will create approximately two thousand new jobs.

The project is scheduled to be completed in two primary phases.

Phase I consists of:
  • Demolition
    Demolition
    Demolition is the tearing-down of buildings and other structures, the opposite of construction. Demolition contrasts with deconstruction, which involves taking a building apart while carefully preserving valuable elements for re-use....

     of the Burger King, surface parking lots, aboveground parking structure, and medical office.
  • Mass excavation
    Earthworks (engineering)
    Earthworks are engineering works created through the moving or processing of quantities of soil or unformed rock.- Civil engineering use :Typical earthworks include roads, railway beds, causeways, dams, levees, canals, and berms...

     and an earth retention system at the east and west thirds of the site.
  • A parking structure below grade from Division Avenue to Bostwick Avenue and just east of Bostwick Avenue to Coit Avenue.
  • Michigan Street Tunnel connecting the Butterworth Campus to the Helen DeVos Children's Hospital and the Lemmen-Holton Cancer Pavilion.
  • Tower 25 - seven-story medical office building.
  • A pedestrian bridge connecting the parking structure to the Van Andel Institute.
  • Construction of the Lemmen-Holton Cancer Pavilion and the Michigan State University Secchia Center College of Human Medicine.


Phase II consists of:
  • Demolition of the Towers Building and surface parking lot.
  • Mass excavation and earth retention at the center third of the development.
  • Tower 35 - seven-story medical office building including lab space located at 35 Michigan Street NE.
  • A pedestrian bridge connecting Tower 35 to the Butterworth Campus and the Helen DeVos Children's Hospital
    Helen DeVos Children's Hospital
    Helen DeVos Children's Hospital is a pediatric hospital in Grand Rapids, Michigan and a division of Spectrum Health. It is named for Helen DeVos, wife of Amway founder Richard DeVos, a major donor.-Awards and recognition:...

    .
  • A food court
    Food court
    A food court is generally an indoor plaza or common area within a facility that is contiguous with the counters of multiple food vendors and provides a common area for self-serve dining. Food courts may be found in shopping malls and airports, and in various regions may be a standalone development...

     located between Tower 25 and Tower 35.

Mid Towne Village

The Mid Towne Village is the first Planned Redevelopment District in the 2003 Grand Rapids passed zoning law. It is designed to be a mixed use facility and is at the northeast corner of Michigan Street and College Avenue. It has six buildings and a 15000 square feet (1,393.5 m²) Village Green Park in the center of the development. Key facilities in the project includes the Women’s Health Center, Park Row Condominiums, an office building for the development along with three other buildings. Along with being the first in project of this type in the state it is also the second to receive Brownfield
Brownfield land
Brownfield sites are abandoned or underused industrial and commercial facilities available for re-use. Expansion or redevelopment of such a facility may be complicated by real or perceived environmental contaminations. Cf. Waste...

 tax credits for a blighted neighborhood.

The Women’s Health Center is a four-story 100000 square feet (9,290.3 m²) facility designed to combine many of the women based services in Spectrum Hospital and other Grand Rapids based groups. Connected to the building is a five-story parking ramp providing 500 spaces. At the facility is a lower floor that includes an estimated 500 square feet (46.5 m²) conference room. Cost of the facility is at $25 million. It is located at the northern end of the facility with the north face of the building looking over Interstate 196. The east face looks over the parking ramp and into a neighborhood.

Building A of the facility is a three-story 60000 square feet (5,574.2 m²) building. It currently has 46 parking spots in a garage underneath the building. The building is on the west side of the development and is just south of Women's Health Center. Its east side faces the park and its north side also has a view of Interstate 196. A plaza is planned to be placed between it and the Health Center. The building has been planned to be a Medical use only facility.

Building C of the facility is a three-story 29000 square feet (2,694.2 m²) building. It has eight parking spots with two in a residential style garage. Its north side faces the central park, the south side faces the offices of the complex. The east side will overlook the Midtown neighborhood. The west side will overlook a large parking lot and to College Ave.

The residential section of the complex is the Park Row Condos. It has a max of 34 units for purchase with a combined 40000 square feet (3,716.1 m²) of space. According to their site they can combine units together to create larger units than what they presently offer. They have four floors on the site and have on-site parking on the east side of the building. The building itself offers both two-story and one-story condos. The one story or flats are located on the first and second levels. The two-story condos are located on the third and fourth floors. This building replaces the 48 residential homes that were purchased and torn down to make way for the complex. The west side will face the Park, the north side will overlook the parking ramp and I-196, the east side will overlook the Midtown neighborhood and the south side will overlook several offices.

The final building of the complex is Building D. It is a three-story 25000 square feet (2,322.6 m²) building. It is being planned for mixed use. It is set up to host seven suites and has no parking garage but has access to the parking on the complex site. Its north side faces a parking lot that will overlook Building B, the south side faces Michigan Street, the east side overlooks the complex offices, and the west side overlooks offices between it and College Avenue.

Calkins Science Center

The Grand Rapids Community College
Grand Rapids Community College
Grand Rapids Community College is a community college located in the city of Grand Rapids in the U.S. state of Michigan. GRCC offers an Associate's degree, a variety of certification programs, occupational training, and other learning opportunities for the surrounding community.-Campuses:In...

 Calkins Science Center was opened in the winter semester of 2000. It was named after the 25 year president
President
A president is a leader of an organization, company, trade union, university, or country.Etymologically, a president is one who presides, who sits in leadership...

, Richard W. Calkins. It is located on Bostwick Avenue across Crescent Street, with Butterworth Hospital
Butterworth Hospital
Butterworth Hospital is a hospital in Grand Rapids, Michigan. Founded in 1875 as St. Mark's Home and Hospital, the current Butterworth Hospital is a subsidiary of Spectrum Health. The hospital is a teaching affiliate of the Michigan State University College of Human Medicine. The emergency...

 on its north side. It is a 150000 square feet (13,935.5 m²) education building with a 150 seat auditorium. It contains several computer
Computer
A computer is a programmable machine designed to sequentially and automatically carry out a sequence of arithmetic or logical operations. The particular sequence of operations can be changed readily, allowing the computer to solve more than one kind of problem...

 laboratories, biology
Biology
Biology is a natural science concerned with the study of life and living organisms, including their structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy. Biology is a vast subject containing many subdivisions, topics, and disciplines...

 laboratories, physical science
Physical science
Physical science is an encompassing term for the branches of natural science and science that study non-living systems, in contrast to the life sciences...

 laboratories, a cadaver
Cadaver
A cadaver is a dead human body.Cadaver may also refer to:* Cadaver tomb, tomb featuring an effigy in the form of a decomposing body* Cadaver , a video game* cadaver A command-line WebDAV client for Unix....

 room, a prehistoric rooftop garden
Garden
A garden is a planned space, usually outdoors, set aside for the display, cultivation, and enjoyment of plants and other forms of nature. The garden can incorporate both natural and man-made materials. The most common form today is known as a residential garden, but the term garden has...

, and a 1700 square feet (157.9 m²) greenhouse
Greenhouse
A greenhouse is a building in which plants are grown. These structures range in size from small sheds to very large buildings...

.

External links

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